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Cerebellar afferent Raphe interpositus Biotinylated dextran amine Single axon reconstruction a b s t r a c t Integration of cortical Purkinje cell inputs and brain stem inputs is essential in generating cerebellar outputs to the cerebellar nuclei (CN). Currently, collaterals of climbing and mossy fiber axons, noradrenergic, serotoninergic and cholinergic axons, and collaterals of rubrospinal axons are known to innervate the CN from the brain stem. We investigated whether other afferents to the CN from the medulla exist in the rat. Retrograde labeling revealed the presence of neurons that project to the CN but not to the cerebellar cortex in the median reticular formation in the rostrodorsal medulla (tentatively named 'caudal raphe interpositus area', CRI). Anterograde tracer injection into the CRI labeled abundant axonal terminals in the CN, mainly in the ventral parvocellular part of the posterior interposed and lateral nucleus. Axonal reconstruction showed that a single CRI axon projected to the CN with 170-1086 varicosities, more broadly and densely than collaterals of a mossy or climbing fiber axon. CRI axons had no or a few collaterals that projected to the granular and Purkinje cell layers of the cerebellar cortex with some small terminals, indicating that these axons are different from mossy fiber axons. CRI axons also had http://dx.Abbreviations: 4V, forth ventricle; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytriptamine; V, trigeminal nucleus; VI, abducens nucleus; VII, facial nucleus; AIN, anterior interposed nucleus; BDA, biotinylated dextran amine; C, caudal; CN, cerebellar nuclei; CRI, caudal raphe interpositus area; D, dorsal; DAB, 3,3 0 -diaminobenzidine; DLH, dorsolateral hump of the anterior interposed nucleus; DLP, dorsolateral protuberance; DMC, dorsomedial crest of the anterior interposed nucleus; gVII, genu of the facial nerve; GL, granular layer; GRN, gigantocellular reticular nucleus; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; icp, inferior cerebellar peduncle; IO, inferior olive; IN, interposed nucleus; L, lateral; L.II-VI, lobules II-VI; LN, lateral nucleus; LN-parvo, ventral parvocellular subdivision of the lateral nucleus; Lt, left; LVN, lateral vestibular nucleus; M, medial; ML, molecular layer; MN, medial nucleus; MN-CM, caudomedial subdivision of the medial nucleus; MN-M, middle subdivision of the medial nucleus; mlf, medial longitudinal fasciculus; MVN, medial vestibular nucleus; nVII, tract of the facial nerve; NRTP, nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis; PC, Purkinje cell; PCG, pontine central gray; PCL, Purkinje cell layer; PHA-L, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin; PIN, posterior interposed nucleus; PIN-parvo, ventral parvocellular subdivision of the posterior interposed nucleus; PrH, prepositus hypoglossi (I. Sugihara).

Determining the epithelium's contribution to corneal biomechanics is important for the predictive numerical simulation of corneal biomechanical behaviour in which the cornea's five main layers are represented separately. Twenty-four corneal buttons were tested under posterior inflation conditions while monitoring their behaviour using non-contact methods. The corneas were divided into two groups of 12; one with and one without the epithelium. Control of specimen hydration, temperature and pressure application rate, and limiting the programme to specimens within a small age range resulted in a narrow scatter of test results. On average, intact specimens were able to carry slightly more pressure at the same deformation, and experienced less average stress for the same strain, compared with specimens without the epithelium. These results indicated that the stiffness of the epithelium was considerably lower than that of the stroma, and might therefore be ignored in numerical simulation studies.

The R package mice imputes incomplete multivariate data by chained equations. The software mice 1.0 appeared in the year 2000 as an S-PLUS library, and in 2001 as an R package. mice 1.0 introduced predictor selection, passive imputation and automatic pooling. This article documents mice 2.9, which extends the functionality of mice 1.0 in several ways. In mice 2.9, the analysis of imputed data is made completely general, whereas the range of models under which pooling works is substantially extended. mice 2.9 adds new functionality for imputing multilevel data, automatic predictor selection, data handling, post-processing imputed values, specialized pooling routines, model selection tools, and diagnostic graphs. Imputation of categorical data is improved in order to bypass problems caused by perfect prediction. Special attention is paid to transformations, sum scores, indices and interactions using passive imputation, and to the proper setup of the predictor matrix. mice 2.9 can be downloaded from the Comprehensive R Archive Network. This article provides a hands-on, stepwise approach to solve applied incomplete data problems.

