Figure 1 An example of partial solutions after the first forward pass, NC = 3, B = 3. There are constructive (Luci¢ & Teodorovic, 2001, 2002, 2003a, 2003b) and improvement version (Davidovi¢, Ramljak, Selmi¢, & Teodorovic, 2011; Nikoli¢ & Teodorovi¢, submitted for publication) of the BCO algorithm. In constructive BCO each bee adds a (differ- ent) new component to the previously generated partial solution, The basic idea of designing BCO is to compose the multi-agent system (colony of artificial bees) that will search for good solutions of a variety of combinatorial optimization problems. The artificial bees explore the principles used by honey bees for the period of nectar collection process. In other words, BCO principles are gath- ered from natural systems. Artificial bees explore through the search space, looking for the feasible solutions. In order to discover better and better solutions, artificial bees collaborate and exchange
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