TOPSIS

A total of 32 MCDM methods are included in the book. 10 of which are the methods used in determining the criteria weights and the rest are the MCDM methods used for the ranking of alternatives. The book also acts as a bridge from past to present. Kitapta toplam 32 ÇKKV yöntemine yer verilmiştir. Bunların 10’u kriter önem ağırlıklarının belirlenmesinde kullanılan yöntemler olup geriye kalanlar ise alternatiflerin sıralamaları amacıyla yararlanılan ÇKKV yöntemleridir. Kitap ayrıca geçmişten günümüze bir köprü görevi de görmektedir.

Examining the trend of the global economy shows that global trade is moving towards high-tech products. Given that these products generate very high added value, countries that can produce and export these products will have high growth in the industrial sector. The importance of investing in advanced technologies for economic and social growth and development is so great that it is mentioned as one of the strong levers to achieve development. It should be noted that the policy of developing advanced technologies requires consideration of various performance aspects, risks and future risks in the investment phase. Risk related to high-tech investment projects has a meaning other than financial concepts only. In recent years, researchers have focused on identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing risk. There are two important components in measuring investment risk in high-tech industries, which include identifying the characteristics and criteria for measuring system risk and how to me...

Proper implementation of the participatory projects to conserve national natural resources has become much more important over the recent decades. This socio-economic research seeks developing effective strategies to increase public participation in experts' opinions of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Iran), in order to achieve sustainable and integrated management of natural resources. In the first step, the literature review led to the identification of 57 social parameters influencing public participation in the province. In the second step, from the parameters identified, with the help of the Delphi technique, 15 parameters were finalized by experts. This led to the formulation of the effective socioeconomic strategies in the study area. The next step was to prioritize these parameters. For this purpose, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used in Topsis solver software. The study's statistical population was comprised of the executive experts of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. The results of the prioritization indicated that the strategy of "the development of alternative livelihoods (A6)" ranks first with normal weight of 0.31, followed by "focus on profitable projects (A2)" with the normal weight of 0.2, and "strengthening social cohesion and trust (A7 )" with the normal weight of 0.12, as the most important strategies to increase public participation. The results of this study can be used by managers and executive decision-makers to protect natural resources and increase feasibility of management activities in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. ©JASEM

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of organization branches in Tehran  by using the hybrid method TOPSIS, AHP, BSC, so that the deficiencies of such a subjective and selective attention Leaders (assessors) in the evaluation and integration of yield loss with In terms of the contribution of each group to achieve the goals to provide BSC. In this study, a multi-criteria decision making approach for evaluating the performance of the branches of Organization as a IT company, offers. Methods used in the study is experimental. Data were collected by interviews, questionnaires, and study documents in the organization. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Expert Choice softwares.

Özet-İnşaat sektörü, Cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan itibaren Türkiye ekonomisine işsizliğin azalması, yeni yatırımlarla istihdamın arttırılması ve yurtdışına yapılan yatırımlar ile katkı sağlaması nedeniyle ekonomide lider bir sektör konumuna gelmiştir[1]. Günümüzde rekabet ortamında faaliyetlerini devam ettirmek, başarıyı elde etmek ve inovasyonu firma çıkarları doğrultusunda kullanabilmek amacıyla finansal performans zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Finansal performans kavramını tanımlayacak ve genelleyecek olursak bir firmanın elinde bulundurduğu kaynakların hangi ölçüde verimli kullanıldığı ve sektör içindeki finansal pozisyonu olarak tanımlanabilir.[1] Firmaların finansal durumu, karar verici kişileri, yatırımcıları, finansörleri vb. birçok kişi ve kurumları yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Firmaların finansal performansına şekil veren en temel faktörler oran analizleridir. Bu oranlar analiz edilerek ve yorumlanarak firmanın genel mali durumu hakkında varsayımlarda bulunulur ve gerekli kararlar alınır. Finansal performansın ölçümünde, yorumlanmasında ve analiz edilmesinde gerekenden çok sayıda faktör dikkate alındığı için çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri kullanışlı bir yöntem olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Borsa İstanbul'da faaliyet gösteren ve İnşaat Endeksine kayıtlı 8 firmanın finansal verileri çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden GİA ve TOPSIS yöntemleri kullanılarak 2017 yılına ait finansal başarılarının sıralaması ve karşılaştırılması yapılarak literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Abstract-Since the establishment of the Republic, construction sector has become a leading sector in the economy due to decreasing unemployment, increasing employment with new investments and contributing to the Turkish economy with investments abroad.[1] In today's competitive environment, financial performance has become compulsory in order to continue business activities, achieve success and use the innovation in the interests of the firm. Defining and generalizing the concept of financial performance can be defined as the extent to which the resources used by a firm are used efficiently and its financial position within the sector.[1] Accurate analysis and interpretation of financial performance measurement is crucial for shaping future decisions. Multicriteria decision-making methods are seen as a useful tool since many factors are considered in the measurement, interpretation and analysis of financial performance. In this study, it is aimed to compare and collate the financial data of 8 companies registered in the Construction Index traded on Borsa Istanbul in 2017 using TIA and TOPSIS methods.

