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Figure from:Inflammation in preterm and term labour and delivery

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Figure 3 Fetal organs proposed to be target organs during the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) are the haematopoietic system, adrenals, heart, brain, lungs and skin (our unpublished results). CSFs, colony stimulating factors; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases.

Figure 3 Fetal organs proposed to be target organs during the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) are the haematopoietic system, adrenals, heart, brain, lungs and skin (our unpublished results). CSFs, colony stimulating factors; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases.

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Figure 1. The ascending route of intrauterine infection. (I) Vaginal infection, (II) inflammation of fetal membranes, (III) microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity, and (IV) fetal inflammation.”4
Figure 1. The ascending route of intrauterine infection. (I) Vaginal infection, (II) inflammation of fetal membranes, (III) microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity, and (IV) fetal inflammation.”4
Figure 2. Theconcentration of microbial products in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in labour versus not in labour. Concentrations of microbial products were significantly higher in women with preterm PROM in labour.”
Figure 2. Theconcentration of microbial products in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in labour versus not in labour. Concentrations of microbial products were significantly higher in women with preterm PROM in labour.”
Figure 4 The association of the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) and preterm labour. Among women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM), FIRS, as measured by fetal serum (FP) concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 > 11 pg/ml, is associated with the impending onset of preterm labour, regardless of the inflammatory state of the amniotic fluid (AF).°4 cervix, myometrium, chorioamniotic membranes and am- niotic cavity of women in labour. Spontaneous labour at term is associated with the infiltration of inflammatory cells in these tissues and increased production of pro-inflamma- tory cytokines (IL-1f, IL-6, TNF-a and IL-8)3?34 and chemo- kines (GRO«, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), GMCSM, neutrophil attractant/activating peptide-1/IL-8, etc).*? Recently, using a genome-wide screen, we have been able to demonstrate that genes involved in the control of inflammation are upregulated in the chorioamniotic membranes after labour at term, even in the absence of histological chorioamnionitis. Of interest is that an Liggins was the first to liken cervical ripening to an inflammatory response. Since then, accumulating evidence supports the idea that inflammation can be detected in the
Figure 4 The association of the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) and preterm labour. Among women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM), FIRS, as measured by fetal serum (FP) concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 > 11 pg/ml, is associated with the impending onset of preterm labour, regardless of the inflammatory state of the amniotic fluid (AF).°4 cervix, myometrium, chorioamniotic membranes and am- niotic cavity of women in labour. Spontaneous labour at term is associated with the infiltration of inflammatory cells in these tissues and increased production of pro-inflamma- tory cytokines (IL-1f, IL-6, TNF-a and IL-8)3?34 and chemo- kines (GRO«, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), GMCSM, neutrophil attractant/activating peptide-1/IL-8, etc).*? Recently, using a genome-wide screen, we have been able to demonstrate that genes involved in the control of inflammation are upregulated in the chorioamniotic membranes after labour at term, even in the absence of histological chorioamnionitis. Of interest is that an Liggins was the first to liken cervical ripening to an inflammatory response. Since then, accumulating evidence supports the idea that inflammation can be detected in the