Many many authors did. Christopher Marlowe was born in the same year as Shakespeare. Miguel de Cervantes died on the same date (but, curiously, not on the same day) as Shakespeare. Bacon, Spenser, Jonson, Descartes, and Milton all lived contemporaneously with Shakespeare.
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He lived during the Renaissance period.
Many millions of people were alive at the same time as Shakespeare. Other famous people who were born in the same year as Shakespeare included Galileo and the playwright Christopher Marlowe. Other famous people who died the same year he did include the Spanish novelist Cervantes, the shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu, the theatre owner Philip Henslowe and the playwrights Francis Beaumont and Tang Xianzu. Yes, the people who lived during the time of Shakespeare also include millions of people who lived in China, Japan, India, the Ottoman Empire, various African states, and the former Incan empire in Peru.
Historians have found no evidence that Shakespeare had ever left Britain, it is believed he lived out his entire life from there from 1546 to 1616 AD.
That was the parish church in the parish where he lived at the time of his death.
As elsewhere, there were many laws in England during Shakespeares time. Far to many to list.