{"id":732,"date":"2019-06-07T20:00:23","date_gmt":"2019-06-08T04:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/?page_id=732"},"modified":"2020-04-11T06:58:15","modified_gmt":"2020-04-11T14:58:15","slug":"db2-avg","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.db2tutorial.com\/db2-aggregate-functions\/db2-avg\/","title":{"rendered":"Db2 AVG"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the DB2 <code>AVG()<\/code> function to calculate the average of a set of non-null values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction to Db2 AVG() function<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Db2 <code>AVG()<\/code> function is an <a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-aggregate-functions\/\">aggregate function<\/a> that returns the average of a set of values. Here is the syntax of the <code>AVG()<\/code> function:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">AVG(expression)\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code>AVG()<\/code> function accepts a set of numeric values and returns the average of these numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The data type of the return value depends on the data type of the input numbers. The <code>AVG()<\/code> function determines the data type of the return value based on the following rules:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>If the argument is <code>DECFLOAT(n)<\/code>, the return type is <code>DECFLOAT(34)<\/code>.<\/li><li>If the argument is <code><a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-integer\/\">SMALLINT<\/a><\/code>, the return type is <code>BIGINT<\/code>.<\/li><li>If the argument is single precision floating-point, the return type is double precision floating-point.<\/li><li>Otherwise, the return type is the same as the type of the argument.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>AVG()<\/code> function returns <code>NULL<\/code> if the set is empty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that the <code>AVG()<\/code> function ignores <code>NULL<\/code> values in the calculation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Db2 AVG() illustration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>First, <a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-create-table\/\">create a new table<\/a> named <code>avg_demo<\/code> that contains one <a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-integer\/\">integer<\/a> column:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> avg_demo(c1 <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">INT<\/span>);\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Second, <a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-insert-multiple-rows\/\">insert four rows<\/a> into the <code>avg_demo<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> avg_demo(c1) \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>),(<span class=\"hljs-literal\">NULL<\/span>);\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Third, view the data from the <code>avg_demo<\/code> table by using the following <code><a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-select\/\">SELECT<\/a><\/code> statement:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> c1 <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> avg_demo;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Fourth, use the <code>AVG()<\/code> function to return the average values in the c1 column of the <code>avg_demo<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">avg<\/span>(c1) \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> \n    avg_demo;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Here is the output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">AVERAGE     \n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">----------- <\/span>\n2       \n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Behind the scenes, Db2 performs the following calculation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>First, ignore the NULL values.<\/li><li>Then, divide the sum of all values by the number of values (1+2+3) \/ 3 = 2.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Db2 AVG() examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s take some examples of using the <code>AVG()<\/code> function. We&#8217;ll use the <code>books<\/code> table from the <a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/getting-started\/db2-sample-database\/\">sample database<\/a> for the demonstration purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"181\" height=\"194\" src=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/books.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-81\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1) Using DB2 AVG() function to calculate the average of values example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This example uses the <code>AVG()<\/code> function to calculate the average rating of all books in the <code>books<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(rating) avg_book_rating\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    books;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Here is the output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">AVG_BOOK_RATING\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">-------------------------------<\/span>\n4.00466544454628780934922089825\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>To make the result more usable, you can use the <code><a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-cast\/\">CAST<\/a><\/code>&nbsp;expression as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CAST<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(rating) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">DEC<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>)) avg_book_rating\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    books;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Now the output is much much more readable:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">AVG_BOOK_RATING\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">---------------<\/span>\n            4.00\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2) Using DB2 AVG() function with the GROUP BY clause example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>AVG()<\/code> function is often used with the <code><a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-group-by\/\">GROUP BY<\/a><\/code> clause to find the average values of groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example returns the average rating of books by publishers:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    p.name publisher, \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CAST<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(b.rating) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">DEC<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>)) avg_rating  \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> \n    books b\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INNER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> publishers p\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> p.publisher_id = b.publisher_id\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> \n    p.name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> avg_rating <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DESC<\/span>;\t\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>This picture shows the partial output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"447\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-group-by-clause-example.png\" alt=\"db2 avg function with group by clause example\" class=\"wp-image-733\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-group-by-clause-example.png 447w, https:\/\/www.db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-group-by-clause-example-300x185.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, the <code>GROUP BY<\/code> clause groups rows by publishers and the <code>AVG()<\/code> function returns the average book rating for every group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3) Using DB2 AVG() function with the HAVING clause example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This example returns the publishers whose average book ratings are higher than <code>4.5<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-12\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    p.name publisher, \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CAST<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(b.rating) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">DEC<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>)) avg_rating  \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> \n    books b\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INNER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> publishers p\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> p.publisher_id = b.publisher_id\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> \n    p.name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">HAVING<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(b.rating) &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">4.5<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> avg_rating <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DESC<\/span>;\t\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-12\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"284\" height=\"134\" src=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-having-clause-example.png\" alt=\"db2 avg function with having clause example\" class=\"wp-image-734\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, the <code><a href=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/db2-basics\/db2-having\/\">HAVING<\/a><\/code> clause includes only publishers whose average book ratings are greater than 4.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4) Using DB2 AVG() function with other aggregate functions example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example returns the average book rating and the number of books by publishers with a condition that the average book rating is higher than 4 and the number of books is greater than 10.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-13\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    p.name publisher, \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CAST<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(b.rating) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">DEC<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>)) avg_rating,\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(b.book_id) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">as<\/span> book_count\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> \n    books b\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INNER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> publishers p\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> p.publisher_id = b.publisher_id\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> \n    p.name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">HAVING<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AVG<\/span>(b.rating) &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AND<\/span>\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">COUNT<\/span>(b.book_id) &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> \n  avg_rating <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DESC<\/span>, \n  book_count <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DESC<\/span>;\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-13\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Here is the output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"337\" height=\"198\" src=\"https:\/\/db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-count-function-example.png\" alt=\"db2 avg function with count function example\" class=\"wp-image-735\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-count-function-example.png 337w, https:\/\/www.db2tutorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/db2-avg-function-with-count-function-example-300x176.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In this tutorial, you have learned how to use the Db2 <code>AVG()<\/code> function to calculate the average of a set of non-null values.<\/p>\n<div 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