Yemen

This paper provides a broad overview of the current state of archaeogenetic research in Arabia. We summarise recent studies of mitochondrial DNA and lactase persistence allele -13915*G in order to reconstruct the population histories of modern Arabs. These data, in turn, enable us to assess different scenarios for the peopling of the Pen- insula over the course of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. The evidence sup- ports the posited existence of Arabian refugia, although it is inconclusive which (e.g. Persian Gulf basin, Yemeni highlands and/or Red Sea basin) was/were responsible for housing ancestral populations during the Last Glacial Maximum. Synthesising genetic and archaeological data sets, we conclude that a substantial portion of the present South Arabian gene pool derives from a deeply rooted population that underwent sig- nificant internal growth within Arabia some 12,000 years ago. At the same time, we interpret the disappearance of Nejd Leptolithic archaeological sites in southern Arabia around 8000 years ago to represent the termination of a significant component of the Pleistocene gene pool.

The following text is a response sent to an email dispatched to me by the Chairman of the exiled Oromo Parliamentarians who struggle for the Independence and Self-determination of the 5 millennia long Kushitic Ethiopian Nation of the Oromos.
The Hamitic - Kushitic Oromo Nation - due to criminal, inhuman and evil persecution conceived by the colonial powers (France, England and America) and executed by the colonially promoted barbaric and incestuous pseudo-Christian Abyssinians - lost their kingdoms and were engulfed within the Cemetery of Nations Fake Ethiopia, which consists in the world's most tyrannical realm and the location of the world's more abhorrent, more enduring, and more multifaceted genocides. There are more than 45 million Oromos in Abyssinia (Fake Ethiopia) and Kenya today, despite the notorious and pathetic falsehood propagated by Wikipedia.
The present text enumerates all the major points of historical distortion and falsification carried out and diffused by the colonial academia, mass media, and diplomats, as well as by their local agents and criminal executioners, i.e. the barbaric, incestuous and Anti-Christian tribes of Amhara and Tigray (: the Abyssinians), who usurped the fair name of Ethiopia, which historically denotes the land of North Sudan and the Kushitic Nation that prospered there either in the Antiquity or in the Christian Era. Both, the Oromos and the Arabic-speaking (but not Arab) populations of Northern-Central Sudan are the descendants of Ancient Sudan's (i.e. Ancient Ethiopia's) Kushitic populations.
Representative photographic documentation was herewith added to the text in order to better illustrate the topic.

Refutation of historical forgeries propagated by European colonials and incestuous Abyssinians
First published here:
https://megalommatiscomments.wordpress.com/2017/07/26/kushitic-oromos-ancestry-in-ethiopia-ancient-sudan-semitic-amharas-tigrays-abyssinians-ancestry-in-yemen/

