Scripting Language

The scientific community shows a great interest in the study of DNA damage induction, DNA damage repair and the biological effects on cells and cellular systems after exposure to ionizing radiation. Several in-silico methods have been proposed so far to study these mechanisms using Monte Carlo simulations. This study outlines a Geant4-DNA example application, named "molecularDNA", publicly released in the 11.1 version of Geant4 (December 2022). It was developed for novice Geant4 users and requires only a basic understanding of scripting languages to get started. The example currently proposes two different DNA-scale geometries of biological targets, namely "cylinders", and the "human cell". This public version is based on a previous prototype and includes new features such as: the adoption of a new approach for the modeling of the chemical stage (IRT-sync), the use of the Standard DNA Damage (SDD) format to describe radiation-induced DNA damage and upgraded computational tools to estimate DNA damage response. Simulation data in terms of single strand break (SSB) and double strand break (DSB) yields were produced using each of these geometries. The results were compared to the literature, to validate the example, producing less than 5 % difference in all cases.

Good scientific practice requires good documentation and traceability of every research step in order to ensure reproducibility and repeatability of our research. However, with increasing data availability and ability to record big data, experiments and data analysis become more complex. This complexity often requires many pre-and post-processing steps that all need to be documented for reproducibility of final results. This poses very different challenges for numerical experiments, laboratory work and field-data analysis. The platform Renku (), developed by the Swiss Data Science Center, aims at facilitating reproducibility and repeatability of all these scientific workflows. Renku stores all data, code and scripts in an online repository, and records in their history how these files are generated, interlinked and modified. The linkages between files (inputs, code and outputs) lead to the so-called knowledge graph, used to record the provenance of results and connecting those with all other relevant entities in the project. We will discuss here several use examples, including mathematical analysis, laboratory experiments, data analysis and numerical experiments, all related to scientific projects presented separately. Reproducibility of mathematical analysis is facilitated by clear variable definitions and a computer algebra package that enables reproducible symbolic derivations. We will present the use of the Python package ESSM () for this purpose, and how it can be integrated into a Renku workflow. Reproducibility of laboratory results is facilitated by tracking of experimental conditions for each data record and instrument re-calibration activities, mainly through Jupyter notebooks. Data analysis based on different data sources requires the preservation of links to external datasets and snapshots of the dataset versions imported into the project, that is facilitated by Renku. Renku also takes care of clear links between input, code and output of large numerical experiments, our last use example, and enables systematic updating if any of the input or code files are changed. These different examples demonstrate how Renku can assist in documenting the scientific process from input to output and the final paper. All code and data are directly available online, and the recording of the workflows ensures reproducibility and repeatability.

Recognition of destination address is compulsory for automation of the postal system in India. Our observation found that such recognition becomes a very challenging task due to inter-mixing of three languages (Hindi, English and the official language of the particular state in which the postal document is supposed to reach).In this paper, our attempt towards development of a dynamic programming based system for city-name and pin code recognition of destination address in postal documents of India not only managed to address the difficulties related to identification of the scripts but also managed to get rid of those problems which is generated due to character touching in postal documents. For city-name recognition, lexicon information is used. However, no lexicon information is used for pin code recognition since an Indian pin code contains only 6 digits. We obtained 99.55% reliability from tri-lingual city-name recognition system where error rates are 0.20% and rejection rates a...

The MacQTEX quiz system uses JavaScript [1, 9] embedded within PDF format [4] documents to allow students to do multiple-choice style quizzes. The Internet may be used to supply the quiz document, and to record results. But even when not connected, there is immediate ...

The use of the Guided Writing Activity Strategy (SAMT) method in making a simple dialogue script can be applied by the teacher to optimize the ability of students. SAMT method makes the role of the teacher who so far has only been a giver of assignments will switch in the form of collaboration with students. SAMT method in fifth-grade students of SDN Malaka Jaya 06 Pagi East Jakarta is intended to make efforts to improve the quality of learning, especially on simple dialog scriptwriting skills that are expected to affect improving student learning outcomes in writing simple dialog scripts.

