{"id":195,"date":"2021-12-26T10:35:11","date_gmt":"2021-12-26T03:35:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csharptutorial.net\/?page_id=195"},"modified":"2023-07-02T19:22:09","modified_gmt":"2023-07-02T12:22:09","slug":"csharp-break","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/csharp-tutorial\/csharp-break\/","title":{"rendered":"C# break"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you’ll learn how to use the C# break statement to prematurely terminate a loop including while<\/code>, do while<\/code>, and for<\/code> loops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction to the C# break statement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The break<\/code> the statement allows you to terminate a loop prematurely including while<\/a><\/code>, do while<\/a><\/code>, and for<\/a><\/code> loop. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here’s the syntax of the break<\/code> statement:<\/p>\n\n\n

break<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
In practice, you’ll use the break<\/code> statement to terminate a loop based on a condition prematurely. Typically, the condition is independent of the loop’s condition. So you’ll use the break<\/code> statement with an if<\/a><\/code> statment like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
while<\/span> (expression)\n{\n    if<\/span> (condition)\n    {\n        break<\/span>;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Likewise, you can use the break<\/code> statement inside a do while<\/code> loop like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
do<\/span>\n{\n    if<\/span> (condition)\n    {\n        break<\/span>;\n    }\n} while<\/span> (expression);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
And the following flowchart shows how the break statement works inside a do while<\/code> loop:<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
and for<\/code> loop:<\/p>\n\n\n
for<\/span> (initializer; condition; iterator)\n{\n    if<\/span> (condition)\n    {\n        break<\/span>;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The following flowchart illustrates how the break statement works in the for<\/code> loop:<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\"c#<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
If you have a nested loop, the break<\/code> statement only terminates the enclosing loop, not both inner and outer loops. And you’ll see how it works in the examples below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C# break statement examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Let’s take some examples of using the C# break<\/code> statement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1) Using C# break statement inside a for loop examples<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
The following example shows how to use the break<\/code> statement inside a for<\/code> loop:<\/p>\n\n\n
string<\/span> greeting = \"Good Morning!\"<\/span>;\n\nfor<\/span> (int<\/span> i = 0<\/span>; i < greeting.Length; i++)\n{\n    if<\/span> (greeting[i] == ' '<\/span>)\n    {\n        break<\/span>;\n    }\n    Console.Write(greeting[i]);\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
Good<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
In this example, the for<\/code> loop iterates over the characters of the string \"Good Morning!\"<\/code>. The if<\/code> and break<\/code> statements terminate the loop if the current character is the space (' '<\/code>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Therefore, the output only shows the characters from G<\/code> to d<\/code> in the string \"Good Morning!\"<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2) Using the C# break statement to print a half pyramid<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
The following example illustrates how to use the break<\/code> statement inside a nested loop:<\/p>\n\n\n
for<\/span> (int<\/span> i = 0<\/span>; i < 5<\/span>; i++)\n{\n    for<\/span> (int<\/span> j = 0<\/span>; j < 5<\/span>; j++)\n    {\n        \/\/ exit the inner loop only<\/span>\n        if<\/span>(j > i)\n        {\n            break<\/span>;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ print numbers each row<\/span>\n        Console.Write($\"{j}<\/span> \"<\/span>);\n    }\n    Console.WriteLine();\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
0<\/span>\n0<\/span> 1<\/span>\n0<\/span> 1<\/span> 2<\/span>\n0<\/span> 1<\/span> 2<\/span> 3<\/span>\n0<\/span> 1<\/span> 2<\/span> 3<\/span> 4<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
In this example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • The outer loop determines the pyramid levels from 0 to 5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • The inner loop prints the numbers if they are less than the current level. Since the inner loop uses the break<\/code> statement, it’ll end when the number is greater than the current level (j > i<\/code>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    3) Using the C# break statement inside a while loop<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    The following example calculates the total of input integers. It uses the break<\/code> statement to terminate the loop if you enter “Q” or “q”:<\/p>\n\n\n
