WEB DEVELOPMENT

As yet, there are no specialists in the application of information technology to education and training. However, this is one of the fastest growing areas on the Internet due to the recent perception of the enormous potential for the use of Web resources for this purpose. This has attracted the attention of researchers in industry and the academic world who are currently developing various models and products for Web-based education and training. In this paper, AulaNet is presented, an environment for the creation and maintenance of Web-based courses designed for the layman. Resources for the implementation of the conceptual framework are described, and AulaNet is also compared to other similar Web-based environments. (Contains 34 references.) (Author/YDS) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.

Our project "Generic Portals" 1 focuses on the possibilities and problems created by the usage of web-technologies to support web-based Digital Library applications. We observe a divergence of services in the sphere of structured resources and scientific libraries´ services. Publications in the form of digital resources have introduced new dynamics into the information exchange in the scientific communities. The changes in the publication process are formed by so-called structured resources, whereas the resource can be seen as an encapsulated object. For the exchange of information we have only to know the interface of the structured resource in detail. W3C has published a working draft which includes a language named Web Service Description Language (WSDL) for describing interfaces of services. A Web service interface is a shared connection between functional components of applications. We consider the requirements for the integration of DL-applications via Web services. We present an adapted process model for supply of DL-oriented Web services. Further we present a component-based approach to relate researchers´ activities to so-called DL-oriented Web services. We obtain criteria for the description of DL-oriented Web services based on the researchers´ working process. Finally, we present a brief overview what kind of Web technologies might be reused for a prototypical implementation of DL-oriented Web services.

Today, web is growing rapidly, the users get easily lost in the web"s rich hyper structure. The primary goal of the web site owner is to provide the relevant information to the users to fulfill their needs. Web mining technique is used to categorize users and pages by analyzing users behavior, the content of pages and order of URLs accessed. This paper presents two web mining techniques namely, web content mining and web usage mining in the process of extracting conceptual relationships, and applying web structure mining process which focus on fully-structured form. Web structure mining has used in developing ontologies and help to retrieving process.

The Full Stack Development course at IDM Techpark spans four months, offering an in-depth curriculum that covers a wide array of technologies and frameworks essential for modern web development. Students begin with foundational topics such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, gradually advancing to more complex subjects like server-side scripting, database management, and the use of various web frameworks. The course places a strong emphasis on practical, hands-on experience, ensuring that learners can apply theoretical knowledge to real-world projects. Curriculum Highlights • Front-End Development: Students delve into HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript, learning to create responsive and interactive user interfaces. The curriculum also includes training in popular front-end frameworks and libraries, enhancing the efficiency and aesthetics of web applications.

Nowadays, the Web constitutes an integral part of higher education and offers an unprecedented level of access to information and services. The increasing number of students with disabilities in higher education emphasizes the need of universities and colleges to make the necessary adjustments to ensure their Web content accessibility. Despite the development of technical standards and accessibility legislation, studies around the world have consistently shown that Web content accessibility remains a concern in higher education. Mandatory Web accessibility in Israel is at an early stage. The scope of the legal requirements applicable to higher education is not entirely resolved. The aim of this research is to explore the current implementation of Web accessibility in the Israeli higher education context, during a period of evolving legal changes in this regard. An automated evaluation tool was used to measure the adherence of the sample Web pages to the technical standards. Results show that all examined Web pages presented accessibility barriers and were non-compliant with the most basic conformance level. "Contrast" and "missing alternative text" errors were the most frequent problems identified in the evaluation. The library's Web pages exhibit relatively better level of accessibility compared to the other examined Web pages of the university. The research highlights the need for clear and enforceable legislation to encourage academic Web accessibility. Additionally, technical training and awareness raising could be key elements in improving accessibility. Web accessibility • University websites • Students with disabilities • Accessibility legislation • Institutions of higher education * Hila Laufer Nir

Web search engines are now major tools that people use to find information on the Web. Few studies have examined the extent and functionality of these Web searching tools that support Spanish-speaking users. Our study identified 72 publically available Spanish-language-supporting Web search engines. The research questions are the following: a) What Web searching tools are available to Spanish speaking users?, b) What are the features of these tools?, c) What are the current web search engine restrictions? d) What are the functionalities of multimedia Web search engines that allow searching in Spanish? The Web functionality methodology developed by Tjondronegoro and Spink was adapted and modified to examine the functionality of Spanish Web search engines. The findings include: (1) limited set of Web search features for Spanish-speaking users, (2) a lack of Spanish language interfaces, (3) lack of functionality in 18% of the Web searching tools examined, and (4) due to the high interest in Spanish language media, a need for multimedia Web search tools to support Spanish language users. Further research is needed to examine the needs of Spanish language users and the development of Spanish language Web search tools.

