Sociology of Taste

This reinterpretation of Della Magnificenza situates the text within the broader context of 18th-century debates on taste; examines the questions of text-to image relation in the treatise and of its authorship; revisits the parallelisms between Piranesi and Vico, and explains how the interrelations between architecture and the development of science informed Piranesi's aesthetic approach to architecture.

<<All people are equal, and I'm not a snob...". On strategies of differentiation and hierarchization in the field of music.>>

The article aims to show how music can be used in the process of establishing symbolic boundaries — how people draw dividing lines based on musical taste, and what criteria they use. The analyses presented in the text are based on a qualitative study conducted in 2021 with respondents representing five different social and occupational categories. From the statements of the interviewees, three criteria emerge that contribute the most strongly to differentiation in Poles’ musical tastes. These are: social origin; the level of education; and place of residence— with regional differences, the urban-rural divide, and split into eastern and western Poland. In addition, based on the empirical material, four types of strategy for evaluating and prioritizing musical tastes were distinguished: value-adding;egalitarian; ambivalent; and neutral. In the group covered by the study, the most popular strategy proved to be ambivalent (that is, combining valuing elements with beliefs about the non-hierarchical nature of the cultural world within a single narrative), discerned in almost half of the respondents, and most often among representatives of cultural elites and middle- and lower-level white-collar workers.

Que se passe-t-il lorsque ce geste devient l’essence même de notre quotidien, une course effrénée pour remplir chaque instant de contenus ? De réflexions philosophiques en scènes de films cultes, d’analyses incisives en critiques culturelles, Laurent Tessier nous invite à une plongée dans l’obsession moderne de l’accélération et de la distraction.
À la croisée des chemins entre philosophie, sociologie et expérience personnelle, Scroller décortique notre rapport à une culture saturée de stimuli.

Každý návštěvník přichází do galerie s jiným očekáváním a odlišným vkusem. Sebelepší stálá expozice proto nemůže uspokojit všechny. Neexistují však přece jen díla, jež lidé preferují mnohem více než ta ostatní? A nelze z takovýchto děl sestavit výstavu, která osloví drtivou většinu? Kde ale začít? Je zkrátka třeba zeptat se návštěvníků,
co ve stálé expozici vlastně chtějí. Publikace A vítězem se stává… analyzuje výsledky hlasování z výstavy Hledá se mistrovské dílo (8. 10. 2023 – 26. 5. 2024) v Galerii moderního umění v Hradci Králové, kde návštěvníci hlasovali o vystavených dílech, a to ve dvou kategoriích: Které obrazy byste zařadili do stálé expozice? A které byste chtěli mít doma? Publikace přináší cennou výpověď o vkusu současného publika a ukazuje, jak moc se estetické preference návštěvníků shodují či rozcházejí s kánonem českého výtvarného umění.

The present research considers the recipe books as object of memorialistic nature and family identity construction, because they carry, in their context, the application of knowledge that is transmitted from generation to generation, reverberating a sense of belonging. These objects are able to unveil a time dimension not exclusively chronological in the production of a dish, but the slow or fast time of mixing
ingredients, which constitutes something proper and personal, family intimacy, affective, symbolic and aesthetic investments. In this sense, we aim to analyze familiar cooking notebooks as spaces of memory and of individual and collective writing of the twentieth century gastronomy, from a perspective of self-information evoked by the memory of the senses, also considering the affective memory, that is, the social memory in a kind of self-movement and of others. Regarding the specific objectives, we seek to identify the elements of individual and collective memory,
from the inventory of cooking recipes that constitute the family recipe notebooks; analyze cooking recipes, extracting the aspects of everyday memory; highlight the aspects of the family relationship based on gastronomic practices; identify in the selected cookbooks, the relationship of food with social positioning and with the idea of differentiation to which it refers. The research is characterized as an exploratory-descriptive research outlined by a documentary study based on the corpus analysis of this research through the indiciary paradigm and documentary analysis, in addition to the personal and affective perceptions contained in the
context of gastronomic information that constitute the cookbooks.

Avec des enquêtes menées à distance des grands pôles mondiaux de la production phonographique, ce dossier renouvelle les perspectives sur les studios d’enregistrement dédiés à la musique. L’éventail des nouvelles configurations et interdépendances suscitées par l’informatisation du monde dans un espace diversement globalisé y est passé en revue : studios live historiques à Bamako et Abidjan, studios des beatmakers à Dakar, home studios à Montevideo, studios numériques pro à São Paulo, pocket studios dans la forêt amazonienne, field studios des anthropologues brésilianistes. La pluralité des approches disciplinaires et épistémiques mises en œuvre permet de penser ces studios comme des espaces des possibles dans lesquels s’élaborent des stratégies inédites qui contribuent à redéfinir les paysages sonores des Suds.

