In science, a law is a concise and usually mathematical statement that describes how a particular phenomenon works. The best known example is the law of gravity (or as originally stated, Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation) which tells us, among other things, why things fall and how fast they will fall, why the moon orbits the Earth and why the Earth orbits the sun, and so forth. Science does not make treaties, however. Treaties exist only in the realm of politics, not science.
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Laws in science are concise statements that describe a specific relationship or pattern observed in nature, supported by extensive evidence and repeated experimentation. Treaties refer to international agreements between countries to cooperate on scientific matters, such as sharing research findings, promoting collaboration, or regulating the use of certain technologies for the common good.
There is no definitive number of laws in science as new laws are discovered and formulated over time. Some well-known laws in science include Newton's laws of motion, the laws of thermodynamics, and the laws of conservation of mass and energy.
The correct order of the ladder of laws in the US from top to bottom is: the US Constitution, federal laws (including treaties), state constitutions, and state laws. The Supremacy Clause establishes that the US Constitution is the supreme law of the land, followed by federal laws and treaties.
Some significant laws and treaties in the 1900s include the Treaty of Versailles (1919) which ended World War I and imposed penalties on Germany, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, and the Kyoto Protocol (1997) aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
The President of the United States is responsible for negotiating and finalizing treaties with other countries. However, the Senate must approve treaties by a two-thirds majority before they can take effect.
Sociology is the social science that is concerned with how societies are organized, including their rules, regulations, and laws. It explores how social structures and institutions impact human behavior and interactions within a society.