Sign in

Bihar Assembly Election 2025

All the key information on the assembly polls in Bihar: Data, past results, major trends and more

AI SummaryElection Snapshots

bihar
  • Seats:243
  • SC, ST reserved:38, 2
  • Voters:7.4 crore (Sept 30, 2025)
  • Male, female:3.9 crore, 3.5 crore (rounded off)
  • 2025 poll dates:Nov 6 & 11
  • 2025 result date:Nov 14
  • 2020 winning party/alliance:NDA (BJP, JDU+) with 125 seats
  • 2020 largest party:RJD with 75 seats
  • Seat/Vote share over time
  • Turnout over time
Results by Year
Year :
2020
Note: ECI data for assembly elections held in Bihar after Jharkhand was carved out

Past results of Bihar assembly elections

YEAR :
2020
search-icon
Assembly segmentWinnerVote share (%)Victory margin (%)Runner-upRunner-up vote share (%)
ValmikinagarDhirendra Pratap Singh alias Rinku SinghJDU38.3211.04Rajesh SinghINC27.28
Ramnagar Bhagirathi DeviBJP39.578.29Rajesh RamINC31.28
NarkatiaganjRashmi VarmaBJP45.8512.83Vinay VermaINC33.02
BagahaRam SinghBJP49.5116.51Jayesh Manglam SinghINC33.00
LauriyaVinay BihariBJP49.4818.42Shambhu TiwariRJD31.06
NautanNarayan PrasadBJP46.9715.46Sheikh Mohammad KamranINC31.51
ChanpatiaUmakant SinghBJP47.697.66Abhishek RanjanINC40.03
BettiahRenu DeviBJP52.8311.3Madan Mohan TiwariINC41.53
SiktaBirendra Prasad GuptaCPI(ML)-L28.851.35Dilip VermaIndependent27.50
RaxaulPramod Kumar SinhaBJP45.6020.79Rambabu Prasad YadavINC24.81
SugauliShashi Bhushan SinghRJD38.262.02Ramchandra SahniVIP36.24
NarkatiaShamim AhmadRJD46.6915.16Shyam Bihari PrasadJDU31.53
Harsidhi Krishnanandan PaswanBJP49.719.21Kumar Nagendra BihariRJD40.50
GovindganjSunil Mani TiwariBJP43.2218.41Brajesh KumarINC24.81
KesariaShalini MishraJDU26.596.1Santosh KushwahaRJD20.49
Kalyanpur (East Champaran)Manoj Kumar YadavRJD45.350.74Sachindra Pratap SinghBJP44.61
Pipra (East Champaran)Shyambabu Prasad YadavBJP44.184.08Rajmangal PrasadCPI(M)40.10
MadhubanRana RandhirBJP47.693.83Madan PrasadRJD43.86
MotihariPramod KumarBJP49.447.81Om Prakash ChaudharyRJD41.63
ChiraiyaLal Babu Prasad GuptaBJP37.6210.09Achchhe Lal Prasad YadavRJD27.53
DhakaPawan Kumar JaiswalBJP48.014.86Faisal RahmanRJD43.15
SheoharChetan AnandRJD42.6921.41SharfuddinJDU21.28
RigaMoti Lal PrasadBJP53.0718.11Amit KumarINC34.96
Bathnaha Anil KumarBJP54.1527.36Sanjay RamINC26.79
PariharGaytri DeviBJP42.520.91Ritu JaiswalRJD41.61
SursandDilip RayJDU38.635.1Syed Abu DojanaRJD33.53
BajpattiMukesh Kumar YadavRJD40.211.52Ranju GeetaJDU38.69
SitamarhiMithilesh KumarBJP49.906.35Sunil KumarRJD43.55
RunnisaidpurPankaj Kumar MishraJDU47.9616.13Mangita DeviRJD31.83
BelsandSanjay Kumar GuptaRJD35.719.84Sunita Singh ChauhanJDU25.87
HarlakhiSudhanshu ShekharJDU36.1010.52Ram Naresh PandeyCPI25.58
BenipattiVinod Narayan JhaBJP50.6320.96Bhawana JhaINC29.67
KhajauliArun Shankar PrasadBJP44.5112.14Sitaram YadavRJD32.37
BabubarhiMina KumariJDU40.396Umakant YadavRJD34.39
BisfiHaribhushan Thakur 'Bachaul'BJP48.435.73Faiyaz AhmadRJD42.70
