Rural Marketing

This article discusses the realm of finfluencers in the field of spreading financial awareness and financial education as well as using their vast fan following for dissemination of misleading financial information to make unlawful gains. The aim of this article is to demystify the methods adapted by finfluencers to manipulate their followers, to study and analyse the evolving responses and actions taken by regulatory bodies in India and to make important recommendations for the regulatory bodies, finfluencers, social media platforms and the investors to ensure sustained capital formation.

Electric vehicles (EVs) hold immense significance in India due to their potential to address several pressing issues related to the country's transportation sector. India is one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels, which contributes to air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and high energy dependence on imports. The adoption of electric vehicles in India is seen as a crucial step toward achieving a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. This study aims to explore the perceptions and attitudes of consumers from rural Gujarat regarding the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). With the growing emphasis on sustainability and the transition to clean energy, understanding the barriers to EV adoption is crucial, particularly in rural areas where infrastructure and awareness may be limited. The objectives of the study are twofold: (1) to analyse the perception of consumers towards electric vehicles, and (2) to examine the relationship between demographic profiles of consumers and their perceptions. A sample of 243 consumers from rural Gujarat was surveyed to gain insights into their attitudes towards EVs. The study utilizes both descriptive and inferential statistical methods to evaluate the data. Findings suggest that while there is general interest in EVs due to environmental benefits, significant roadblocks such as inadequate charging infrastructure, high initial costs, and lack of awareness exist. The study highlights the need for targeted policies and infrastructure improvements to encourage EV adoption in rural areas.

Inthis present study, the emphasis is on the type of ownership and how itaffects corporate governance and performance of the corporate.In this scenario, how the controller would bring the independent governance policy in their decision making is the ironic point of the study. For this empirical study, the researchers have taken sample of three listed top market capitalised (market cap) companies which are having the direct and strong impact on stock market and investor's faith. For this study, Infosys, Reliance and ITC companies have been selected from Group A, listed on BSE. The reason for selecting these companies is that the top market capitalisation companies are expected to follow professional and sound principles of not only Indian corporate governance but also of international corporate governance guidelines. This empirical study will include the rational aspects or factorssuch as type of Board, size of Board and its independence affecting the corporate governance. Present study will move around the hypothesis that there is no relation/ impact of ownership on governance and performance of the company.

Marketing in agrestic areas of India has various problems in service distribution mechanism. The low population density as well as unattainability of servicing villages make it strenuous for individual residents which often suits uneconomical. Direct delivery of goods costs twice that of urban marketplaces even to the leading one percent of the villages. This study comprises the various characteristics and obstacles faced by the service distribution channels of FMCG products in agrestic regions in various emerging markets. The paper concludes that the primary reason for poor service delivery and high cost, inefficient channel management and optimum distribution negatively affect the cost of the product as well as service of the company.

Rural women are pioneers of rural development. They play a guiding role in the way of achieving transformational
economic, environmental & social changes required for sustainable rural development. We can achieve an overall
optimum economic productivity by worldwide presence of rural women as agricultural work force. Rural women
could be precious assets in the sector of food processing and may serve country's economic growth in large scale.
We know that maximum rural women are poor or are not economically sound. So poverty eradication of rural
women is really a challenging task.
Engaging the rural women to the prosperous food processing sectors may give them a new dawn through irradiating
their poverty in ease.

This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian federal system by focusing on experience from the Southern Regional State. The FDRE constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-determination and ethnic identity thereby recognizing this right to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to selfdetermination. The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature. The finding of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those ethnic groups who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This, in turn, has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State. The study recommended that the Southern Regional State should be restructured to accommodate continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance.

Understanding consumer behaviour is fundamental to modern marketing, making it essential for effective
marketing management. While consumers may articulate their needs and desires, their actual behaviour often
diverges, reflecting deeper motivations they might not even recognize. India's consumer market is currently
flourishing, fuelled by the nation's robust economic growth. This expansion is largely driven by a youthful
population with increasing disposable incomes and easy access to financing options, leading to remarkable
market outcomes. The challenges posed by consumer behaviour are becoming more pronounced, especially in
the context of durable goods. In recent years, the popularity of durable goods in India has surged, with the
introduction of various products bringing about significant changes in consumer tastes and preferences.
Keywords: Consumer behaviour, Consumer Durables, Consumption decision

S OF PAPERS ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION two methods of image extension so that image size may be preserved under various image processing operations, An algorithm is provided for each method and the results obtained are compared in terms of their statistical properties and aesthetic value. A utomatic Fixing of Ship Position by Simulation-an&Matching.