This essay re-examines several examples of non-performance based artworks from the perspective and history of performance art. For instance, the photomontages I produced as an undergrad art student were based on repeated acts of stealing posters from their public sites on the street between my house and the college. Later, while working collaboratively with Mark Hutchinson in Manchester and London, we made photograms and paintings of scenes that we enacted on the street (striking a match, taking a flag for a walk). Years later, as a solo artist again, I produced a body of work in the form of slide presentations that consisted of photographs of me dressed in homemade costumes that cast me as a monster. In my work with the Freee art collective, we used slogans, our own bodies, costumes and props to give material reality to slogans that we treated as scripts. We wrote manifestos and staged events in which participants read. So, while the forms of my work are image based, the rationale is typically tied to the techniques and values of performance.

This essay re-examines several examples of non-performance based artworks from the perspective and history of performance art. For instance, the photomontages I produced as an undergrad art student were based on repeated acts of stealing posters from their public sites on the street between my house and the college. Later, while working collaboratively with Mark Hutchinson in Manchester and London, we made photograms and paintings of scenes that we enacted on the street (striking a match, taking a flag for a walk). Years later, as a solo artist again, I produced a body of work in the form of slide presentations that consisted of photographs of me dressed in homemade costumes that cast me as a monster. In my work with the Freee art collective, we used slogans, our own bodies, costumes and props to give material reality to slogans that we treated as scripts. We wrote manifestos and staged events in which participants read. So, while the forms of my work are image based, the rationale ...

Handwritten signature datasets are really necessary for the purpose of developing and training automatic signature verification systems. It is desired that all samples in a signature dataset should exhibit both inter-personal and intra-personal variability. A possibility to model this reality seems to be obtained through the synthesis of signatures. In this paper we propose a method based on motor equivalence model theory to generate static Bengali signatures. This theory divides the human action to write mainly into cognitive and motor levels. Due to difference between scripts, we have redesigned our previous synthesizer [1], [2], which generates static Western signatures. The experiments assess whether this method can approach the intra and interpersonal variability of the Bengali-100 Static Signature DB from a performance-based validation. The similarities reported in the experimental results proof the ability of the synthesizer to generate signature images in this script.

A poetic performative script is offered in this piece to highlight through critical playful speech the metaphoric, archetypal, and narrative forms of habituation and scripting that lay powerfully in the shadows of intercultural performative work, if only because we fail to interrogate the most mundane and repetitive framing stories, assumptions, and language.

Molecular simulation is a scientific tool used in many fields including material science and biology. This requires constant development and enhancement of algorithms within molecular simulation software packages. Here, we present computational tools for multiscale modeling developed and implemented within the ESPResSo++ package. These include the latest applications of the adaptive resolution scheme, the hydrodynamic interactions through a lattice Boltzmann solvent coupled to particle-based molecular dynamics, the implementation of the hierarchical strategy for equilibrating long-chained polymer melts and a heterogeneous spatial domain decomposition. The software design of ESPResSo++ has kept its highly modular C++ kernel with a Python user interface. Moreover, it has been enhanced by automatic scripts that parse configurations from other established packages, providing scientists with the ability to rapidly set up their simulations.

The emergence of increasingly social and connected technologies is providing new opportunities for computer supported collaborative learning designs, (e.g., user-contributed content, tangible and embodied interactions, and augmented reality), while raising challenges and complexities in the scripting and orchestrating of these interactions. This poster responds to these challenges, introducing an orchestration framework (S3) within the context of two grade 11 physics classes in a smart classroom setting.

Web based recruitment portal is a web-based application that monitors the recruitment process of any organization online. It has the features that allow the user to apply for a job online. When application is sent through the web portal, based on the requirement of the said job description, the portal screens the candidate and determines whether or not the applicant is qualified. If the applicant is not qualified, the portal rejects the application and returns feedback to the user, or else the applicant's information will be sent to the portal's database, where the administrator can access notify the applicant of the date of an interview. The web-based recruitment portal is or should be recommended for every organization in their personnel department because it will ease the stress of the personnel managers and as well help them to select the suitable people to suit the position. This web portal will be developed using Sublime Code Editor, XAMPP Server and scripting with PHP server technology. The database will be administered using MySQL.

