{"id":2618,"date":"2023-07-08T20:37:36","date_gmt":"2023-07-08T13:37:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csharptutorial.net\/?page_id=2618"},"modified":"2023-07-08T21:39:45","modified_gmt":"2023-07-08T14:39:45","slug":"csharp-stack","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/csharp-collections\/csharp-stack\/","title":{"rendered":"C# Stack&lt;T&gt;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the C# <code>Stack&lt;T><\/code> to store elements in a collection based on the last-in-first-out (LIFO) principle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction to the C# Stack&lt;T&gt; type<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Suppose you have a stack of books on your desk. When you get a new book, you place it on top of the stack. The top book is always the one you can easily pick for reading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you want to read a book, you take the one from the top of the stack, revealing the next book below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this analogy, the stack of books represents a data structure where you add and remove books in a first-in-last-out order (LIFO). The first book that you place on the stack is the last one that you remove from the stack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In C#, <code>Stack&lt;T&gt;<\/code> class works the same way as a stack of books. The <code>Stack&lt;T&gt;<\/code> has two main methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Push()<\/code> &#8211; places an item on the top of the stack.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Pop()<\/code> &#8211; removes the item from the top of the stack.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>Stack&lt;T&gt;<\/code> also has the <code>Count<\/code> property that returns the number of elements of the stack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because the <code>Stack&lt;T&gt;<\/code> is a generic class, you store values of any type <code>T<\/code> in the stack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Stack&lt;T&gt; example<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example illustrates how to use the <code>Stack&lt;T&gt;<\/code> class to manage a stack of books:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">using<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">static<\/span> System.Console;\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> bookStack = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> Stack&lt;<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">string<\/span>&gt;();\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> titles = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> List&lt;<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">string<\/span>&gt;{\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"C# Tutorial\"<\/span>,\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Mastering LINQ\"<\/span>,\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"A Complete Guide to EF Core\"<\/span>\n};\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ push<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">foreach<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> title <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> titles)\n{\n    WriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"Push the book '<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{title}<\/span>' onto the stack.\"<\/span>);\n    bookStack.Push(title);\n}\nWriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"The stack has <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{bookStack.Count}<\/span> book(s).\"<\/span>);\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ pop<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> (bookStack.Count &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>)\n{\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> title = bookStack.Pop();\n    WriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"Pop the book '<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{title}<\/span>' out of the stack.\"<\/span>);\n}\n\nWriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"The stack has <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{bookStack.Count}<\/span> book(s).\"<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"plaintext\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"plaintext\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-plaintext\">Push the book 'C# Tutorial' onto the stack.\nPush the book 'Mastering LINQ' onto the stack.\nPush the book 'A Complete Guide to EF Core' onto the stack.\nThe stack has 3 book(s).\nPop the book 'A Complete Guide to EF Core' out of the stack.\nPop the book 'Mastering LINQ' out of the stack.\nPop the book 'C# Tutorial' out of the stack.\nThe stack has 0 book(s).<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">plaintext<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">plaintext<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>How it works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, create a new stack that stores the strings representing the book titles:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> bookStack = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> Stack&lt;<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">string<\/span>&gt;();<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Second, initialize a list of book titles:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> titles = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> List&lt;<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">string<\/span>&gt;{\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"C# Tutorial\"<\/span>,\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Mastering LINQ\"<\/span>,\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"A Complete Guide to EF Core\"<\/span>\n};<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Third, iterate over the book titles and push each of them onto the stack using a <a href=\"https:\/\/csharptutorial.net\/csharp-tutorial\/csharp-foreach\/\">foreach<\/a> loop and <code>Push()<\/code> method:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">foreach<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> title <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> titles)\n{\n    WriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"Push the book '<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{title}<\/span>' onto the stack.\"<\/span>);\n    bookStack.Push(title);\n}<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Fourth, check the stack&#8217;s size using the <code>Count<\/code> property:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\">WriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"The stack has <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{bookStack.Count}<\/span> book(s).\"<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Fifth, remove each book from the stack using the <code>Pop()<\/code> method until the stack is empty:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> (bookStack.Count &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>)\n{\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">var<\/span> title = bookStack.Pop();\n    WriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"Pop the book '<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{title}<\/span>' out of the stack.\"<\/span>);\n}<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Finally, shows the stack&#8217;s size:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"C#\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"cs\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-cs\">WriteLine(<span class=\"hljs-string\">$\"The stack has <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{bookStack.Count}<\/span> book(s).\"<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">C#<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">cs<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use C# <code>Stack&lt;T><\/code> to manage a collection of elements in the last-in, first-out (LIFO) order.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use <code>Push()<\/code> method to push an element onto the stack.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use <code>Pop()<\/code> method to pop an element out of the stack.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use <code>Count<\/code> property to get the number of elements on the stack.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful ?<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"2618\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/csharp-collections\/csharp-stack\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"C# Stack&lt;T&gt;\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 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last-in-first-out (LIFO) principle. Introduction to the C# Stack&lt;T&gt; type Suppose you have a stack of books on your desk. When you get a new book, you place it on top of the stack. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2610,"menu_order":71,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2618","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2618"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2642,"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2618\/revisions\/2642"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}