Resumen. En este artículo se presenta un análisis comparativo de los resultados de la aplicación de dos técnicas para evaluar robots industriales, una de las cuales ha sido reportada en la literatura y la otra es una evaluación mediante la técnica TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). Se discuten los resultados obtenidos por las dos técnicas y se demuestra su solidez ante cambios en la evaluación. Finalmente, se hace una serie de recomendaciones y observaciones.

Spread mooring systems are associated with high level uncertainties and risks during tanker loading/ unloading operations. In addition, the design of such complex systems consists of many subjective and imprecise parameters. Therefore, in the present study, a fuzzy based decision support methodology is designed to overcome aforementioned characteristics. The fuzzy methodology incorporates qualitative and partially known information into the decision support model and provides a robust mathematical framework for modeling of the spread mooring systems. Proposed model is based on the analytic hierarchy method (AHP) and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods in a fuzzy environment where the vagueness and subjectivity are handled with linguistic and fuzzy values. The fuzzy AHP method is used to analyze the structure of the mooring system selection problem and determine the weights of the attributes while fuzzy TOPSIS method is employed for ranking the spread mooring systems. The case study demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed methodology.

Abstract: There is variety of products of different brands available in the market for the customer of different levels which can satisfy their specific demands. The customer has been offered by means of variety of products of the same species and category with different features and attribute. This enhance the competition between the brands, resultantly make efforts to stimulate the customers towards their products by means of different policies, which sometimes can make customer confuse between the brands and their products to – what to pick and what not to. In this research paper we have taken nine laptops of different brands of nearly same range of specifications and Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Methods are applied to choose the best option among the different alternatives. Entropy method is used to evaluate the weight of the feature attributes.

Abstraksi Guru adalah pendidik profesional yang mempunyai tugas, fungsi, dan peran penting dalam mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Tidaklah berlebihan kalau dikatakan bahwa masa depan masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara, sebagian besar ditentukan oleh guru. Oleh sebab itu, profesi guru perlu ditingkatkan dan dikembangkan secara terus menerus dan proporsional menurut jabatan fungsional guru. Agar fungsi dan tugas yang melekat pada jabatan fungsional guru dilaksanakan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku, dalam rangka dan sebagai upaya pemerintah dalam memberikan pembinaan dan pengembangan profesi guru maka diperlukan penilaian kinerja guru yang menjamin terjadinya proses pembelajaran yang berkualitas di semua jenjang pendidikan. Dalam penilaian kinerja guru harus berdasarkan kriteria dan subkriteria yang telah ditentukan. Proses penilaian kinerja guru pada SMA Negeri 1 Semarang sampai dengan saat ini menggunakan metode konvensional dengan aplikasi Microsoft Office Excel. Dalam proses perhitungannya dengan cara; Nilai PKG dibagi Total Nilai Kinerja dikalikan 100. Permasalahan muncul pada ketidaktepatan Penilai/Kepala Sekolah dalam memberikan penilaian, karena yang dinilai adalah subjektifitas masing-masing guru, sehingga penilaian yang diberikan masih tidak pasti. Ketidaktepatan dalam memberikan penilaian kinerja guru berdampak pada hasil keputusan yang tidak tepat pula. Hal seperti ini jelas akan merugikan para guru yang dinilai, dan terkesan tidak adil, serta akan muncul kecemburuan antar sesama guru di lingkungan sekolah. Berdasarkan analisis sistuasi tersebut, dalam penelitian ini untuk membantu pihak yang berwenang (Kepala Sekolah) dalam memberikan keputusan berdasarkan hasil penilaian kinerja guru, maka dalam penelitian ini diusulkan aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan untuk memberikan penilaian kinerja bagi guru menggunakan metode AHP dan TOPSIS. Penggunaan metode AHP dan TOPSIS dalam penelitian ini secara bersama-sama untuk pengambilan keputusan yang komplek yaitu untuk memberikan penilaian kinerja guru dengan beberapa kriteria. Pada metode AHP, teknik yang digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan multi kriteria, sedangkan metode TOPSIS untuk memilih alternatif terbaik dari beberapa pilihan yang paling dekat dengan solusi ideal positif dan paling jauh dari solusi ideal negatif.

Development of the industrial manufacturing logistics is associated with the need to solve many problems that affect the main technological units, internal and external transportation, as well as the industrial enterprise management system. The effectiveness of the solution of each of these tasks separately is traditionally evaluated by criteria, which, as a rule, conflict with the criteria of the effectiveness of other tasks and may even contradict the strategic goals of the organization. Modern logistics solutions are based on the achievement of a global economic criterion. However, the practical implementation of such general decisions is limited by the complexity of forming concrete actions based on them. In addition, traditional logistics solutions do not adequately meet the requirements of the concept of sustainable development, as they are poorly oriented towards environmental and social criteria. The developed multi-criteria model is a combination of alternative logistics solutions and criteria for their evaluation. The procedure for assessment and choosing the best combination of logistic decisions is based on a combination of multi-criteria decision-making methods. Application the developed model will reduce the costs of designing and implementing logistics solutions, as well as ensure the achievement of the sustainable development goals of an industrial enterprise.