SugarCubes is a set of Java classes used to implement reactive, event based, concurrent systems. It is a low-level basis upon which more complex reactive formalisms can be implemented. SugarCubes introduces the notion of a global logical instant of execution, which is used to define synchronous parallelism and concurrency. It is also used to define instantaneous broadcasting of events which is a powerful communication mechanism. The second release of the SugarCubes package introduces some new extensions for easy implemention of dynamic and modular systems. It also defines a more accurate interface between reactive programs and standard Java objects. Basically, it introduces the notion of a reactive object, called cube, and focus on descriptions and combinations of behaviors of such objects. SugarCubes is freely available on the Web.

The SugarCubes are a set of Java classes used to implement reactive, event based, parallel systems. The SugarCubes can be seen as a low-level basis upon which more complex reactive formalisms can be implemented. They also provide a convenient framework for prototyping experimental extensions to various reactive formalisms. The SugarCubes are freely available on the Web.

Before the advent of the colonialist in Nigeria, Arabic language was used as the official language of communication and of daily intercourse. Historical records also confirmed that for about three centuries between 17 th and 19 th centuries Arabic documents remained the only source of information for European writers on western and central Sudan. A large number of these scholarly works were written by native West African authors in Arabic language, or in their native languages using Arabic scripts. However, the scramble for West African countries by the Europeans in the 19 th century brought about the occupation of the areas by the imperialists. This led to change in socio -cultural life of the people of the regions including the Muslims, which in turn has a spillover effect on the communicative functions of Arabic language. Thus, this paper intends to trace a brief history of Arabic in Nigeria, its functions as the language of communication and its subsequent subversion by the European colonialist. Special attention is giving to the present status of Arabic language in Nigeria and the subsequent implications.

We examine the problem of "understanding robots" and design an F-2 emotional robot to "understand" speech and to support human-like behavior. The suggested system is an applied implementation of the theoretical concept of robotic information flow, suggested by M. Minsky ("proto-specialists") and A. Sloman (CogAff). This system works with real world inputnatural texts, speech soundand produces natural behavioral outputspeech, gestures and facial expressions. Unlike other chatbots, the system relies on semantic representation and operates with a set of d-scripts (equivalents to proto-specialists), extracted from advertising and mass media texts as a classification of basic emotional patterns. The process of "understanding" is modelled as the selection of a relevant d-script for the incoming utterance.

Two studies were conducted to examine the use of grounded embodied pedagogy, construction of Imaginary Worlds (Study 1), and context of instructional materials (Study 2) for developing learners' Computational Thinking (CT) Skills and Concept knowledge during the construction of digital artifacts using Scratch, a block-based programming language. Utilizing a conceptual framework for grounded embodied pedagogy called Instructional Embodiment, learners physically enacted (Direct Embodiment) and mentally simulated (Imagined Embodiment) the actions and events as presented within pre-defined Scripts. Instructional Embodiment utilizes action, perception, and environment to create a dynamic, interactive teaching & learning scenario that builds upon previous research in embodied teaching and learning. The two studies described herein examined the effects of Instructional Embodiment, Imaginary World Construction, and Context on the development of specific Computational Thinking Concepts a...

Applications for handwritten script digitization include automated form processing, archival preservation, document digitization, handwriting recognition software, and historical document research. The performance of the recognition algorithms, the complex nature of the script, and the handwriting quality all affect how accurate the digitization is. Significant research on handwritten text recognition in scripts like Latin, Chinese, Arabic, and Japanese is reported. Still in its infancy, the work described on handwritten Indic scripts necessitates extensive research in this area. This thorough analysis offers an open view of different feature extraction and classification methods for the offline and online identification of handwritten Indic scripts. The primary objective of this paper is to explore the accuracy and efficiency of recognition systems by analyzing several state-of-the-art studies and comparing and evaluating various techniques for Tulu script handwritten character recognition. This paper aims to describe various advancements reported over the last few decades in the field of handwritten scripts recognition.

All humans are obliged to be educated. The objective of the subject of education is to improve the quality of oneself in order to become a complete person. In achieving that goal, education has tools to support its smooth running. One of the educational tools punishment which is punishment, has a profound impact on learners. The punishment in education is the punishment given to the learner aimed at edifying the offending learner. After the sentencing, the impact of the learner, the impact of each learner varied, to which in the study, researchers tried to dig up information on the impact of the punishment on the learner by using literature and secondary data, that is, data from previously existing sources such as journal articles, books, and scripts. Then the data was qualitatively analyzed using the miles and hubermans' methods. Analysis has resulted in some effect on learners. The effects are positive and dam impact.