Bu araştırma Yemen bölgesiyle ilgili Kur’ân kıssalarının tarihî ve kültürel tahlilini içermektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, söz konusu Kur’ân kıssalarının tarihî ve kültürel gerçekliğini ortaya koymaktır. Hedefi ise ilgili kıssalardaki müphemlikleri vuzuha kavuşturmaktır. İlgili kıssalar tarih-vâkıa uyumu yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Girişte araştırmanın konusu, kapsamı, amacı, önemi, metodu ve kaynakları hakkında bilgiler sunulmuştur. Araştırmaya dair literatür değerlendirmesine de yer verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde Kur’ân’da kıssa kavramı ve Kur’ân kıssalarına dair tartışmalı meseleler ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde İslâm öncesi dönemde Yemen tanıtılmış, Yemen kökenli Âd kavmi, Sebe’ Melikesi ve Sebe’ halkı kıssaları incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde Yemen’le irtibatlı Lokman, Semûd kavmi, Medyen/Eyke halkı, Ashâbü’l-Uhdûd ve Ashâbü’l-Fil kıssası ele alınmıştır.
Araştırmamız neticesinde oryantalistlerin Kur’ân kıssalarının kaynağı meselesine ilmî değil ideolojik yaklaştıkları tespit edilmiştir. Nüzûl dönemi Araplarının araştırmamıza konu olan kıssaları sözlü kültür, ticaret ve göçler vesilesiyle bildikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Tarihte ikinci bir Âd kavmi olmadığı kanaati hasıl olmuştur. Sebe’ Melikesi’nin varlığına dair deliller ağır basmaktadır. Ancak kimliği tespit edilememiştir. Lokman’ın Yemenli Lokman b. Âd olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır. Medyenlilerin ve Eykelilerin aynı kavim oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ashâbü’l-Uhdûd, kâfirlerdir. Söz konusu çukurlar Zûnüvâs ve maiyetindekiler tarafından Necran’da kazdırılmıştır. Ashâbü’l-Uhdûd ve Ashâbü’l-Fil kıssasının teşekkülünde politik ve ekonomik kaygıların ön planda olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, araştırmamıza konu olan kıssaların tarihî ve kültürel gerçekliğe sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Shortage of clean and safe water resources in Taiz Governorate, Yemen, represents an extremely important factor in the stability and an integral element in its economic development and prosperity. Groundwater is the main source of water in Yemen, in addition to surface water. Demands for fresh water will continue to rise since the area of study witnesses continuous development and depends on the available local water resources. In addition to the shortage of the water resources, the water quality problems are more severe in the study area. Major, minor and trace elements were determined in fifteen water samples, collected from different resources including some dug and drilled wells. Results indicate that down stream the groundwater quality gradually deteriorate due to infiltration of poorly treated wastewater discharging from uncontrolled domestic and industrial wastewater. All the studied water samples are not suitable for drinking but some of them may be used for irrigation occasionally in very special circumstances. At the present time, the government and scientific organizations in Yemen pay more attention to face the water demand.

Implementation of E-government Military Institutions This research has developed a comprehensive literature review for the regarding the research topic. This literature review contained theoretical framework that included the underpinning theories and the related theories, as well as conceptual framework. This research has proposed a model to be tested in the study, the model contained one independent variables (e-readiness rank) and one dependent variable (implementation of e-governance). One hypothesis was developed to analyse the proposed model. The descriptive analytical approach was used in this study; it is one of the most used methods in the study of social and human phenomena, and because it fits the phenomenon under study. It also examines an existing phenomenon or issue from which information can be answered to answer study questions, without the intervention of the researcher. The population of this research was the Yemeni military stakholders. The sample of the research were 367 participants. Smart PLS has been used to conduct statistical analysis from the primary data. Several tests have been conducted for the collected data. The main results found that there is a positive and significant relationship between E-readiness rank and the Implementation of E-Governance in the Yemeni military institutions. It is recommended to face e-readiness barriers to access electronic government platforms, for the Yemeni population, the implementation of cultural programs that promote the use of new technologies through education, several initiatives of virtual classrooms, community talks could also be given, introducing the use of technologies in the customs of the members of the military, at least so that the advantages they bring beyond being used as simple consultation platforms or means of the interaction of social networks.

The aim of this study was to investigate the completeness and legibility of prescriptions dispensed in community pharmacies located at Sana'a, Yemen. A cross-sectional study was conducted at 23 randomly selected community pharmacies throughout the capital city of Sana'a, Yemen from May 2015 to January 2016. A total of 2178 prescriptions were analyzed for the essential elements of a complete prescription using a validated checklist. Of the 2178 prescriptions, 19 (0.87%) were considered as of good quality prescription. The remaining 2159 (99.12%) prescriptions were considered as being of very poor quality. Errors related to patients and prescribed medications were the most common prescription writing errors. In this study, the quality of prescription writing was found to be very poor. Hence, continuous professional development programs are recommended to improve the quality of prescription writing among physicians. Future studies in other cities and investigation of the impact...