A Portable server is the combination of popular web server software, namely Apache, MySQL, PHP and PhpMyAdmin. With a portable server, users can develop and display a developed website anywhere at any time as all web server configurations have been installed on the storage drive. Portable servers are ideal for displaying the offline version of the website anywhere when developing a website. Using a mobile server as well, users do not need hosting that requires complicated configuration and can be used to run tests before putting the website online. This study aims to obtain preliminary findings on building portable web server development kits for the teaching and learning process.

The Web evolves rapidly. Day by day & WWW is currently experiencing a revolutionary growth due to its increasing participative community software applications. This paper highlights an emerging application development paradigm on the WWW, called mashup. Which uses latest generation of WWW tools and services enable web users to generate web applications that combine content from multiple sources, and provide them as unique services by adding values that suit their situational needs. This type of web applications is referred to as a Mashup. As blogs have enabled anyone to become a publisher, mashups stimulate web development by allowing anyone to combine existing data to develop single interactive web application. Current applications of mashups include tracking of events such as crime, hurricanes, earthquakes, meta-search integration of data and media feeds, interactive games, and as an organizer for web resources in a single interface. The implications of this emerging web integration and structuring paradigm remains yet to be explored fully. This paper describes mashups from a number of angles, highlighting current developments while providing sufficient illustrations to indicate its potential implications and their whole status in programmable Web.The role of Mashups on the web are presented, and existing & open emerging tools that assist in Mashup development are introduced.

This paper aims at showing the necessity and importance of several experimental studies during the life-cycle of a website. As a case study a web based platform for ecotourism is used. For this purpose, a prototype system, called EcoZante, was developed and different experiments took place. In the early stages of the systems’ life-cycle, an empirical study was conducted with the participation of real users, in order to embrace the main interests of users in the domain. After the implementation of the prototype, two evaluation experiments took place. In the first experiment an expert-based usability evaluation was implemented using a specific framework. Then a summative evaluation with the participation of real users was implemented for almost a year. The results of this evaluation experiments resulted in re-designing the user interface and improving the system. Finally, a comparative evaluation experiment was implemented involving the new improved web-based platform.

CV. Hexsfal Dua Putra Banjarmasin merupakan perusahaan bergerak dalam bidang souvenir dan percetakan. CV Hexsfal Dua Putra akan mengolah produk berdasarkan pesanan yang diberikan oleh pelanggan melalui e-mail, telepon atau pelanggan bisa langsung datang ke alamat yang tertera. Dari permasalahan dalam proses pemesanan pada perusahaan ini adalah masih menggunakan sistem yang manual sehingga data-data yang dimasukkan tidak terkomputerisasi. Dalam penelitian ini pengumpulan data mengunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara langsung, Permodelan yang digunakan dalam proses pembuatan sistem pembangunan perangkat lunak menggunakan Unified Modeling Language untuk menggambarkan bagaimana sistem yang nantinya akan berjalan. Bahasa pemprograman yang digunakan adalah PHP, dan MySQL sebagai manajemen database Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat dan menghasilkan perangkat lunak yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah pengolahan data secara cepat, tepat dan akurat yang terhubung kedatabase maka mempermuda...

In recent years, the rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has enabled the development of innovative solutions for fire detection and notification systems. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based fire detection and notification system aimed at providing early warning and enhancing response times in the event of a fire. The system utilizes various sensors, including temperature, smoke, and flame sensors, to accurately detect the presence of fire. Upon detection, the system immediately transmits alerts to predefined contacts via multiple communication channels such as SMS, email, and mobile applications. Additionally, the system can trigger alarms and activate sprinkler systems to mitigate the spread of fire. The proposed system offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for improving fire safety in residential, commercial, and industrial settings, ultimately minimizing the risk of property damage and loss of life.