J'écoute pas beaucoup de Musique. ça c'est pour ceux qui ont le teMps. et si J'écoute un disque, Je prends tout de suite Ma troMpette et J'essaye de Jouer aVec ! J'écoute dans la Voiture ou quand Je traVaille à l'ordinateur, coMMe fond Musical. » bruno, troMpettiste, 51 ans, Mécanicien en usine, harMonie cécilia.

A 90-es évek óta jelentősen átalakult a zeneterjesztés és -hallgatás a technológiai környezet átalakulásának köszönhetően. A zene- és fogyasztásszociológia feldolgozta ezt az átalakulást, de a globális digitális tartalomszolgáltatások fogyasztási adatainak feldolgozása továbbra is kiaknázatlan lehetőség a társadalomtudomány számára. Az innovatív, fogyasztói választásokat feldolgozó nagy adatforrások kutatásai elsősorban piackutatási és termékfejlesztési céllal jöttek létre az akadémiai szférán kívül. Kutatásunk egy hazai reprezentatív zenehallgatási felmérés során azonosított ízlésminták alapján tesz becslést a Magyarországról elköltözöttek számosságára és státuszára a YouTube magyar repertoárjának nemzetközi forgalma alapján.

The article examines a limited corpus of texts for children published by female authors in two centres of Russian exile – Berlin and Riga – in the 1920s-early 1930s. The selected texts have rarely caught the attention of modern researchers of children’s literature. In the early and mid-1920s, a special version of „consolatory myth” – „girls’ notes” about life in the pre-revolu- tionary Russian Empire – got promoted in the book-publishing centres of the Russian emigra- tion. In Berlin, V. Naryshkina-Witte and Y. Ilyina-Poltoratskaya published their memoirs for young readership. In Riga, autobiographical short stories were published by the editor-in-chief of the youth magazine „Yunyy Chitatel’” Y. Andrusova, daughter of N. Belotsvetov, the owner of the famous publishing house „Salamandra”; later, a book of fiction stories based on the autobio- graphical material was published by V. Heince. The narratives of the „girls’ notes” genre, groun- ded in reflections of the past, extend beyond mere nostalgia. They serve as a conduit for readers to comprehend and reconcile the dissonance between the emigrants’ present circumstances and the distant realities depicted in these stories. By immersing themselves in these narratives, you- ng readers find themselves not only anchored in history but also engaged in navigating their positions within the present – a crucial endeavour for emigrant youth as they grapple with integrating their cultural heritage into the contemporary challenges they face. The analyzed texts also underscore the potency of literature as a mechanism for both safeguarding and ex- tending culture. In revisiting their personal histories, the authors concurrently contribute to the collective memory of the Russian emigrant community. These narratives emerge as threads that interconnect individuals within the community, weaving a tapestry of shared experiences, emotions, and aspirations. In conclusion, the article illuminates an often-overlooked facet of children’s literature – the „girls’ notes” genre – in the context of Russian emigrant communities situated in Berlin and Riga. Through a meticulous analysis of the literary contributions by authors such as V. Naryshkina-Witte, Y. Ilyina-Poltoratskaya, Y. Andrusova, and V. Heince, this study delves into the role of literature in shaping identity and ensuring cultural continuity. Ultimately, these texts offer young emigrant readers a bridge that spans their past and present, facilitating their navigation through the intricate terrain of evolving identities within new and challenging environments.

Key words: children’s literature, Russian exile, consolatory myth

As people commonly observe dog behaviors like the sudden bursts of physical movement colloquially known as "zoomies," and the canine penchant for sticking their nose out of car windows and for sniffing intently in dog parks, it is not surprising that people generally believe dogs learn and communicate by smell. While people generally discount their own olfactory sensitivity and the importance of smell overall, humans also learn and communicate by smell, in some cases even better than dogs. In this article, we discuss why this information exchange matters for learning and memory and why virtual meetings don't pass the sniff test.

Dans un contexte de recomposition de l&#39;offre musicale et de progression spectaculaire de l&#39;écoute, plusieurs processus sont à l&#39;œuvre dans les transformations du public du jazz entre les années 1950 et les années 2000. Leur mise en évidence permet de comprendre le renouvellement des formes de participation et d&#39;écoute des concerts de jazz au cours des cinquante dernières années.