Genetic algorithms have become one of successful tools in design and topology optimization. The optimization module based on genetic algorithms was developed and employed in Abaqus/CAE by GUI and kernel scripting. The new module extends advanced functionality of Abaqus/CAE allowing to perform optimization directly in Abaqus Unified FEA product suite from SIMULIA. The genetic algorithms implemented in optimization approach are based on available GPL libraries. Significant improvement in evolving into optimal solution can be achieved when genetic algorithms are combined with neural networks which one can train by running Abaqus jobs, and substantially improve the efficiency of computations. In the paper the shape optimization problem of a tooth implant will be presented and discussed in detail. The particular Abaqus features useful in this application will be highlighted, as well. The presented approach seems to be extremely efficient in parallel computations.

Genetic algorithms have become one of successful tools in design and topology optimization. The optimization module based on genetic algorithms was developed and employed in Abaqus/CAE by GUI and kernel scripting. The new module extends advanced functionality of Abaqus/CAE allowing to perform optimization directly in Abaqus Unified FEA product suite from SIMULIA. The genetic algorithms implemented in optimization approach are based on available GPL libraries. Significant improvement in evolving into optimal solution can be achieved when genetic algorithms are combined with neural networks which one can train by running Abaqus jobs, and substantially improve the efficiency of computations. In the paper the shape optimization problem of a tooth implant will be presented and discussed in detail. The particular Abaqus features useful in this application will be highlighted, as well. The presented approach seems to be extremely efficient in parallel computations.

Archives are reviews that have been written, printed and in various forms made by groups/organizations, individuals and institutions or agencies within a company. The archive contains letters, deeds, scripts, books, charters and so on, which can later be used as evidence for actions and decisions. At the office of the general criminal investigation directorate, sub-directorate III of the North Sumatra Regional Police, the archives are still archived in the agenda book or can be called manually archived, especially in the archiving of incoming and outgoing letters. The research objective is to build a website-based mail filing information system using the waterfall method. This study resulted in several menu sections such as adding letters, changing mail data and uploading letters. In testing the system using the black box method and with the desired results. Thus, the results from the data obtained can be applied to the general criminal investigation directorate office, sub-directorate III of the North Sumatra Regional Police.

It seeks also to unveil the taboos in the discourses about memory, and the policies of reminding treated by the author in his cultural project. To scrutinize this issue, we adopted an approach of criticism of criticism based on three procedures; description, analysis and interpretation in the light of hermeneutical perspective of

war Real Time Strategy (wRTS) games a human player controls, in real time, an army consisting of a number of soldiers and her aim is to destroy the opponent's assets where the opponent is a virtual (i.e., non-human player controlled) player that usually consists of a pre-programmed decision-making script. These scripts have usually associated some well-known problems (e.g., predictability, non-rationality, repetitive behaviors, and sensation of artificial stupidity among others). This paper describes a method for the automatic generation of virtual players that adapt to the player skills; this is done by building initially a model of the player behavior in real time during the game, and further evolving the virtual player via this model in-between two games. The paper also shows preliminary results obtained on a oneplayer wRTS game constructed specifically for experimentation.

