Womens and Gender Studies

Two young schoolgirls pledge undying love, marry each other secretly and promise to live together when they reach adulthood - but nothing works out as planned. This tale of Georgian England is made up of real diaries and letters, revealing actual lives of two women whose circumstances changed beyond belief. Money and society, colour and background made them utterly incompatible, even though they loved each other deeply.

"The Early Life of Miss Anne Lister and the Curious Tale of Miss Eliza Raine" is now available at http://www.huesbooks.com, or www.lulu.com. Wholesalers can order it from Nielsen and Gardners in the UK or Barnes and Noble in the USA.All copies are print-on-demand and arrive in 2 days (UK, or up to 10 days International.).

The present article argues that despite growing rates of single living worldwide, alternative representations of the single women who do not necessarily spend their life 'waiting for the one' are regularly absent from public view. By exploring the injunction as well as the option of non-waiting, this paper contributes to time studies by stressing how understandings of waiting inform hegemonic and alternative forms of temporal subjectivity and sociality. In the first part of this paper, I explore the ways in which the injunction to stop waiting is articulated in het-eronormative imagery. This call is regularly expressed with temporal urgency, and from this vantage point waiting comes to represent passivity and immobility. Accordingly, women are expected to 'move on' and be active in their own self-governance, which adapts to conventional norms of femininity. In the second part of this article, I demonstrate how the option of non-waiting dismantles and reworks heteronormative life scripts, and offers new subject positions for single women. These reflections propose alternative timetables that allow single women to reclaim their temporal agency and redefine their own temporal rhythms and life trajectories.

c) Le cronache di Santa Cecilia. Un monastero femminile a Roma in età moderna, (n. 5 of the book series “La memoria restituita – Fonti per la storia delle donne”), Rome: Viella 2009.

The book includes the transcription of the Chronicles of the Monastery of St. Cecilia in Trastevere in Rome by Alessia Lirosi (pages 91-310) but also a wide essay by Alessia Lirosi (pages 31-90) and a Foreword by Professor Elena Brambilla of Università Statale di Milano (pages 9-29).

In their 2013 collection, Philosophical Feminism and Popular Culture, co-editors Sharon Crasnow and Joanne Waugh encourage feminist philosophers to focus on popular culture given that it is a chief vehicle for the perpetuation of gender discrimination. They write, "If feminist philosophers do not examine popular culture, they fail to participate in the conversation about gender where it is taking place" (Crasnow and Waugh 2013, 6). Kelly Oliver has taken up the challenge presented by Crasnow and Waugh not only through her contribution to their edited collection, but also through her recent book, Hunting Girls: Sexual Violence from The Hunger Games to Campus Rape. In this relatively short volume, Oliver draws attention to elements of popular culture that converge to contribute to sexual violence against girls and women. These include contemporary popular films such as The Hunger Games, Divergent, Twilight, and Fifty Shades of Grey; classic fairytale archetypes such as Sleep...

Social media has emerged as a powerful mechanism for the circulation of counter-hegemonic and feminist discourses of sexual violence (Michael Salter, 2013). There is now a burgeoning scholarship on the utility of social media for survivors and social movements against gendered violence (Fileborn, 2016; Keller, Mendes, & Ringrose, 2018; Loney-Howes, 2018). However, social media does not merely facilitate political communication. Through its architecture and embedded incentives, it produces sociality and shapes political discourses and practices in specific ways (Milan, 2015). Using the example of #MeToo, this chapter explores how social media directs online justice-seeking in a manner conducive to its underlying commercial interests, generating contradictions and moments of rupture in social movements. Adapting Dean’s (2005) conceptualization of “communicative capitalism”, the chapter examines three allegations of sexual misconduct that departed in significant ways from #MeToo’s prior focus on seeking justice for victims and survivors of sexual violence and harassment. The analysis suggests that market imperatives had a significant role to play in undermining and contradicting #MeToo’s promotion of ethical sexuality, and argues that online social movements should develop a more strategic orientation towards social media and networked technology.