Revenant sur deux entretiens menes aupres d’amateurs de jazz, l’article s’interesse aux effets des questions posees par l’enqueteur sur la production des donnees, a propos d’un objet particulierement sensible sous ce rapport : le gout. L’interet pour la relation entre le format de l’entretien et l’experience de l’enquete implique d’examiner les effets conjugues des parametres de la situation en restant au plus pres de l’interlocution. In fine, l’analyse permet de reconsiderer la question de l’imposition de problematique dans l’entretien de recherche.

The Islamic-conservative cultural sphere in Turkey has rapidly expanded during the 20-year rule of Erdoğan’s Justice and Development Party. Despite popular debates regarding the rise of ‘conservative art,’ academic studies have thus far limited their focus to the cultural policies and actions of the ruling power. Consequently, our understanding of cultural producers within this expanding sphere, their aesthetic viewpoints and their position within the broader cultural field remains limited. To address this gap, we employ Bourdieu’s field theory and explore the dynamics of this cultural sphere by conducting in-depth interviews with artists and cultural intermediaries active within Islamic/Islamist art circles. Our findings suggest that the sphere is relatively autonomous from the broader cultural field, characterized by its closed-circuit production and circulation network, specific forms of capital, and exclusive ties to the realm of power. However due to its own tensions and fragmentations, this autonomous sphere does not function as a monolithic bloc of Islamic/conservative forces struggling for legitimacy against an established secularist/Kemalist/leftist bloc, as has been often presumed throughout Turkish history. Our discussion also contributes to the broader Bourdieusian literature by questioning the utility of concepts such as ‘field’ and ‘pillars’ in comprehending contexts with emerging Islamic/conservative cultural sphere.

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Artykuł analizuje obecną w socjologii narrację, która w konsumpcji widzi narzędzie odkrywania bądź też refl eksyjnego kształtowania tożsamości konsumenta. We współczesnym, pozbawionym oparcia w trwałych instytucjach społeczeństwie, jednostki doświadczają braku zakorzenienia, stąd funkcjonują w poczuciu niepewności swojej tożsamości. Brak tej ostoi w znacznej mierze rekompensuje rynek. Efektem wykorzenienia z dawnych struktur i rosnącej roli rynku nie musi być sfabrykowana, sformatowana przez marketing tożsamość, jak twierdzą postmarksistowsko zorientowani autorzy. Wręcz przeciwnie-jednostka może w bardziej niż kiedyś świadomy sposób kreować swą tożsamość, ale wymaga to ciągłych wyborów zapośredniczonych przez systemy eksperckie. Prezentowane przez owe systemy dyskursy wyrażają różnorodne, często wykluczające się stanowiska-co pluralizuje "rynek tożsamości". Konsumpcja niekoniecznie standaryzuje i wzmacnia konformizm, lecz może służyć jako narzędzie krytycznych, kontestujących dominujące ideologie samookreśleń. W artykule omówione zostały między innymi: koncepcja konsumpcji rozwijana przez Szkołę Birmingham, stanowiska polemiczne wobec idei głoszącej strukturalną determinację konsumpcji, idea refl eksyjnej konsumpcji Anthony'ego Giddensa, w końcu indywidualistyczna i psychologizująca wizja Colina Campbella. Wszystkie zaprezentowane koncepcje argumentują, że jednostka może, w procesie konsumpcji, w aktywny sposób kreować swą tożsamość. W dzisiejszym świecie konsument otrzymuje szeroką gamę sposobów problematyzacji tożsamości oraz wiele instrumentów do rozwiązywania owych problemów. Główne pojęcia: tożsamość; konsumpcja; gust; rynek; systemy eksperckie. Wstęp Obecne w społecznej rzeczywistości zjawiska związane ze sferą konsumpcji pojmowane są na różne sposoby-kupno samochodu może być odczytane jako przejaw walki statusowej, efekt ulegania modzie, jak i praktyka służąca budowaniu własnej, suwerennej tożsamości; w zależności od interpretacji uznane może zostać zarówno za emancypujące, jak i zniewalające. I żadnemu z tych rozstrzygnięć nie sposób przyznać pierwszeństwa. To, która optyka zostanie przyjęta, argue that individuals can, in the process of consumption, actively create their own identity. In today's world consumers receive a variety of ways of problematizing their identity and many instruments to resolve them.