1.1 Justificación y alcance del trabajo Los últimos 10 años han sido un punto de inflexión para los modelos de lenguaje y las arquitecturas que los sustentan, lo que ha conllevado mejoras sustanciales en el procesamiento automático del lenguaje natural. Estos avances se enmarcan en un área de investigación más amplia, la comprensión del lenguaje natural (NLU) dentro de la cual se han desarrollado grandes modelos del lenguaje (LLM) que han supuesto un antes y un después en el desarrollo de interfaces humano-computador. Sin embargo, si bien los LLM son eficaces para identificar y procesar los diferentes aspectos del lenguaje sintáctica y gramaticalmente, y en generalizar estas estructuras a nuevos textos, en su aplicación en escenarios de la vida real aún presentan limitaciones a la hora de diseñar un plan de escritura que gestione los ritmos, motivaciones, intencionalidad y la dirección narrativa de los textos cuando se requiere una comprensión profunda del contexto. Además, a pesar de que las capacidades y los tamaños en la ventana de contexto de estos modelos no paran de crecer, no ocurre lo mismo con la calidad de los textos resultantes (Herrando Moraira, A., 2024), que, si bien alcanzan cada vez cotas más altas en los distintos benchmark, siguen adoleciendo de los mismos defectos base cuando crece la cantidad de tokens a generar. Aunque estos modelos generan textos bastante buenos para fragmentos cortos, mantener la coherencia a lo largo de textos extensos como libros o guiones es desafiante y los modelos tienden a perder el hilo de aspectos narrativos complejos a medida que el texto se alarga. Algunos autores como Chakrabarty T. creen que este problema se debe a que el modelo tiende a concentrar su atención en aspectos gramaticales y no centrados en la coherencia de la historia. Sin un plan narrativo definido, los modelos pueden producir textos que carecen de un objetivo claro, lo que es particularmente problemático en escritos que requieren una estructura rigurosa como guiones, libros, o trabajos académicos y puede llevar a inconsistencias graves. 'pasado remoto'. Capítulo 7: Rostros del pasado. Un encuentro revela secretos dolorosos del pasado de Alejandro y su conexión con la desaparición de Ana. Capítulo 8: El enclave del conocimiento. Una frenética búsqueda en la Biblioteca mientras Alejandro y María desvelan información crucial sobre la naturaleza de la plaga. Capítulo 9: Cerco al refugio. El grupo planea su huida hacia un refugio en las afueras, desvelando que no todos sobrevivirán el trayecto. Capítulo 10: Testimonio de un alma rota. Manifiestos emocionales y confesiones nocturnas en el diario de Alejandro revelan sus miedos y aspiraciones. Capítulo 11: Traiciones ocultas. Durante el éxodo, revelaciones chocantes sacuden al grupo y advierten que la amenaza no viene solo del exterior. Capítulo 12: Un destino compartido. Unidos por la desesperación, sacrificios se tornan inevitables mientras el grupo se enfrenta a tiempos cada vez más desesperados. Capítulo 13: La cumbre del valor. Confrontación final cuando se abren los manuscritos concluyendo si encontrarán la salvación o sucumbirán al horror. Capítulo 14: El amanecer de Maldad Suprema. Momentos clave donde cada miembro del grupo debe considerar qué están dispuestos a perder por recuperar sus vidas y su humanidad.

We argue that traditional sequencing technology developed in the field of intelligent tutoring systems could find an immediate place in large-scale Web-based education as a core technology for concept-based course maintenance. This paper describes a concept-based course maintenance system that we have developed for Carnegie Technology Education. The system can check the consistency and quality of a course at any moment of its life and also assist course developers in some routine operations. The core of this system is a refined approach to indexing the course material and a set of "scripts" for performing different operations.

war Real Time Strategy (wRTS) games a human player controls, in real time, an army consisting of a number of soldiers and her aim is to destroy the opponent's assets where the opponent is a virtual (i.e., non-human player controlled) player that usually consists of a pre-programmed decision-making script. These scripts have usually associated some well-known problems (e.g., predictability, non-rationality, repetitive behaviors, and sensation of artificial stupidity among others). This paper describes a method for the automatic generation of virtual players that adapt to the player skills; this is done by building initially a model of the player behavior in real time during the game, and further evolving the virtual player via this model in-between two games. The paper also shows preliminary results obtained on a oneplayer wRTS game constructed specifically for experimentation.

Cloud computing has become the norm of today's heavily used computer science applications. Load balancing is the key to efficient cloud based deployment architectures. It is an essential component in the deployment architecture when it comes to cloud native attributes of multi-tenancy, elasticity, distributed and dynamic wiring, and incremental deployment and testability. A load balancer that can base its traffic routing decisions on multiple cloud services is called a service-aware load balancer. We are introducing a novel implementation of a flexible load balancing framework which can be customized using a domain specific scripting language. Using this approach the user can customize the framework to take into account the different services running on each cluster (service-awareness) as well as the dynamically changing tenants in each cluster (tenant-awareness) before making the load balancing decisions. This scripting language lets users to define rules and configure message routing decisions. This methodology is more light weight and expressive than products already available, making the cluster based load balancing more efficient and productive..