Inter-county flows of commuters have long been used by the Bureau of the Census to identify MSAs and by the BEA to identify its Economic Areas. This paper looks at U.S. interregional flows of commuters, population, and goods in an effort to identify broader patterns of relationships among U.S. regions. A region’s primary flow up the central place hierarchy is found using tools commonly employed in Social Network Analysis. The results allow classification of regions in two ways: 1) as levels in a hierarchy; or 2) as a member of a group of regions all tied to the same member of the next-highest level of the hierarchy.

The nanomechanical properties of the coiled-coils of myosin are fundamentally important in understanding muscle assembly and contraction. Force spectra of single molecules of double-headed myosin, single-headed myosin, and coiled-coil tail fragments were acquired with an atomic force microscope and displayed characteristic triphasic force-distance responses to stretch: a rise phase (R) and a plateau phase (P) and an exponential phase (E). The R and P phases arise mainly from the stretching of the coiled-coils, with the hinge region being the main contributor to the rise phase at low force. Only the E phase was analyzable by the worm-like chain model of polymer elasticity. Restrained molecular mechanics simulations on an existing x-ray structure of scallop S2 yielded force spectra with either two or three phases, depending on the mode of stretch. It revealed that coiled-coil chains separate completely near the end of the P phase and the stretching of the unfolded chains gives rise to the E phase. Extensive conformational searching yielded a P phase force near 40 pN that agreed well with the experimental value. We suggest that the flexible and elastic S2 region, particularly the hinge region, may undergo force-induced unfolding and extend reversibly during actomyosin powerstroke.

We report the display of human ciliary neurotrophic factor (hCNTF), a survival factor for neuronal cells belonging to the ~-helical cytokine superfamily, on the surface of the filamentous bacteriophage fd. The hCNTF cDNA was fused to a DNA sequence encoding the C-terminal domain of pIII, a minor coat protein exposed at one end of fd. Gene fusions were cloned into a plasmid containing the ColE1 plasmid and fd origins of replication, and were packaged into phagemid particles upon superinfection with M13KO7 helper phage. The resulting fusion phage bound specifically to anti-CNTF antibodies and to the recombinant soluble CNTF s-receptor. Moreover, phage-displayed hCNTF was found to possess biological activity at concentrations comparable to those of the soluble cytokine. These results demonstrate that CNTF can be displayed on phage in a correctly folded and functionally active form. Binding of fusion phage to immobilized CNTF ~-receptor and subsequent elution at low pH resulted in affinity purification of CNTF-displaying virions. Utilization of this technology should enable the selection of high-affinity variants from libraries of CNTF mutants displayed on phage.

actuar is a package providing additional Actuarial Science functionality to the R sta-tistical system. The project was launched in 2005 and the package is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network since February 2006. The current version of the pack-age contains functions for use in the fields of loss distributions modeling, risk theory (including ruin theory), simulation of compound hierarchical models and credibility the-ory. This paper presents in detail but with few technical terms the most recent version of the package.

The use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is widespread both in healthy subjects and patients, but suffers from a lack of standardized method and quality control procedures. BIA allows the determination of the fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water (TBW) in subjects without significant fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, when using appropriate population, age or pathology-specific BIA equations and established procedures. Published BIA equations validated against a reference method in a sufficiently large number of subjects are presented and ranked according to the standard error of the estimate.