D. COTTE et al., Entre appréciation et description, les goûts musicaux à l'épreuve de la « data » Entre appréciation et description les goûts musicaux à l'épreuve de la « data » Between appreciation and description musical tastes challenged by the "data"

In this study an analysis is carried out of how Truck Art-an indigenous art form of Pakistan, made its way to popular culture in the form of decorative motifs and items being used in fashion, clothes, and other décor items. The diffusion of truck art into day to day objects can be seen as a cultural shift where one form of art gains popularity by masses to be incorporated in other objects to be enjoyed by masses. This research deals with aesthetic representation of outfitters decorated with truck art styles by focusing on how such styles and articulation of cultural aesthetics add to them in everyday lives. Using a purposive sampling technique, this research gathered data from fashion designers and owners of different apparel brands to explore the motivation and reasons of truck art diffusion. This research illuminates the fact that truck art is not only a form of art, but it also is a platform for the depiction of one's cultural heritage; hence it has gained popularity not only among artists but also amongst the general public. Thus, this art form flourished and gained popularity amongst masses through its portrayals in different fashion and other consumer items. The study implies that art can be used as a strong medium to bring a change in the society because of its strong influence, and at the same time it can be used to promote cultural industries of Pakistan at global level.

This article focuses on the stratification in viewing TV shows as a factor affecting cultural distances between social classes. Based on the research conducted in 2019 in Poland, we investigate the extent to which the patterns of watching TV series are linked to class position. The article demonstrates that viewing TV series rather weakly depends on social class membership, net of other variables taken into account. Neither the time spent in watching, nor the type or quality of TV series appear to be significantly linked to social class defined in terms of property ownership and market position. Yet, other constitutive factors of class structure such as education and cultural capital of parents turn out to be significant. As expected, the higher education of the respondents and their mothers increases the chances for watching the more ‘ambitions’ TV series, while watching the shows of lesser complexity is characteristic of the respondents with lower educational capital. In sum, our findings suggest that this type of cultural activity contributes to the reproduction of the social class distances.

Artykuł analizuje obecną w socjologii narrację, która w konsumpcji widzi narzędzie odkrywania bądź też refl eksyjnego kształtowania tożsamości konsumenta. We współczesnym, pozbawionym oparcia w trwałych instytucjach społeczeństwie, jednostki doświadczają braku zakorzenienia, stąd funkcjonują w poczuciu niepewności swojej tożsamości. Brak tej ostoi w znacznej mierze rekompensuje rynek. Efektem wykorzenienia z dawnych struktur i rosnącej roli rynku nie musi być sfabrykowana, sformatowana przez marketing tożsamość, jak twierdzą postmarksistowsko zorientowani autorzy. Wręcz przeciwnie-jednostka może w bardziej niż kiedyś świadomy sposób kreować swą tożsamość, ale wymaga to ciągłych wyborów zapośredniczonych przez systemy eksperckie. Prezentowane przez owe systemy dyskursy wyrażają różnorodne, często wykluczające się stanowiska-co pluralizuje "rynek tożsamości". Konsumpcja niekoniecznie standaryzuje i wzmacnia konformizm, lecz może służyć jako narzędzie krytycznych, kontestujących dominujące ideologie samookreśleń. W artykule omówione zostały między innymi: koncepcja konsumpcji rozwijana przez Szkołę Birmingham, stanowiska polemiczne wobec idei głoszącej strukturalną determinację konsumpcji, idea refl eksyjnej konsumpcji Anthony'ego Giddensa, w końcu indywidualistyczna i psychologizująca wizja Colina Campbella. Wszystkie zaprezentowane koncepcje argumentują, że jednostka może, w procesie konsumpcji, w aktywny sposób kreować swą tożsamość. W dzisiejszym świecie konsument otrzymuje szeroką gamę sposobów problematyzacji tożsamości oraz wiele instrumentów do rozwiązywania owych problemów. Główne pojęcia: tożsamość; konsumpcja; gust; rynek; systemy eksperckie. Wstęp Obecne w społecznej rzeczywistości zjawiska związane ze sferą konsumpcji pojmowane są na różne sposoby-kupno samochodu może być odczytane jako przejaw walki statusowej, efekt ulegania modzie, jak i praktyka służąca budowaniu własnej, suwerennej tożsamości; w zależności od interpretacji uznane może zostać zarówno za emancypujące, jak i zniewalające. I żadnemu z tych rozstrzygnięć nie sposób przyznać pierwszeństwa. To, która optyka zostanie przyjęta, argue that individuals can, in the process of consumption, actively create their own identity. In today's world consumers receive a variety of ways of problematizing their identity and many instruments to resolve them.