The GCC free compiler is a very large software, compiling source in several languages for many targets on various systems. It can be extended by plugins, which may take advantage of its power to provide extra specific functionality (warnings, optimizations, source refactoring or navigation) by processing various GCC internal representations (Gimple, Tree, ...). Writing plugins in C is a complex and time-consuming task, but customizing GCC by using an existing scripting language inside is impractical. We describe MELT, a specific Lisp-like DSL which fits well into existing GCC technology and offers high-level features (functional, object or reflexive programming, pattern matching). MELT is translated to C fitted for GCC internals and provides various features to facilitate this. This work shows that even huge, legacy, software can be a posteriori extended by specifically tailored and translated high-level DSLs. 1 Gnu Compiler Collection (gcc 4.6.0 released on march 25 th 2011) on gcc.gnu.org 2 4.296 Millions Lines Of source Code, measured with David Wheeler's SLOCCount. Most other tools give bigger code measures, e.g., ohcount gives 8.370MLOC of source, with 5.477MLOC of code and 1.689MLOC of comments. 3 GCC 4.4.1, released July 22 th , 2009, was 3.884MLOC, so a 0.412MLOC = 10.6% increase in 1.67 years 4 Every submitted code patch should be accepted by a code reviewer who cannot be the author of the patch, but there is no project leader or head architect, like Linus Torvalds is for the Linux kernel. So GCC has not a clean, well-designed, architecture. The GCC middle-end does not depend upon the source language or the target processor (except with parameters giving sizeof(int) etc.).

Although Indians represent a sizable market for computers and mobile phones, the technology for typing and displaying text in Indic scripts has lagged far behind the demand. The main hurdles have been (a) the nature of the Indic scripts and (b) the lack of compatibility across software providers. This paper examines three input devices -manual typewriters, computer keyboards, and mobile phone keypads-that have modified existing models for English. It compares these with the technology developed for typing text in Japanese.

In this preliminary study, we reported only the data assessed through the following self-report measures: 1) the Youth Self Report 11/18 (YSR 11/18; Achenbach, 2001) to measure the self-referred rates of internalizing (cut-of M>29; F > 35) and externalizing (cut-of M > 31, F > 26) symptoms. 2) the Inventory of Parent and Peer Ataahment (IPPA; Armsden & Greenberg ,1989; italian version by Pace et al., 2011) to measure attachment with respect to mother, father and peers. 3) the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for adolesaents (ERQ-CA; Gullone & Tafe, 2012) to measure the use of ER' strategies Cognitve Reappraisal (CR) and Expressive Suppression (ES).

The provision of toxic content and misinformation is a frequent phenomenon in current social media with specific impact and risks for younger users. We report on efforts taken in the project Courage to mitigate and overcome these threats through dedicated educational technology inspired by psychological and pedagogical approaches. The aim is to empower adolescents to confidently interact with and utilize social media and to increase their awareness and resilience. For this purpose, we have adopted approaches from the field of Intelligent Tutoring Systems, namely the provision of a virtual learning companion (VLC). The technical system is a browser-based environment that allows for combining a controllable social media space with a VLC as a plugin. This environment is backed by an API that bundles Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing algorithms for detecting and classifying different types of risks. The pedagogical scenarios that are supported by this technical environment and approach range from chat-based dialogues to more complex narrative scripts.

Road accidents have increased rapidly in recent years for a variety of reasons. Analyzing and visualizing road accidents through heatmaps can help improve policies for their prevention by informing about areas with a high-risk of road accidents. The purpose of this research is to build a model for the analysis and visualization of road accidents through heatmaps. Information about road accidents is extracted from the news of the main online media portals through scripts in the Python language and Web Scraping techniques. From the extraction of about 30,000 articles from news portals for one year, only 829 were selected in the end that provided information about road accidents. As a result, and contribution of this research, a corpus was built with the geographic coordinates of road accidents and on this data our model was applied for the analysis and visualization of high-risk areas of road accidents using heatmaps. The visualization of heatmaps was done through a Python script, where it was applied to the geographic coordinates of road accidents.