MadhubaniSamir Kumar MahasethRJD38.003.63Suman Kumar MahasethVIP34.37
Rajnagar Ram Prit PaswanBJP51.4210.99Ramawatar PaswanRJD40.43
JhanjharpurNitish MishraBJP52.4723.11Ram Narayan YadavCPI29.36
PhulparasSheela KumariJDU41.266.02Kripanath PathakINC35.24
LaukahaBharat Bhushan MandalRJD37.574.82Lakshmeshwar RaiJDU32.75
NirmaliAniruddha Prasad YadavJDU49.3323.44Yaduwansh Kumar YadavRJD25.89
Pipra (Supaul)Rambilash KamatJDU45.3510.59Vishwa Mohan KumarRJD34.76
SupaulBijendra Prasad YadavJDU50.2016.37Minnatullah RahmaniINC33.83
Triveniganj Veena BhartiJDU44.841.71Santosh KumarRJD43.13
ChhatapurNeeraj Kumar SinghBJP46.3910.21Vipin Kumar SinghRJD36.18
NarpatganjJai Prakash YadavBJP49.0614.27Anil Kumar YadavRJD34.79
Raniganj Achmit RishidevJDU44.121.24Avinash MangalamRJD42.88
ForbesganjVidya Sagar KeshariBJP49.539.55Zakir Hussain KhanINC39.98
ArariaAbidur RahmanINC54.8425.51Shagufta AzimJDU29.33
JokihatShahnawazAIMIM34.224.24Sarfaraz AlamRJD29.98
SiktiVijay Kumar MandalBJP46.927.59Shatrughan Prasad SumanRJD39.33
BahadurganjMohammad Anzar NayeemiAIMIM49.7726.21Lakhan Lal PanditVIP23.56
ThakurganjSaud AlamRJD41.4812.4Gopal Kumar AggarwalIndependent29.08
KishanganjIjaharul HusainINC34.200.78Sweety SinghBJP33.42
KochadhamanMuhammed Izhar AsfiAIMIM49.4522.37Mujahid AlamJDU27.08
AmourAkhtarul ImanAIMIM51.1728.45Saba ZafarJDU22.72
BaisiSyed Ruknuddin AhmadAIMIM38.279.16Vinod KumarBJP29.11
KasbaAfaque AlamINC41.129.18Pradeep Kumar DasLJP31.94
Banmankhi Krishna Kumar RishiBJP51.7415.33Upendra SharmaRJD36.41
RupauliBima BhartiJDU34.5210.37Shankar SinghLJP24.15
DhamdahaLeshi SinghJDU48.5016.79Dilip Kumar YadavRJD31.71
PurniaVijay Kumar KhemkaBJP52.7817.36Indu SinhaINC35.42
KatiharTarkishore PrasadBJP48.476.17Ram Prakash MahtoRJD42.30
KadwaShakeel Ahmad KhanINC42.0019.1Chandra Bhushan ThakurLJP22.90
BalrampurMahboob AlamCPI(ML)-L51.1126.22Barun Kumar JhaVIP24.89
PranpurNisha SinghBJP39.971.49Tauquir AlamINC38.48
Manihari Manohar Prasad SinghINC45.8111.7Shambhu Kumar SumanJDU34.11
BarariBijay SinghJDU41.712.71Neeraj KumarRJD39.00
Korha Kavita DeviBJP53.3114.75Punam KumariINC38.56
AlamnagarNarendra Narayan YadavJDU48.1713.48Nabin KumarRJD34.69
BihariganjNiranjan Kumar MehtaJDU43.6310.02Subhashini Raj RaoINC33.61
Singheshwar Chandrahas ChaupalRJD45.132.92Ramesh RishidevJDU42.21
MadhepuraChandra ShekharRJD39.247.41Nikhil MandalJDU31.83
Sonbarsha Ratnesh SadaJDU40.208Tarni RishidevINC32.20
SaharsaAlok RanjanBJP45.598.66Lovely AnandRJD36.93
Simri BakhtiarpurYusuf SalahuddinRJD38.480.9Mukesh SahniVIP37.58
MahishiGunjeshwar SahJDU37.830.93Gautam KrishnaRJD36.90
Kusheshwar Asthan Shashibhushan HajariJDU39.555.29Ashok KumarINC34.26
Gaura BauramSwarna SinghVIP41.265.05Afzal Ali KhanRJD36.21
BenipurBinay Kumar ChoudharyJDU37.584.03Mithilesh Kumar ChaudharyINC33.55
AlinagarMishri Lal YadavVIP38.621.96Binod MishraRJD36.66
Darbhanga RuralLalit Kumar YadavRJD41.261.36Faraz FatmiJDU39.90