In the work, an elemental mixture of Ni and Ti was deposited by atmospheric plasma spray technology on the mild steel substrate by varying the process parameters such as primary gas flow rate and plasma arc current. The properties such as surface roughness, microhardness, and erosion rate of the coating were determined and the relationship between process parameters and coating properties was established. To optimize the process parameters and to find out the optimum parametric setting, the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution hybrid technique was im-plemented. By keeping all the parameters constant, the coating with better properties was obtained at an optimum parametric setting of 550 A arc current and 45 lpm primary gas flow rate. Furthermore, by implementing the Analysis of Variance, the primary gas flow rate  was found to be a  significant con-tributing factor.  The X-ray diffraction analysis of the coating developed at an optimized parametric setting revealed Ni, Ti, NiTi-B2 phase, Ni3Ti, Ti2Ni, Ni4Ti3,  TiO, and NiO phases. The bonding of the coating with the substrate was confirmed by the line scan energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The surface morphology of the eroded surface of the coating developed at the optimum parameter revealed the crater formation, chip formation, lip formation, plastic deformation, and groove formation mechanisms.

Assessment of risks is a key task in the project management. In this process, Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS) approach can be utilized to identify project relevant risks. In the previous classical method, only Limited number of attributes is considered in the evaluation that can cause unreliable results. In this paper, an attempt has been made to introduce and involve a relatively comprehensive set of attributes for applying in Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) techniques. Using this model, the risks of tunneling construction in the Seimareh dam project, located in South-West of Iran, are assessed and ranked. For the collection of experts' judgments, group decision making method by conducting various decision panels was applied. Also for the risk ranking, Linear Assignment (LA), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Simple Additive Weighted (SAW) methods were considered. Final ranking of the risks was computed using integration methods. It was concluded that the risks economical factors and guarantee are the project most and least critical risks, respectively.

The core of Operation Research is the development of approaches for optional Decision Making. A prominent class of such problem is Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). MCDM is used when different alternatives and different criteria are applied to make better Decision Making. There are several methodologies available in MCDM out which TOPSIS is one of the traditional methods in use. The TOPSIS Method is used to identify solution from a finite set of alternatives based upon simultaneous minimization of distance from a nadir point. In the first step of TOPSIS the vector normalization is performed. In our proposed work different normalization techniques are applied to find the best normalization which suits the TOPSIS Method. It is evaluated based on the performance measures like time and space complexity. To evaluate the proposed techniques the car selection is taken as a test case and the influence of normalization techniques in TOPSIS has been evaluated. Among the considered normalization techniques the performance of Linear Sum Based normalization technique achieves less computation time and space complexity.

ISO 9001:2015 mensyaratkan organisasi menentukan kriteria evaluasi dan pemilihan pemasok sebagai
bentuk jaminan mutu. Sebagai sebuah organisasi, institusi penelitian penting menetapkan kriteria
pemilihan pemasok agar spesifikasi bahan penelitian terpenuhi dan mutu hasil penelitiannya terjamin.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang kerangka penilaian pemasok, menentukan kriteria-kriteria
penilaiannya, serta menentukan bobot masing-masing kriteria penilaian tersebut. Metode TOPSIS
digunakan untuk merancang kerangka penilaian pemasok. Kriteria diperoleh dengan penyebaran
kuesioner kepada ahli. Uji Cochran dilakukan untuk menentukan keberterimaan kriteria. Pembobotan
kriteria penilaian pemasok menggunakan metode Analytic Network Process (ANP). Penerapan kerangka
penilaian pemasok diilustrasikan pada pemasok A, B, dan C.
Kata kunci: Kriteria Pemasok, bobot kriteria, Analytical Network Process, TOPSIS

In this study, a hybrid model based on ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems), a predictive intelligent-based technique, and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) was implemented for sustainable supplier selection. Selection of supplier is a crucial task for companies to achieve the objectives of inbound and outbound supply chain system. This selection process may be complex due to the inclusion of diverse subjective and objective factors. There is, therefore, the need for a reliable methodology to provide higher accuracy in predictions of anticipated supplier performance, and this article makes contributions in that direction. The model was applied in the retail end of a fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry to select the best possible suppliers using the sustainability criteria of the triple-bottom-line. Available data from the FMCG retail sector was fed into the TOPSIS and ANFIS model to rank the suppliers. Results indicated that th...