Baylor and Deslauriers' application of script theory to dreams is described. The theory views dreams in waking-life terms of having characters with knowledge, plans, goals, and reasons. Problems with the notion of imaginary characters having their own goals are examined. A comparison is then made between this phenomenological theory and semiological structuralist analysis. A dream previously analyzed in tenns of a script is reanalyzed along structuralist lines to illustrate how a dream can be a rebus-like derivative of another world (the waking world) rather than be itself a world in which dream characters temporarily live. Implications for the problem-solving theory of dreams are discussed.

Writing is considered as an important but a difficult language skill for undergraduates. To develop writing skills, undergraduates need to be given the opportunity to interact with and help one another in the writing process. They also need to be supported by teachers in the process. However, most of the traditional teaching methods adopted by writing instructors in Nigeria do not allow students to interact in the learning process. In this light, this study investigates the effects of a problem-based learning approach (PBL) on the writing performance of Nigerian undergraduates. The study employed a pre- and- post-treatment quasi-experimental research design. The participants (n=18) involved in the study were an intact class of second-year students taking English composition course and two tutors in a college in North-eastern Nigeria. The study was conducted over a period of 12 weeks. To determine the effects of PBL on the participants’ writing performance, a rating scale was used to...

Figure : Overview of the Wrapyfi framework. From top to bottom: 1) Data types are encoded or decoded depending on the transmission mode; 2) Encoded objects are prepared for transmission using the Request/Reply or Publish/Subscribe communication pattern; 3) Messages are transmitted through the selected middleware protocol; 4) Messages sequenced according to the communication scheme; 5) Messages exchanged between robots, applications, and sensors. ★ ★ The "nine dots" ROS and ROS 2 logos are trademarks of Open Source Robotics Foundation. TensorFlow, the TensorFlow logo, and any related marks are trademarks of Google Inc. The OpenCV logo is a trademark of . The NumPy logo is used in accordance with the NumPy logo guidelines. The pandas logo is used in accordance with the brand and logo guidelines. PyTorch, the PyTorch logo and any related marks are trademarks of The Linux Foundation. The name ZeroMQ and the "ØMQ" logo are used in compliance with creative commons license Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). The logos for Dask, Apache MXNet, paddlepaddle, PIL (Pillow), JAX, and YARP are included with respect to their trademark policies; we acknowledge that these are subject to copyrights, trademarks, or registered trademarks of their respective holders. We do not claim ownership of these copyrights or trademarks. The use of these logos does not indicate endorsement by the trademark or copyright holders, nor does

In a companion paper, we showed that weak and strong notions of substitutes in economies with discrete goods have different implications for auction theory and equilibrium theory. In contrast, for the divisible goods case with concave valuations, natural extensions of these concepts coincide. Concave substitute valuations are characterized by submodularity of the dual profit function over nonlinear prices and are robust with respect to additive concave perturbations, which extends a related notion of robustness established for complements, as in . When all bidders have concave substitute valuations, the Vickrey outcome is in the core but the law of aggregate demand, which holds for strong substitutes in discrete economies, can fail.

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Proteins are composed of amino acids and relative ordering of amino acids form various proteins. Proteins fold into 3D structures and their structures determine their functions. Organs are made of proteins and proteins orchestrate various biological processes of the cell. Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence have developed models which can predict 3D structures of proteins from their linear sequence data. With the availability of faster computation and high volume data processing infrastructure, tenets of computation are now being increasingly used to solve problems in biology and healthcare. One of the models that is on the cutting edge of research is Deepmind's Alphafold[4][6][10[20]]. This review paper covers the applications of AlphaFold and other AI models to change biology and medicine highlighting its impact in protein structure prediction, drug design, general medicine, genomics and genetics. Alphafold played a significant role in predicting structures of SARS-COV-2 virus[2] and is being used by researchers in accelerating drug discovery. In many cases, in the field of structural biology, alphafold has reached near experimental accuracy and now has been very well integrated in the research pipeline[4][6]. Important observations entail AlphaFold's capability to enhance access to quality structural data as demonstrated through the AlphaFold Protein Structure Database[37] which currently estimates over 214 million proteins. However, such improvements still leave some aspects like predicting the protein-protein interactions extensively and comprehensively, time dependent structural changes, and sticking to simplified structural forms in portions such as multiple domains and disordered regions to remain as problems.

munger1~ is a new and enhanced version of a powerful Max/MSP real-time granular synthesis external found in the PeRColate library. Apart from added features and optimizations, including ability to generate theoretically unlimited number of grains per second using real-time input, munger1~ also offers GPL-licensed platformtransparent code using the flext library. Thus, munger1~ is compatible with both Max/MSP and Pure-Data without any alterations to the source. Due to object's complexity, as well as a significantly less common porting path from the Max/MSP/C to a platformagnostic C++/flext, this project has resulted in a number of improvements in flext build scripts and supporting documentation. It has also generated an invaluable list of caveats which are presented in this paper in hope to foster more platform-agnostic object design and porting efforts. Since its release, munger1~ has been featured in two interactive multimedia creations whose technical and artistic impact is also addressed in this paper.

