{"id":18379,"date":"2013-10-23T00:13:50","date_gmt":"2013-10-22T21:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=18379"},"modified":"2019-12-09T21:37:11","modified_gmt":"2019-12-09T19:37:11","slug":"jsf-tomcat-configuration-example","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/2013\/10\/jsf-tomcat-configuration-example.html","title":{"rendered":"JSF Tomcat Configuration Example"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><code>JavaServer Faces (JSF)<\/code> is a  web application framework that is intended to simplify development integration of web-based user interfaces. It is used for developing and building server side User Interface Components and using them in a web application. JSF technology is based on the <code>Model-View-Controller (MVC)<\/code> architecture and simplifies the construction of user interfaces (UI) for server-based applications by using reusable UI components in a page. The JSF specification defines a set of standard UI components and provides an API for developing such components. It also enables the reuse and extension of the existing standard UI components.<\/p>\n<p>In this example we will configure JSF with <a href=\"http:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tomcat<\/a> application server. We shall create a simple project using the JSF and we will deploy it in tomcat server.<\/p>\n<p>Our preferred development environment is <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eclipse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eclipse<\/a>. We are using Eclipse Juno (4.2) version, along with <a href=\"http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maven<\/a> Integration plugin version 3.1.0. You can download Eclipse from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eclipse.org\/downloads\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a> and Maven Plugin for Eclipse from <a href=\"http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/eclipse-plugin.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>. The installation of Maven plugin for Eclipse is out of the scope of this tutorial and will not be discussed. We are also using JDK 7_u_21. <a href=\"http:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/download-70.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tomcat 7<\/a> is the application server used.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s begin,<\/p>\n<h2>1. Create a new Maven project<\/h2>\n<p>Go to File -&gt; Project -&gt;Maven -&gt; Maven Project.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/New-Maven-Project.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4341\" alt=\"New-Maven-Project\" src=\"https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/New-Maven-Project.png\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In the &#8220;Select project name and location&#8221; page of the wizard, make sure that &#8220;Create a simple project (skip archetype selection)&#8221; option is <strong>unchecked<\/strong>, hit &#8220;Next&#8221; to continue with default values.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/new-project.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/new-project.png\" alt=\"new project\" width=\"602\" height=\"547\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/new-project.png 602w, https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/new-project-300x272.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Here the maven archetype for creating a web application must be added. Click on <strong>&#8220;Add Archetype&#8221;<\/strong> and add the archetype. Set the &#8220;Archetype Group Id&#8221; variable to <code>\"org.apache.maven.archetypes\"<\/code>, the &#8220;Archetype artifact Id&#8221; variable to <code>\"maven-archetype-webapp\"<\/code> and the &#8220;Archetype Version&#8221; to <code>\"1.0\"<\/code>. Click on <strong>&#8220;OK&#8221;<\/strong> to continue.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/maven-archetype-webapp.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/maven-archetype-webapp.png\" alt=\"maven-archetype-webapp\" width=\"660\" height=\"549\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/maven-archetype-webapp.png 660w, https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/maven-archetype-webapp-300x249.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In the &#8220;Enter an artifact id&#8221; page of the wizard, you can define the name and main package of your project. Set the &#8220;Group Id&#8221; variable to <code>\"com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise\"<\/code> and the &#8220;Artifact Id&#8221; variable to <code>\"jsfexample\"<\/code>. The aforementioned selections compose the main project package as <code>\"com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise.jsfexample\"<\/code> and the project name as <code>\"jsfexample\"<\/code>. Set the &#8220;Package&#8221; variable to <code>\"war\"<\/code>, so that a war file will be created to be deployed to tomcat server. Hit &#8220;Finish&#8221; to exit the wizard and to create your project.<div style=\"display:inline-block; margin: 15px 0;\"> <div id=\"adngin-JavaCodeGeeks_incontent_video-0\" style=\"display:inline-block;\"><\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexample-project.