A field study was conducted on a team of collaborating designers who used a variety of internet-based media to co-ordinate their activities. The paper focuses on their work practices, specifically those of their conversational resources in organising collaboration and structuring their workspaces for future reuse. The team was interdisciplinary and both locally (office spaces spread over a single site) and temporally (across different time zones) distributed. As well as face-to-face meetings, their resources included a shared web-space, web-development software, telephones, videoconferencing, email, Hypermail, and CAD software. Our findings demonstrate that it was not enough that the team maintained a persistent record of their communication. It was also critical that this record was archived and accessible in an appropriate media for rapid and effortless re-use, and that it be dynamically re-configurable to adapt to the team members' changing communication and informational requirements over the project lifecycle. From the findings we develop implications for the design of persistent network-based solutions for this information referral and review.

Web sites on the Internet can be accessed through a growing range of device categories, resulting in a variety of technologies for applications development and languages. This profusion of languages and technologies results in an additional difficulty for web sites developers to provide information and services to other devices beyond personal computers, despite the effort expended by entities such as the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) to specify a common language for development to all devices. This effort has been insufficient to meet the need for a common language in order to develop websites to all device categories currently in use. That's the reason why developers who wants to create web sites for mobile devices need to establish strategies for treatment, in their applications, of requests coming from other devices than personal computers. The objective of this paper is to investigate the challenges of providing content to different access device categories and methods to...

The World Wide Web is increasing in the random rate of web pages and all web pages are rapidly updated about the need of user. Web search engine downloads web pages and the user cannot take the relevant update information for World Wide Web within short period of time. In this paper, we represent novel technique which helps in downloading the updated relevant web pages from World Wide Web. We will be implementing a new algorithm which can find out the update web page on World Wide Web.

UX/UI design is a cornerstone of modern web development, focusing on creating visually appealing, accessible, and user-friendly digital experiences. By enhancing user engagement, driving conversions, and building brand credibility, it plays a vital role in achieving business goals. Core principles like user-centered design, consistency, simplicity, and responsiveness ensure seamless interaction across devices. Collaboration between designers and developers bridges creativity and functionality, delivering efficient and impactful digital products in an increasingly competitive online landscape.

Currently, a large variety of infrastructures are targeting 3D models. Recently, several overview reports on extant platforms and repositories [1-5] and 3D visualization frameworks and formats [6] were compiled. Infrastructures differ from services by including tools or services and facilities for operation. Particularly for 3D models, there is a main difference between such as repositories and aggregators for storing, collecting, and preserving 3D data as well as 3D viewers or virtual research environments that allow access to 3D models and research activities with them. • What are the types of infrastructures? • What are current challenges and developments? • Linked open data • Virtual research environments • 3D information systems

With the rapid expansion of online technology in recent years, there is a strong trend that Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)5 will become a global web consortium and will lead the front-end. to take stage in the history of the internet There are, however, a slew of front-end development frameworks to choose from., Angular, and are examples of libraries. How to Choose appropriate framework or library to launch an e-business and expand its react. It becomes a priority procedure to the user experience.in terms of web development This paper begins with an introduction a list of the most popular frameworks and libraries in the field of front-end development and web performance analysis services. This paper examines the research findings from a variety of perspectives. The advantages and disadvantages of each framework will be described in this study., the study concludes with a summary, the contributions, and finishes by speculating on the future of front-end development

In the age of the digital revolution, websites are a critical component in establishing an online organizational presence. The main aim of this paper is to deliver a model that may provide guidelines, specifically for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), including those in resource-scarce contexts, in determining the most viable strategy for setting up and managing their own website. The deliverance of the Combined Cost and Technical Skill Model for Website Development contributes not only to the theory on web development, but also offers guidance to SMEs with planning their web development strategies, specifically when taking into account the core components of cost and technical skills in resource-scarce contexts. This, in turn, may assist SMEs with increasing their online presence maturity, possibly also allowing them to compete with larger organizations at an international scale.

Models are placed by modeling paradigm at the center of development process. These models are represented by languages, like UML the language standardized by the OMG which became necessary for development. Moreover the ontology engineering paradigm places ontologies at the center of development process; in this paradigm we find OWL the principal language for knowledge representation. Building ontologies from scratch is generally a difficult task. The bridging between UML and OWL appeared on several regards such as the classes and associations. In this paper, we have to profit from convergence between UML and OWL to propose an approach based on Meta-Modelling and Graph Grammars and registered in the MDA architecture for the automatic generation of OWL ontologies from UML class diagrams. The transformation is based on transformation rules; the level of abstraction in these rules is close to the application in order to have usable ontologies. We illustrate this approach by an example.