In this paper, the traditional model of mentoring is briefly explained. A description of the current technique, which has developed from the traditional model, is then presented and a distinction made between mentoring and coaching, followed by a brief explanation of how mentoring, coaching and counselling make up a triad of helping activities. The authors then provide information on the use and impact of mentoring and coaching in some areas of human activity, other than dentistry, before outlining the application potential of these approaches in general dental practice. The paper concludes that the modern approach to mentoring and counselling offers a person-centred approach that is much more likely than traditional approaches to produce personal change, personal growth and personal development. Further aspects of this important and exciting subject will be explored in subsequent papers in this series.

In this paper, the traditional model of mentoring is briefly explained. A description of the current technique, which has developed from the traditional model, is then presented and a distinction made between mentoring and coaching, followed by a brief explanation of how mentoring, coaching and counselling make up a triad of helping activities. The authors then provide information on the use and impact of mentoring and coaching in some areas of human activity, other than dentistry, before outlining the application potential of these approaches in general dental practice. The paper concludes that the modern approach to mentoring and counselling offers a person-centred approach that is much more likely than traditional approaches to produce personal change, personal growth and personal development. Further aspects of this important and exciting subject will be explored in subsequent papers in this series.

Masses-interactions modeling, also called physics Newtonian networks modeling, was pioneered in the late 70's with the CORDIS-ANIMA formalism. It is a modular physics-based approach, used in sound design, musical instruments design and musical composition, and also in computer graphics animation, virtual reality, gesture interaction, and more generally for digital creativity. Within the research that progressively position physicsbased modeling as a core mean to improve creativity with the computer, the paper introduces the Physics Network Scripting Language. PNSL is aimed at accompanying the modeling processes of any user, including artists, with masses-interactions modeling. It serves in particular, but not only, sound and musical purposes. The paper describes the PNSL language: context, goals and general choices; labeling system tailored to support modeling complexity by managing freely large module sets; main features and syntax choices; and implementation and exemplary usage contexts.

Virtual reality (VR) has re-emerged as a low-cost, highly accessible consumer product, and training on simulators is rapidly becoming standard in many industrial sectors. However, the available systems are either focusing on gaming context, featuring limited capabilities or they support only content creation of virtual environments without any rapid prototyping and modification. In this project, we propose a code-free, visual scripting platform to replicate gamified training scenarios through rapid prototyping and VR software design patterns. We implemented and compared two

Indonesia has entered the fourth industrial revolution with significant advances in computer technology and education systems. The National Education System has the objective to create superior human resources through the use of advanced technological devices. This research aims to: 1) develop effective animated video media at the elementary school level; 2) find out the feasibility of the animated video media product being developed; and 3) determine students' responses to the animated video learning media developed. This research utilized the R&D methodology and Dick and Carey research model. Research indicates that integrating TPACK into instructional videos can improve the relationship between content, technology, and teaching methods. The animated movies display the latest AI animation technology and real acting instructors, allowing students to get to know the instructors better.

This paper introduces our neural machine translation systems’ participation in the WAT 2020 (team ID: goku20). We participated in the (i) Patent, (ii) Business Scene Dialogue (BSD) document-level translation, (iii) Mixed-domain tasks. Regardless of simplicity, standard Transformer models have been proven to be very effective in many machine translation systems. Recently, some advanced pre-training generative models have been proposed on the basis of encoder-decoder framework. Our main focus of this work is to explore how robust Transformer models perform in translation from sentence-level to document-level, from resource-rich to low-resource languages. Additionally, we also investigated the improvement that fine-tuning on the top of pre-trained transformer-based models can achieve on various tasks.