DarbhangaSanjay SaraogiBJP49.326.24Amarnath GamiRJD43.08
HayaghatRam Chandra PrasadBJP46.867.17Bhola YadavRJD39.69
BahadurpurMadan SahniJDU38.501.47Ramesh ChoudharyRJD37.03
KeotiMurari Mohan JhaBJP46.753.14Abdul Bari SiddiquiRJD43.61
JaleJibesh KumarBJP51.6612.88Maskoor Ahmad UsmaniINC38.78
GaighatNiranjan RoyRJD32.924.17Maheshwar Prasad YadavJDU28.75
AuraiRam Surat KumarBJP52.3327.68Aftab AlamCPI(ML)-L24.65
MinapurRajeev KumarRJD33.518.66Manoj KumarJDU24.85
Bochaha Musafir PaswanVIP42.626.17Ramai RamRJD36.45
Sakra Ashok Kumar ChodharyJDU40.250.92Umesh Kumar RamINC39.33
KurhaniAnil Kumar SahniRJD40.230.37Kedar Prasad GuptaBJP39.86
MuzaffarpurBijendra ChaudharyINC48.163.72Suresh Kumar SharmaBJP44.44
KantiMohammad Israil MansuriRJD32.895.26Ajit KumarIndependent27.63
BarurajArun Kumar SinghBJP49.4724.71Nand Kumar RaiRJD24.76
ParooAshok Kumar SinghBJP40.927.77Shankar PrasadIndependent33.15
SahebganjRaju Kumar SinghVIP44.258.35Ram Vichar RaiRJD35.90
BaikunthpurPrem Shankar PrasadRJD37.016.06Mithlesh TiwariBJP30.95
BarauliRampravesh RaiBJP46.558.04Reyazul Haque 'Raju'RJD38.51
GopalganjSubash SinghBJP43.4920.55Anirudh Prasad alias Sadhu YadavBSP22.94
KuchaikoteAmrendra Kumar PandeyJDU41.1911.43Kali Prasad PandeyINC29.76
Bhorey Sunil KumarJDU40.500.25Jitendra PaswanCPI(ML)-L40.25
HathuaRajesh Kumar SinghRJD49.8417.55Ramsewak SinghJDU32.29
SiwanAwadh Bihari ChaudharyRJD45.301.17Om Prakash YadavBJP44.13
ZiradeiAmarjeet KushwahaCPI(ML)-L48.1117.67Kamala SinghJDU30.44
Darauli Satyadeo RamCPI(ML)-L50.507.55Ramayan ManjhiBJP42.95
RaghunathpurHarishankar YadavRJD42.6611.31Manoj Kumar SinghLJP31.35
DaraundhaKarnjeet Singh alias Vyas SinghBJP44.096.94Amarnath YadavCPI(ML)-L37.15
BarhariaBachcha PandeyRJD41.622.07Shyam Bahadur SinghJDU39.55
GoriakothiDevesh Kant SinghBJP45.666.21Nutan DeviRJD39.45
MaharajganjVijay Shanker DubeyINC30.071.21Hem Narayan SahJDU28.86
EkmaSrikant YadavRJD35.059.06Sita DeviJDU25.99
ManjhiSatyendra YadavCPI(M)37.5616.07Rana Pratap SinghIndependent21.49
BaniapurKedar Nath SinghRJD38.7416.51Virendra Kumar OjhaVIP22.23
TaraiyaJanak SinghBJP32.156.8Sipahi Lal MahtoRJD25.35
MarhauraJitendra Kumar RayRJD39.447.51Altaf AlamJDU31.93
ChapraCN GuptaBJP44.974.02Randhir Kumar SinghRJD40.95
Garkha Surendra RamRJD47.215.62Gyanchand ManjhiBJP41.59
AmnourKrishan Kumar MantooBJP42.292.46Sunil KumarRJD39.83
ParsaChhote Lal RayRJD44.3611.23Chandrika RaiJDU33.13
SonepurRamanuj PrasadRJD43.113.93Vinay Kumar SinghBJP39.18
HajipurAwadhesh SinghBJP44.551.56Dev Kumar ChaurasiaRJD42.99
LalganjSanjay Kumar SinghBJP36.8813.71Rakesh KumarINC23.17
VaishaliSiddharth PatelJDU35.963.82Sanjiv SinghINC32.14
MahuaMukesh Kumar RaushanRJD36.457.97Ashma ParveenJDU28.48
Rajapakar Pratima KumariINC35.671.18Mahendra RamJDU34.49
RaghopurTejashwi Prasad YadavRJD48.7419.1Satish KumarBJP29.64
MahnarBina SinghRJD37.344.8Umesh KushwahaJDU32.54