Разработка приложения осуществляется на базе графической платформы Unity 5. Данное приложение будет включать в себя алфавит, словарь жестов и переводчик текстов. С его помощью возможно уменьшение проблем в общении глухим людей.Application development is based on the graphics platform Unity 5. This application will include the alphabet, vocabulary, gestures, and text translator. With its help it is possible to reduce communication problems for deaf people

Although the library's Web site has become a standard tool for seeking information and conducting research in academic institutions, there are a variety of ways libraries approach the often challenging-and sometimes daunting-process of Web site development and maintenance. Three librarians at Western Michigan University explored issues related to this topic by conducting a Web-based survey, which was sent to two librarians-Web services and reference / public services-at 149 academic institutions. Survey findings are discussed, including references to Web departments and committees, priority setting, Web authoring, soliciting input, outsourcing, content management systems, redesigns, and user involvement. The participants' insights regarding greatest challenges and what seems to be working or not working well are also outlined, in addition to the authors' suggestions for future research in this area. After a year of planning, the library's new Web site has gone live! The students and faculty love it, so those who wove the intricate new Web site can now relax, right? As today's librarians know, the academic library's Web site is a work in progress, and there is no rest for the weary weavers. The Web site has become the library's calling card and primary window to its collections and services as well as the main interface between the library and its clientele. Developing and managing this multi-layered, sometimes slippery entity can be a great challenge given the overwhelming amount of information it contains. How do college and university libraries approach and manage this process? That was our question and consequently the aim of a survey we conducted in late spring 2008. Literature Review A literature search on Web development in academic libraries yielded a variety of useful titles. However, for the purposes of this discussion, we concentrated on literature that alluded to the primary development and management of the Web site and the role of the developers. We did not include many works that addressed usability, for example, since this is such a distinct area of study. There were a number of questions posed and answered in the literature related to our research. These fell into several categories: (1) who are the Web developers, and what do they do?; (2) how are Web groups selected, and what is their role in the Web process?; and (3) how do libraries engage users in Web development? A key article by Ruth Sara Connell (2008) incorporated all these elements and most closely pertained to the content of this article. She reported on a survey of Web developers in academic libraries that explored the demographics and duties of people responsible for Web development; outsourcing; the characteristics, size, abilities, and selection of Web teams; resources and technology used for development; accessibility; and usability testing. Connell said nearly half the institutions surveyed indicated they had one Web designer, and the majority of them held other duties in conjunction with the Web. Two surveys by Mary K. Taylor (2000) and Jason Kneip (2007) further examined particulars about library Webmasters. They both investigated educational background, Web training, job titles and duties, and workload. Although these studies were close to a decade apart, both researchers found about three-quarters of Webmasters held MLIS degrees; more than 80 percent considered themselves self-taught (in addition to other formal training); and roughly 60 percent in both studies reported having responsibilities in addition to the Web site, supporting Connell's findings. One area of difference that emerged was the Webmasters' perceptions of their library school training in Web development-in 2000, 71 percent of the Webmasters considered their library school preparation "inadequate," while in 2007, only about 55 percent shared this opinion. Taylor also found more than 80 percent of Webmasters were either "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with their positions (120). The majority of the pertinent articles related to the selection, function, and dynamics of the Web team. Jennifer Church and Kyle Felker (2005), Jessica Burdman (1999), and Jerilyn R. Veldof and Shane Nackerud (2001) outlined recommended roles and skills for members of Web teams. Burdman emphasized several elements necessary for collaborative Web development, including planning, assembling the Web team, communicating effectively, managing change, and administering a large-scale content site. Additional considerations for group work suggested by Church and Felker were a clear-cut definition of the Web team's authority, accountability, and adequate technical training-as the authors said, "A Web team without sufficient knowledge is a huge white elephant" (549). Veldof and Nackerud referred to several academic library projects to illustrate the variety of knowledge and skills and the level of diversity needed to create a successful Web site, including project management, graphic design, information architecture, and accessibility for users with disabilities. Debra Engel and Sarah Robbins (2003) focused on the benefits of collaboration that improved the University of Oklahoma Libraries' Web site. Of interest is that both library faculty and staff members representing major areas of the library worked together on a large Web committee. The following elements led to the group's success: establishing objectives with deadlines and ground rules for group interaction (e.g., zero tolerance for attacks on individuals) and using small work groups to accomplish a variety of tasks. In a timely new book published by the Association of College and Research