در طول سال های اخیر انتخاب تأمین کننده مناسب در زنجیره تأمین به یک موضوع استراتژیک مهم تبدیل شده است. بنابراین ماهیت این تصمیمات معمولأ پیچیده و ساختار نیافته است. از طرفی فرایند انتخاب تأمین کننده مناسب که قادر به فراهم کردن نیاز خریدار از نظر محصولات با کیفیت با قیمت مناسب و در یک زمان مناسب و در یک حجم مناسب باشد یکی از ضروری ترین فعالیت ها برای ایجاد زنجیره تأمین مناسب است. در این مقاله یک تکنیک تصمیم گیری چند معیاره فازی برای انتخاب تأمین کننده مناسب در یک محیط تصمیم گیری گروهی پیشنهاد شده است. با توجه به معیار های پیشنهاد شده که شامل کیفیت محصول، زمان تحویل، هزینه خرید، توانایی تکنولوژیکی و توانایی مالی می باشد. یک مثال عددی برای انتخاب تأمین کننده آورده شده که کاربرد روش تاپسیس فازی را بیان می کند. در نهایت موضوعات مناسبی برای تحقیقات آینده پیشنهاد شده است.

Finansal performans ölçümünde analizin doğru yapılması ve yorumlanması gelecekte alınacak kararların şekillenmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Finansal performansın ölçümünde yorumlanması ve analiz edilmesi gereken çok sayıda faktör dikkate alındığı için Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri kullanışlı bir araç olarak görülmektedir.
Bu çalışmada BIST İnşaat Endeksi firmalarından 8 firma araştırmaya ve incelemeye tabi tutularak 2017 yılı finansal performansları Gri İlişkisel Analiz ve Topsis yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve sıralanmıştır. Finansal performans analizi yapılırken 19 adet kriterden yararlanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Orge Enerji Elektrik Taahhüt A.Ş 2017 yılında finansal performans açısından ilk sırada gelmiştir.

Pada penerapan kurikulum 2013 atau yang disebut juga kurikulum nasional, siswa yang akan memasuki jenjang SMA akan langsung dihadapkan pada pemilihan jurusan, yaitu IPA atau IPS. Begitu juga yang terjadi di C proses penjurusan akan dilaksanakan pada saat siswa-siswi masuk dan mendaftar di C. Proses penjurusan berdasarkan nilai raport SMP untuk mata pelajaran IPA, Matematika dan Bahasa Inggris serta tes Potensial Akademik. Sistem yang berjalan selama ini memiliki kekurangan, yaitu terjadinya kesalahan dalam penjurusan, hal ini ditandai dengan terjadinya perpindahan jurusan dari IPA ke IPS di awal tahun ajaran. Penentuan jurusan yang kurang tepat berimbas pada kurang optimalnya prestasi siswa, hal ini ditandai dengan siswa tidak naik kelas. Melalui Sistem Pendukung Keputusan yang menggunakan metode (AHP) Analytic Hierarchy Proces dan TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution diharapkan mampu menjawab dari masalah tersebut sehingga nantinya proses penjurusan di XYXbisa berjalan secara lebih baik.

Kata kunci: sistem pendukung keputusan, penjurusan, sistem, AHP, TOPSIS

Pemilihan Dosen Berprestasi merupakan suatu agenda Direktorat Perguruan Tinggi (Dikti) yang dimaksudkan untuk mendorong motivasi, dedikasi, loyalitas, dan profesionalisme dosen, yang diharapkan berpengaruh positif pada peningkatan kinerja. Keputusan untuk memilih dosen berprestasi yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang dibutuhkan bukanlah suatu pekerjaan yang mudah. Untuk membantu penentuan urutan dosen berprestasi yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang diinginkan maka diperlukan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan yang mempunyai kemampuan analisis pemilihan dosen berprestasi dengan menggunakan metode yang menggunakan metode ANP dan TOPSIS. Metode ANP digunakan untuk menentukan bobot kriteria menurut pengambil keputusan, kemudian metode TOPSIS digunakan untuk menentukan peringkat/prestasi dosen. Sistem penunjang keputusan ini diharapkan dapat membantu dan memberikan alternatif dalam menilai prestasi setiap dosen, sehingga akan didapatkan dosen yang paling layak diberi penghargaan dan mewakili perguruan tinggi dalam pemilihan dosen berprestasi ditingkat Kopertis/PTN maupun Nasional.