Patepur Lakhendra Kumar RaushanBJP52.1515.58Shiv Chandra RamRJD36.57
Kalyanpur (Samastipur)Maheshwar HazariJDU38.465.46Ranjit Kumar RamCPI(ML)-L33.00
WarisnagarAshok KumarJDU35.977.26Phool Babu SinghCPI(ML)-L28.71
SamastipurAkhtarul Islam ShahinRJD41.212.84Ashwamedh DeviJDU38.37
UjiarpurAlok Kumar MehtaRJD48.8112.54Sheel Kumar RoyBJP36.27
MorwaRanvijay SahuRJD37.066.64Vidyasagar Singh NishadJDU30.42
SarairanjanVijay Kumar ChoudharyJDU42.482.12Arvind Kumar SahniRJD40.36
MohiuddinnagarRajesh Kumar SinghBJP47.5110.2Ejya YadavRJD37.31
BibhutipurAjay KumarCPI(M)45.0024.69Ram Balak SinghJDU20.31
Rosera Birendra KumarBJP47.9319.66Nagendra Kumar VikalINC28.27
HasanpurTej Pratap YadavRJD47.2712.34Raj Kumar RayJDU34.93
Cheria BariarpurRaj Vanshi MahtoRJD45.2226.95Manju VermaJDU18.27
BachhwaraSurendra MehataBJP30.210.27Abdhesh Kumar RaiCommunist Party Of India29.94
TeghraRam Ratan SinghCommunist Party Of India49.8028.03Birendra KumarJDU21.77
MatihaniRaj Kumar SinghLJP29.640.16Narendra Kumar SinghJDU29.48
Sahebpur KamalSatanand Sambuddha alias LalanRJD41.459.09Shashikant Kumar ShashiJDU32.36
BegusaraiKundan KumarBJP39.662.43Amita BhushanINC37.23
Bakhri Suryakant PaswanCommunist Party Of India44.140.47Ramshankar PaswanBJP43.67
Alauli Ramvriksh SadaRJD32.691.92Sadhna DeviJDU30.77
KhagariaChhatrapati YadavINC31.141.99Poonam Devi YadavJDU29.15
BeldaurPanna Lal Singh PatelJDU31.952.89Chandan KumarINC29.06
ParbattaDoctor Sanjeev KumarJDU41.610.51Digambar Prasad TiwaryRJD41.10
BihpurKumar ShailendraBJP48.534.08Shailesh Kumar MandalRJD44.45
GopalpurNarendra Kumar NirajJDU46.3915.02Shailesh KumarRJD31.37
Pirpainti Lalan KumarBJP48.5413.63Ram Vilash PaswanRJD34.91
KahalgaonPawan Kumar YadavBJP56.2320.87Shubhanand MukeshINC35.36
BhagalpurAjit SharmaINC40.520.69Rohit PandeyBJP39.83
SultanganjLalit Narayan MandalJDU42.586.76Lalan KumarINC35.82
NathnagarAli Ashraf SiddiquiRJD40.413.97Lakshmikant MandalJDU36.44
AmarpurJayant RajJDU33.131.9Jitendra SinghINC31.23
Dhauraiya Bhudeo ChoudharyRJD43.741.5Manish KumarJDU42.24
BankaRam Narayan MandalBJP43.8010.56Javed Iqbal AnsariRJD33.24
Katoria Nikki HembromBJP47.014.03Sweety Sima HembramRJD42.98
BelharManoj YadavJDU40.161.35Ramdeo YadavRJD38.81
TarapurMewa Lal ChoudharyJDU36.934.13Divya PrakashRJD32.80
MungerPranav KumarBJP45.740.75Avinash Kumar VidyarthiRJD44.99
JamalpurAjay Kumar SinghINC37.652.92Shailesh KumarJDU34.73
SurajgarhaPrahlad YadavRJD32.825.05Ramanand MandalJDU27.77
LakhisaraiVijay Kumar SinhaBJP38.205.4Amaresh KumarINC32.80
SheikhpuraVijay KumarRJD39.024.24Randhir Kumar SoniJDU34.78
BarbighaSudarshan KumarJDU33.190.1Gajanand ShahiINC33.09
AsthawanJitendra KumarJDU35.758.05Anil KumarRJD27.70
BiharsharifDr Sunil KumarBJP44.558.21Sunil KumarRJD36.34
Rajgir Kaushal KishoreJDU42.5810.17Ravi Jyoti KumarINC32.41
IslampurRakesh Kumar RoushanRJD41.652.26Chandra Sen PrasadJDU39.39
HilsaKrishnamurari Sharan alias Prem MukhiyaJDU37.350Shakti Singh YadavRJD37.35