Strong encryption algorithms and reliable anonymity routing have made cybercrime investigation more challenging. Hence, one option for law enforcement agencies (LEAs) is to search through unencrypted content on the Internet or anonymous communication networks (ACNs). The capability of automatically harvesting web content from web servers enables LEAs to collect and preserve data prone to serve as potential leads, clues, or evidence in an investigation. Although scientific studies have explored the field of web crawling soon after the inception of the web, few research studies have thoroughly scrutinised web crawling on the ''dark web'', or ACNs, such as I2P, IPFS, Freenet, and Tor. The current paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) that examines the prevalence and characteristics of dark web crawlers. From a selection of 58 peer-reviewed articles mentioning crawling and the dark web, 34 remained after excluding irrelevant articles. The literature review showed that most dark web crawlers were programmed in Python, using either Selenium or Scrapy as the web scraping library. The knowledge gathered from the systematic literature review was used to develop a Tor-based web crawling model into an already existing software toolset customised for ACN-based investigations. Finally, the performance of the model was examined through a set of experiments. The results indicate that the developed crawler was successful in scraping web content from both clear and dark web pages, and scraping dark marketplaces on the Tor network. The scientific contribution of this paper entails novel knowledge concerning ACN-based web crawlers. Furthermore, it presents a model for crawling and scraping clear and dark websites for the purpose of digital investigations. The conclusions include practical implications of dark web content retrieval and archival, such as investigation clues and evidence, and related future research topics. INDEX TERMS Cybercrime, digital forensics, systematic literature review, dark web crawling, Tor.

Navigation is the least understood aspect of web accessibility for many web developers, but is the most important for providing users with disabilities equal access to the web. It seems that the ability of users with disabilities to navigate over the web is not dependent on the graphical complexity, but on the markup used to create the structure of the website. Therefore, it's necessary to design some software helpers to help all users to mark themselves in space during a session of navigation. It provides a map of visited sites, thus giving an explicit representation of virtual space. Various levels of visualization are set up to make the map more visible and less overloaded.

This study aims to understand the general web accessibility of digital information networks which may serve as barriers for access to the global discipline of Communication through institutional and departmental websites, specifically for persons with disabilities and those with limited English proficiency (LEP). Our exploratory content analysis relies on computer-aided software to systematically analyze the departmental home pages of websites of institutional members of the International Communication Association (ICA), N = 77, representing 26 countries, globally. Findings from this study help us to: (1) better understand the general web, language, and mobile accessibility of discipline-related online information; (2) identify strengths and opportunities for improvement; and, (3) to reflect upon the anticipated barriers impacting persons with disabilities when accessing higher education information online.

Distributed Denial-of-Service attacks are becoming increasingly pervasive, especially in web-based applications, and their impact have been devastating and affect businesses and organisations negatively. This research highlights web-based applications which enables users connect with a remote server via a web browser. The web apps are used on a range of devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones, which are prone to various attacks and predominantly DDoS attacks. Consequently, effective strategies, Mitigation Service are proposed for detecting DDoS attacks and blocking malicious traffic from web-applications.

O Cloud Computing tem emergido como sendo um novo paradigma para entrega de serviços através da Internet. Neste mercado em expansão, o serviço de PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) tem sido objeto de grande interesse por parte das mais variadas organizações permitindo o fácil deployment de aplicações sem necessidade de uma infraestrutura dedicada, instalação de dependências ou configuração de servidores. No entanto, cada fornecedor de solução PaaS acaba por gerar um lock-in do utilizador às suas características proprietárias, tecnologias ou APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). Além disso, dando como garantida a conectividade até aos clientes, a rede de operadores como seja o caso da Portugal Telecom (PT) acaba por servir apenas de dumb-pipe entre o fornecedor e os seus clientes. Este projeto foca-se na especificação, desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma camada de abstração que visa unificar os processos de gestão e aquisição de informação sobre aplicações e bases de dados criadas através de diversos PaaS, de modo a combater o lock-in existente no mercado. Neste sentido, um utilizador de PaaS pode selecionar a plataforma mais adequada para uma aplicação interagindo de forma idêntica com qualquer fornecedor suportado, tendo também a possibilidade de migrar aplicações entre fornecedores distintos. Assim sendo, um operador como a PT tem agora a possibilidade de agir como um mediador entre os utilizadores e os fornecedores de PaaS.