The role of women in rural marketing is increasingly recognized as vital for fostering economic development and social empowerment in rural communities. This study investigates the empowerment pathways, economic contributions, challenges, and future directions of women in rural marketing, aiming to provide insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders seeking to promote gender equality and inclusive development. Rural marketing encompasses the promotion and distribution of goods and services in rural areas, where women play diverse roles across the value chain. Despite their significant contributions, women in rural marketing face various challenges and barriers that hinder their full participation and empowerment. Addressing these challenges requires holistic interventions that promote gender equality, enhance access to resources, and empower women to participate fully in economic activities. Women's participation in rural marketing serves as a catalyst for empowerment across multiple dimensions. Economically, women's engagement in market-related activities provides them with opportunities for financial independence, income generation, and asset accumulation. Socially, women's involvement in market cooperatives and entrepreneurial ventures enhances their social capital, decision-making autonomy, and leadership skills. Politically, participation in marketbased organizations empowers women to advocate for their rights and interests at the local and regional levels, contributing to more inclusive governance systems. The study quantifies the significant economic contributions of women in rural marketing through income generation assessments and value chain analysis. Women-led enterprises, such as agro-processing units and handicrafts cooperatives, generate substantial income streams and employment opportunities. Moreover, women's involvement in adding value to agricultural products enhances market linkages and profitability, thereby contributing to poverty alleviation and sustainable livelihoods. Despite their contributions, women in rural marketing face challenges such as limited access to resources, social norms, and infrastructure deficiencies. Addressing these challenges requires policy interventions that promote gender equality, enhance access to resources, and strengthen market infrastructure. Future research and initiatives should focus on enhancing women's access to resources, promoting gender-responsive policies, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders to harness the full potential of women in rural marketing. The study highlights the transformative potential of women in rural marketing for fostering economic development and social empowerment. By recognizing and addressing the challenges women face, policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders can promote gender equality and inclusive development, thereby contributing to sustainable rural livelihoods and resilient communities.

Kegiatan ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan pengetahuan, pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada masyarakat Desa Bumirejo, Kecamatan Kepohbaru, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Provinsi Jawa Timur dalam mengolah sampah menjadi komoditas yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan nilai guna. Adapun tahapan-tahapan dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini meliputi: sosialisasi awal, pelatihan teknis, pelaksanaan sistem bank sampah, pemantauan dan evaluasi. Output dari bank sampah syariah berupa komoditas yang bernilai ekonomis dan berdaya guna. Nilai ekonomis yang diperoleh masyarakat dari bank sampah yaitu tabungan uang yang berasal dari sampah non organik yang disetor ke bank sampah. Nilai guna berasal dari sampah organik yang diproses menjadi pupuk kompos. Mekanisme bank sampah syariah meliputi: tahap pertama pemilahan sampah rumah tangga, tahap ke dua penyetoran sampah ke bank, tahap ke-3 yaitu penimbangan, selanjutnya tahap pencatatan dan tahap terakhir adalah pengangkutan. Adapun yang membedakan bank sam...

This study aims to analyze social media trends and digital marketing insights among university students, focusing on their perception regarding digital media communication and the factors influencing decisionmaking in academics. A survey-based research approach was adopted, collecting data from a sample of 200 university students through a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire explored students' social media usage patterns, preferred platforms, and engagement with digital marketing content, campaigns, and advertisements. Both closed-ended and open-ended questions were used to gather quantitative and qualitative data. Findings reveal that social media plays a crucial role in shaping students' decision-making processes, with platforms like Instagram and LinkedIn being highly influential. Relevant and authentic content, as well as convenience, emerged as significant factors driving engagement with digital marketing campaigns. The study provides valuable insights for marketers and educational institutions seeking to optimize their outreach efforts to university students through social media. Leveraging these trends and insights can enhance digital marketing strategies, enabling better connections with this important demographic and fostering stronger engagement in academic decision-making.