NalandaShrawon KumarJDU38.979.49Kaushalendra KumarJantantrik Vikas Party29.48
HarnautHari Narayan SinghJDU41.2417.18Mamata DeviLJP24.06
MokamaAnant Kumar SinghRJD52.9924.07Rajeev Lochan Narayan SinghJDU28.92
BarhGyanendra Kumar SinghBJP32.946.84Satyendra Bahadur SinghINC26.10
BakhtiarpurAniruddh KumarRJD52.1712.05Ranvijay Singh YadavBJP40.12
DighaSanjiv ChaurasiaBJP57.0927.11Shashi YadavCPI(ML)-L29.98
BankipurNitin NabinBJP59.0527.75Luv SinhaINC31.30
KumhrarArun Kumar SinhaBJP54.0017.56Dharamendra KumarRJD36.44
Patna SahibNand Kishore YadavBJP51.919.72Pravin SinghINC42.19
FatuhaRamanand YadavRJD50.8711.49Satyendra Kumar SinghBJP39.38
DanapurRit Lal RayRJD48.448.58Asha Devi YadavBJP39.86
ManerBhai VirendraRJD47.4416.58Nikhil AnandBJP30.86
Phulwari Gopal RavidasCPI(ML)-L43.576.62Arun ManjhiJDU36.95
Masaurhi Rekha DeviRJD50.2116.4Nutan PaswanJDU33.81
PaliganjSandeep SauravCPI(ML)-L43.7319.9Jai Vardhan YadavJDU23.83
BikramSiddharth SauravINC47.7119.63Anil Kumar SinghIndependent28.08
SandeshKiran DeviRJD51.5432.77Vijayendra YadavJDU18.77
BarharaRaghvendra Pratap SinghBJP46.153.02Saroj YadavRJD43.13
ArrahAmrendra Pratap SinghBJP45.051.88Quyamuddin AnsariCPI(ML)-L43.17
Agiaon Manoj ManzilCPI(ML)-L61.3934.52Prabhunath PrasadJDU26.87
TarariSudama PrasadCPI(ML)-L43.536.48Narendra Kumar PandeyIndependent37.05
JagdishpurRam Vishun SinghRJD39.6813.17Sribhagwan Singh KushwahaLJP26.51
ShahpurRahul TiwaryRJD41.1414.62Shobha DeviIndependent26.52
BrahampurShambhu Nath YadavRJD48.6427.59Hulas PandeyLJP21.05
BuxarSanjay Kr Tiwari alias Munna TiwariINC36.382.39Parshuram ChaubeyBJP33.99
DumraonAjit Kumar SinghCPI(ML)-L40.7613.95Anjum AraJDU26.81
Rajpur Vishwanath RamINC36.7611.48Santosh Kumar NiralaJDU25.28
RamgarhSudhakar SinghRJD32.400.1Ambika Singh YadavBSP32.30
Mohania Sangita KumariRJD37.847.45Niranjan RamBJP30.39
BhabuaBharat BindRJD32.985.76Rinki Rani PandeyBJP27.22
ChainpurMohd. Zama KhanBSP46.2411.79Brij Kishor BindBJP34.45
Chenari Murari Prasad GautamINC41.2510.36Lalan PaswanJDU30.89
SasaramRajesh Kumar GuptaRJD46.5414.76Ashok KumarJDU31.78
KargaharSantosh Kumar MishraINC30.762.1Bashisth SinghJDU28.66
DinaraVijay Kumar MandalRJD34.974.84Rajendra Prasad SinghLJP30.13
NokhaAnita DeviRJD44.1511.88Nagendra ChandrawansiJDU32.27
DehriPhate Bahadur Singh RJD41.570.3Satyanarayan YadavBJP41.27
KarakatArun SinghCPI(ML)-L48.1910.6Rajeshwar RajBJP37.59
ArwalMaha Nand SinghCPI(ML)-L47.1813.78Dipak Kumar SharmaBJP33.40
KurthaBagi Kumar VermaRJD39.5420.28Satyadev KushwahaJDU19.26
JehanabadKumar Krishna Mohan alias Suday YadavRJD47.0321.25Krishannandan Prasad VermaJDU25.78
GhosiRam Bali Singh YadavCPI(ML)-L49.0711.39Rahul KumarJDU37.68
Makhdumpur Satish KumarRJD52.0116.39Devendra KumarHAM(S)35.62
GohBhim Kumar SinghRJD44.0719.28Manoj Kumar SharmaBJP24.79
ObraRishi KumarRJD36.2412.9Prakash ChandraLJP23.34
NabinagarVijay Kumar Singh alias Dabloo SinghRJD40.6812.61Virendra Kumar SinghJDU28.07