Purpose -The main purpose of this paper is to define and measure entrepreneurial universities in Iranian context. Also, authors have tried to propose a comprehensive model with detailed components in order to elaborate the concept. Design/methodology/approach -In this research we first analyzed the existing entrepreneurial university models (i.e. Guerrero et al., 2006) in focus group sessions. The result of this analysis was main dimensions of our model, which will be presented in the next parts of this paper. The proposed model is best suited to Iranian context and experts have approved its validity. Then, the importance of each dimension was determined by experts and compared with current performance, in order to investigate the applicability of each dimension. Hence, Importance-Performance charts were provided to elaborate the research results. These charts could be used to make policies. Also, in order to provide a better understanding of the entrepreneurial university dimensions in Iran, we used TOPSIS to prioritize the elements in each dimension of the model. Findings -Through this study, a comprehensive model was proposed which includes 9 building blocks (i.e. formal, informal, and internal inputs; formal, informal, and internal processes; and formal, informal, and internal outputs). Then, a measurement and investigation is done using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and TOPSIS methods. The result of our study is a set of building blocks of entrepreneurial universities, which include a number of prioritized variables. Practical implications -The results of this study could be useful for academics, scholars and policy makers. Scholars and academics may take advantage of the proposed model to better understand and define an entrepreneurial university, while policy makers might pay attention to the results of the IPA and prioritized variables, in order to devise better policies and pave the way for universities to become more and more entrepreneurial. Originality/value -This study could be useful in two ways. Practically, it could be used as a basis to understand and measure entrepreneurial universities. Theoretically, it offers a model with 9 building blocks, which internally and externally investigates the entrepreneurial universities. This view is somewhat different from the existing models in the literature.

There are some methods for solving Multiple Criteria Decision-Making problems, of which one is the TOPSIS method. When data is nondeterministic like interval data, the method must be modified to show the correct result. In this research we present a new TOPSIS method for ranking DMUs with interval data yielding the interval score for each alternative, and in the end we show that when data is deterministic, our new method is the same as the conventional one.

In this book, Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) industry is continuously growing all over the world and India is not an exception to it. The pace of mechanization in the past was very slow due to the availability of cheap and abundant labor, lack of capital investment and the highly fragmented nature of the construction sector. The present approach lacks scientific methodology and does not consider multi-criteria in decision making. There is a need of scientific Ready Mixed Concrete selection approach. Such approach will provide the best selection of Ready Mixed Concrete considering all aspects of the process. Hence this research study is planned to develop a mathematical approach to Ready Mixed Concrete selection with the help of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method which will help the decision maker to understand the problem systematically.

The arrival of the mobile phone and its rapid and widespread growth may well be seen as one of the most significant developments in the fields of communication and information technology over the past two decades. The aim of this study is to propose a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach to evaluate the mobile phone options in respect to the users' preferences order. Firstly, the most desirable features influencing the choice of a mobile phone are identified. This is realized through a survey conducted among the target group, the experiences of the telecommunication sector experts and the studies in the literature. Two MCDM methods are then used in the evaluation procedure. More precisely, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to determine the relative weights of evaluation criteria and the extension of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is applied to rank the mobile phone alternatives. A case study illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Üretim ve hizmet sektörlerinde yaygın bir kullanım alanına sahip olan altı sigma yöntemi, proje odaklı bir yöntem olarak bilinmektedir. Altı sigma yönteminde projeler arasından öncelikli projenin seçimi çok kriterli bir karar verme problemi olarak düşünülebilir. Literatür araştırması, altı sigma projelerinin seçimi ile ilgili çok sayıda yöntemin olduğunu göstermiştir. Altı sigma proje değerlendirme kriterlerinin belirsizlik içermesinden dolayı, proje seçiminde bulanık çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinin kullanılması daha uygun olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, bu yöntemlerden bulanık VIKOR, bulanık TOPSIS ve bulanık COPRAS ile projelerin değerlendirilmesi ve her bir yöntemden elde edilen sıralama skorlarının Copeland yöntemi ile bütünleştirilmesi sonucu en uygun projenin seçilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Önerilen yöntem Aydın ASTİM Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren büyük ölçekli bir üretim işletmesinde uygulanmıştır.

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) under the completely
unknown attributes weights. As the information collected from the various resources related to different criteria for
assessing the best alternatives is always imprecise in nature. Thus, to handle the impreciseness in the data, fuzzy set
theory has been used during the analysis and representation each attribute in the form of triangular fuzzy numbers.
Moreover, the attribute weight vectors, used for aggregating the decision maker’s preferences, are found by using an
entropy function. Finally, a house selection example, has been taken for demonstrating the approach.

در این مقاله انواع روشهای تصمیم گیری چند معیاره معرفی شده است. تصمیم گیری چند معیاره جهت انتخاب و یا تعیین اهمیت معیارها و گزینه های مدل های تصمیم گیری مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. تصمیم گیری چند معیاره به دو دسته تصمیم گیری چند شاخصه و تصمیم گیری چند هدفه تقسیم می شود که این مقاله به بحث تصمیم گیری چند شاخصه پرداخته می شود روشهای کلاسیک و جدید در رابطه با تصمیم گیری چند معیاره معرفی می شود با خواندن این مقاله می توانید پایان نامه ها و یا مقاله های خود را با جدیدترین تکنیک ها انجام دهید در این مقاله به تصمیم گیری چند معیاره در محیط فازی و خاکستری نیز اشاره کرده است چنانچه نیازمند مشاوره رایگان در زمینه مدلهای تصمیم گیری چند معیاره هستید با ما تماس بگیرید 09338859181

Outsourcing is hiring an external company to do one or more internal activities because these activities are either difficult to achieve, or costly to do in-house. This external hired company is known as Third Party Logistics (3PL). 3PL selection decision inherently is a multi-criterion problem, sometimes with strategic importance to companies. Management science techniques might be helpful tools for these kinds of decision-making problems. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques are often used to solve 3PL problems. In this paper, different types of MCDM are overviewed, and then a framework for 3PL selection is proposed by using a hybrid two-phase Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to select the best 3PL company providing the most satisfaction for the criteria determined, and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to evaluate the performance of 3PLs. This integration provides a good methodology to rank 3PLs.