The current study seeks to evaluate the impact and future contributions of women entrepreneurs in the rural areas, focusing on their involvement in agriculture, rural marketing, microfinance, and Self Help Groups (SHGs). Women's contributions in the agriculture field and microfinance are prominent. This study investigates how different factors affect women's access to different resources, opportunities in the market, income generation, and overall improvement of livelihood. In the Birbhum district of West Bengal, women's participation in agriculture and rural entrepreneurship is gaining prominent attention for its significance in driving economic growth, alleviating poverty, and promoting gender equality. The primary aim of the review is to advance gender equality, empower women, and support sustainable development in rural West Bengal, with a focus on Birbhum district. This study assesses the extent of women's involvement, the challenges they face, and the opportunities available to enhance their roles in these sectors. By connecting women micro-entrepreneurs' aspirations with practical business outcomes, the study explores the intricate relationships between women, business, SHGs (Self Help Groups), microfinance, and agriculture. Through an examination of different case studies, policy frameworks, and empirical data, this study sheds light on current trends as well as patterns among female rural and agricultural entrepreneurs, highlighting the unique challenges they encounter. The research focuses on rural self-employed women in Birbhum district and investigates the role of microfinance within SHGs in fostering entrepreneurship. Data for this study was compiled from various secondary sources, revealing several challenges in creating entrepreneurship through microfinance. Notably, high-interest rates in some groups were identified as a significant issue, prompting a recommendation for government intervention to address this problem. SHGs are crucial microfinance organizations that facilitate financial inclusion in rural communities. This study further examines how rural women's empowerment through entrepreneurship aligns with social and economic dimensions, contributing to a broader understanding of their role in sustainable development.

The Indian consumers are noted for the high degree of value orientation. Such orientation to value has labeled Indians as one of the most discerning consumers in the world. Even, luxury brands have to design a unique pricing strategy in order to get a foothold in the Indian market. For a firm to survive, compete and grow, it is essential that the marketer identifies these needs and wants, and provides product offerings more effectively and efficiently than other competitors. A comprehensive yet meticulous knowledge of consumers and their consumption behavior is essential for a firm to succeed. In this paper, authors collect the data through primary source from respondents and attempts to highlight the impact on durable product with respect to stages of consumer behaviour: perceiving a need, seeking value, assessing value, purchase decision and value in consumption or use. In this paper, authors also find out the satisfaction level of indigenous customer. To check the reliability, chi-square test was applied and various suggestions have been recommended. The marketing strategies can be designed in accordance with the result.

This paper tried to explore the current conditions of the physical infrastructure, including water, sanitation, waste management, drainage systems, environmental conditions, etc., of the Katihar bazaar. The study used a mixed-methods approach, while a semi-structural survey questionnaire and guidelines were used. A total of one hundred and twenty-eight respondents were surveyed, while six key KII and two FGD sessions were conducted. However, the study found that the Katihar market, one of northern Bangladesh's oldest weekly markets, faces challenges such as poor drainage, narrow drains, and inadequate facilities for shopkeepers and customers. The market has a diverse population of middle-aged adults aged 47-80, with a small proportion of women. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the market was forced to open until midnight (12 p.m.), with 94% of shoppers wearing masks. Moreover, the market has one functional public toilet, no specialized facilities for women, transgender people, and PWDs, and insufficient water and hand washing facilities.

While dealing with change, most organizations rely on change management philosophies as well as change management models. To initiate a change, organizations make
assumptions, trust their beliefs, and implement various theoretical approaches. These
various elements are called the ‘philosophy
of organizational change,’ like a tool kit for
an organization. This paper attempts to describe these changes using a few wellknown management philosophies. Since
change is not an abrupt one-time event, it is
more appropriate to consider it as a continuous event. The study has adopted change
philosophies viz.; Rational, Resource, Institutional, and Psychological, and considered
change management models viz. ; Kurt
Lewin’s Three-stage Model, Force Field
Analysis, and Kotter’s 8-step Model.

Kegiatan bakti sosial merupakan perwujudan dari kepedulian terhadap sesama manusia. Banyak cara yang dilakukan dalam membantu sesama baik secara pribadi maupun organisasi. Partisipasi aktif dalam membantu sesama melalui proses bakti sosial dengan terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk merasakan langsung suka cita mereka menerima bingkisan.Berbagi melalui kegiatan bakti sosial dengan Pemberian Nasi Bungkus kepada pekerja penyapu jalan di Wilayah Kelapa Dua Kabupaten Tangerang bertujuan untuk berbagi kepada penyapu jalan yang telah berjasa merawat dan menjaga kebersihan lingkungan. Kegiatan pembagian nasi bungkus ini bagian dari Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang dilakukan Dosen Universitas Utpadaka Swastika dengan kegiatan rutin olah raga jalan sehat yang dilaksanakan pada hari Sabtu. Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Bakti sosial dalam bentuk pembagian nasi bungkus berjumlah 100 paket nasi bungkus selain untuk membantu mengurangi kesulitan beban ekonomi bagi masyarakat marjinal sebagai penyapu jalan untuk menguatkan mental dan fisik mereka.