Kutumba Rajesh KumarINC36.6112Sharwan BhuinyaHAM(S)24.61
AurangabadAnand Shankar SinghINC41.271.32Ramadhar SinghBJP39.95
RafiganjMohammad NehaluddinRJD34.225.1Pramod Kumar SinghIndependent29.12
GuruaVinay KumarRJD39.553.69Rajiv Nandan DangiBJP35.86
SherghatiManju AgrawalRJD35.749.65Vinod Prasad YadavJDU26.09
Imamganj Jitan Ram ManjhiHAM(S)45.369.24Uday Narayan ChoudharyRJD36.12
Barachatti Jyoti DeviHAM(S)39.213.42Samta DeviRJD35.79
Bodh Gaya Kumar SarvjeetRJD41.842.44Hari ManjhiBJP39.40
Gaya TownPrem KumarBJP49.898.87Akhauri Onkar NathINC41.02
TikariAnil KumarHAM(S)37.691.41Sumant KumarINC36.28
BelaganjSurendra Prasad YadavRJD46.9114.1Abhay KushwahaJDU32.81
AtriAjay YadavRJD36.554.62Manorama DeviJDU31.93
WazirganjBirendra SinghBJP40.2312.76Shashi Shekhar SinghINC27.47
Rajauli Prakash VeerRJD41.727.5Kanhaiya KumarBJP34.22
HisuaNitu KumariINC49.818.97Anil SinghBJP40.84
NawadaVibha DeviRJD40.0614.55Shrawan KumarIndependent25.51
GobindpurMohammed KamranRJD49.2120.46Purnima YadavJDU28.75
WarsaliganjAruna DeviBJP36.495.27Satish KumarINC31.22
Sikandra Prafull Kumar ManjhiHAM(S)30.673.58Sudhir KumarINC27.09
JamuiShreyasi SinghBJP43.8922.63Vijay Prakash YadavRJD21.26
JhajhaDamodar RawatJDU39.550.86Rajendra PrasadRJD38.69
ChakaiSumit Kumar SinghIndependent24.020.31Savitri DeviRJD23.71
View More

For the Bihar assembly election 2025, the Election Commission of India (ECI) announced a condensed two-phase schedule for polls to the 243-seat Vidhan Sabha. Voting for the Bihar polls 2025 will be held on November 6 (Phase 1, 121 assembly constituencies) and November 11 (Phase 2, with 122 constituencies), with the results slated for November 14 to determine who forms the next Bihar state government. This marks the shortest polling period for Bihar in over two decades, a move the Election Commission attributes to enhanced administrative efficiency on its part. It has also taken into account the Diwali and Chhath festivals, which conclude before the polling dates. The Model Code of Conduct is now in force. The ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) of the Janata Dal (United) (JDU) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and the opposition Mahagathbandhan or INDIA bloc of the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and Congress (INC), have carried out intense campaigning. Strategist-turned-politician Prashan Kihor's Jan Suraaj Party is also in the fray, while other parties are mostly part either of the NDA or the INDIA bloc. The Bihar 2025 election follows the ECI’s controversial Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls, which saw thousands of voters deleted, adding a layer of complexity to the process. As political parties mobilise across all districts, the outcome of the Bihar assembly polls will be a pivotal moment as the state has a rich political history in which caste, community, region, and aspirations play varied parts.