Microscopes were thought of by the First-century Romans who experimented with different shapes of glass and found the convex shape could magnify. An Arabian scholar, Ibn al Haitham, (962-1038), in his treatise on optics, Opticae Thesaurus Alhazeni Arabis, discussed the ability of a light-passing sphere to enlarge an image.
There is much disagreement as to who made the first microscope. Some point to Dutch spectacle-makers Zacharias and Hans Janssen in the early 17th century, who made an adjustable tube with two lenses, one biconvex and one planar convex. Others say the first 'scope-builder was their colleague Hans Lippershey, and others have even argued it was Galileo.
Regardless of who first "invented" the microscope, the idea spread quickly when British Scientist, Robert Hooke, of England (1665) published his Micrographia in 1665, (which included full-page drawings of fleas, as well as his own pillar-like microscope design).
With his device he looked at a piece of cork (a soft plant tissue found in the bark of cork-oak trees) and to his astonishment saw tiny little box-like rooms. He called them 'cells' which means in Latin "little rooms". Hooke is given the credit of being the first scientist to see the division of living tissue in smaller units. This inspired other opticians to try their own hand at building 'scopes.
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The first simple microscope was invented in the late 16th century by Dutch polymath Zacharias Janssen and his father Hans Martens. They were known for creating the earliest known compound microscope.
The first electron microscope was invented by Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska in 1931. They were able to achieve much higher magnification than traditional light microscopes by using electrons instead of light to image specimens.
Both a magnifying lens and the first microscope invented use lenses to magnify and enhance the appearance of small objects. They both rely on the principle of bending light to make objects appear larger than they are in reality.
The first microscope worked by using the power of a glass lens to magnify an image. It consisted of a simple brass or silver tube with the lens at one end and the object being observed at the other end. The lens refracted light to produce a magnified image that could be viewed through the eyepiece.
The transmission electron microscope was invented in 1931 by German engineers Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll.
The electron microscope was invented in 1931 by German physicist Ernst Ruska and engineer Max Knoll. They designed and built the first electron microscope while working at the Siemens company in Germany.