Figure from:Vermicompost Preparation from Plant Debris, Cattle Dung and Paper Waste by Using Three Varieties of Earthworms in Green Fields Institute of Agriculture, Research and Training, Vijayawada(AP), India

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conditioner with required plant nutrients of storage polysaccharides and structural polysaccharides, vitamins, enzymes, growth regulators and beneficial microorganisms like nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilising, denitrifying, decomposing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria"'2 . “The Green Revolution” that was promoted in early part of 20th century, was a boost to food production without foreseeing its ill effects. The recent realizations to maintain ecological balance for sustenance of agricultural production, farmers and scientists alike are aiming at finding an alternative to chemical agriculture. India has a long tradition of agriculture with a rich heritage of eco friendly agriculture technologies. In India the tropical climate prevailing is very congenial for farming. Talking in consideration such favorable environmental conditions, early farmers developed such technologies which were used to reap a big harvest throughout the ages. But after 1950, when green revolution was introduced, there was a sudden hike in consumption of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides and hybrid seeds. Unfortunately such extravagant use of these technologies and interference in natural processes in so called modern agricultural technologies seem to have failed in maintaining harmony with nature. As a result even sustainability of agriculture as a whole is at stake. — Figure 2 conditioner with required plant nutrients of storage polysaccharides and structural polysaccharides, vitamins, enzymes, growth regulators and beneficial microorganisms like nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilising, denitrifying, decomposing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria"'2 . “The Green Revolution” that was promoted in early part of 20th century, was a boost to food production without foreseeing its ill effects. The recent realizations to maintain ecological balance for sustenance of agricultural production, farmers and scientists alike are aiming at finding an alternative to chemical agriculture. India has a long tradition of agriculture with a rich heritage of eco friendly agriculture technologies. In India the tropical climate prevailing is very congenial for farming. Talking in consideration such favorable environmental conditions, early farmers developed such technologies which were used to reap a big harvest throughout the ages. But after 1950, when green revolution was introduced, there was a sudden hike in consumption of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides and hybrid seeds. Unfortunately such extravagant use of these technologies and interference in natural processes in so called modern agricultural technologies seem to have failed in maintaining harmony with nature. As a result even sustainability of agriculture as a whole is at stake.

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Fig. 1: showed decomposition experiment in a cement tank of 50x45x35cm In recent years, Julka and Smith were reported earthworms have been identified as one of the major tools to process the biodegradable organic materials*. The utilization of waste materials through the earthworm has given the concept of vermicomposting. The vermicompost technology approach utilizes waste management process by involving earthworms’. Improvement of soil through vermiculture has now become a popular part of organic farming. Vermicmpost is accepted as humus biofertilizer, soil fertility booster, soil activator and soil

Table 1: Effect of vermicompost on different physico-chemical parameters of cattle Dung and plant debris and paper waste along with three types of earthworms

Table 3: Impact of vermicomposting on weight loss of three organic substrate in the presence of three Earthworms dairy sludge. The increase in earthworm population might be related with the decrease in C: N ratio with the advancement of time’®. methods. It is an ideal method for the management and development of solid waste. To conclude hold promise to play a significant role in protecting environment as it uses waste as raw material and in building up of soil fertility and improving soil health for sustainable agriculture practices. CONCLUSION The results from the casting analysis had revealed that the organic waste of plant debris, cattle dung and paper waste can be converted into usable form with its excellent nutrient release. Though there may not be a great increase in nutrient, the small change in nutrient value and the reduction in C:N ratio make the plant to uptake. The castings which are rich in microorganism enhance the plant growth hormones. The result showed the increase in three types of Earthworm population in three substrate of paper waste, cattle dung and plant debris. The vermicompost is a eco friendly and cost effective