    string<\/span> input;\nint<\/span> total = 0<\/span>;\n\nConsole.WriteLine(\"Enter integers to calculate total(q or Q to quit):\"<\/span>);\n\nwhile<\/span> (true<\/span>)\n{\n    input = Console.ReadLine();\n\n    if<\/span>(input == \"Q\"<\/span> || input == \"q\"<\/span>)\n    {\n        break<\/span>;\n    }\n\n    total += Convert.ToInt32 (input);\n}\n\nConsole.WriteLine(total);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    How it works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    First, create a while<\/code> loop with condition that is always true<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n
    while<\/span> (true<\/span>)\n{\n   \/\/...<\/span>\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Second, get the user input and assign it to the input<\/code> variable:<\/p>\n\n\n
    input = Console.ReadLine();<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Third, terminate the loop if the input string is either \"Q\"<\/code> or \"q\"<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n
    if<\/span> (input == \"Q\"<\/span> || input == \"q\"<\/span>)\n{\n    break<\/span>;\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Finally, add the input number to the total<\/code> variable:<\/p>\n\n\n
    total += Convert.ToInt32(input);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Here’s a sample output:<\/p>\n\n\n
    Enter integers to calculate total<\/span>(q or Q to quit<\/span>):\n1\n2\n3\nq\nThe total is<\/span> 6<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    4) Using the C# break statement inside a do while loop <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    The following example illustrates how to use break statement inside do while<\/code> statement:<\/p>\n\n\n
    double<\/span> total   = 0<\/span>,\n       average = 0<\/span>;\n\nint<\/span> count = 0<\/span>;\n\nConsole.WriteLine(\"Enter integers to calculate average (q or Q to quit):\"<\/span>);\n\ndo<\/span>\n{\n    string<\/span> input = Console.ReadLine();\n\n    if<\/span> (input == \"Q\"<\/span> || input == \"q\"<\/span>)\n    {\n        break<\/span>;\n    }\n\n    total += Convert.ToInt32(input);\n    count++;\n\n} while<\/span> (true<\/span>);\n\nif<\/span> (count > 0<\/span>)\n{\n    average  = total \/ count;\n}\n\nConsole.WriteLine($\"The average is {average}<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    How it works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    First, declare variables to store the total, average, and input string:<\/p>\n\n\n
    double<\/span> total   = 0<\/span>,\n       average = 0<\/span>;\nint<\/span> count = 0<\/span>;\n<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Second, create a do while<\/code> loop with the condition that is always true<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n
    do<\/span>\n{\n    \/\/...<\/span>\n\n} while<\/span> (true<\/span>);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Third, prompt to enter a number:<\/p>\n\n\n
    string<\/span> input = Console.ReadLine();<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Fourth, exit the loop if the input is “q” or “Q”:<\/p>\n\n\n
    if<\/span> (input == \"Q\"<\/span> || input == \"q\"<\/span>)\n{\n    break<\/span>;\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Fifth, add the input number to the total and increase the count<\/code> variable:<\/p>\n\n\n
    total += Convert.ToInt32(input);\ncount++;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Finally, calculate the average after the loop ends:<\/p>\n\n\n
    if<\/span> (count > 0<\/span>)\n{\n    average = total \/ count;\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    The following shows a test run:<\/p>\n\n\n
    Enter integers to calculate the average<\/span> (q or Q to quit<\/span>):\n10\n20\n30\nq\nThe average is<\/span> 20<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
    Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Use the break<\/code> statement to prematurely terminate a loop including while<\/code>, do while<\/code>, and for<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • The break<\/code> statement only terminates the eclosing loop when used in a nested loop.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n\t
      \n\t\t
      Was this tutorial helpful ?<\/div>\n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t Yes <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t No <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n\n\t
      \n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t
      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t
Note that before and\/or after the if<\/a><\/code> block, you may have one or more statements. The following flowchart illustrates how the break<\/code> statement works inside a loop:<\/p>\n\n\n
C# only allows you to use the break<\/code> statement inside a loop (or a switch<\/a><\/code> statement). This tutorial focuses on how to use the break<\/code> statement inside a loop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n