The location selection for thermal power plant (TPP) is a strategic decision, which has significant impact on economic operation of the plant and sustainable development of the region. Further, ranking of the alternative locations, and selection of the most suitable and efficient locations for TPPs is an important multi-criteria decision making problem. This paper proposes an STEEP-fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS based framework for evaluation and selection of optimal locations for TPPs. Potential feasible locations are identified based on social, technical, economical, environmental, and political (STEEP) considerations. The fuzzy AHP, a multi-criteria decision making method, has been applied to determine the weights of qualitative and quantitative criteria impacting location selection process. The fuzzy AHP is adapted to model the linguistic vagueness, ambiguity, and incomplete knowledge. Furthermore, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a ranking multi-criteria decision making method, has been applied to rank the alternative locations based on their overall performance. The applicability of proposed method is demonstrated by a case study of TPPs location selection in India. The paper brings out a more accurate, effective, and systematic decision support tool for decision makers to conduct the evaluation process and to select optimal locations for TPPs.

TOPSIS merupakan suatu bentuk metode pendukung keputusan yang didasarkan pada konsep bahwa alternatif yang terbaik tidak hanya memiliki jarak terpendek dari solusi ideal positif tetapi juga memiliki jarak terpanjang dari solusi ideal negative. Konsep ini banyak digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah keputusan secara praktis. Konsepnya sederhana dan mudah dipahami, komputasinya efisien dan memiliki kemampuan untuk mengukur kinerja relatif dari alternatif-alternatif keputusan dalam bentuk matematis yang sederhana.

In the present era of rapid economic development, successive governments in India have placed priority on 'inclusive economic growth and social justice'. After independence, India chose to adopt mixed economy model and central role for development planning and resource allocation across sectors have been done by the State's planning machinery. It has been the resolve of the Government of India to achieve development and welfare of all social groups including scheduled tribes in the country. In this pursuit, several tribal development programmes have been undertaken from time to time entailing enormous human, financial and material resources. However, data driven planning involving data analytics has not been in use for overall planning process for tribal development instead traditional statistical approach has been mostly in practice. The aim of this paper is to bring to the fore the usefulness of data driven gap based planning using data analytics tools. The endeavour is to put in place a scientific mechanism to identify and prioritize the infrastructural gaps in tribal dominated areas for the State of Telangana using twenty-two different parameters. Expert workshop conducted to cluster twenty-two parameters into seven broad clusters viz Finance Infrastructure, Village Material Infrastructure, Household Material

Purpose
One of the most important issues in supply chain (SC) management is the identification and management of the risk involved in it. The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive model of supply chain risk management (SCRM) in the product life cycle (PLC) and the operational process cycle (OPC). To decrease the risks in a fuzzy environment, the model considers the organizational performance factors (OPF) and the risk operational practices (ROP).

Design/methodology/approach
Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weights of the relationships between the PLC, OPC and OPF in the hierarchical structure of the decision problem. In addition, the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution is employed to recognize the priority of ROPs in dealing with the performance factors. The integrated framework is evaluated using the case study of an automotive company in Iran.

Findings
The results demonstrated that the proposed model can be used to formulate an appropriate method for prioritizing defined alternatives to decrease risk and improve the organizational performance in SCRM under fuzzy conditions.

Research limitations/implications
A major limitation of the study is that a few of the selected criteria for risk assessment are focused only on economic factors. Another limitation of the current study is related to the PLC, OPC and OPF being based on the work of Xia and Chen (2011).

Practical implications
The current study identified the more important stage in the PLC. More significant process in each stage of the PLC and weightier risk factors in each process of the OPC were determined. Some strategies for reducing risk in each stage of the PLC were presented. The best alternatives for reducing risks in SC were indicated.

Originality/value
It is worth mentioning that previous studies have not applied multiple criteria and alternatives to decrease the risks involved in the PLC and OPC parts of the SC under fuzzy conditions. However, it should be stated that some academics have used these techniques separately, in other specialized areas of the SC.