A Woman Who Ruled An Empire by Ruchika Sharma
Review of the Book - EMPRESS: THE ASTONISHING REIGN OF NUR
JAHAN By Ruby Lal
"The Empress, as the title
suggests, puts the spotlight
on Nur Jahan as a political
figure. The book delineates
itself as creative non-fiction,
and a biography at the
outset, by attempting to also
explore the oral narrative
of ‘what exactly the public
knows (or think it knows)
about Empress Nur’ "

focuses on representations of the human body in the writing of Ahdaf Soueif, Fadia Faqir, and Diana Abu Jaber. Following the different paths of cultural translation that the writers inscribe on the mobile ground of the contemporary postcolonial world, the body itself becomes a site of cultural translation, identity negotiation, and testimony to the trauma of dislocation.

St. Birgitta of Sweden (d. 1373) is one of the most celebrated female visionaries and authors of the Middle Ages and a central figure in the history of late-medieval religion. An aristocratic widow, Birgitta left her native country in 1349 and settled in Rome, where she established herself as an outspoken critic of the Avignon Papacy and an advocate of spiritual and ecclesiastical reform. Birgitta founded a new monastic order, and her major work, The Heavenly Book of Revelations, circulated widely in a variety of monastic, reformist, and intellectual milieus following her death.
This volume offers an introduction to the saint and the reception of her work written by experts from various disciplines. In addition to acquainting the reader with the state of the scholarship, the study also presents fresh interpretations and new perspectives on Birgitta and the sources for her life and writings.

A deeply touching and painfully thoughtful expose on the plight of women in Afghanistan, analyzed through the creative lens of Maryam Mahboob's writing. While any political analysis that utilizes literature as its chief source has to be by default analysis through microcosm-anecdotal and intensively minute in everyday life detail-this book is also organized across very important macro-themes, like politics, women's issues, war, radicalization, exile, and identity. Utilizing this structure allows the words at the micro-level to easily connect to the macro-level of international affairs, conflict, and peacebuilding. There is no doubt the true purpose of the work is to bring the reader deep into the psychological conflict and personal turmoil suffered by women throughout the horrific tumult that describes Afghani life and politics for nearly four decades that is seen in Mahboob's works. But it also serves as a powerful launching point for readers who want to pursue the bigger issues that the work takes on, including diaspora dilemmas, gender studies, and religious radicalization's impact on civil society. The chapters could be better organized to maximize that impact but this is a minor quibble. Since its founding as a monthly collection of recommended titles more than 50 years ago, Choice has become the go-to source for librarians seeking worthwhile new titles for their collection. Our publication offers approximately 600 reviews every month, identifying the best new books and digital content in academia. With more than 2,400 institutions served worldwide, Choice is the premier review journal of new academic titles. Choice is the publishing branch of the Association of College & Research Libraries, a division of the American Library Association. Together, Choice and the ACRL provide professional development tools for librarianship. Our webinars, bibliographic essays, and digital publications help librarians strengthen their skills, and further their careers.

Assisted reproductive technologies allow women to sell the service of gestating a fetus, but maintain little or no claim to the product of that labor: the child itself. In the context of transnational Indian surrogacy, this situation is exacerbated by the physical and cultural distance between intended parents and surrogates. The productive nature of the care and nurturing provided through the work of mothering becomes more visible when viewed though the commodification of commercial surrogacy. Once commodified, this work of care also becomes subject to the alienation of capitalist relations, which invites us to investigate the social and economic implications of the work of mothering in surrogacy. I argue that care and nurture in transnational Indian surrogacy invest human vital energy as a form of value directly into other human beings, through the biological and affective labor involved in surrogate work, thereby supporting the lives of those individuals, families and societies that consume this energy.