In this article we will apply various statistical analyses with the R programming language (word frequency, bigrams, word co-occurrence and Topic Modelling) to the bibliographical reviews of 1932-1933 from the Spanish journal Índice Literario (1932-1936) in order to bring us closer (i) to the vision of the collaborators on Índice Literario in the general context of the literature written in Spain in the 1930s and, particularly, in the literary work written by women and (ii) to the social and political situation in Spain during these years which is reflected in the work of the authors reviewed and in the journal reviews. Índice Literario was part of the section “Archivos de Literatura Española Contemporánea” (“Contemporary Spanish Literature Archives”) in the Centre for Historical Studies (1910-1939) and was managed by the Spanish poet Pedro Salinas (1891-1951) and a group of collaborators. The journal was a clear attempt by the Centre for Historical Studies to open itself up to the literary scene of the time and provides an indispensable source of information for getting to know the cultural reality during the years of the Second Spanish Republic. The article concludes that the quantitative analysis (the discovery of patterns, such as trends in the use of words or the identification of the most important subjects in the reviews included in the journal) complements and enriches the qualitative analysis of the publication in a satisfactory way.

Abbreviations fMRI function magnetic resonance imaging I image description or feature p probability r reliability S object description V1 primary visual cortex Real-world statistics The statistical regularities in natural images and scene properties are essential for taming the complexity and ambiguity of image interpretation. For example, in

We present the package RcmdrPlugin.temis, a graphical user interface for user-friendly text mining in R. Built as a plug-in to the R Commander provided by the Rcmdr package, it brings together several existing packages and provides new features streamlining the process of importing, managing and analyzing a corpus, in addition to saving results and plots to a report file. Beyond common file formats, automated import of corpora from the Dow Jones Factiva content provider and Twitter is supported. Featured analyses include vocabulary and dissimilarity tables, terms frequencies, terms specific of levels of a variable, term co-occurrences, time series, correspondence analysis and hierarchical clustering.

One of the most popular methods to visualize the overlap and differences between data sets is the Venn diagram. Venn diagrams are especially useful when they are ‘area-proportional’ i.e. the sizes of the circles and the overlaps correspond to the sizes of the data sets. In 2007, the BioVenn web interface was launched, which is being used by many researchers. However, this web implementation requires users to copy and paste (or upload) lists of IDs into the web browser, which is not always convenient and makes it difficult for researchers to create Venn diagrams ‘in batch’, or to automatically update the diagram when the source data changes. This is only possible by using software such as R or Python. This paper describes the BioVenn R and Python packages, which are very easy-to-use packages that can generate accurate area-proportional Venn diagrams of two or three circles directly from lists of (biological) IDs. The only required input is two or three lists of IDs. Optional paramete...

Constitution-making is a ubiquitous but poorly understood phenomenon. There is much speculation but relatively little evidence about the impact of different design processes on constitutional outcomes. Much of the debate reduces to the question of who is involved in the process and when. We consider two central issues in this regard. The first is the problem of institutional self-dealing, or whether governmental organs that have something to gain from the constitutional outcome should be involved in the process. The second has to do with the merits of public involvement in the process. Both of these concerns have clear normative implications and both are amenable to straightforward social scientific analysis. This article surveys the relevant research on constitution-making, describes the conceptual issues involved in understanding constitution-making, reviews the various claims regarding variation in constitution-making processes, and presents a set of baseline empirical results from a new set of data on the content and process of constitution-making. 201 Annu. Rev. Law. Soc. Sci. 2009.5:201-223. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY -Law Library (Chicago Campus) on 11/09/10. For personal use only.

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Migration of unskilled labour out of agriculture is a basic characteristic of the process of industrialization, urbanization, modernization and economic development both historically and contemporarily. This paper outlines the recent developments in agricultural labour markets in rural odisha and investigates the issues of agricultural out migration and their implications for agriculture both from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The results indicate that migration does matter. It impacts on labour supply, real wage rate, productivity, output and cropping pattern in agriculture. The overall results contradict the prognosis of the surplus labour model and are consistent with the propositions of the market theory of wages as also with the findings of some of the earlier studies concerning other countries/areas.

Arising from the productive dialogue between systemic functional linguistics and sociology begun earlier by Michael Halliday (1995), Basil Bernstein (1990) and Ruqaiya Hasan (1999), this edited volume is concerned with the nature of knowledge. Readers familiar with Bernstein’s sociological theory will know the trajectory of his work from its early emphasis on code, through classification and framing of curriculum to his later interest in the structuring of knowledge. Throughout, his interest in the relationship between social relations and semiotic practice is evident as he attended firstly to the form taken by pedagogic discourse (the relay) and then later to the pedagogic discourse and knowledge itself (the relayed). It is the later work with which this book engages, most particularly the development of the initial categorisations of everyday and commonsense knowledge into those of vertical and horizontal discourses (Bernstein, 1999). Horizontal discourse, according to Bernstein, ...