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) yang dapat memudahkan seseorang dalam membuat keputusan yang tepat dan akurat. Saat ini banyak permasalahan yang dapat dipecahkan dengan SPK, diantaranya adalah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dalam menentukan tempat makan berdasarkan negara di kota Malang, Jawa Timur. Terdapat beberapa metode yang digunakan dalam membuat SPK, salah satu diantaranya adalah metode TechniqueforOtherReferencebySimilarityto Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). TOPSIS adalah metode pengambilan keputusan multikriteria yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan pengambilan keputusan secara praktis, dalam SPK penentuan tempat makan berdasarkan negara di kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode TOPSIS dalam menentukan tempat makan yang di rekomendasikan dari beberapa alternatif. Untuk menentukan tempat makan yang paling direkomendasikan maka dibutuhkan sebuah inputan berupa nama negara dan beberapa kriteria yaitu, jarak, harga, rating, dan jam operasional. Dalam metode TOPSIS yang kita gunakan terdapat bobot untuk setiap kriteria yang ada, bobot yang dimasukan adalah 1-5 yang artinya, semakin besar bobot yang dimiliki maka semakin bagus tempat makan tersebut. Hasil akhir pada penelitian ini adalah hasil alternatif yang direkomendasikan bagi pengguna akan diurutkan dari yang memiliki nilai bobot paling tinggi hingga terendah sehingga pengguna sistem dapat mengambil keputusan dengan mudah dengan hasil tersebut.
Abstract - This research intend to develop a Decision Support System which is help people to make any accurate decision. These days, come up many problem that we can solve with Decision Support System, including Decision Support System about to find places to eat based on country we like in Malang, East Java. There are several methodes can used in Decision Support System, one of them is Technique for Other Reference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). TOPSIS is method of multi criteria decision making that used to solve making decision in easy way. To decide the most recommend places to eat, we need to give an input which is country name and few criterias which is distance, price, rate, and operational hour. In TOPSIS we used weight for each criteria, 1-5 is weight we used in system, if the weight number is bigger then we will assumed those places is greater. The result in this research is alternative outcome which is we recommend for user will be sorted from the bigger weight until the lowest weight so the user can make a decision from this outcome.

Bir işletmenin finansal performansı, hem işletme hem de işletmenin paydaşları açısından, gelecekte verilecek kararları belirlemek adına önem taşımaktadır. Bu noktada finansal performansın doğru analiz edilmesi de alınacak kararları etkileyebilecek olması adına önemlidir. İşletmelerin finansal performansları analiz edilirken, çok sayıda faktör göz önüne alınmakta ve bu doğrultuda, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri finansal performans analizi için uygun birer araç olarak görülmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, BİST Kimya, Petrol, Plastik Endeksi’nde (XKMYA) yer alan işletmelerin finansal performansları analiz edilmiş olup, endekste yer alan 24 işletme sıralanmıştır. Bunun için literatürde daha önceden yapılmış olan benzer çalışmaların ışığında, uzman görüşleriyle belirlenmiş olan 4 ana kriter ve 15 alt kriter, AHP yöntemi ile değerlendirilerek kriter ağırlıkları elde edilmiştir. Ardından, işletmelerin performansları, 2015 yılı bilançolarından elde edilen verilere göre, VIKOR, TOPSIS, GRA ve MOORA yöntemleri ile incelenmiş olup sıralanmıştır.
Çalışmanın sonucunda, gerçekleştirilen örnek uygulama ile 4 farklı ÇKKV yöntemi karşılaştırılmış olup, bu yöntemlerin finansal performans analizi için kullanılabilirliği irdelenmiştir. Karşılaştırma sonucunda, kullanılan ÇKKV yöntemlerinin, birbirlerine yakın sonuçlar verdiği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan uygulama sayesinde, BİST XKMYA Endeksi’nde yer alan işletmelerin finansal performanslarının karşılaştırılması imkânı doğmuştur.

This paper provides a review of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) applications to flood risk management , seeking to highlight trends and identify research gaps. A total of 128 peer-reviewed papers published from 1995 to June 2015 were systematically analysed. Results showed that the number of flood MCDM publications has exponentially grown during this period, with over 82 % of all papers published since 2009. A wide range of applications were identified, with most papers focusing on ranking alternatives for flood mitigation, followed by risk, hazard, and vulnerability assessment. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was the most popular method, followed by Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Although there is greater interest in MCDM, uncertainty analysis remains an issue and was seldom applied in flood-related studies. In addition, participation of multiple stakeholders has been generally fragmented, focusing on particular stages of the decision-making process, especially on the definition of criteria weights. Therefore, addressing the uncertainties around stakeholders' judgments and endorsing an active participation in all steps of the decision-making process should be explored in future applications. This could help to increase the quality of decisions and the implementation of chosen measures.

Pemilihan pegawai terbaik merupakan salah satu aspek yang cukup penting di perusahaan karena dengan sumber daya manusia yang unggul dan memiliki kompetensi tinggi dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan kinerja suatu perusahaan serta menghasilkan pemimpin-pemimpin hebat di masa depan. Beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi pada pemilihan pegawai terbaik di PT BPD Jawa Barat & Banten, Tbk (Call Name : bank bjb) antara lain yaitu pengolahan data kandidat pegawai terbaik yang akan diseleksi masih membutuhkan waktu yang lama karena belum memiliki standar dan masih memakai sistem manual sehingga proses penilaian masih belum transparan, akurat dan terpercaya. Penentuan pegawai terbaik di bank bjb sangat memerlukan sistem pendukung keputusan sebagai rekomendasi kepada Direksi. Sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan pegawai terbaik yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga metode yaitu Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), dan Technique For Order Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Penelitian akan menghasilkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat merekomendasikan pegawai terbaik pada bank bjb berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan yaitu nilai kinerja individu, nilai kinerja unit kerja, kehadiran, perilaku, pencapaian target kerja, masa kerja, pendidikan, penilaian makalah, presentasi, dan hasil wawancara.

