{"id":16176,"date":"2013-08-05T16:00:09","date_gmt":"2013-08-05T13:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=16176"},"modified":"2013-08-05T10:20:40","modified_gmt":"2013-08-05T07:20:40","slug":"a-simple-plugin-system-for-web-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/2013\/08\/a-simple-plugin-system-for-web-applications.html","title":{"rendered":"A Simple Plugin System for Web Applications"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We need to make multiple web-based projects with a lot of shared functionality. For that, some sort of a plugin system would be a good option (as an alternative to copy-pasting stuff). Some frameworks (like grails) have the option to make web plugins, but most don\u2019t, so something custom-made is to be implemented.<\/p>\n<p>First, let\u2019s define what is the required functionality. The \u201cplugin\u201d:<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>should be included simply by importing via maven\/ivy<\/li>\n<li>should register all classes (either automatically, or via a one-line configuration) in a dependency injection container, if one is used<\/li>\n<li>should be vertical \u2013 i.e. contain all files, from javascript, css and templates, through controllers, to service layer classes<\/li>\n<li>should not require complex configuration that needs to be copy-pasted from project to project<\/li>\n<li>should allow easy development and debugging without redeployment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The java classes are put into a jar file and added to the lib directory, therefore to the classpath, so that\u2019s the easy part. But we need to get the web resources extracted to the respective locations, where they can be used by the rest of the code. There are three general approaches to that: build-time extraction, runtime extraction and runtime loading from the classpath.<\/p>\n<p>The last approach would require a controller (or servlet) that loads the resources from the classpath (the respective jar), cache them, and serve them. That has a couple of significant drawbacks, one of which is that being in a jar, they can\u2019t be easily replaced during development. Working with classpath resources is also tricky, as you don\u2019t know the names of the files in advance.<div style=\"display:inline-block; margin: 15px 0;\"> <div id=\"adngin-JavaCodeGeeks_incontent_video-0\" style=\"display:inline-block;\"><\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n<p>The other two approaches are very similar. Grails, for example, uses the build-time extraction \u2013 the plugin is a zip file, containing all the needed resources, and they are extracted to the respective locations while the project is built. This is fine, but it would require a little more configuration (maven, in our case), which would also probably have to be copied over from project to project.<\/p>\n<p>So we picked the runtime extraction approach. It happens on startup \u2013 when the application is loaded, a startup listener of some sort (a spring components with @PostConstruct in our case) iterates through all jar files in the lib folder, and extracts the files from a specific folder (e.g. \u201cweb\u201d). So, the structure of the jar file looks like this:<\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">com\r\n   company\r\n      pkg\r\n         Foo.class\r\n         Bar.class\r\nweb\r\n   plugin-name\r\n       css\r\n           main.css\r\n       js\r\n          foo.js\r\n          bar.js\r\n       images\r\n          logo.png\r\n       views\r\n          foo.jsp\r\n          bar.jsp<\/pre>\n<p>The end-result is that on after the application is started, you get all the needed web resources accessible from the application, so you can include them in the pages (views) of your main application.<\/p>\n<p>And the code that does the extraction is rather simple (using zip4j for the zip part). This can be a servlet context listener, rather than a spring bean \u2013 it doesn\u2019t make any difference.<\/p>\n<pre class=\" brush:java\">\/**\r\n * Component that locates modules (in the form of jar files) and extracts their web elements, if any, on startup\r\n *\r\n * @author Bozhidar\r\n *\/\r\n@Component\r\npublic class ModuleExtractor {\r\n\r\n\tprivate static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ModuleExtractor.class);\r\n\r\n\t@Inject\r\n\tprivate ServletContext ctx;\r\n\r\n\t@SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\")\r\n\t@PostConstruct\r\n\tpublic void init() {\r\n\t\tFile lib = new File(ctx.getRealPath(\"\/WEB-INF\/lib\"));\r\n\t\tFile[] jars = lib.listFiles();\r\n\t\tString targetPath = ctx.getRealPath(\"\/\");\r\n\t\tString viewPath = \"\/WEB-INF\/views\"; \/\/that can be made configurable\r\n\t\tfor (File jar : jars) {\r\n\t\t\ttry {\r\n\t\t\t\tZipFile file = new ZipFile(jar);\r\n\t\t\t\tfor (FileHeader header : (List&lt;FileHeader&gt;) file.getFileHeaders()) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif (header.getFileName().startsWith(\"web\/\") &amp;&amp; !fileExists(header)) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\/\/ extract views in WEB-INF (inaccessible to the outside world)\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\/\/ all other files are extracted in the root of the application\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif (header.getFileName().contains(\"\/views\/\")) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfile.extractFile(header, targetPath + viewPath);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfile.extractFile(header, targetPath);\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t} catch (ZipException ex) {\r\n\t\t\t\tlogger.warn(\"Error opening jar file and looking for a web-module in: \" + jar, ex);\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\tprivate boolean fileExists(FileHeader header) {\r\n\t\treturn new File(ctx.getRealPath(header.getFileName())).exists();\r\n\t}\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>So, in order to make a plugin, you just make a maven project with jar packaging, and add it as dependency to your main project, everything else is taken care of. You might need to register the <code>ModuleExtractor<\/code> if classpath scanning for beans is not enabled (or you choose to make it a listener), but that\u2019s it.<\/p>\n<p>Note: this solution doesn\u2019t aim to be a full-featured plugin system that solves all problems. It doesn\u2019t support versioning, submodules, etc. That\u2019s why the title is \u201csimple\u201d. But you can do many things with it, and it\u2019s has a very low complexity.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #D8D8D8; background: #FAFAFA; width: 100%; padding-left: 5px;\"><b><i>Reference: <\/i><\/b><a href=\"http:\/\/techblog.bozho.net\/?p=1190\">A Simple Plugin System for Web Applications<\/a> from our <a href=\"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/jcg\">JCG partner<\/a> Bozhidar Bozhanov at the <a href=\"http:\/\/techblog.bozho.net\/\">Bozho&#8217;s tech blog<\/a> blog.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We need to make multiple web-based projects with a lot of shared functionality. For that, some sort of a plugin system would be a good option (as an alternative to copy-pasting stuff). Some frameworks (like grails) have the option to make web plugins, but most don\u2019t, so something custom-made is to be implemented. First, let\u2019s &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-java"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A Simple Plugin System for Web Applications<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We need to make multiple web-based projects with a lot of shared functionality. 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