ABSTRACT
QUALITY OF LIFE FOR WOMEN WITH CHRONIC LYME DISEASE:
A SOCIOECONOMIC INVESTIGATION

                                        MAY 2022

B.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

M.Ed., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

Ed.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

Directed by: Professor Linda Griffin

This is a mixed methods investigation of how chronic Lyme disease, including Lyme-like diseases and co-infections, affects the quality of life of women who have chronic Lyme. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used during three phases of research: a 91-question survey instrument followed by focus group discussions and written narratives. The research considered the socioeconomic impact on quality of life in five areas: obtaining a diagnosis, relationships and personal support systems, struggles with the medical system, the ability to work, and access to treatment. There were 500 responses to the survey, of which 373 were analyzed; 11 participants in the focus groups; and 22 written narratives. The data collected during the quantitative phase supported the design of the qualitative phases and added validity to the findings. The research demonstrated that chronic Lyme disease has a predominantly negative impact on women’s quality of life across all five domains. Among the consequences highlighted by the survey responses were difficulty obtaining a timely diagnosis (72% had multiple misdiagnoses before being diagnosed); stressed relationships (57% reported that family and friends do not understand the impact of the disease); difficulty securing appropriate treatment (86% indicated that primary physicians did not know numerous treatment options); adverse impact on professional lives (75% reported that Lyme interfered with their ability to work); and difficulty finding and paying for treatment (54% did not see a specialist due to affordability). Through collecting and analyzing the data, it also became increasingly apparent that the medical industry operates in a way that does not believe chronic Lyme disease exists. In both focus groups and narratives, most participants recounted experiences of repeatedly having their concerns and symptoms trivialized, dismissed, or disbelieved by health care providers; the combination of deteriorating health and gaslighting led to a sense of worthlessness, feelings of hopelessness, episodes of depression, and more. Financial stability and relationships suffered, sometimes with devastating impact. While my own struggle with chronic Lyme disease was the impetus for this study, the research findings demonstrate how pervasive and deep the challenges are, with consistently negative socioeconomic consequences for women’s quality of life.

This article discusses the barriers to school continuation for pregnant girls and young mothers living in low-income and marginalized contexts in Nairobi, Kenya. In the article, I suggest adopting a girl-centered framework in the policy formulation process (Moletsane, Mitchell, & Lewin, 2015). This perspective puts girls' voices at the center of the policy formulation process to help address the persistent gender inequality in education through problem identification and an exploration of ways to combat the challenges faced by girls. The article, which analyzes studies of government's education policies, is supported by data from my recent fieldwork investigating young mothers' challenges to school continuation and re-entry in Kenya, within the context of Kenya's re-entry and continuation policy effected in 1994. I discuss the school re-entry and continuation policies in low-income contexts using the framework of critical feminism. I argue that there is need to integrate multi-pronged, participatory and feminist frameworks to promote systematic government educational policy reforms to shore up gender equality (King & Winthrop, 2015). To support this argument, I develop three main claims: (a) broad conceptualization of the causes of teenage pregnancy will promote the use of multi-pronged approaches to the design of school re-entry and continuation policies; (b) formulation and implementation of any robust policies on re-entry and continuation require strong integration of the voices, perspectives and the lived experiences of pregnant teenage girls and young mothers; and (c) the use of participatory visual methodologies will give voice to pregnant girls and young mothers, and promote policy dialogue while at the same time empowering them and spurring their agency to become part of policy formulation and implementation.

In the late Cold War era, activist coalitions across the world spontaneously converted dozens of vacant lots into liberated zones as forms of spatial protest, often calling them "People's Parks." This pattern of People's Parks reveals a historical moment in which activist identities and social justice communities began to take root within the urban environment. Focusing on two case studies of postwar insurgent park creation as protest, Berkeley's People's Park and San Diego's Chicano Park, this article traces how gender and race shaped the People's Park movement in the postwar era. While often described as utopian zones, park creations became processes in which activists reproduced inequality within their own social justice circles, including marginalizing and sexualizing women, and nearly erasing women of color. This paper illuminates how women began to challenge sexism within these spaces by using labor, their bodies, and their art as tools to claim space within these movements for spatial power in complex ways. By centering women's voices in an analysis of urban green space as a coalitional issue in this era, this work reveals how gender shaped the systemic power inequities within this movement.