Pharmacoeconomics constitutes an area of health care research that assesses and compares the costs and outcomes related to drug therapy. The article's main aim is to stress the importance of the use of pharmacoeconomic research and pharmacoeconomics education in Yemen and in the curriculum carried out in Yemeni pharmacy schools. The article talks about the concept, the importance of pharmacoeconomics in low-income countries, the contributions made by pharmacoeconomics to pharmacy practice, pharmacy education in Yemen and the need to have proper pharmacoeconomics in Yemen. Conclusively, the Pharmacoeconomic research if implemented in Yemen, it will play an increasingly important role in making critical decisions concerning options that can be made regarding drug therapies and pharmaceutical services. Also, Pharmacists and future pharmacists should have a fundamental understanding of pharmacoeconomic concepts and the research methods employed to use the information gained from this rapidly growing field most effectively. To cite this review article

Yemen is a low-middle-income country where more than half of the population live in rural areas and lack access to the most basic health care. At US$40 per capita, Yemen's annual total health expenditure (THE) is among the lowest worldwide. This study analyses the preconditions and options for implementing basic social health protection in Yemen. It reveals a four-tiered healthcare system characterised by high geographic and financial access barriers mainly for the poor. Out-of-pocket payments constitute 55% of THE, and cost-sharing exemption schemes are not well organised. Resource-allocation practices are inequitable because about 30% of THE gets spent on treatment abroad for a small number of patients, mainly from better-off families. Against the background of a lack of social health protection, a series of small-scale and often informal solidarity schemes have developed, and a number of public and private companies have set up health benefit schemes for their employees. Employment-based schemes usually provide reasonable health care at an average annual cost of YR44 000 (US$200) per employee. In contrast, civil servants contribute to a mandatory health-insurance scheme without receiving any additional health benefits in return. A number of options for initiating a pathway towards a universal health-insurance system are discussed. populous country in the Arabian Peninsula, Yemen has the lowest human development index rank among the Arab nations, ranking 153rd out of 177 countries (United Nations Development Programme, 2007). Consistent with the situation in neighbouring lowincome countries, shrinking government spending for health and unacceptably high levels of out-of-pocket spending are a common reality in Yemen.

This study attempted to investigate the moderating effect of organizational culture between the leadership style and normative commitment to change. The study relied on the data collected from 371 employees of Yemeni public sector. The finding of this study shows that organizational culture plays an important role of moderating the relationship between leadership style either transformational or transactional and normative commitment to change. Furthermore, the results light out that the transformational leadership is positively related with normative commitment to change. In the same line, transactional leadership is found to be not only positively related with normative commitment to change but also as stronger effect on it. This study was carried out with numerous limitations as example is cross sectional was conducted in this study and this could not figure out the effect pre and after change, thus longitude study is highly recommend in order to look in deep and compare the result. Not only this but also there may conduce in another sector and industry, it may come out with different light. With believing of different culture and its effect, future study can be conducted in different research context. This research has figured out the weakness of empirical study in change management literatures by connecting the leadership style, and organizational culture, and how they are associated to employee normative commitment to change. In the same way, it has provided a guideline for the public sectors in general and particularly in Yemen context on how to successfully implement change phenomena as well as how to get effective and efficient leadership with change management.

Reported cases of extensive oral myiasis in the literature are still scarce, particularly from Yemen. This report aims to present the first case, as up to my knowledge, of extensive oral myiasis in a girl who was clearly predisposed to infestation. It concluded that several entities of myiasis, which can be referred to as a disease of the poor, are endemic in Yemen. Climate change, illiteracy, the practice of keeping domestic animals indoors, constant increases in flies populations, deteriorating social and economic conditions and improper housing, hygiene and sanitation explain the high incidence of fly-borne diseases in Yemen. Further molecular studies are needed to identify all responsible strains.

On s’est beaucoup interrogé sur le pourquoi du « Printemps arabe » mais aucun ouvrage n’avait encore étudié comment il s’était déroulé. Parce que la plupart des chercheurs ici réunis ont observé les événements en direct, ce livre offre une véritable ethnographie des protestations « en train de se faire ».