The aim of the article is the interpretation of spatial systems which were created by Andrei Zvyagintsev in the film Elena. The analysis shows that the space allows recognizing not only the quality of the relationships existing between the characters but it also encodes and anticipates the fictional pattern of this work of art. The verbal layer seems to play a minor role, i.e. it supplements and modifies observations of the recipient who
uses the spatial code. The meaning is expressed in the juxtapositions of subsequent shots, functioning as assonances or dissonances, as well as in the inner montage of single units, revealing important elements of the film structure. The spatial systems which turn attention to the ambiguous nature of the reality constitute the dominant metaphors of the film, which — together with the play of the light and darkness — can be read
as signum of the disintegration of the contemporary world.

North begins his book by stating that "institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, are the humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction."(3) That being said North then proposes to examine institutions, changes in them, and their impact on economic performance over time.

Computer programming is an important component of statistics research and data analysis. This skill is necessary for using sophisticated statistical packages as well as for writing custom software for data analysis. Emacs Speaks Statistics (ESS) provides an intelligent and consistent interface between the user and software. ESS interfaces with SAS, S-PLUS, R, and other statistics packages under the Unix, Microsoft Windows, and Apple Mac operating systems. ESS extends the Emacs text editor and uses its many features to streamline the creation and use of statistical software. ESS understands the syntax for each data analysis language it works with and provides consistent display and editing features across packages. ESS assists in the interactive or batch execution by the statistics packages of statements written in their languages. Some statistics packages can be run as a subprocess of Emacs, allowing the user to work directly from the editor and thereby retain a consistent and constant lookand-feel. We discuss how ESS works and how it increases statistical programming efficiency.

Metanálise é uma técnica estatística adequada para combinar resultados provenientes de diferentes estudos. Na área da saúde, um exemplo é a combinação do risco relativo entre dois tratamentos estimado em diferentes estudos. O resultado básico da metanálise, neste exemplo, é uma estimativa única para o risco relativo, que é chamada de estimativa metanalítica. É importante ressaltar que, o resultado de uma metanálise terá significado aplicado somente se os estudos que a compõem forem o resultado de uma revisão sistemática. O objetivo principal deste artigo é apresentar, de forma prática, como conduzir uma metanálise. Para tal, são apresentados, através de um exemplo, os comandos disponíveis nos softwares STATA e R. É suposto que os dados necessários para a metanálise já foram coletados, ou seja, descrição de metodologias adequadas para revisão sistemática não é assunto abordado. Para um melhor entendimento dos exemplos são apresentados: alguns conceitos básicos, a definição de modelo de efeito fixo e modelo de efeitos aleatórios, ideias sobre heterogeneidade e técnicas de como detectá-la e maneiras de apresentar os resultados de uma metanálise. Uma breve discussão sobre escolha de modelos também é apresentada. Outras técnicas utilizadas em metanálises tais como, por exemplo, a análise de subgrupos e a meta-regressão não são abordadas neste trabalho.

To understand the effect of climate on tree-ring features, such as width or density, tree-ring data have to be calibrated against instrumental records. The high degree of multicollinearity among monthly time series of climate data violates the assumption of independent predictor variables in ordinary least squares regression. Bootstrapped confidence intervals of parameter estimates via regression against the principle components of the predictor variables are a possible solution to that problem. Package bootRes for R implements a flexible interface for bootstrapped response and correlation function analysis and tackles some shortcomings of currently available software. Given the increasing popularity of the free R software for statistical analysis, bootRes should facilitate both using R as a computational environment among tree-ring scientists and implementing new approaches to dendroclimatic calibration.

... Page 16. Deflation and Stock Exchanges Page 14 public house toward payment of the dividends on new capital – new capital that had been issued precisely to purchase the exclusive vending rights to beverages sold in previously independent, free, pubs. ...