Service failures seem to be inevitable given the heterogeneous nature of services. In many cases, it is the service recovery efforts performed by service providers after a service failure that affect customer satisfaction. A model is proposed that considers the impact of service failures and service recovery efforts on customer satisfaction within restaurants. The findings indicate that while the severity of the service failure does not impact the preference for recovery efforts, recovery efforts do impact customer satisfaction. In addition, an analysis of various demographic factors suggests that gender plays a role in these variables.

The role of women in rural marketing is increasingly recognized as vital for fostering economic development and social empowerment in rural communities. This study investigates the empowerment pathways, economic contributions, challenges, and future directions of women in rural marketing, aiming to provide insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders seeking to promote gender equality and inclusive development. Rural marketing encompasses the promotion and distribution of goods and services in rural areas, where women play diverse roles across the value chain. Despite their significant contributions, women in rural marketing face various challenges and barriers that hinder their full participation and empowerment. Addressing these challenges requires holistic interventions that promote gender equality, enhance access to resources, and empower women to participate fully in economic activities. Women's participation in rural marketing serves as a catalyst for empowerment across multiple dimensions. Economically, women's engagement in market-related activities provides them with opportunities for financial independence, income generation, and asset accumulation. Socially, women's involvement in market cooperatives and entrepreneurial ventures enhances their social capital, decision-making autonomy, and leadership skills. Politically, participation in marketbased organizations empowers women to advocate for their rights and interests at the local and regional levels, contributing to more inclusive governance systems. The study quantifies the significant economic contributions of women in rural marketing through income generation assessments and value chain analysis. Women-led enterprises, such as agro-processing units and handicrafts cooperatives, generate substantial income streams and employment opportunities. Moreover, women's involvement in adding value to agricultural products enhances market linkages and profitability, thereby contributing to poverty alleviation and sustainable livelihoods. Despite their contributions, women in rural marketing face challenges such as limited access to resources, social norms, and infrastructure deficiencies. Addressing these challenges requires policy interventions that promote gender equality, enhance access to resources, and strengthen market infrastructure. Future research and initiatives should focus on enhancing women's access to resources, promoting gender-responsive policies, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders to harness the full potential of women in rural marketing. The study highlights the transformative potential of women in rural marketing for fostering economic development and social empowerment. By recognizing and addressing the challenges women face, policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders can promote gender equality and inclusive development, thereby contributing to sustainable rural livelihoods and resilient communities.

Where the concepts of free markets and capitalism have been lauded to bring freedom and choice, they have been held responsible for bringing much worldwide social and economic disparity. Critics have blamed them for widespread crime, corruption and poverty. Wary of such consequences, entrepreneurs have come with an innovative solution: running businesses on a no-loss basis, combined with a social and moral cause. This paper looks at the core concepts that lie at the heart of capitalism and free markets, and redefines the enterprise as an entity that not only operates to maximise profits, but also works towards a righteous cause. The paper discusses the basic features of a social business enterprise (SBE) and provides an illustration of the theoretical framework; the second part of the paper presents the case of Grameen-Danone Foods Limited (GDFL), a social business enterprise. It carries a detailed analysis of its rationale, incorporation, product, operations, and the challenges it currently faces. The paper concludes with a note on the benefits which such a social enterprise brings, and surmises future prospects.

The Excellent performance in infrastructure development, education and health care, public distribution of foods and commodities, and exports over the recent past in India has drawn the global attraction. The changing economic scenario of the country has created great potentialities for rural market in India and offer bright prospectus and attractions for multiple companies. More than three-fourth of country’s consumer resides in rural areas and more than half of the national income is generated by them. All the major industries in India are tilting towards rural India because of opportunities and has been impressive growth in the recent years. This paper “Growth Drivers in Transformation of Rural Market” is outcome of consideration associated with various growth dimensions.

The main purpose of this paper is to address the impact of social media on the performance of businesses, specifically on businesses in Kosovo. While technology is advancing more and more, social media has become routine for every business, especially for businesses that use these social media to improve their performance in various ways such as: achieving business objectives, increasing sales, and building their brand image through social media (Ile et al., 2018). The research method used in this scientific paper is based on the international scientific literature and the practical experience of the authors with a focus on improving decisionmaking in order to increase sales to various businesses. We focused on the collection and processing of primary data by formulating two questionnaires, one for consumers and one for businesses regarding the impact of networks social in making decisions for purchasing products and increasing the quality of decisions from businesses to increase sales to businesses. From the results of this study, we were able to conclude that social media in general has a positive impact on improving the performance of businesses, especially Kosovar businesses. Also, the results show that a significant part of Kosovar businesses can adapt to the trends that technology is bringing and we can say that the future will send even more to the use of different platforms that enable online sales.