Les contributions portent sur les pays qui ont connu un changement de régime (Tunisie, Égypte, Yémen, Libye) mais également sur ceux où la répression a permis aux pouvoirs en place de se maintenir au moins temporairement (Syrie, Bahreïn) et sur ceux où les protestations n’ont pas débouché sur une situation révolutionnaire (Maroc, Algérie, Jordanie). L’approche adoptée par les auteurs permet de rendre pleinement compte de la spécificité de chacun des contextes étudiés, montrant comment l’élan révolutionnaire, qui balaie alors le monde arabe, connaît des traductions locales très diverses. L’étude de ces révolutions montre aussi qu’elles ne sont pas une simple éruption spontanée qui viendrait réveiller une société jusque-là apathique mais qu’elles s’enracinent dans l’histoire des contestations de chacun des pays concernés.

Les « témoignages analytiques » proposés ici constituent une source très précieuse pour ceux qui s’efforcent de mieux comprendre le plus grand bouleversement politique survenu dans le monde arabe depuis l’ère des indépendances.

For more than 10 years, I was one of a number of American and Yemeni archaeologists surveying and excavating sites dating to the fabled South Arabian kingdoms and beyond, to prehistoric times. We were members of the Dhamar Survey Project, started by the University of Chicago and named for a historic town in highland Yemen.

There are no permanent rivers or lakes in Yemen. The only source of water for people living away from the coast comes in the form of season river valleys called wadis. Because of this, many people build villages such as Haid Al-Jazil above the valley in order to make the most of these temporary water sources.

The landscape surrounding these areas are often comprised of vast deserts, and this means that resources are limited. Because of this, house-building requires a little creativity, but as you can see, they manage to make the most of what little they have to work with. Each house consists of mud bricks with wooden floors that separate one story from another, but while buildings made from earth are often associated with primitive mud huts, the structures they manage to build are as innovative as they are sophisticated. They’re also incredibly versatile, not least because they have to withstand the rainy seasons that threaten to wash away all of their hard work. Oh, and as if that isn’t challenging enough, this particular town is also located on a boulder that hangs roughly 150 metres above the valley. Wadi.

Haid Al-Jazil could well be one of the most unique places on the planet. The precarious village is perched on a giant rock and overlooks a long, mostly deserted valley in the Yemeni district of Dawan in Hadhramaut province.

Of the hundreds of people who once called this village home decades ago, a 2004 census revealed a population of just 17, all of them defying isolation, loneliness and some of the toughest topography.

Abu Baker Ahmad Bamousa Al Amoudi, his wife, and their eight children are the only family who live in their home alone; others share.

“My late father advised me to stay here until I die. My father and mother lived and were buried here,” the 49-year-old farmer says as he gives us rare access to his remote abode.

Inside the small village
Al Amoudi’s mud-brick home is one of 45 in the village and one of just three that are habitable. It offers an impressive view of the valley and its palm groves. A fresh breeze blows on us as we enter the property.

Years of heavy rains, erosion and a lack of regular upkeep have left almost 70 per cent of homes in ruins. “Look at my house,” he says with pride, pointing towards his green guest room. “It looks new and beautiful. I quickly fix problems; it survived while others fell apart.” From its position on the clifftop, he is able to keep an eye on his farmland below. Many years ago, he and his neighbours used to walk on rooftops to visit nearby relatives. “We have an interrelated large family [the Al Amoudi tribe] who lived here for ages,” he says.

As we wander around this intriguing village that dates back 500 years, we find out that the architecture of the structures here was partially responsible for many that collapsed. “Look at that house, once it was teeming with people – 30 people used to live there,” says Al Amoudi, pointing to a derelict property coated with clay. A date engraved on its wooden door tells us it was built almost 100 years ago. Rainwater weakened its foundation and termites gnawed at the wooden ceiling and structural pillars.

The streets we walk along are dirty, narrow and quiet. The only sounds that break the silence are those of the farmer’s donkey or the chirping birds overhead. Our host earns a living by cultivating a farm down deep in the valley. His wealthy relatives in Saudi Arabia also contribute to his survival by sending the family money. There is no school or health facility here. There is no convenience store either. The sick are carried on donkey to the valley and then taken by car to a local hospital, which is almost an hour’s drive away.