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexample-project.png\" alt=\"jsfexample-project\" width=\"657\" height=\"542\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexample-project.png 657w, https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexample-project-300x247.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The Maven project structure is shown below:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexamplelolders.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexamplelolders.png\" alt=\"jsfexamplelolders\" width=\"404\" height=\"368\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexamplelolders.png 404w, https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsfexamplelolders-300x273.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>It consists of the following folders:<\/p>\n<li>\/src\/main\/java folder, that contains source files for the dynamic content of the application,<\/li>\n<li>\/src\/test\/java folder contains all source files for unit tests,<\/li>\n<li>\/src\/main\/resources folder contains configurations files,<\/li>\n<li>\/target folder contains the compiled and packaged deliverables,<\/li>\n<li>\/src\/main\/resources\/webapp\/WEB-INF folder contains the deployment descriptors for the Web application ,<\/li>\n<li>the pom.xml is the project object model (POM) file. The single file that contains all project related configuration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. Add JSF dependencies<\/h2>\n<p>Add the dependencies in Maven\u2019s <code>pom.xml<\/code> file, by editing it at the &#8220;Pom.xml&#8221; page of the POM editor. The dependencies needed for JSF are the ones shown below:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>pom.xml<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:xml\">&lt;project xmlns=\"http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/POM\/4.0.0\" xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\"\n\txsi:schemaLocation=\"http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/POM\/4.0.0 http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/maven-v4_0_0.xsd\"&gt;\n\t&lt;modelVersion&gt;4.0.0&lt;\/modelVersion&gt;\n\t&lt;groupId&gt;com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n\t&lt;artifactId&gt;jsfexample&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n\t&lt;packaging&gt;war&lt;\/packaging&gt;\n\t&lt;version&gt;0.0.1-SNAPSHOT&lt;\/version&gt;\n\t&lt;name&gt;jsfexample Maven Webapp&lt;\/name&gt;\n\t&lt;url&gt;http:\/\/maven.apache.org&lt;\/url&gt;\n\t&lt;build&gt;\n\t\t&lt;finalName&gt;jsfexample&lt;\/finalName&gt;\n\t&lt;\/build&gt;\n\t&lt;dependencies&gt;\n\t\t&lt;dependency&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;groupId&gt;junit&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;artifactId&gt;junit&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;version&gt;3.8.1&lt;\/version&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;scope&gt;test&lt;\/scope&gt;\n\t\t&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n\t\t&lt;dependency&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;groupId&gt;com.sun.faces&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;artifactId&gt;jsf-api&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;version&gt;2.1.13&lt;\/version&gt;\n\t\t&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n\t\t&lt;dependency&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;groupId&gt;com.sun.faces&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;artifactId&gt;jsf-impl&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;version&gt;2.1.13&lt;\/version&gt;\n\t\t&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n\t\t&lt;dependency&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;groupId&gt;javax.servlet&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;artifactId&gt;javax.servlet-api&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n\t\t\t&lt;version&gt;3.0.1&lt;\/version&gt;\n\t\t&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n\t&lt;\/dependencies&gt;\n&lt;\/project&gt;\n<\/pre>\n<h2>3. Create a Managed Bean<\/h2>\n<p>The basic data elements when using a JSF application are the Managed Beans. Managed beans are simple Java objects (POJO&#8217;s) which can be used in an JSF application. They contain <code>getter<\/code> and <code>setter<\/code> methods, business logic or even a backing bean. They are accessed from a JSF page. They can be easily registered using annotations.<\/p>\n<p><code>HelloWorldBean.java<\/code> class is a simple java Bean. It has a String property and <code>getter<\/code> and <code>setter<\/code> method. The <code>@ManagedBean<\/code> annotation marks it to be a managed bean with the name <code>helloWorldBean<\/code> that is specified in <code>name<\/code> attribute. The bean is also annotated as <code>@RequestScoped<\/code>. This means that it lives as long as the HTTP request-response lives. It is created upon an HTTP request and gets destroyed when the HTTP response associated with the HTTP request is finished. In the <code>init()<\/code> method of the bean we set a String value to its property.