{"id":18521,"date":"2013-10-29T16:00:20","date_gmt":"2013-10-29T14:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=18521"},"modified":"2013-10-29T08:40:24","modified_gmt":"2013-10-29T06:40:24","slug":"running-out-of-memory-without-the-outofmemoryerror","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/2013\/10\/running-out-of-memory-without-the-outofmemoryerror.html","title":{"rendered":"Running out of memory without the OutOfMemoryError"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This is actually a reincarnation of a post originally posted in ~2010. The flashback occurred when listening to our engineers cursing at a particularly nasty bug raising its head yesterday. When the cursing stopped, I stepped by to verify my doubts. Lo and behold, I was correct \u2013 the mood swing was caused by an app running out of the heap space but dying without the usual <em>OutOfMemoryError<\/em> symptom.<\/p>\n<p>So let me walk through the case of missing <em>OutOfMemoryError<\/em> with the same code example I first encountered three years ago. Back then I was using a Windows XP with a mid-2010 JDK 6 installed.<\/p>\n<p>I was playing around with an early release of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.plumbr.eu\">Plumbr<\/a> which was supposed to find memory leaks from the application (edit: back then it failed to do pretty much anything besides crashing the JDK). In order to verify this, I wrote a small snippet which I thought would be a good test case for a leak discovery (edit: in reality it is not). I was able to create and launch the following:<\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">class Leak {  \r\n  static List list = new ArrayList();  \r\n  public static void main(String[] args) {  \r\n    for (int i = 0; i &gt;= 0 ;i++) {  \r\n      list.add(i);  \r\n    }  \r\n    System.out.println(\"I will either reach here or die trying\");  \r\n  }  \r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>Pretty good for a marketroid, eh? But what do you think running the code displayed to my command prompt:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Option A:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">Exception in thread \"main\" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space\r\n        at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2760)\r\n        at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2734)\r\n        at java.util.ArrayList.ensureCapacity(ArrayList.java:167)\r\n        at java.util.ArrayList.add(ArrayList.java:351)\r\n        at Leak.main(Leak.java:6)<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Option B:<\/strong><div style=\"display:inline-block; margin: 15px 0;\"> <div id=\"adngin-JavaCodeGeeks_incontent_video-0\" style=\"display:inline-block;\"><\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">I will either reach here or die trying<\/pre>\n<p>Well, as I found out, it doesn\u2019t print out anything, so I was pretty much just stuck to staring the empty command prompt.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/java-error-message-missing.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-18559\" alt=\"java-error-message-missing\" src=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/java-error-message-missing-300x163.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/java-error-message-missing-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/java-error-message-missing.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>As this was two years from my last real Java development experience before being demoted to management, I was out of ammo to troubleshoot the situation. So I took the sample to the hardcore Java hackers who later became known as the founders of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.zeroturnaround.com\">Zeroturnaround<\/a>. For 10 good minutes I managed to have bedazzled look on them as well, before it struck \u2013 the memory will be allocated in such a way that there is no room for <code>new OutOfMemoryError()<\/code> to be created.<\/p>\n<p>If you execute the above with 64MB heap (the default) on Windows XP using a mid 2010 JDK builds, you see a silent failure:<\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">C:\\work\\snippets\\leak java -Xmx64m Leak\r\nC:\\work\\snippets\\leak<\/pre>\n<p>But if you increase (well actually modify) the heap size a bit, you will encounter a more familiar situation:<\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">C:\\work\\snippets\\leak java -Xmx65m Leak\r\nException in thread \"main\" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space\r\n        at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2760)\r\n        at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:2734)\r\n        at java.util.ArrayList.ensureCapacity(ArrayList.java:167)\r\n        at java.util.ArrayList.add(ArrayList.java:351)\r\n        at Leak.main(Leak.java:6)\r\nC:\\work\\snippets\\leak<\/pre>\n<p>Moral of the story? I can only recommend to upgrade to a more modern release \u2013 no matter which configuration I tried, I failed to recreate the situation using the JDK 7 builds I had on my Mac today. But looking at the statistics about <a href=\"http:\/\/plumbr.eu\/blog\/most-popular-java-environments\">popular Java runtime configurations<\/a>, you see a staggering amount of JDK deployments dating back to pre-2010 releases, meaning that the problem is still out there forcing developers to pull crazy all-nighters trying to figure out the source of the problem without any hints from the stacktrace to support them.<\/p>\n<p>Anyhow, backing the engineering team with my extensive knowledge about JDK 6 internals I went ahead and revived the post from the long-forgotten blog I used to contribute back then.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #D8D8D8; background: #FAFAFA; width: 100%; padding-left: 5px;\"><b><i>Reference: <\/i><\/b><a href=\"http:\/\/plumbr.eu\/blog\/running-out-of-memory-without-the-outofmemoryerror\">Running out of memory without the OutOfMemoryError<\/a> from our <a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/jcg\">JCG partner<\/a>\u00a0Ivo M\u00e4gi at the <a href=\"http:\/\/plumbr.eu\/blog\">Plumbr Blog<\/a> blog.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is actually a reincarnation of a post originally posted in ~2010. The flashback occurred when listening to our engineers cursing at a particularly nasty bug raising its head yesterday. When the cursing stopped, I stepped by to verify my doubts. Lo and behold, I was correct \u2013 the mood swing was caused by an &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":328,"featured_media":112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[207],"class_list":["post-18521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-java","tag-jvm"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Running out of memory without the OutOfMemoryError<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This is actually a reincarnation of a post originally posted in ~2010. 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