{"id":11245,"date":"2013-04-16T10:00:23","date_gmt":"2013-04-16T07:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=11245"},"modified":"2013-04-16T09:57:09","modified_gmt":"2013-04-16T06:57:09","slug":"there-is-no-application-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/2013\/04\/there-is-no-application-server.html","title":{"rendered":"There is no application server"},"content":{"rendered":"

We have recently posted data<\/a> about application server market share we gathered from the free Plumbr<\/a> deployments. And it resonated well \u2013 via different channels we got hundreds of comments and opinions on how to interpret the data. But one of the arguments in its different forms was constantly being made through every channel. Whether it took the form of \u201cTomcat is not an application server<\/em>\u201d or \u201cThis data is irrelevant as it is not focused on real application servers such as Weblogic<\/a> or WebSphere<\/a><\/em>\u201d, it just kept surfacing. It made us wonder \u2013 why does Java community have so different opinion about what actually is an application server. So we decided to shed some light upon the issue. Looking into the most obvious source \u2013 namely Wikipedia<\/a> \u2013 and things did not look too bad:
\n <\/p>\n

\n

An application server can be either a software framework that provides a generalized approach to creating an application-server implementation, without regard to what the application functions are, or the server portion of a specific implementation instance. In either case, the server\u2019s function is dedicated to the efficient execution of procedures (programs, routines, scripts) for supporting its applied applications.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

So far, so good. Apparently anything can be an application server based on the Wikipedia definition. But when we tried to find an official definition for a Java EE application server, things got a bit more interesting.<\/p>\n

If you dig under the hood of the Java EE specification<\/a>, you discover that neither Sun<\/a> back in the days nor Oracle<\/a> is using the term \u201cApplication server\u201d in the official specifications. Instead, the term \u201cContainer\u201d is used throughout the materials. The containers must support different specifications, such as JMS<\/a>, JTA<\/a>, JSP<\/a> to warrant that the applications are portable across different implementations.

<\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n

Next important fact \u2013 until Java EE 5 the only way Sun<\/a>\/Oracle<\/a> acknowledged your product to be officially Java EE compliant was to implement the whole specification. This led to large and monolithic \u201centerprise grade\u201d products, such as the infamous Websphere and Weblogic in mid-2000\u2019s. As a result, more and more people flocked away from the close-to-impossible to use beasts and started using something a bit more humane such as Tomcat<\/a> or Jetty<\/a>. Surprisingly the vendors of those products could not care less for the official specification, but instead focused on providing good tools for the job at hand. So the specification committee finally surrendered and broke down the specification.<\/p>\n

This breakdown in Java EE 6 is known as Java EE profiles. Java EE 6 specification makes it possible for container vendors to choose whether they wish to implement a subset of the specification to get Web Profile certification or aim for the Full Profile and implement all the specifications. The specifications mandatory in corresponding profiles are described in the following table:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Full Java EE 6.0 implementation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Web Profile<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Servlet 3.0<\/td>\nJSP 2.2<\/td>\nEL 2.2<\/td>\nEJB 3.1<\/td>\nJMS 1.1<\/td>\nJavaMail 1.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JSR-45 1.0<\/td>\nJSTL 1.2<\/td>\nJSRF 2.0<\/td>\nConnector 1.6<\/td>\nWebServices 1.3<\/td>\nJAX-RPC 1.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Common Annotations 1.1<\/td>\nEJB 3.1 Lite<\/td>\nJTA 1.1<\/td>\nJAX-WS 2.2<\/td>\nJAX-RS 1.1<\/td>\nJAXB 2.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JPA 2.0<\/td>\nBean Validation 1.0<\/td>\nManaged Beans 1.0<\/td>\nJAXR 1.0<\/td>\nJava EE Management 1.1<\/td>\nJava EE Deployment 1.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Interceptors 1.0<\/td>\nJSR 299 1.0<\/td>\nDependency Injection 1.0<\/td>\nJACC 1.4<\/td>\nJASPIC 1.0<\/td>\nWebServicesMetadata 2.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

So if you desire to build your very own full Java EE implementation, you\u2019d better be provide implementations to all the 30 acronyms in this list. As this is by no means cheap or easy task, then at the time of posting this article, only the following application servers were officially certified<\/a> by Oracle on Java EE 6:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Full Profile<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oracle Glassfish 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IBM WebShpere 8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IBM WebSphere CE 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oracle Weblogic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JBoss AS 7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Apache Geronimo 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hitachi uCosminexus Application Server 9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fujitsu Interstage Application Server 10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TMAX JEUS 7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Web Profile<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oracle Glassfish 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Caucho Resin 4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Apache TomEE 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JBoss AS 7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Apache Geronimo 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sap NetWeaver<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JOnAS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 
\n <\/p>\n

If we now compare this list against the most popular application servers<\/a>, we find that 66% of our user base is happily running on products such as Tomcat and Jetty which are nowhere in sight in the officially certified container list. But we still think both of them make an excellent and easy to use platform for your applications. So \u2013 formally there is no such thing as Java EE Application Server. Instead of this we have Java EE containers, which if the vendor desires can apply for official certification in any of the profiles. And you can definitely have your own cute application server implementing just Servlet specification and leaving out everything else. You are just not eligible to official certification in this case.
\n <\/p>\n

Reference: <\/i><\/b>There is no application server<\/a> from our JCG partner<\/a> Nikita Salnikov-Tarnovski at the Plumbr Blog<\/a> blog.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

We have recently posted data about application server market share we gathered from the free Plumbr deployments. And it resonated well \u2013 via different channels we got hundreds of comments and opinions on how to interpret the data. But one of the arguments in its different forms was constantly being made through every channel. Whether …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":328,"featured_media":112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-java"],"yoast_head":"\nThere is no application server<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We have recently posted data about application server market share we gathered from the free Plumbr deployments. 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