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>HelloWorldBean.java<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java\">package com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise.jsf.servlet;\n\nimport javax.annotation.PostConstruct;\nimport javax.faces.bean.ManagedBean;\nimport javax.faces.bean.RequestScoped;\n\n@ManagedBean(name=\"helloWorldBean\")\n@RequestScoped\npublic class HelloWorldBean {\n\tprivate String msg;\n\n\tpublic String getMsg() {\n\t\treturn msg;\n\t}\n\tpublic void setMsg(String msg) {\n\t\tthis.msg = msg;\n\t}\n\t@PostConstruct\n\tprivate void init() {\n\n\t\tmsg = \"Hello World!! JFS example.. \";\n\t}\n\n}\n<\/pre>\n<h2>4. Create a view file<\/h2>\n<p>The <code>index.xhtml<\/code> file is placed under <code>\/webapp<\/code> folder. It contains the <code>View<\/code> part of the JSF application. In order to access the values of the managed bean via value binding, JSF allows us to use <code>EL<\/code> expressions. We do not need to use the <code>get()<\/code> or <code>set()<\/code> method to get\/set a variable&#8217;s value, but just the variable name. <code>JSF EL<\/code> expressions are of the type <code>#{...}<\/code>. Here, we are using such an expression to get the value of the managed bean&#8217;s property. It is set in a <code>h:outputText<\/code> tag, that renders the value as HTML text.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>index.xhtml<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:xml\">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;\n&lt;html xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\"\n\txmlns:f=\"http:\/\/java.sun.com\/jsf\/core\"\n\txmlns:h=\"http:\/\/java.sun.com\/jsf\/html\"&gt;\n\n&lt;h:head&gt;\n\t&lt;title&gt;JavaCodeGeeks&lt;\/title&gt;\n&lt;\/h:head&gt;\n&lt;h:body&gt;\n\t&lt;h:outputText value=\"#{helloWorldBean.msg}\" \/&gt;\n&lt;\/h:body&gt;\n&lt;\/html&gt;\n<\/pre>\n<h2>5. Configure web.xml<\/h2>\n<p>In a web application the <code>web.xml<\/code> file is the file that defines everything about the application that a server needs to know. Servlets and other components like filters or listeners, initialization parameters, container-managed security constraints, resources, welcome pages, etc are set here. In a JFS application we need to define in <code>web.xml<\/code> file the <code>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet<\/code>, that is the class responsible for handling JSF applications. <code>FacesServlet<\/code> is the central controller for the JSF application. It receives all requests for the JSF application and initializes the JSF components before the JSP is displayed. So, <code>web.xml<\/code> file has an entry that defines the <code>FacesServlet<\/code>. It is the <code>servlet<\/code> entry. It also has a <code>servlet-mapping<\/code> entry in order to map all requests whose URL ends with <code>.xhtml<\/code> to be handled by the servlet.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>web.xml<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:xml\">&lt;?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?&gt;\n&lt;web-app xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\"\n\txmlns=\"http:\/\/java.sun.com\/xml\/ns\/javaee\" xmlns:web=\"http:\/\/java.sun.com\/xml\/ns\/javaee\/web-app_2_5.xsd\"\n\txsi:schemaLocation=\"http:\/\/java.sun.com\/xml\/ns\/javaee \n\thttp:\/\/java.sun.com\/xml\/ns\/javaee\/web-app_3_0.xsd\"\n\tid=\"WebApp_ID\" version=\"3.0\"&gt;\n\t&lt;display-name&gt;jsfexample&lt;\/display-name&gt;\n\t&lt;servlet&gt;\n\t\t&lt;servlet-name&gt;faces&lt;\/servlet-name&gt;\n\t\t&lt;servlet-class&gt;javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet&lt;\/servlet-class&gt;\n\t\t&lt;load-on-startup&gt;1&lt;\/load-on-startup&gt;\n\t&lt;\/servlet&gt;\n\t&lt;servlet-mapping&gt;\n\t\t&lt;servlet-name&gt;faces&lt;\/servlet-name&gt;\n\t\t&lt;url-pattern&gt;*.xhtml&lt;\/url-pattern&gt;\n\t&lt;\/servlet-mapping&gt;\n\n&lt;\/web-app&gt;\n<\/pre>\n<h2>6. Run the application<\/h2>\n<p>In order to run the application we need to build the project with Maven. The <code>war<\/code> file produced must be placed in <code>webapps<\/code> folder of tomcat. Then, we can hit on :<\/p>\n<p><code>localhost:8080\/jsfexample\/index.xhtml<\/code><\/p>\n<p>on a browser, and the result is the one shown below:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsftomcat.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsftomcat.png\" alt=\"jsftomcat\" width=\"683\" height=\"459\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsftomcat.png 683w, https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/jsftomcat-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nThis was an example of how to configure JSF in tomcat application server.<br \/>\nDownload the Eclipse project of this tutorial : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/JSFTomcatExample.zip\">JSFTomcatExample.zip<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a web application framework that is intended to simplify development integration of web-based user interfaces. It is used for developing and building server side User Interface Components and using them in a web application. JSF technology is based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture and simplifies the construction of user interfaces (UI) &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":472,"featured_media":174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[32,293],"class_list":["post-18379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-java","tag-apache-tomcat","tag-jsf"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>JSF Tomcat Configuration Example - Java Code Geeks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a web application framework that is intended to simplify development integration of web-based user interfaces. 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