Web access for users with disabilities is an important goal and challenging problem for web content developers and designers. This paper presents a comparison of different methods for finding accessibility problems affecting users who are blind. Our comparison focuses on techniques that might be of use to Web developers without accessibility experience, a large and important group that represents a major source of inaccessible pages. We compare a laboratory study with blind users to an automated tool, expert review by web designers with and without a screen reader, and remote testing by blind users. Multiple developers, using a screen reader, were most consistently successful at finding most classes of problems, and tended to find about 50% of known problems. Surprisingly, a remote study with blind users was one of the least effective methods. All of the techniques, however, had different, complementary strengths and weaknesses.

Selama ini, sistem irigasi dilakukan secara manual. Akan tetapi, terkadang kita tidak punya cukup waktu untuk melihat secara berkala. Oleh karena itu, kita membutuhkan suatu alat yang dapat membantu untuk sistem irigasi. Alat tersebut berupa sistem yang dapat bekerja secara otomatis. Dengan menggunakan alat ini, maka diharapkan pengairan tanaman dapat dilakukan pada waktu dan saat yang tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat suatu alat pengukur air dengan arduino atmega 328 sebagai pengendali utama, sensor kelembaban tanah dan sensor ultrasonic . Kata Kunci: temperatur, mikrokontroler, sensor

Information system in any organization is an essential element. For this purposed, many organization spend budget to buy a good system in order to have a reliable system to be operated in their organization. Many systems that invented are focused on the user friendly element e.g. easy to print out the document, available in cellphone and easy to access from anywhere. The proposed project developed student information that be used in Faculty of Electronics & Computer Engineering (FKEKK) and is known as the Student Information System (SIS). This system focused on recording and updating the student data. It is also will provide report for the lecturer who wanted to check their student status. Besides, this system was developed based on the forms oriented which used by the existing Staff Information System before. This new system used database concept to store all the information, which related to land application processes. As guidance for this project development, Rapid Application Design (RAD) methodology is used. As the conclusion, the software was fully functional and achieved the objectives. This system will contribute a new knowledge to the student information system and give the ease to the user for making arrangement or scheduling the student matters. This system will give a better performance in arranging the lecturer and student information without having to do it manually. For the future improvement, it is suggested that this system available and able to be used through cellular phone as the nowadays demand.

Анотація. У сучасному цифровому середовищі безпека веб-ресурсів набуває первинної важливості через постійне зростання кількості веб-вразливостей. Це створює потенційні ризики для користувачів та бізнесу. В цьому контексті, стандарти та методології для виявлення веб-вразливостей служать ключовим інструментом у їх ідентифікації та усуненні. Два провідних стандарти у цій області, OWASP Top 10 та CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration), надають докладні рекомендації та огляди поширених вразливостей. Однак, вони мають різниці у підходах до класифікації та оцінки вразливостей. Ця стаття зосереджена на глибокому аналізі та порівнянні цих стандартів, виявленні їх переваг та обмежень. Основна мета полягає у розробці рекомендацій для оптимізації використання цих стандартів, адаптованих до специфічних потреб організацій, щоб забезпечити вищий рівень безпеки веб-ресурсів. Ключові слова: веб-вразливості; стандарти безпеки; OWASP; CWE; адаптація стандартів; оцінка вразливостей.

Constructing server-based Web applications requires creating both Web pages and programs that generate Web pages. This requires a knowledge of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) protocol, and a programming language, such as C++, Python, or Perl. While this is not a barrier for programmers, it is for non-programmers. This paper describes WebWriter, an integrated system for constructing Web applications that supports the creation of Web pages by non-programmers. WebWriter includes a direct manipulation Web page editor, the WebWriter Editor, which runs in a Web browser as a CGI service, and the WebWriter Page Generator, which creates new pages as an application runs. As in HyperCard, users create a Web application as a stack of pages, where each page can contain output regions that are filled in at runtime by a script. This paper describes the WebWriter system, issues of server-based authoring tools, and some example applications.

There are a large number of websites serving valuable content that can be used by higher-level applications, Web Services, Mashups etc. Yet, due to various reasons (lack of computing resources, financial constraints etc.) they are unable to provide Web Service APIs to access their data. In their desire to incorporate the latest and greatest technologies, as well as to adapt layouts that are more preferred by users, websites undergo change over time. These changes can range from minor, e.g. function name changes, to major, e.g., shifting the web platform to AJAX technologies. This paper addresses the problem of detecting layout changes for websites which are unable to provide any Web Service to access their content, yet do not mind others harvesting said content.