Badanie odwołuje się do socjologii kultury Pierre’a Bourdieu, aby odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy oglądanie współczesnej telewizji zależy od pozycji klasowej jednostek. Zastosowano wielowymiarową analizę korespondencji do danych sondażowych zebranych na lokalnej próbie w Polsce w 2017 roku, aby zrekonstruować przestrzeń preferencji telewizyjnych i zbadać, jakie czynniki społeczno-demograficzne i klasowe leżą u jej podstaw. Zidentyfikowano dwie główne opozycje gustu: nowa telewizja versus tradycyjna oraz orientacja na informację versus na rozrywkę. Opozycje te wynikają z różnic klasowych. Badanie rzuca światło na wzajemne oddziaływanie między wiekiem a pozycją społeczną
w wyrażaniu klasowych dystynkcji i ujawnia różnice w pochodzeniu społecznym między typami konsumentów telewizji. Artykuł wzbogaca nasze rozumienie różnic klasowych, pokazując, w jaki sposób orientacje kulturowe w popularnym i wieloplatformowym środowisku telewizyjnym działają na rzecz wzmocnienia struktury klasowej we współczesnej Polsce.

Este artigo apresenta uma introdução à história do protestantismo no Brasil, abordando as diversas fases da presença dessa vertente do cristianismo aqui desde o período colonial.   O texto discute as ações protestantes franceses no século XVI no Rio de Janeiro, dos holandeses na região que hoje é o nordeste brasileiro, dos imigrantes de origem europeia durante o século XIX e, finalmente o chamado protestantismo de missões, instalado no país a partir da secunda metade do século XIX e que se consolidaria ao longo do século XX. Destaca, por meio da literatura produzida e ou distribuída por esses protestantes nos referidos contextos e, herdeira do movimento reformador do século XVI, tinha como ideal, devido às suas convicções religiosas, submissas ao ensino bíblico, a promoção das liberdade individual e da responsabilidade pelas implicações mais amplas da ética reformada para o desenvolvimento social, tendo a educação como um dos principais meios para que os seus objetivos fossem alcanç...

Through cross-media exemplification this article investigates how a rural ethos and agricultural proficiencies seem included in contemporary media food and how this challenge clear-cut gender distinctions by changing the centre of attention from gendered consumption and preparation of food to a less clearly demarcated domain of food production. In the increasingly popular media foodscape, gender stereotypes are continuously orchestrated clearly as either feminine or masculine: The feminine media food is domestic, light, easy and characterized by healthy, modest and quick ferial solutions. The masculine media food is ‘festal’, dark, exclusive, time consuming and promotes unconcerned hedonism. However, the area of agricultural proficiencies seems to entail less unequivocal gender enactments that warrant closer inspection.

In horror cinema, psychoanalysis remains the dominant methodology for interpreting the relationship between gender and genre, both in terms of characters within the diegesis and the extradiegetic cinematic spectator. This Oedipalization of horror cinema relies on the disturbing sight/site of female sexuality, the embodiment of male fears of dispossession and castration. However, as Donato Totaro points out, such psychoanalytical models of horror cinema rely mainly on analyses of the American cinematic tradition, rooted in a puritanical tradition; as such, they fail to account for the more liberal ‘gender-political range’ of European horror cinema. Totaro points out that, in the European horror film there are many instances where (a) the victims are exclusively or mainly male, and (b) the male victim/hero is sexually attracted to the female killer, not repulsed, as with the monstrous-feminine, and hence there can be no disavowal of her femininity. 2002 In this article, I use Dario Ar...

Abstract
Participating in cultural activities is a fitting and timely subject for researching societal dynamics. This study delves into the factors that influence the cultural involvement of young individuals in Turkey. It aims to uncover the social and economic determinants shaping the participation tendencies of youth. The research collected data from 2,043 students across 29 high schools situated in two provinces within the Marmara Region.
The survey sample was chosen based on the urbanization and economic characteristics of the areas where the schools are situated. The study utilizes data gathered in 2019, which underwent cleaning and input into SPSS software as part of the initial phase. Multiple correspondence analysis was conducted using this data, along with visualizations created using RStudio. The analysis emphasizes the importance of socioeconomic status, maternal education level, and residential area types (urban, suburban, small town) as key explanatory variables influencing cultural participation patterns among young people. It suggests that individuals with greater socioeconomic means tend to be more culturally engaged while those with lower resources tend to be less active in cultural activities.
Additionally, if the mother holds a university degree or higher, her children's overall engagement and intellectual involvement increase. The geographical location of participants is a significant factor influencing cultural participation and its patterns. Youth in urban or rural areas have more diverse opportunities for cultural engagement compared to those living in suburban or slum areas of large cities or rural villages with limited opportunities. Furthermore, while initiating multiple correspondence analysis, it was assumed that gender would be a pivotal factor impacting cultural participation; however, the research findings revealed that the influence of gender was much less than other factors mentioned.
Keywords: cultural participation, multiple correspondence analysis, youth studies.

