The single quantity compared to an entire sample is called a statistic. It is a numerical measurement calculated from the data in the sample, such as the mean, median, or standard deviation. The statistic provides insight into the characteristics or properties of the sample as a whole.
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The quantity in unit rates refers to the amount or number being measured or compared in relation to a single unit of another quantity. It helps to determine the rate at which the original quantity is changing or occurring.
The center of gravity is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction. It represents the single point where the entire weight of an object can be considered to act.
A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has only magnitude and no direction. Examples include time, temperature, mass, and speed. Scalars are represented by a single numerical value.
Work is a scalar quantity, as it is described by a single value (the amount of energy transferred) and does not have a direction associated with it.
The rate of a changing quantity is the derivative of that quantity with respect to time. It represents how fast the quantity is changing at a specific point in time. This rate can be constant or variable depending on the nature of the change.