In today's digital era, social media platforms have profoundly impacted consumer behaviour, revolutionizing how individuals discover, evaluate, and purchase products and services. This paper delves into the intricate relationship between social media and consumer choices using the Antecedents, Decision, and Outcomes (ADO) model. Antecedents encompass personal characteristics, situational factors, and marketing stimuli that shape consumer predispositions. Decision-making involves problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decisions, and post-purchase evaluation. Outcomes encompass cognitive, affective, and behavioural changes resulting from the decision-making process. Through an extensive review, this paper identifies various antecedents, decisions, and outcomes pertinent to social media's influence on consumer behaviour. Moreover, it highlights future research directions, including the exploration of emerging platforms, cross-cultural studies, longitudinal analyses, ethical considerations, and the integration of advanced technologies. By understanding these dynamics, businesses can develop effective strategies to leverage social media's power and drive desirable consumer outcomes.

After the covid 19 pandemic they were a tremendous growth in digital Banking and online Banking system around the world .study was made to build awareness and trust among the digital Banking system in these regions with the consumer adaptation in the digital Banking System. This transformation in transactions with empowers the country economies many recent days many changes took place in the payment system like digital banking system, , Internet Banking, E-cash, Mobile Banking .The objectives of this research paper is to study the positive impact that digitalization of Banking system. The present paper focus on anlaysis of the adaptation level of these digital Banking system by customers. The primary data was collected from 384 respondents in Hyderabad region. The data is collected through the structured questionnaire were analyzed by using statistically by using chi square techniques.

After the covid 19 pandemic they were a tremendous growth in digital Banking and online Banking system around the world .study was made to build awareness and trust among the digital Banking system in these regions with the consumer adaptation in the digital Banking System. This transformation in transactions with empowers the country economies many recent days many changes took place in the payment system like digital banking system, , Internet Banking, E-cash, Mobile Banking .The objectives of this research paper is to study the positive impact that digitalization of Banking system. The present paper focus on anlaysis of the adaptation level of these digital Banking system by customers. The primary data was collected from 384 respondents in Hyderabad region. The data is collected through the structured questionnaire were analyzed by using statistically by using chi square techniques.

Emotional branding is the process of creating an association between a consumer and a product or brand by stimulating their emotions. Marketers achieve this by creating content that appeals to the consumer’s emotional state, ego, needs, and aspirations. In the field of marketing literature, emotional branding has attracted very few contributions on definitions, factors, and conceptual frameworks which are difficult to understand. The purpose of this paper is to explore and enhance constructs of emotional branding by explaining its definition, its applications and how it differentiates from other relevant concepts. A review on emotional branding has been conducted and the articles published between 2006 to 2022 were chosen for the systematic analysis. Based on the analysis, research gaps in the existing literature and constructs were found and this paper proposed a unique conceptual framework on emotional branding.

ABSTRAK Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik Terintegrasi merupakan orientasi program terfokus pada bidang tertentu sesuai dengan permasalahan kemasyarakatan dan arah kebijakan pembangunan yang diselenggarakan pemerintah pada wilayah tertentu (Kabupaten/Kota). KKN memiliki tujuan untuk mencapai ekselerasi dan efektivitas program pembangunan yang ditandai dengan semakin baiknya kualitas kehidupan masyarakat, partisipasi dan eksistensi masyarakat dalam program-program pembangunan. KKN dibagi menjadi beberapa tahap, yaitu survey, observasi ke desa sasaran, workshop, pendekatan sasaran program, realisasi program, monitoring, evaluasi kegiatan, dan lokakarya hasil KKN. Pelaksanaan KKN dimulai dari tanggal 6 Agustus 2019 sampai dengan 5 September 2019 di Desa Bangunjaya Kecamatan Cigudeg Kabupaten Bogor. Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata kelompok 67-68 di Desa Bangunjaya merupakan program yang lebih menekankan kepada kualitas sumber daya. Kegiatan fisik kelompok 67-68 yaitu pemberian serta pemasangan papan nomor rumah dan pembuatan pos ronda. Dan kegiatan non fisik kelompok 67-68 antara lain penyuluhan kesehatan (PHBS), Sabtu Minggu bersih, senam sehat, kegiatan Bimbingan Belajar (BIMBEL), Mengajar di PAUD, merenovasi ruang kelas PAUD, kegiatan menabung sejak dini, Pengajian di Lokasi KKN, pengembangan UKM, pelaksanaan kegiatan TPA, lomba 17 agustus, dan acara perpisahan KKN.