Kata Kunci : Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Pegawai Terbaik, SAW, AHP, TOPSIS

The selection of a strategy to seismically upgrade an existing building is a difficult problem. In fact, several different technologies are available to this aim nowadays. Furthermore, many generally conflicting options have to be considered to assess the performance of each alternative. Decision support systems like the socalled multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods may be useful in making, as much as possible, an objective and rational choice. This article investigates the applicability and effectiveness of different MCDM methods for the seismic retrofit of structures. Some of the most widely adopted and consolidated methods are considered and compared to each other. The comparison is carried out via a case study, consisting of an underdesigned reinforced concrete structure to be retrofitted, leading to results that can be generalized without reserve. Two methods-TOPSIS and VIKOR-among those considered, seem to be more appropriate for solving the retrofit selection problem because of their capability to deal with each kind of judgment criteria, the clarity of their results,

Konsep program bantu pengambilan keputusan saat ini berkembang sangat pesat. Banyak metode yang digunakan untuk membantu dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan Multi Attributes Decision Making (MADM) dengan metode TOPSIS dan SAW. Hal ini disebabkan karena metode tersebut konsepnya sederhana, mudah dipahami, komputasinya efisien dan memiliki kemampuan untuk mengukur kinerja relatif dari alternatif-alternatif keputusan dalam bentuk matematis yang sederhana. Permasalahannya adalah untuk menyelesaikan sebuah kasus MADM tertentu mungkin akan sulit untuk menentukan metode mana yang paling relevan antara metode SAW dan TOPSIS. Oleh sebab itu dilakukan sebuah uji sensitivitas untuk menentukan metode yang paling tepat antara SAW atau TOPSIS dalam penyelesaian kasus tersebut. Dalam hal ini penyelesaian masalah Multi Attributes Decision Making (MADM) yang dilakukan melalui proses Uji Sensitivitas terlebih dahulu kemudian dengan metode antara SAW atau TOPSIS ini bertujuan untuk membantu setiap orang dalam pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan nilai alternatif terbaik.

Rad istražuje mogućnost spajanja fazi teorije skupova i analitičko hijerarhijskog procesa (AHP) za preliminarni skrining optimalne lokacije i izgradnje regionalne deponije u Istočnoj Srbiji. Teorija jezičkih promenljiva se koristi za predstavljanje nepreciznih prostornih podataka i ljudske spoznaje preko kriterijuma koji se koriste za proces skrininga. Predmet istraživanja predstavlja segment zaštite životne sredine, kao jedan od ključnih problema savremenog principa upravljanja komunalnim otpadom. Izbor odgovarajućih lokacija sanitarnih (regionalnih) deponija i transfer stanica, i optimalan prostorni razmeštaj, definisanje dugoročne koncepcije i osnovna orijentacija naše zemlje u pogledu racionalnog upravljanja otpadom u skladu sa osnovnim principima održivog razvoja i zaštite životne sredine. Cilj rada je da se primenom AHP metode utvrdi optimalna lokacija sanitarne regionalne deponije za Istočnu Srbiju, odnosno 7 opština u regionu primenom višekriterijumskog procesa odlučivanja. Hipoteza u istraživanju bazirana na mogućnosti donošenja odluka u uslovima gde treba uvažiti postojanje više, najčešće suprotsavljenih kriterijuma, pri čemu je rešenje predstavljeno izborom jedne od niza alternativa. Osnovna hipoteza istraživanja glasi: "Moguće je kreirati široko primenljive modele za donošenja odluka u procesima utvrđivanja optimalnih lokacija sanitarnih regionalnih deponija i transfer stanica primenom prostornih alata i teorije odlučivanja".

The incorporation of environmental criteria into the conventional supplier selection practices is essential for organizations seeking to promote green supply chain management. Challenges associated with green supplier selection have been broadly recognized by procurement and supplier management professionals. The development and implementation of practical decision making tools that seek to address these challenges are rapidly evolving. This article contributes to this knowledge area by comparing the application of three popular multi-criteria supplier selection methods in a fuzzy environment. The incorporation of fuzzy set theory into TOPSIS, VIKOR and GRA methods is thoroughly discussed. The methods are then utilized to complete a green supplier evaluation and selection study for an actual company from the agri-food industry. Our comparative analysis for this case study indicates that the three fuzzy methods arrive at identical supplier rankings, yet fuzzy GRA requires less computational complexity to generate the same results. Additional analyses of the numerical results are completed on the normalization functions, distance metrics, and aggregation functions that can be used for each method.