Artigos Livres-Fluxo Contínuo 250 the direct relationship between religious practices and industrial success. This conception of Protestantism constituted a kind of "mythology" of the nation in the United States and a central element for the formulation of a national identity in that country. This work seeks, therefore, to highlight the power, permanence, and long-term nature of these interpretations, often used even today to explain the alleged North American economic success, often in comparison with other nations, especially the Latin Americans nations.

Research suggests that person-based dispositional factors, as well as properties of the music, influence a person&#39;s musical taste. In this study, we examined the possibility that the interaction between the stressfulness of the music and a listener&#39;s capacity for handling stress contributes to that listener&#39;s musical preferences. The key prediction relating fitness to musical preference is that the stressfulness of the music should tend to reflect the person&#39;s capacity for handling stress, including his or her physical fitness. The study method made use of an online questionnaire to assess physical fitness, impulsivity and sensation-seeking tendencies, and musical preferences. To create an independent index for estimating musical stressfulness, a parallel study was conducted, where an independent group of judges assessed the stressfulness of the music identified by participants in the main study. The stressfulness of the music was predicted using the survey-based dis...

This article is based on the PhD project The Red Shoes, an artistic research project reflected through analyses and experiences of performance events, filmmaking, and theory. The project conducted three different performances for and with children under the age of three, about red shoes, dancing, music, and playing. Mum's Dancing was the final performance and allowed the children full participation in an installation together with two dancers and a musician. The artistic research process itself, moving from a theater performance toward an installation concept and in the end an improvised dance concert, was challenging in terms of methodology. The multitude of perspectives, focuses, and shifting movements urged me as both director and researcher to search for new understandings of the whole event. With Henk Borgdorff's theories on artistic research, I was able to move between an interpretive, an instrumental, and a performative research perspective.

L es études sur les publics d'art, dans la mesure où la sociologie est concernée, oscillent principalement entre une statistique des pratiques culturelles et une sociologie du goût, de nature plus qualitative (Heinich, 2001, p. 49). D'un côté, les sociologues cherchent à associer des pratiques culturelles, ou des répertoires de pratiques-disciplines ou genres artistiques-à des ensembles d'individus agrégés en groupes sociaux. De l'autre, ils s'intéressent plutôt à l'usage social de ces pratiques par des individus issus de milieux ou de groupes sociaux plus ou moins différenciés. Une bonne partie de l'intérêt du travail de Pierre Bourdieu dans La distinction (1979), comme sa difficulté, tient précisément à la tentative de lier les deux approches. En effet, on y trouve, d'une part, des analyses quantitatives du comportement culturel de la population française des années 1960 (et non pas 1970 comme on le laisse souvent entendre, y compris chez Bourdieu), qui démontrent une forte corrélation entre pratiques culturelles et structure sociale (le fameux tableau de correspondance entre espace culturel et espace social) ; d'autre part, on y trouve une sociologie critique de la hiérarchie de la légitimité culturelle, déduite du guy bellavance

In music studies, genre theory has primarily been used to study popular music rather than classical music. This article demonstrates how genre theory can be applied to studying classical music production in order to understand how its value is negotiated and reproduced. Drawing on data from interviews with early-career female classical musicians in London, it explores discourses of classical music as a genre in order to understand how genre shapes working lives. We identify three themes within the data: first, genre hierarchies contribute to the (re-)production of divisions of labour, in ways that reaffirm gendered hierarchies. Second, many research participants actively portrayed themselves as being interested in different musical genres, both as listeners and as performers, but identified other classical musicians as having pejorative attitudes towards non-classical genres or practices such as playing in a band. Third, genre hierarchies were (re-)produced in institutional settings, in musicians' working practices and in social interactions. Overall, analysing classical music as a genre through examining the perspectives of freelance musicians shows that subgenres within classical music, as well as classical music itself, are understood relationally to other genres in a hierarchy of value that reaffirms existing inequalities in the cultural labour market.

Cette recherche a pour objectif d'étudier les pratiques de consommation de vin. Plus précisément, nous nous intéressons au rôle de la trajectoire biographique des individus dans la reproduction des pratiques de consommation de vin. Nous utilisons la méthode des récits de vie afin de permettre aux consommateurs de vin de raconter leurs propres pratiques de consommation de vin. Nos résultats révèlent que les pratiques de consommation de vin se reproduisent selon des contextes spécifiques dépendants de la trajectoire biographique des individus. Nous identifions certains contextes plus favorables à la reproduction des pratiques. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l'importance des individus dans la performance des pratiques et proposent une meilleure incorporation des dimensions relatives à l'individu au sein de la théorie des pratiques sociales. Enfin, nous introduisons la notion de carrière de pratiques et soulignons la nécessité pour l'industrie viticole de cibler des consommateurs selon la phase de la carrière des pratiques de consommation de vin dans laquelle ils se situent. Mots-clés : pratiques ; vin ; carrière ; récits de vie.