Retail sector expanding with fastest rate in India. Total retail sector is growing at a much faster rate of 45-50% per annum. From which, organized retail reported 16% for the year 2011-12. At the same time traditional retail formats have predominately covered the market. Now, the retail formats are operating with more sophistication in order to provide a new and distinct experience. The Modern retail stores are providing now a new shopping experience to customers and constantly providing a wide range of choice. In order to know how the modern formats appeals to consumers on different dimensions or parameters various studies were carried out. In the literature the relationship between store attributes and preference for retail format is also examined. This study focuses on, why consumers prefer a modern retail store in comparison with a traditional retail store.

Customer satisfaction is widely recognized as a key pressure in the formation of consumers' future purchase intentions. Satisfied customers are also likely to tell others of their favorable experiences and thus engage in positive word of mouth advertising. The present study aimed to study the demographic nature of the respondents in of Tamil Nadu state in India and to assess the factors of customer's satisfaction and their relationship with the selected demographic nature of the respondents. The data was collected by using questionnaire (Google form).The sample method used for the study was purposive sampling-250 samples have been chosen using convenient sampling method. Customer satisfaction is a significant subject for most marketers. The result of this analysis suggested the degree of customer satisfaction in terms of services provided by organized retail outlets.. It is concluded that the significant difference in the mean of satisfaction is found only for the employee consciousness according to the gender of the respondents.

The Excellent performance in infrastructure development, education and health care, public distribution of foods and commodities, and exports over the recent past in India has drawn the global attraction. The changing economic scenario of the country has created great potentialities for rural market in India and offer bright prospectus and attractions for multiple companies. More than three-fourth of country's consumer resides in rural areas and more than half of the national income is generated by them. All the major industries in India are tilting towards rural India because of opportunities and has been impressive growth in the recent years. This paper "Growth Drivers in Transformation of Rural Market" is outcome of consideration associated with various growth dimensions.

The aim of this research is to study the current scenario of
Rural Marketing in India, the sustainable and innovative rural
marketing strategies with its various opportunities and
challenges, with reference to the state of Manipur. The rural
market consists of more than 83.3 crore people and this is
what attracts marketers to enter in this market. To market in
the territory of rural marketing corporations must understand
the rural consumer. Many innovations in the strategy to
market into the rural markets have been undertaken in the past
years. This paper aims to understand these innovations and
strategies and to understand the rural consumer of Manipur.
The lifestyles of rural consumers have undergone wonderful
changes due to growing incomes, increasing literacy rate,
exposure, TV, mobile phones and interaction with the urban
counterpart. Liberalization of trade, on one side, opened up
new vistas to the marketers and on the other side, posed stiff
competition. As due to the competition in the urban market,
the market is more or so saturated as most of the capacity of
the purchasers has been targeted by the marketers. So the
marketers are looking for extending their product categories to
an unexplored market i.e. the rural market. They entered rural
markets with the proper understanding with the help of smart
selling techniques.

Differences in socio-economic conditions, demographics, and infrastructural variances in the rural markets create substantial variances in the consumption patterns compared with the urban markets. As per a report of the World Bank, about 63 percent of the population resides in Bangladesh’s rural areas as it constitutes a bigger market for the consumption of different products. The researchers envision identifying the impact of packaging and labeling elements in the decision-making evaluation for different skincare products. The research exploration comprises of four objectives, i.e., perception and attitude towards packaging and labeling elements for the rural consumers, measuring the relative impact based on the demographical changes, determining the sensitivity towards branding elements and communication portrayed, and the ability in identifying the original skincare products in comparison with the copy products in the rural markets. The researchers conducted surveys in the Mymens...

S OF PAPERS ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION two methods of image extension so that image size may be preserved under various image processing operations, An algorithm is provided for each method and the results obtained are compared in terms of their statistical properties and aesthetic value. A utomatic Fixing of Ship Position by Simulation-an&Matching.

O trânsito de animais em feiras públicas torna-se de grande importância na disseminação de patógenos, portanto, o conhecimento das redes de fluxo de animais pode proporcionar um direcionamento nas ações de prevenção e controle de um surto. No estado de Pernambuco realizam- se semanalmente feiras de animais, as quais representam um grande risco, já que proporcionam uma grande concentração e movimentação de animais. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho traçar o perfil da movimentação de animais na feira de Cachoeirinha, Pernambuco, realizando levantamento das Guias de Trânsito Animal (GTA’s) emitidas para ingresso e egresso de animais susceptíveis à febre aftosa, durante os anos de 2011, 2012 e 2013. A análise foi realizada com as informações das GTAs armazenadas no banco de dados SIAPEC (Sistema de Integração Agropecuária). Os parâmetros analisados foram: data de emissão do GTA; tipo de transporte; finalidade; espécie; local de origem; local de destino; idade e sexo (sendo os ...