Maria Paola ZANOBONI, Donne al lavoro nell’Italia e nell’Europa medievali (secc.XIII-XV), Milano, Jouvence, 2016
VINCITORE DEL PREMIO ITALIAMEDIEVALE 2017:
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Prendendo in considerazione la svariata casistica italiana ed europea tra il secolo XIII e la fine del XV, questo libro intende sfatare i molteplici luoghi comuni sul lavoro femminile medievale che lo consideravano limitato soltanto ad alcune attività del comparto tessile ed alimentare, sottopagato, in costante dipendenza o correlazione con l’attività del consorte, esterno alle corporazioni per volontà delle corporazioni stesse. Un po’ dovunque, in Italia e in Europa, nel secolo XIII come nel XV, la realtà era invece un’altra: donne che lavoravano in tutti i possibili settori, compresa l’edilizia, le miniere e le saline; imprenditrici che si autofinanziavano con propri capitali ottenuti dalla vendita di abiti e gioielli; retribuzioni commisurate “alle reali capacità” e quindi non dipendenti dal genere; donne che col proprio lavoro riuscivano a mantenere sé stesse e familiari in difficoltà, o a saldare i debiti dei mariti; nobildonne impegnate nelle attività più varie: dall’organizzazione di laboratori per il ricamo, alla gestione di miniere, alla direzione di opere di bonifica, all’impianto di caseifici, alla gestione di alberghi.
Dotate di notevolissime capacità organizzative nella flessibilità estrema dei loro ruoli, erano le donne stesse a tenersi fuori dalle associazioni professionali, che, per parte loro, in genere ne tolleravano il “lavoro nero”, senza escluderle , ma cercando al contrario di obbligarle ad iscriversi quando avevano necessità di tenerle sotto controllo.
L’apprendistato femminile esisteva, spesso in modo informale, e tendeva ad emergere in casi particolari, quando erano le lavoratrici stesse ad aver bisogno di un attestato che dimostrasse le loro capacità (ad esempio nella lavorazione di materie prime preziose). Talvolta erano invece le corporazioni ad imporre alle donne la stipulazione scritta del contratto di apprendistato, soprattutto in settori importanti per la salute della collettività (come la confezione del pane).

Maria Paola ZANOBONI, Donne al lavoro nell’Italia e nell’Europa medievali (secc.XIII-XV), Milano, Jouvence, 2016
The traditional opinion considered female labour in medieval age low paid worrk restricted to textile and feeding fields only and generally dependent on husband’s work, outside of guilds.
On the contrary, a considerable body of evidence resulting from researches on Italian and European documents of XIII century up to the end of XV century, shows that during XIII, XIV and XV centuries in several European countries female work was employed in almost all fields of activity, including buildings, mines, salt processing. Women’s wages were proportional to their real capacity and were not conditioned by gender.
In many cases women succeeded in supporting the whole family (or discharging their husband’s debts) by their own work. Moreover some women sold their dresses and jewels to obtain capitals in order to establish a firm. Noblewomen were involved in very different jobs as embroidery workshops organization, mines and reclamation management, dairy establishment, hotel management.
Women showed a remarkable ability in work organization in spite of the enormous variety of their tasks and they preferred to be outside of guilds; on the other hand guilds tolerated this type of black work but tried to compel women to be registered when a special control was needed.
Female apprenticeship was often informal but in particular cases it was displaied when workers needed to demonstrate their ability in some jobs such as precious raw materials manufacture. In other cases guilds obliged women to stipulate a written apprenticeship contract, particularly in public health fields, for example to knead

Cover image: A seated woman giving birth aided by a midwife and two other attendants with a display of the equipment typical of a midwife of the times. The woman, sitting on a birth-stool, is being delivered by a midwife whose obstetrical instruments are in a bag fastened to her girdle and hanging behind her. A tub of water stands on the floor in readiness for the newborn while scissors for dividing the umbilical cord and string for tying it sit on a table nearby. In the background two men are shown observing the sky through a window, represented with a new moon and stars, ready to cast the horoscope of the new arrival. Source: a woodcut from Jacob Rueff (1500-1588), De conceptu et generatione hominis, first published in 1554 in both Latin and German.

The 1930s were the last years of the Age of Sail. The tall ships that had carried the cargoes of the world were slowly being scrapped. Their beauty, and the adventures they promised beckoned young men—and a few women—to go to sea. Women faced unique obstacles in entering this essentially male world. I have assembled six case histories of women who managed to make a voyage using memoirs and newspaper articles, and have illustrated them with period photographs.
Rose

Multicultural feminism adalah cabang dari teori feminis yang banyak mengkritik teori feminis yang cenderung mengabaikan interseksi dan menggeneralisir pengalaman perempuan dalam satu suara. Kuliah ini merupakan bagian dari kuliah Teori Feminis yang diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Kajian Gender - Sekolah Kajian Stratejik dan Global Universitas Indonesia.

