{"id":13339,"date":"2013-05-29T16:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-05-29T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=13339"},"modified":"2013-11-11T11:02:38","modified_gmt":"2013-11-11T09:02:38","slug":"java-ee-cdi-dependency-injection-inject-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/2013\/05\/java-ee-cdi-dependency-injection-inject-tutorial.html","title":{"rendered":"Java EE CDI Dependency Injection (@Inject) tutorial"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this tutorial we shall show you how to achieve Dependency Injection in CDI managed Beans. In particular, we shall make use of the @Inject<\/code> annotation provided by the CDI API to inject a CDI bean to another bean. In this way the bean can be used in an application, such as a JavaServer Faces application. <\/p>\n

CDI provides several ways to inject a bean to an application. We can inject a CDI bean, using the Field Dependency Injection, the Constructor Dependency Injection, or the Dependency Injection through the setter<\/code> method. We can also inject arguments of producer methods, but this is out of the scope of this tutorial. Let’s examine all the injection ways provided by CDI: <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. Field Dependency Injection<\/h2>\n

The easiest way to inject a CDI bean is to add the @Inject<\/code> annotation in the property to be injected. Let’s take a look at the example below. The GreetingBean<\/code> has an @Inject<\/code> annotated field, which is the helloBean<\/code>. In this way another bean, the HelloBean<\/code> is injected into the GreetingBean<\/code>.<\/p>\n

\r\npackage com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise.cdibeans;\r\n\r\nimport javax.inject.Inject;\r\n\r\npublic class GreetingBean {\r\n\r\n\t@Inject \r\n\tprivate HelloBean helloBean;\r\n\t\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
2. Constructor Dependency Injection<\/h2>\n
When a CDI bean is initialized, the container will use its default constructor. When there is another constructor annotated with the @Inject<\/code> annotation, then the container will automatically use this constructor instead, and in this way the argument passed in the constructor will be injected in the bean. A thing to notice here is that we can only have one constructor injection point. If we create another @Inject<\/code> annotated constructor, the behaviour of the container is unpredictable. 
 
<\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n
In the code snippet below the GreetingBean<\/code> has a constructor annotated with the @Inject<\/code> annotation and with an argument, that is another bean, HelloBean<\/code>. In this way the injection is achieved. <\/p>\n
\r\npackage com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise.cdibeans;\r\n\r\nimport javax.inject.Inject;\r\n\r\npublic class GreetingBean {\r\n\r\n\t private final HelloBean helloBean;\r\n\r\n\t  @Inject\r\n\t  public GreetingBean(HelloBean helloBean){\r\n\t    this.helloBean = helloBean;\r\n\t  }\r\n\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
3. Dependency Injection through the setter method <\/h2>\n
In the example below, the setHelloBean(HelloBean helloBean)<\/code> method is annotated with the @Inject<\/code> annotation. Thus, when the GreetingBean<\/code> is initialized by the container the method will be invoked since it is @Inject<\/code> annotated and the HelloBean<\/code> will be injected. <\/p>\n
\r\npackage com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise.cdibeans;\r\n\r\nimport javax.inject.Inject;\r\n\r\npublic class GreetingBean {\r\n\r\n\t private HelloBean helloBean;\r\n\r\n\t @Inject\r\n\t  public void setHelloBean(HelloBean helloBean) {\r\n\t    this.helloBean = helloBean;\r\n\t  }\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
4. Use of  the @Any qualifier<\/h2>\n
The @Any<\/code> qualifier can be used when we have multiple implementations of one interface and we want to inject them all in another bean. Using this annotation the container will inject all implementations of the specified interface. It is used with the javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<\/code> interface provided by the CDI API, as shown in the code snippet below:<\/p>\n
\r\npackage com.javacodegeeks.snippets.enterprise.cdibeans;\r\n\r\nimport javax.enterprise.inject.Any;\r\nimport javax.enterprise.inject.Instance;\r\nimport javax.inject.Inject;\r\n\r\npublic class GreetingBean {\r\n\r\n\t@Inject\r\n\tpublic void getAllBeanImplementations(@Any Instance<HelloBean> beans) {\r\n\r\n\t\tfor (HelloBean helloBean : beans) {\r\n\t\t\tSystem.out.println(helloBean.getClass().getCanonicalName());\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\t}\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
Here we must notice that if there are multiple dependencies that satisfy an injection point and we will not make use of the @Any<\/code> qualifier, but try to inject one instead, then the container will fail.<\/p>\n
5. Use of proxies to implement an injection<\/h2>\n
In order to inject a managed bean into another bean, (apart form the @Dependent<\/code> annotated beans) the CDI container will not pass a reference to the injected bean itself but will instead pass a reference to a proxy. The proxy handles all calls to the injected bean transparently. For example, when we inject a SessionScoped<\/code> bean to an ApplicationScoped<\/code> bean and many clients access the ApplicationScopedBean<\/code>, then the proxies are used to handle the calls to the injected beans. Each proxy is able to redirect the call to the correct bean. <\/p>\n
Finally, note that a CDI proxy is created by extending the bean class and overriding all non pivate methods. Primitive types cannot be injected. The bean class must have a non-private default constructor and must not be final nor have final methods.
\n 
\nThis was a tutorial of Dependency Injection in CDI managed Beans, using the @Inject<\/code> annotation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In this tutorial we shall show you how to achieve Dependency Injection in CDI managed Beans. In particular, we shall make use of the @Inject annotation provided by the CDI API to inject a CDI bean to another bean. In this way the bean can be used in an application, such as a JavaServer Faces …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":472,"featured_media":112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[290,289],"class_list":["post-13339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-java","tag-cdi","tag-java-ee6"],"yoast_head":"\nJava EE CDI Dependency Injection (@Inject) tutorial<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this tutorial we shall show you how to achieve Dependency Injection in CDI managed Beans. 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