North begins his book by stating that "institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, are the humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction."(3) That being said North then proposes to examine institutions, changes in them, and their impact on economic performance over time.

Durante os últimos anos, foram criados diferentes pacotes de R dirigidos à análise espacial. Ainda assim, existem poucos livros focados na análise espacial com R . Este livro destina-se a usuários com conhecimento básico de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) que desejam iniciar a gestão e análise de dados espaciais com R. Portanto, não requer nenhum conhecimento prévio deste programa, mas um conhecimento básico do SIG. O livro pretende permitir ao leitor dar os primeiros passos na gestão de R para a análise espacial sem muitos tropeços. No primeiro capítulo, é explicado como instalar R e RStudio e os principais elementos da interface RStudio são apresentados. É recomendado instalar ambos os programas para experimentar os códigos dos exercícios. No segundo capítulo, é feita uma introdução ao uso básico do R. O leitor com conhecimento prévio de R pode ir diretamente para o capítulo seguinte. No terceiro capítulo, apresentamos como os dados espaciais em R estão estruturados utilizando os pacotes sf e raster, os dois principais pacotes que usaremos ao longo deste livro. Este capítulo pode parecer um pouco árido. No capítulo 4, apresentamos algumas maneiras de interagir com dados geográficos entre R e outros sistemas de gerenciamento de informações geográficas através de procedimentos de importação / exportação de dados em formato vetorial ou de imagem, bem como alguns métodos para converter informações entre vetor e raster. Nos capítulos 5 e 6, são apresentadas operações SIG básicas, respectivamente, com dados em formato vetorial e raster. No Capítulo 7, apresentamos algumas análises do campo da geoestatística que podem ser realizadas com pacotes R. No oitavo capítulo mostramos algumas maneiras de elaborar cartografia. Finalmente, o capítulo 9 apresenta ao leitor as técnicas para fazer R interagir com o sistema de informação geográfica (SIG) de código aberto Q-GIS e a plataforma de modelagem espacial Dinamica EGO.

This paper aims to shed some more light on the current debate related to corporate social responsibility (CSR), specifically considering multinational enterprises (MNEs) and the complexities they face when dealing with international issues and a range of stakeholders. It discusses notions of CSR in the context of wider debates, including the question for whom and for what the firm exists, how responsibilities can or should be managed and by whom, and what room there is for managerial discretion. Particular attention is paid to cross-cultural differences, exploring the existing variety in ethical and societal norms relevant to MNEs: those originating from international agreements, those that are part of a so-called 'market morality' and those applicable in home and host countries. Although these norms may overlap, they can diverge as well, leaving ample room for managerial discretion in a 'moral free space'. The paper also explores recent trends, particularly the increasing importance of emerging economies such as China, which suggests that the picture is becoming even more complex, pointing at clear challenges for research and practice.

Ecommerce, also known as electronic commerce or internet commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods or services using the internet, and the transfer of money and data to execute these transactions. The types of E-commerce includes-business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C) or business-to-government (B2G). E-commerce with the help of latest trends can improve communication and doing E-Commerce business is more easier. With more digital innovations in finance, public people were showing more interest in this form of business. In addition to that, financial sector stakeholders and academic are also more attracted by this. The main objective of Cryptocurrencies is to replace centralized systems such as banks, eliminating the need for an intermediary and by this greatly simplify the shopping process. With Ecommerce there is a possibility to reach more people across the globe at less expense than the traditional business. With the introduction of new concept like crytpcurrency, Bitcoin is a highly secured digital currency, used by more people. It simply allows its users to move value around the World Wide Web. Market volatility is the key issue with cryptocurrency payments. Price fluctuations in the value of a cryptocurrency which is being used for payment can lead to net losses (or conversely, net gains) for e-commerce merchants. With so many factors affecting the implementation of cryptocurrency-based payments, it's essential to be able to fail fast while innovating or testing the waters. To accommodate for risks and volatility, consider incremental additions such as rolling out crypto payments support on a web app before making them available via native app capabilities or vice versa.