1 Timothy 2:8-15 is one of the most debated passages in the New Testament. This is an exegetical analysis which takes a look at all aspects of this passage including genre, background, textual variants, syntactical ambiguities, and semantic ambiguities.

First- and second-wave Western European feminists struggled to realize full access to civil rights for women and the creation of a participatory democracy that ensured social solidarity. They consequently stressed the fact that in addition to the struggle for civil rights, women needed to contest the dominant images of womanhood. However, the initial deeply political commitment to participatory democracy and social justice included goals which, with hindsight, simultaneously served the neoliberal vocabulary of autonomy, choice, and meritocratic advancement. The ethical–political second-wave nuance, one geared toward justice for all rather than merely toward equality and emancipation, needs to be reactivated in the context of twenty-first-century feminist activism. The challenge for twenty-first-century third-wave feminists, therefore, is to develop and practice an activism that continues truly to connect the local and the global, the private and the public, the personal and the political, the empirical and the symbolical.

The book draws on an extensive archive of over one hundred oral narratives collected and recorded with Iraqi women in three settlement sites: Amman, Detroit, and Toronto. It demonstrates how the relationship between ethno-religious migrants, nation, and citizenship are shaped by the traumatic experiences of forced displacement and integration into new communities and national imaginaries. The book also examines broader historical trends that have precipitated migration from Iraq, and shaped existing networks into which these women integrate in North America. While informed by research into the limited archival documentary record on Iraqis in North America, the book is first and foremost a study of gender and memory that centers women’s oral histories. It also examines how contemporary debates on global citizenship and religious feminism resonate for the individual. By historicizing the process by which ethno-religious and ethno-national communities become fractured and remade, the book explores the expectations and realities of women as the supposed biological and cultural reproducers of the nation. In diaspora, the Iraqi women of my study asserted their claims to indigeneity and belonging across three different generations, thereby opening up spaces to discuss how sites of migration shape the ability of migrants to lobby for ‘the homeland’ even as they engage in daily struggles to advance their education and economic stability in Canada and the U.S.

Women from all around the world have some difficulties in their daily and business lives. Most of the difficulties that women have faced with is about gender discrimination and patriarchal ideas. On the way of being a member of the EU, Turkey tried to keep pace with the EU and its laws, but women were always faced with patriarchy, ideologies of closed minded society. While the laws and regulations should encourage women to work and give them opportunities to make them show up in society, some laws and regulations discourage women and give an idea of patriarchy. Studies are not enough to show this big problem and defend this topic, but they nearly focus on every issue that women has in daily life and in business life. My research gives some opinions and show some studies about the problems of women such as gender equality policies, patriarchal ideas of the society and gender based discrimination. The aim of my research is to give an information about the problems and obstacles which exists in Turkey about women, inequality of the genders and show that most of the women have been under controlled by men. Literature Review on the problems of gender based discrimination policies and its effects on women's employment and their daily life while Turkey is on the way of being a member of EU Women always had difficulties in life and they carry a lot of work on their shoulders. There are many researchs about this topic and the articles that I found while I was searching was impressive. They generally talk about the difficulties that women has in their life such as patriarchy, ideologies in society, work conditions, wages and education level. However, some laws and regulations made by Turkey especially to keep pace with EU or developmental countries about gender equality, good work conditions for women, economical laws etc. to make these problems solved. Time by time these issues were searched by students,

Electronics manufacturing sector historically employ a large number of women. This sector has a lot of potential to absorb the growing female labour force in India. The government of India recently focusing on development of manufacturing sector under " Make in India " scheme with electronics as a priority sector. In this context, the present paper attempt to understand the employment profile of women by comparing with men in the sector. Most importantly, this is a grey area in Indian academia. There are very few studies which are based primarily upon the case studies and other type of methods. But till now there are hardly any attempt has been made to highlight the importance of this area with the help of Government of India data source. Thus, National Sample Survey 68 th round (2011-12) data has been used for the analysis in the present paper. The results reveal that there is still a huge gap exists between female and male work participation, status of employment and earnings in electronics manufacturing sector. Women are still employed at lower level jobs and getting lower wages, social security benefits and have lower union presence than their male counterparts.