We examine bodily health investments among professionals and students from the Danish health sector using a mixed methods approach. By means of multiple correspondence analysis with 345 respondents and 30 interviews, the focal point of our analysis is the concept of embodied health capital, which we claim can explain how individuals perceive and invest in their bodies differently. We typify health capital with five distinctive modes of body investment: the surgical body, the chemical body, the nutritional body, the physical body, and the mental body. Health capital has potential as a new form of capital that compensates or subsidizes other capitals. It can be deployed in positions in different fields and in social space, including in Danish healthcare field. The physical and nutritional body are special objects of investment. Young and less educated groups apply an instrumental body perception whereas older and higher educated groups apply a naturalistic body view.

Recebido em 03 / Abril / 2006 Aprovado em 10/ Julho / 2006 RESUMO Esse artigo tem como objetivo verificar se as estratégias de diferenciação das empresas de torrefação e moagem por meio de novas tecnologias de produto têm sido percebidas pelos consumidores brasileiros. Para isso foi correlacionado o perfil da demanda com a evolução de consumo (preço e quantidade) dos diferentes tipos de cafés, adquiridos a partir de dados mensais de 2002 a 2004, classificados em grupos de produtos: café Gourmet, Tradicional moído, e moído Vácuo puro. Os principais resultados mostraram uma mudança comportamental, ainda que singela, no período analisado. Os cafés Gourmet e a Vácuo ganharam mercado em relação produto tradicional, uma vez que apresenta maior valor agregado. Considerando a pequena modificação da restrição orçamentária no período em análise na região estudada, concluiu-se que a mudança estratégica permitiu ampliar a participação do café na cesta de produto dos consumidores a partir do valor adicionado conquistado pela diferenciação nas características, principalmente, sensorial do produto.

Recebido em 03 / Abril / 2006 Aprovado em 10/ Julho / 2006 RESUMO Esse artigo tem como objetivo verificar se as estratégias de diferenciação das empresas de torrefação e moagem por meio de novas tecnologias de produto têm sido percebidas pelos consumidores brasileiros. Para isso foi correlacionado o perfil da demanda com a evolução de consumo (preço e quantidade) dos diferentes tipos de cafés, adquiridos a partir de dados mensais de 2002 a 2004, classificados em grupos de produtos: café Gourmet, Tradicional moído, e moído Vácuo puro. Os principais resultados mostraram uma mudança comportamental, ainda que singela, no período analisado. Os cafés Gourmet e a Vácuo ganharam mercado em relação produto tradicional, uma vez que apresenta maior valor agregado. Considerando a pequena modificação da restrição orçamentária no período em análise na região estudada, concluiu-se que a mudança estratégica permitiu ampliar a participação do café na cesta de produto dos consumidores a partir do valor adicionado conquistado pela diferenciação nas características, principalmente, sensorial do produto.

We examine bodily health investments among professionals and students from the Danish health sector using a mixed methods approach. By means of multiple correspondence analysis with 345 respondents and 30 interviews, the focal point of our analysis is the concept of embodied health capital, which we claim can explain how individuals perceive and invest in their bodies differently. We typify health capital with five distinctive modes of body investment: the surgical body, the chemical body, the nutritional body, the physical body, and the mental body. Health capital has potential as a new form of capital that compensates or subsidizes other capitals. It can be deployed in positions in different fields and in social space, including in Danish healthcare field. The physical and nutritional body are special objects of investment. Young and less educated groups apply an instrumental body perception whereas older and higher educated groups apply a naturalistic body view.

