{"id":115,"date":"2021-12-22T14:16:06","date_gmt":"2021-12-22T07:16:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csharptutorial.net\/?page_id=115"},"modified":"2022-06-03T13:16:30","modified_gmt":"2022-06-03T06:16:30","slug":"csharp-integer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.csharptutorial.net\/csharp-tutorial\/csharp-integer\/","title":{"rendered":"C# Integers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you’ll learn how to use the C# integer types to represent the integer numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction to the C# integers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Integers are whole numbers for example -1, 0, 1, 2, 3. C# uses the integral numeric types to represent integer numbers. So far, you have learned how to use the int<\/code> type to declare a variable<\/a> that holds an integer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Besides the int<\/code> type, C# has other integer types with their specific keyword, range, and size.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following table illustrates the characteristics of all the integer types in C#:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C# type\/keyword<\/th>Range<\/th>Size<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
sbyte<\/code><\/td>-128 to 127<\/td>Signed 8-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
byte<\/code><\/td>0 to 255<\/td>Unsigned 8-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
short<\/code><\/td>-32,768 to 32,767<\/td>Signed 16-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
ushort<\/code><\/td>0 to 65,535<\/td>Unsigned 16-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
int<\/code><\/td>-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647<\/td>Signed 32-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
uint<\/code><\/td>0 to 4,294,967,295<\/td>Unsigned 32-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
long<\/code><\/td>-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807<\/td>Signed 64-bit integer<\/td><\/tr>
ulong<\/code><\/td>0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615<\/td>Unsigned 64-bit integer<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C# also has other two integer types nint<\/code> and nunit<\/code> whose ranges depend on the specific platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you declare a variable with an integer type and assign a value that is out of range, you’ll get a compilation error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, the following declares a variable age with the type byte and initializes its value to an invalid value 256:<\/p>\n\n\n

byte<\/span> age = 256<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
When you compile the code, the compiler issues the following error:<\/p>\n\n\n
error CS0031: Constant value '256' cannot be converted to a 'byte'<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> plaintext<\/span> (<\/span>plaintext<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Min and max values<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Each integer type has the MinValue<\/code> and MaxValue<\/code> constants that provide the minimum and maximum of the type. To access these values, you use the dot operator (.<\/code>). For example:<\/p>\n\n\n
int<\/span>.MinValue<\/span>\nint<\/span>.MaxValue<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> CSS<\/span> (<\/span>css<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The following displays the range of the int<\/code> type:<\/p>\n\n\n
Console.WriteLine($\"int range: ({int<\/span>.MinValue}<\/span>,{int<\/span>.MaxValue}<\/span>)\"<\/span>);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
int range: (-2147483648,2147483647)<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
Integer literals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Integer literals can be decimal, hexadecimal, and binary. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Decimal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
The following example shows the integer literals in decimal without any prefix:<\/p>\n\n\n
int<\/span> quantity = 10<\/span>;\nint<\/span> amount = 20<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
If a number is big, you can use the digit separator (_) to make it more readable. Note that you can use the digit separator (_<\/code>) for all integer literals, not just decimal. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n
int<\/span> prize = 1<\/span>_000_000;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Hexadecimal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Hexadecimal numbers have the 0x<\/code> or 0X<\/code> prefix. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n
int<\/span> address = 0x5A<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Binary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Binary numbers have the 0b<\/code> or 0B<\/code> prefix. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n
int<\/span> flag = 0b10011110<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Also, you can use the digit separator (_<\/code>) to separate the digits like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
int<\/span> flag = 0b<\/span>_1001_1110;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> C#<\/span> (<\/span>cs<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
  • Use C# integer type to represent integer numbers.<\/li>
  • Use digit separator (_<\/code>) with big numbers to make them more readable.<\/li><\/ul>\n
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