Introduction: Rapid growth in Web application has increased the researcher's interest at this time. Everyone is surrounded by a computer network. A Web Application is a very useful application used to communicate and transfer data. An application that is accessed through a web browser is called the Web application network. Web caching is a known strategy to improve the performance of

Web Applications are the predominant medium for not only business enterprises but also for service-based sector to establish and continue their online presence. However, the robustness of web application is mandatory in seamless interaction with customers for achieving sustainable business. Intruders and unethical hackers keep trying to gain unauthentic access to the web applications and hence it is more necessary for the web application to be resistant against any such attacks. The strength of a web application is indirectly responsible for gaining customer confidence leading to repeat business as well as attracting new customers for profitable longer run. Once the web application gains credibility it is bound to run successfully. In the current work, an attempt has been made to assess the robustness of mutation operators used to test web applications is made. A few rubrics have been proposed to ascertain the strength of projected mutation operators verified on some sample open-source web applications. The functional attributes of a web application are the functionalities offered by the web application. The non-functional attributes of a typical web application are security, performance, availability. Here, web applications are challenged against the afore mentioned non-functional attributes using rubrics like uniformity, uniqueness, reliability, unpredictability, and entropy. A comprehensive analysis has been made for the robustness of the projected web operators against the designed and formulated rubrics.

Nowadays, web developers are required to choose between Single-Page Application (SPA) or Server-Side Rendering (SSR). Both types of web applications have their own advantages and disadvantages. Currently, most developers use Javascript to be able to perform computations on the client side even though the web application built is SSR. Scripts in Javascript are compiled by the web browser before the functions in the script can be used by the user. These functions will be executed on the client side so that computation does not need to be done on the server side. Since the use of Javascript is by sending source code to the client to be compiled and executed, WebAssembly (Wasm) allows the server to send those functions in precompiled binary files. The functions contained in the binary can be used by web applications and will be executed on the client side, so the browser doesn't need to compile it first to use existing functions. In this paper, we utilize Wasm to perform data proces...

Computer programming concepts are inherently abstract in form and intangible in essence, and so, to many a student, they are intuitively challenging to understand. This is a contributory factor to high students’ failure rate in higher education introductory computing courses. Metaphors are known to be central to ordinary natural language semantics, as an enabler of conceptualization of one mental domain in terms of another. Studies in various contexts have shown that conceptual metaphors have assisted learners to develop better conceptual understanding by linking the known concepts to

The advent of e-commerce has created new financial needs that in many cases cannot be effectively fulfilled by traditional payment systems. Prepaid cards, originally conceived as a convenient way for consumers to pay for telephony access, are currently being repurposed for general use as payment mechanism on the Internet. The significance of Authorization and Importance of encryption influence the perceived security of E-finance transactions. In this paper we consider scratch-off card (scratch card) used for institutions online registration payment taking Nigeria as the case study. We develop a new approach for adding more security to the current prepaid scratch card payment approach used for online registrations. We added the use alphanumeric code instead of serial number, which is cumbersome considering the number of generated scratch cards every year. In addition, we employ standard security mechanism using MD5 cryptographic hash function to encrypt the scratch card details saved...

The digital revolution is dramatically changing our world, and the ubiquitous applications of computer in our lives have made digital technology an indispensable part of the infrastructure of our living environment. Digital technology is being cleverly embedded in various products to enhance their performance, allowing the resultant products to possess the properties of both physical and computing entities. The shifting nature of products has expanded the realm of industrial design to direct its course toward the design of interaction design. Furthermore, it has reshaped the product-development process and coordination of teamwork. While the digital revolution is still progressing, this study sought to propose an innovative product-development process suitable for the post-pc era. In this research, the curricula integrating industrial design and interaction design of design-school and university programs were first reviewed, while several user-interaction oriented processes of product development adopted by the industries were also examined. The contents and procedures of user-interaction design then were further analyzed. Accordingly, an innovative operational approach that integrates interaction design with industrial design was proposed. At the end, the proposed flowchart was verified and polished by the trial of its application to a practical case. The proposed new approach can be used in studio-based curricula, and its previous trials had produced encouraging and valuable results. It is hoped that, through integrating the new approach into school curricula or increasing its application within the industries, this research may inspire the designers to keep comprehensive perspectives as they embark on a new project. In addition, this research intends to encourage a new thinking in design education and methodology, as well as in product development.