Reaching out to business customers requires a much different approach than reaching out to the average consumer; the sales cycle is much longer and more involved.The challenges that B2B business owners face are very different from the ones faced by the ones dealing directly with the consumers.Considering the fact that unlike B2C companies where a large number of consumers need to keep coming in for the business to prosper, in B2B just a few customers are enough to do the job. The better
the approach is at the venture and the marketing strategy of it the better its going to perform. The consistency of efforts with a deep analysis of requirements and expectations will help B2B company land those potential customers who'll be instrumental in giving the right push to their business. It goes without saying, then that digital marketing in the B2B space is also different than B2C digital marketing. Even though the tools are all the same, but how it is being used is a much different deal. Day by day growing Digital Market in India is an evident that the Digitization is taking place with a high speed. This paper is an attempt to study the growth trend of digital marketing in Indiaand its impact on B2B organisation.

Keywords-Traditional Marketing, Digital Marketing, Business-to-Business, Social Media, Challenges, Growth.

Blockchain is a digital, decentralized technology which has a huge contribution in taking digital marketing to a greater height, keeping a record of all transaction taking place in peer-to-peer networks. It can be compared to a shared ledger or an open record system. Each transaction is segmented by blocks, hence the name Blockchain. Nowadays digital marketing is growing rapidly. But another technology that is advancing rapidly is blockchain, which is set to change the world of digital marketing
in a new way. As the blockchain doesn't have a centralized point, it doesn't have a single point of vulnerability, and hence is less at risk. Now it is also growing in the digital marketing industry, adding a new revolution to the association between consumers and businesses. Blockchain can affect digital marketing in many ways and one of the predicted changes is in the sharing of consumer's data. One of the most serious issues in online activities is privacy. Transparency will lead to more accountability.
Blockchain will force businesses to become more transparent about their operations. That's because every step and record can be verified and documented for everyone to see on these open-source networks. Blockchain helps in authentication, in turn, it can prevent criminals and bots from stealing precious information. Blockchain technology is making Bitcoin or another cryptocurrency as a possible method of opportunity for payment types. The biggest aspect of blockchain technology is that it
allows for decentralized communication between different parties, and everything is documented and verified. This paper is an
attempt to study how Blockchain brings a change in Digital Marketing.

Keywords: Blockchain, Transparency, Data Privacy, Cyber Security, Intermediaries, Ad fraud, Authenticity, Basic Attention Token
(BAT), Bitcoin, and Cryptocurrency.

Sustainable development is a move that takes into consideration environmental impacts along with economic development. The objective of developing sustainably is to improve the lives of humankind and to extenuate the harmful effects of change in climate. World over people are paying an enormous price for climate change. UNICEF estimates that one billion children-almost half of all kind on Earth-are at 'extremely high risk' to climate impacts. Green marketing is the shift of marketing strategies onto an eco-friendly format. Manufacturers all over the world have started making difference in initiating and developing eco-friendly products and services. Consequently, manufacturing organisations have started to transform themselves in an attempt to address these concerns of the social order. Solar energy and Solar products have helped a huge number of people in the villages of our country by addressing their day-today cooking and lighting needs. Solar Mission of India is a key programme of our Central Government and cooperation from States to encourage environmentally sustainable expansion in addition to meeting challenges of climate. This research is focussed to trace out customer's desired level of expectation with regard to Solar Product and Solar Energy and comprehend how green marketing initiatives will be effective.

The Metaverse is characterized as an immersive World Wide Web environment, where users gain the ability to access augmented and virtual reality and seamlessly interact across various environments through persistent avatars and innovative digital technologies. From the inception of the Internet in the 1990s to the rise of Web 2.0 and the evolution into the Metaverse, one of the most intriguing intellectual shifts witnessed is the fusion of influencer marketing and digital experience. The global pandemic prompted brands to connect with audiences worldwide in groundbreaking and compelling ways that resonate with the masses without revealing their exclusive authenticity. Consequently, businesses turned to expertise, venturing into the Metaverse to bring their brands to life while adopting a distinctive form of creative expression along the way. In a digital landscape that merges virtual content, objectives, and individuals with infinite perspectives, the Metaverse presents boundless
potential. Combining various technological elements like virtual reality, augmented reality, and video, the Metaverse offers users an experience of inhabiting a parallel digital realm. Often described as an authentic-seeming virtual environment, it provides users with opportunities to work, play, and engage with their social networks through experiences mirroring real life, such as concerts, conferences, meetings, virtual tours, and collaborative sessions.
The aim of this research is to explore the applications of the Metaverse in marketing. Given the rapid technological evolution, it’s crucial for marketers to remain at the forefront of these changes and adapt accordingly. Organizations worldwide engaged in Social Media Marketing are extensively investing in the Metaverse platform to grasp how
it can revolutionize the marketing landscape.