Kulturelle Bildung ist ein Erfolgsmodell. Diskursiv und institutionell hat sich der Begriff etabliert, das Feld ist breit und tief verankert in der kulturpolitischen und handlungspraktischen Realität. Kaum ein Stadttheater, Konzerthaus oder Museum, das nicht pädagogische Angebote konzipiert, kaum ein bildungspolitisches Programm, das sich nicht auch auf Kultur und die Teilhabe an ihr bezieht. In der kulturellen Bildung geht es längst nicht mehr ›nur‹ um ästhetisch-künstlerische Erfahrungen oder Fertigkeiten, sondern auch, ganz allgemein, um Momente der Kreativität sowie um die Formen der Erfahrung und des Erlebens, die mit Kultur verbunden sind. Darüber hinaus werden mit kultureller Bildung auch verschiedene Erwartungen verknüpft, z.B. in Form von ›Transfer-Effekten‹ hin zu Intelligenz, Resilienz oder sozialer Kompetenz 1 oder in Form von demokratie-stärkender und ermächtigender Partizipation. Die Erwartung, dass über den Weg der kulturellen Bildung andere (Bildungs-)Defizite behoben werden könnten, lässt sich auch in den Begründungen der diversen Förderprogramme ablesen. »Kultur macht stark« lautet z.B. der programmatische Titel des millionenschweren Programms des BMBF, das bis 2022 nochmals verlängert wurde. Auf welche Weise diese Erstarkung durch Kultur sich vollzieht, bleibt freilich offen (vgl. Hornberger 2017). Auch die Geschichte der Populären Kultur ist eine des Erfolgs. Als wesentlicher Teil der Kultur-und Kreativwirtschaft trägt der große Bereich der Unterhaltung (vom Roman über Fernsehen bis zu Games) einen durchaus erheblichen Teil zum Bruttosozialprodukt 1 Vgl. hierzu die sogenannte ›Bastian‹-Studie, die positive Wirkungen einer verstärkten Musikerziehung bei Kindern über die Musikalisierung hinaus beschreibt, und zwar im Persönlichkeitsbereich, Sozialbereich und im Lern-und Leistungsbereich (vgl. Bastian 2000: 82f.). Die in der Studie vorgestellten Ergebnisse und Ableitungen wurden in der wissenschaftlichen Debatte durchaus kritisch diskutiert (vgl. stellvertretend z.B. Gembris u. a. 2001, Röbke 2001 und Gembris 2015). Dennoch haben Bastian selbst ebenso wie andere kulturpolitische Akteur*innen die Studie kultur-und bildungspolitisch als Argumentation für eine Stärkung von Musikerziehung in und außerhalb der Schule genutzt (vgl. hierzu Bastian 2007).

To date, Peterson and Kern's (1996) ''highbrow omnivorousness'' hypothesis has been examined mainly for the case of musical taste. In this paper we attempt to extend this framework to a relatively unexplored cultural domain, that of television consumption. Using data from the 2001 Eurobarometer we hypothesize that highbrows will be more likely to consume a wide variety of other forms of popular culture, namely television programming. The results fail to unambiguously confirm the highbrow omnivorousness hypothesis: in some EU countries, highbrows consume a wider variety of television programming than nonhighbrows, in other countries, highbrows are indistinguishable from non-highbrows, while in a third group of countries, highbrows are snobbier than non-highbrows in their television consumption choices. We attempt to explain this cross-national heterogeneity in the highbrow/non-highbrow difference in television consumption using DiMaggio's (1977) organizational theory of culture production. In our ''contingent highbrow omnivorousness'' framework, we propose that in commercialized, profit-oriented cultural industry systems, highbrow snobbery rather than omnivorousness will be the norm. In relatively less commercialized, profit-oriented contexts, highbrow the snobbery effect will be weaker. Classifying countries by the degree of market orientation of the television production field yields results that are consistent with this hypothesis.

In this article, we aim to contribute to recent work in the sociology of taste on the role of cultural dislikes as resources for symbolic exclusion and identity construction. We merge a new data set that replicates musical taste (patterns of likes and dislikes) items from the 1993 GSS with a new data source, resulting in the first repeated cross-section on patterns of likes and dislikes in the U.S. population. Our key finding is that there has been a dramatic shift in the way that people from the United States use cultural dislikes for purposes of symbolic exclusion: namely, the rise of a significant segment of the population that refuses to use culture for this purpose. To shed further light on this pattern, we deploy a statistical model that allows us to distinguish respondents who could have expressed dislikes but did not from those who were predisposed to not dislike any cultural form from the very beginning. The results show that the main drivers of the shift towards "refusing to dislike" are very likely cohort replacement and the increasing "browning" of the American population.

Scores of sociological studies have provided evidence for the association between broad cultural taste, or omnivorousness, and various status characteristics, such as education, occupation, and age. Nevertheless, the literature lacks a consistent theoretical foundation with which to understand and organize these empirical findings. In this paper, we offer such a framework, suggesting that a mechanism-based approach is helpful for the examination of the origins of the omnivore-univore taste pattern as well as its class-based distribution. We re-ground the discussion of this phenomenon in Distinction (Bourdieu 1984), conceptualizing omnivorous taste as a transposable form of the aesthetic disposition available most readily to individuals who convert early aesthetic training into high cultural capital occupational trajectories. After outlining the genetic mechanisms that link the aesthetic disposition to early socialization trajectories, we identify two relational mechanisms that modulate its manifestation (either enhancing or inhibiting it) after early socialization.