The Model Driven Development (MDD) paradigm uses conceptual models to automatically generate software products by means of model transformations. This paradigm is strongly positioned in industry due to the quickly time to market of software products. Nevertheless, quality evaluation of software products is needed in order to obtain suitable products. Currently, there are several quality models to be applied in software products but they are not specific for conceptual models used in MDD projects. For this reason, it is important to propose a set of metrics to ensure the quality of models used in MDD approaches in order to avoid error propagation and the high cost of correction of final software applications. This paper analyzes the characteristics and sub-characteristics defined in the ISO/IEC 9126 quality model in order to reveal their applicability to MDD conceptual models.

Social work education at the baccalaureate and foundation level of master programs is structured around a generalist practice perspective. Advance practice in social work education is defined and conceptualized through the curriculums of master of social work programs. This essay provides a definition of advanced generalist practice through the lens of the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) ten Education Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS) practice competencies.

We present a web-based framework to screen for Parkinson's disease (PD) by allowing users to perform neurological tests in their homes. Our web framework guides the users to complete three tasks involving speech, facial expression, and finger movements. The task videos are analyzed to classify whether the users show signs of PD. We present the results in an easy-to-understand manner, along with personalized resources to further access to treatment and care. Our framework is accessible by any major web browser, improving global access to neurological care.

The Personal Web arose to empower end users with the ability to drive and integrate the Web by themselves, according to their own interests. This is usually achieved through Web Augmentation, Mashups, Personal Information Managers (PIM), etc. But despite the diverse approaches, there are still scenarios that require to be solved in combination of more than one of these approaches; this implies the end user knowing more than one tool and being able to coordinate them. This paper presents WOA, a platform conceived under the foundations of the Personal Web, for supporting the collection and materialization of information objects from existing Web content, and their enhancement through the addition of specialized behaviour. This makes it possible to conceive multiple Web information objects coexisting in a same space of information and offering the end user with different modes of interaction, therefore, with multiple kinds of personal Web experiences.

The ubiquitousness of the Internet is changing the way users perform their tasks. There is a trend and sometimes a real need to be always connected. The client-server paradigm used in the Web greatly facilitates the consumption of contents. However, there are many situations where the user's tasks in a Web application might be interrupted due to an unexpected loss of connectivity, temporary unavailability of Web servers, external events, etc., setting the browse to an offline state. The availability of local storage in Web browsers might suggest that users can perform some of their tasks when offline. Nonetheless, several technical constraints might prevent users from efficiently resuming their tasks over the Web after the offline period. In this paper we present a model-based approach called the Offline Model, which is aimed at supporting the execution of tasks interrupted by loss of connectivity based on user navigation with Web applications. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the Offline Model can be exploited to mitigate some of the disruptive effects of interruptions, due to offline navigation, on user tasks based on Web navigation in existent Web applications. The feasibility of such a model approach is demonstrated by a support tool and illustrated by a case study of navigation in a real scenario: the DBLP Web site.

Providing accessible open educational resources (OER) is essential for users with impairments to access university resources. To achieve this, web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG) have been developed. In this study, we used the AChecker web accessibility evaluation tool to assess the content of 42 federal university websites in Nigeria and recorded their conformance level to the WCAG. The findings show that at Level A (Minimal Compliance), there were 855 known problems, 55 likely problems, and 7536 potential problems. At Level AA (Acceptable Compliance), 2516 known problems, 58 likely problems, and 15537 potential problems were identified. At Level AAA (Optimal Compliance), 2679 known problems were found, while there were no likely problems, and 16772 potential problems. The results indicated that most websites did not conform to the accessibility guidelines, highlighting the need for educational institutions to comply with WCAG2.1 content standard. The study recommends introducing accessibility training courses in web design and development to ensure effective OER creation for people with diverse abilities. Furthermore, enforcing the implementation of these guidelines by flagging down non-compliant educational websites was suggested. There is a problem of lack of accessibility in federal university websites in Nigeria, leading to unequal access to web content for users with varying abilities. The study aimed to identify aspects of the websites where accessibility needs to be improved and promote diversity and inclusiveness for users with different abilities to have equal access to web content.