Keywords: Metaverse, Augmented/virtual Reality, Influencer marketing, Video marketing, Social network, Chat.

Customer satisfaction is widely recognized as a key pressure in the formation of consumers' future purchase intentions. Satisfied customers are also likely to tell others of their favorable experiences and thus engage in positive word of mouth advertising. The present study aimed to study the demographic nature of the respondents in of Tamil Nadu state in India and to assess the factors of customer's satisfaction and their relationship with the selected demographic nature of the respondents. The data was collected by using questionnaire (Google form).The sample method used for the study was purposive sampling-250 samples have been chosen using convenient sampling method. Customer satisfaction is a significant subject for most marketers. The result of this analysis suggested the degree of customer satisfaction in terms of services provided by organized retail outlets.. It is concluded that the significant difference in the mean of satisfaction is found only for the employee consciousness according to the gender of the respondents.

This paper examines the effect of the poor road transportation network on crop production in one of the rural agrarian local government of Kwara State, Nigeria. A well-structured interview schedule was conducted to elicit information from 120 crop farmers using a two-stage sampling technique. Findings from the study revealed that the poor road transportation network in their area had led to a reduction in their income, longer time in transporting produce to more buoyant markets, as well as incurring high transportation costs. Chi-square analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between age, educational level, years of farming experience, and the respondents’ perceived effects of poor road transportation network for their crop production. The study recommends an urgent intervention from government and stakeholders in terms of construction and rehabilitation of roads in these rural agrarian areas in an attempt to help improve the livelihoods of the farmers through en...

Chest Journal, which began to be scanned in the Web of Science in 1980, is one of the leading journals in the field of Critical Care Medicine and Respiratory System (quartile 1). In this study, the research trends of the publications in the Chest Journal were examined using three different bibliometric analysis programs (Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace) in the period between 1980-2019. Along with the main statistics, keyword co-occurrence network map, density document co-citation, time map, and burst (references) analysis were performed. According to the results of the analysis, the research trends of Chest Journal were subject to discussion. The countries with the most publications are America, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, and Japan. According to the Co-Occurrence network map analysis, Chest journal's publications consist of clusters of cellular structures, thoracic oncology, chest infection, pulmonary and cardiovascular, sleep and pulmonary function test, and obs...

This article focuses on the experience of HERi Madagascar, a social enterprise that develops energy access solutions for the most vulnerable rural populations, through the implementation of a network of solar energy kiosks throughout the country. The article discusses the lessons learned in the development of the business model in order to understand the challenges in upscaling the system.

This study uses regression analysis to determine the effect of demographic characteristics on information search behaviour of FMCG consumers so as to extract the most influential demographic element influencing the information search behaviour. Further correlation matrix is used to analyse the interdependence of demographic variables. Finally marketing implications are suggested.

Digital Branding in educational institutions is very crucial to do because it will improve reputation and form an institutional brand image. Regarding the use of digital technology in the Al-Muin Islamic Boarding School environment, currently, it can be said to be very low. This stated shows from the lack of social media owned by the Al-Muin Islamic boarding school. Meanwhile, with social media, the boarding school will be able to communicate and build public relations with the society. Having a relationship with the society will improve the good image of the Islamic boarding school and also as a medium of communication for the boarding school with the soociety. The implementation team of community service activities will assist in the use of social media as a means of digital branding at the Al Muin Syarif Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School. The teams activity are carried out in four stages, namely: initiation, preparation of facilities and infrastructure, execution and evaluatio...

Researchers have analyzed the variations in rural marketing concepts and offered definitions relating to these varying concepts. However, there seems to be a general disagreement regarding the aspects which should be included in rural marketing. This article studies the contents of various definitions of rural marketing using quantitative techniques in order to discern the probable conceptual expansion of rural marketing. Only definitions of the term ‘rural marketing’ (not just a mention of ‘rural marketing’) are considered for the present study. Dimension reduction technique and frequency tabulations are used for the content analysis. Apart from providing a definition of rural marketing using the results of the content analysis, the present study also found a strong relationship between developmental marketing and the need for rural marketers to stimulate demand through developmental activities such as appointing local inhabitants as distributors, wholesalers and retailers of their...