In this study, the adsorption of lead (Pb 2þ ) onto activated carbon (AC) originating from cow bone, chemically modified with HNO 3 , was investigated. Physico-chemical carbon characterization assays and the determination of the optimum pH conditions and contact time, as well as studies on the kinetic and isothermal equilibrium and adsorbent reuse, were carried out. The AC presented a greater amount of acid functional groups than basic groups at the surface, making it efficient for cationic exchange. The pH PZC was 4.0 and the minimum contact time required for the assays to be performed was 6 h. It was observed that the time required to reach kinetic equilibrium decreased with increasing initial metal concentration in solution and the values found for q exp were 32.1, 50.1 and 42.3 mg g À1 for concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 mg L À1 , respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best represented the experimental data for all initial lead concentrations studied, presenting good linear correlation coefficients. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to fit the experimental data and these showed good correlations, with the Langmuir model providing a better description of the equilibrium (higher R 2 value). It was verified that the HCl desorption showed the highest efficiency; the minimum time to reach the desorption equilibrium was 3 h and the recovery was approximately 50%. The proposed adsorption process efficiently removes lead present in aqueous solution and can be used in industrial processes. (M.A.P. Cechinel), [email protected] (S.M.ArrudaG. Ulson de Souza), [email protected] (A.A. Ulson de Souza).

There are many ways of construing the psychology of loss. This paper describes one such model, which enlightens some, but not all, aspects of bereavement and needs to be used alongside other models. Loss is one aspect of psychosocial transition, the psychological change that takes place whenever people are faced with the need to undertake a major revision of their assumptions about the world. The paper focuses on the ways in which people change or fail to change their internal model of the world in the face of emergent events. Examples are taken from bereavement, loss of a limb, and the succession of losses that mark the course of terminal illness. Implications for identifying people at risk and mitigating that risk are outlined.

Due to the global financial crisis, credit on international markets became more restricted for banks, turning attention to internal clients and their deposits to gather funds. This driver led to a demand for knowledge about client’s behavior towards deposits and especially their response to telemarketing campaigns. This work describes a data mining approach to extract valuable knowledge from recent Portuguese bank telemarketing campaign data. Such approach was guided by the CRISP-DM methodology and the data analysis was conducted using the rminer package and R tool. Three classification models were tested (i.e., Decision Trees, Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machines) and compared using two relevant criteria: ROC and Lift curve analysis. Overall, the Support Vector Machine obtained the best results and a sensitive analysis was applied to extract useful knowledge from this model, such as the best months for contacts and the influence of the last campaign result and having or not a mo...

0 7 4 0 -7 4 5 9 / 0 4 / $ 2 0 . 0 0 © 2 0 0 4 I E E E efficiency, and greater customer satisfaction. In pair programming, a key ingredient in agile projects' success, pairs of programmers working together handle all development taskseach pair sharing one terminal, keyboard, and mouse. Researchers have since reported that pair programmers produce higher-quality code than do developers working alone. This finding is intuitively appealing; you'd expect collaborators who continuously review each other's work to find better design and construction solutions than one programmer working alone. More surprising is their finding that pair programmers produce code with little or no significant productivity loss. This research contrasts starkly with our field study findings. We decided to reexamine our earlier productivity data from teams of two and ask: Would our previous findings of concurrent-work productivity loss be reversed if we look only at programming pairs rather than teams of all sizes? If so, we could conclude that pairs are naturally more productive than larger teams, regardless of the collaborative process. If not, we could conclude that the collaboration mechanisms prescribed in pair programming might overcome a natural loss of productivity from concurrent work. We offer these findings and their implications as a benchmark against which we might measure the potential of pair programming practices. feature A Field Study of Developer Pairs: Productivity Impacts and Implications I n a previous industrial field study, we examined programmer productivity as team size varies. We showed that regardless of size or experience, the more time team members spend concurrently working on the same code modules, the less productive they are. 1,2 In other words, teams are more productive when their members work independently.

The use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is widespread both in healthy subjects and patients, but suffers from a lack of standardized method and quality control procedures. BIA allows the determination of the fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water (TBW) in subjects without significant fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, when using appropriate population, age or pathology-specific BIA equations and established procedures. Published BIA equations validated against a reference method in a sufficiently large number of subjects are presented and ranked according to the standard error of the estimate.