By October 2016, the ongoing civil war in Yemen has caused about 3.1 million internally displaced people and claimed over 10.000 lives (Security Council Report 2016). The conflict is in many ways the typical conflict of our time, as it involves Islamic extremism, a weak state formerly headed by an autocrat, a poor population divided by sectarian and tribal lines, oil reserves and intervention by foreign actors. Yemen is “the usual suspect” when it comes to contemporary violent conflict.

Because of these characteristics, the civil war in Yemen is suitable to illustrate the different theories about civil war onset. The process of illustrating the theories of civil war onset will also shed light on the specific origin of the civil war in Yemen. This is the dual purpose of this paper.

In order to do this I will first present a brief overview of who is fighting and what they are fighting to achieve. Thereafter I will present theories on civil war onset, grouped into three pathways, and apply them on The Yemeni civil war. In the end, I will reflect on the applicability of the theories and consider some alternative approaches.

Six hundred children from urban and rural regions of Hadhramout governorate were examined targeted for the detection of intestinal parasites during the year 2009. The main infective parasites prevailed in children were Gardia lamblia (19.17%), Entamoeba histolytica (16.83%), Ascaris lumbricoides (15.83%), Trichuris trichiura (2.33%), Hymenolepis nana (2.33%), Taenia saginata (1.50%) and Schistosoma mansoni (0.67%). Besides, infections were accompanied by different symptoms as diarrhea (43.5%), abdominal pain (23.3%), abdominal distention (17.3%), constipation (9.1%), nausea and vomiting (8.02%) and fever (5.1%). The parasitosis reflected the hygienic problems and their influence on public health of Hadhramout.

The Yemen, is the birth place and hub for a number of monotheistic religious convictions . In its North West region, just 243 kilometers away from San'aa, the official capital of the Republic of Yemen , lies a spiritual center, a holy metropolis known as Saa'da  .
It is to Zaidi Islam as Qum is to Shia Islam and Mecca is to Sunni Islam. It is where the scholars dwell, to read, learn and teach their disciples to carry on the doctrine and preserve the faith throughout history.
It is here that the Houthi phenomenon first appeared.
This study focuses on the very beginnings of Houthism as a phenomenon, it's source and affiliations. It is but the first part of a series of papers that will delve into the movement as it expands over time.

A new documentary about Shalom Shabazi doesn’t try to discover the absolute truth about Yemenite Jewry’s greatest poet. Instead, it offers a host of captivating, scholarly perspectives. The result is a fascinating work that tells the story of both a poet and a community through the mediums of poetry, music and movement, from Yemen to Israel and back.

It is not easy to write a review of Isa Blumi's new book, Destroying Yemen. It is particularly tricky for a social anthropologist like myself, that is, the representative of a discipline that Blumi uses to lash out against at habitually as harshly. Blumi's book begins with the sentence "This was a difficult book" (p. xi), and indeed he seems to have written it in a fit of rage. As a historian, Blumi has presented profound studies on the Ottoman history of Yemen, and Destroying Yemen too takes the current crisis in Yemen as the reference and starting point for his forays into Yemeni history in order to uncover the roots of the country's conflict.

Background: This Paper aims at analyzing and defining the reasons and factors that lead to the absence and failure of medical waste management in Yemen. This absence has a catastrophic effect by causes a wide spread of epidemics, diseases, infections, pollutions, deaths and long-range effects on the environment. And despite the lake of data, statistics and rare previous studies in this field. This paper will be a systematic study of the key factors causing this poor performance of this important Field.

To better appreciate modern imperialism in Yemen, the following charts how relations with Eurasian powers like the Ottomans and Britain shifted from humble alliance making to outright (almost always failed) attempts at military conquest. As argued, it is crucial to reflect more closely on the manner Eurasian agents secured their initial foothold in the Western Indian Ocean world by way of such alliances.

Full copy of:
Blumi I. (2020) Yemen, Imperialism in. In: Ness I., Cope Z. (eds) The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham