Poverty and Social Exclusion

Einkommen, Armut und Lebensbedingungen Ergebnisse aus EU-SILC 2008 ursula till-tentschert (Projektleitung), thomas glaser, richard heuberger, elisabeth Kafka, nadja Lamei, magdalena skina, matthias till Indikatoren für das Monitoring sozialer Eingliederung in Österreich matthias till (Projektleitung), franz f. eiffe, georg datler, Justus henke, Karin schrittwieser, ursula till-tentschert

Crecer en una situación de pobreza puede cambiar radicalmente las oportunidades de los niños y las niñas a lo largo de su vida. Cuando
hablamos de pobreza, tendemos a pensar que es algo de otro tiempo o que pasa en otros lugares del mundo. Tristemente, la pobreza es la realidad cotidiana de millones de niños y niñas en nuestras sociedades europeas. La crisis económica y financiera ha golpeado tanto al empleo como al sistema social del país, y desde que comenzó en 2008, ha afectado gravemente a los niños y niñas de toda Europa y a sus familias. Entre 2008 y  2012, el número de niños en riesgo de pobreza o exclusión social en Europa aumentó casi en 1 millón, con un incremento de medio millón solo en un año, entre 2011 y 2012.

La crisi abitativa rappresenta una delle sfide più critiche delle società contemporanee, radicata nelle dinamiche del mercato liberale deregolamentato e alimentata dall'erosione delle politiche di welfare. Questa tesina esplora il diritto all'abitare come componente essenziale dei diritti sociali, analizzandolo attraverso tre prospettive principali: l'impatto della privatizzazione e della finanziarizzazione del settore immobiliare, la complessità delle occupazioni abitative tra legalità e necessità sociale, e il conflitto tra sicurezza e repressione nel contesto urbano. Attraverso un'analisi interdisciplinare, si evidenzia come l'accesso a un'abitazione dignitosa non solo risponda a bisogni materiali, ma costituisca una condizione imprescindibile per la partecipazione politica e la costruzione di una società equa e inclusiva. La lotta per il diritto alla casa emerge così non solo come rivendicazione sociale, ma come catalizzatore per un nuovo paradigma urbano e culturale, orientato alla democratizzazione delle città e alla riduzione delle disuguaglianze.

Wzrost złożoności świata społecznego wymusza przemiany polityki publicznej, której przedstawiciele starają się dostosować ją do dynamicznie zmieniającej się rzeczywistości. Powszechną formą tej adaptacji wydaje się wdrażanie nowych technik zarządczych zgodnych z modelem metagovernance. Zakłada on m.in. uzupełnienie istniejących modeli zarządzania publicznego o horyzontalne sieci interesariuszy polityki publicznej, ale też oparcie polityki na trzech zasadach – wymaganej różnorodności, wymaganej refleksyjności i postawy ironicznej. Publiczne instytucje kultury nazywane instytucjami ramowymi wspierają wdrażanie nowych technik zarządczych przede wszystkim poprzez tworzenie nowych sieci interesariuszy polityki kulturalnej i wsparcie już istniejących. Niniejszy opis instytucji powstał na podstawie wywiadów indywidualnych z osobami zaangażowanymi

How do Anglophone urban scholars know urban informalities? This article reviews three dominant ways of knowing urban informality, noting that, despite the profoundly rich insights they each provide, two critiques of the overall concept endure. These are that the concept is often imprecise, and that the contribution to knowing 'the urban' more generally remains clearly circumscribed to the 'urban non-west'. In our view, these limitations curtail the possibilities of sharpening our understanding of the relationship to inequalities and injustices. We work with these critiques, suggesting that they represent two sides of the same problem, associated with binaries. In doing so, we build on the existing emphasis on practices and work across the three dominant ways of knowing urban informalities. This reveals that binaries are not held together magically and transparently so that each is the mirror opposite. Instead, the difference is constituted through unnamed aspects of common denominators-two of which we highlight (property rights and aesthetics)-and may be intrinsic to the way urban informality has come to develop. It is through the latent power relations that inhere in these common denominators that urban scholars can achieve greater conceptual precision and make different contributions to broader urban theory committed to challenging injustices.

This article is about the huge gap between Greek household disposable income and the OECD average. It points out that the Greek government's stubborn refutation to acknowledge these facts, although included in official reports, makes aggravate further the problems of the Greek economy. (PARON 8/9/2024)

Einkommen, Armut und Lebensbedingungen Ergebnisse aus EU-SILC 2008 ursula till-tentschert (Projektleitung), thomas glaser, richard heuberger, elisabeth Kafka, nadja Lamei, magdalena skina, matthias till Indikatoren für das Monitoring sozialer Eingliederung in Österreich matthias till (Projektleitung), franz f. eiffe, georg datler, Justus henke, Karin schrittwieser, ursula till-tentschert

De denkgroep "In de Warande" heeft zich in het verleden vooral gebogen over diverse hervormingen van de Belgische Staat en de mate waarin ze al dan niet tegemoet kwamen aan de belangen en de verzuchtingen van Vlaanderen. Op dit ogenblik liggen nieuwe hervormingen en/of wijzigingen in de bevoegdheden van de diverse overheden van de Belgische federatie in het verschiet. Onderhavig manifest is het resultaat van een denkoefening omtrent de sociaaleconomische en maatschappelijke kenmerken en behoeften van de Belgische deelgebieden, omtrent hun onderlinge verhoudingen en de onvolkomenheden van de huidige Belgische structuren. Dit niet alleen in het vooruitzicht van voormelde hervormingen maar vooral in het licht van de ongeëvenaarde uitdagingen waarmee de Belgische samenleving, net als gans West-Europa, wordt geconfronteerd. Met dit initiatief en haar conclusie dat voor Vlaanderen en uiteindelijk ook voor Wallonië, het statuut van zelfstandige lidstaat van de Europese Unie, de beste kansen en stimulansen biedt, wil "In de Warande" bijdragen tot het maatschappelijk debat rond de Belgische staatsstructuur. Mede dank zij haar vooral zakelijke analyse en haar aandacht voor ook de belangen van Wallonië en Brussel hoopt de denkgroep dat de omvorming van België tot twee onafhankelijke staten aldus bespreekbaar(der) wordt en niet ver-of gehinderd wordt door de negatieve connotatie die "separatisme" per definitie meekrijgt noch door wat hier en nu als "wel of niet politiek haalbaar" wordt beschouwd. Het manifest handelt daarom ook enkel over het "waarom" niet over het "hoe" of over de diverse te ondernemen stappen en te overwinnen hinderpalen. Daarom wordt bijvoorbeeld ook het "nieuw apart statuut" voor Brussel slechts schematisch uitgewerkt. Op deze wijze is er hopelijk ruimte voor discussie en overleg over inhoud en principes.

Σκοπός του παρόντος κειμένου είναι να εξοικειώσει τον αναγνώστη με τη λειτουργία του Ευρωπαϊκού Μηχανισμού Πολιτικής Προστασίας, παραθέτοντας συνεκτικές πληροφορίες σχετικά με τη δράση ομάδων και ειδικών υπό την εποπτεία του Ευρωπαϊκού Μηχανισμού Πολιτικής Προστασίας (European Civil Protection Mechanism – UCPM) ή και του Γραφείου των Ηνωμένων Εθνών για τον Συντονισμό Ανθρωπιστικών Υποθέσεων (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - UN OCHA)  κατά την εξέλιξη μιας επείγουσας έκτακτης ανάγκης

The Review of Economic and Social Trends is available free from the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Each issue features new independent research and analysis on current social and economic issues affecting Manitobans. For more information or to provide feedback please call or write:

This study provides a step-by-step account of how fuzzy measures of non-monetary deprivation and also monetary poverty may be constructed based on survey data such as those from the Mozambican Household Budget Survey 2008-09 (IOF08). For nonmonetary deprivation, six dimensions are identified using explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses, and a weighting system is applied for the aggregation of individual items into the dimension they represent. An application on Mozambique is conducted using the Household Budget Survey 2008-09 (IOF08) data: estimates are provided at national level and also disaggregated at provincial and urban/rural level. Standard errors are provided using a recent methodology based on Jack-knife Repeated Replication. Our results contrast with previous findings based solely on Head Count statistics and give a more complete mapping of poverty in Mozambique. Monetary and non-monetary deprivation seem to have very different distribution patterns, especially when analysed at sub-national level and by area of residence. Disaggregated Head Count statistics produce rankings of provinces and urban/rural areas that greatly differ from estimates based on non-monetary dimensions. In particular, the Northern and Central provinces suffer from non-monetary deprivation significantly more than the South, and the urban/rural deprivation gap widens in favour of urban areas when non-monetary dimensions are considered. Housing conditions and quality, and possession of less affordable durable goods emerge as the most unequally distributed non-monetary dimensions.

© ©2 20 00 05 5-2 20 00 09 9 Q Qu ua al li it ta at ti iv ve e S So oc ci io ol lo og gy y R Re ev vi ie ew w V Vo ol lu um me e V V I Is ss su ue e 3 3 w ww ww w. .q qu ua al li it ta at ti iv ve es so oc ci io ol lo og gy yr re ev vi ie ew w. .o or rg g

Latin America and the Caribbean has started adopting the various policy measure to develop the economic status of the region. The Covid-19 situation has impacted significantly on various sectors and structures of the region such as poverty, unemployment, economic and social inequalities among the people. The LAC region is navigating the various challenging atmosphere during the Covid-19 era, which has been affected directly in the contraction of gross domestic product of the region. Because of the lockdown procedures has impacted significantly on all economic activities, reduced the global demand especially the trade, and affected the entire tourism sector. Subsequently, the Covid-19 lockdown measures hit the poor people who lives under the poverty and those working in the low-paid wages workers in the informal sector. The informal sector workers are already not receiving any kind of social security measures. It is also noticed that 38 percent of the total workforce in the informal ...

των Εκπαιδευτικών στην Αντιμετώπιση των Κοινωνικών Ανισοτήτων (Teacher suppΟrt Confronting Social INequalities-TOCSIN) έχει εγκριθεί από τη Γενική Γραμματεία Έρευνας και Τεχνολογίας (ΓΓΕΤ), για χρηματοδότηση μέσω του Χρηματοδοτικού Μηχανισμού του Ευρωπαϊκού Οικονομικού Χώρου (ΧΜ-ΕΟΧ), στο πλαίσιο της σύμβασης με κωδικό έργου ΕΟΧ GR07 / 3708 {The research leading to these results has received funding from the [EEA] Mechanism 2009-2014 under Project Contract n° [3708]}.

The fiscal austerity measures enacted in Greece due to the recent financial crisis resulted in a reduction of household incomes, a rise of unemployment and consequently poverty, eroding social cohesion fabric and health status of the population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of economic hardship and the socio-demographic profile of the unemployed population on their level of mental health. A cross sectional study was conducted in the Employment Promotion Centers (KPA2) of the Manpower Employment Organization (OAED) in Attica. The study population was defined as the unemployed people who were registered in the OAED and visit the KPA2 in the region of Attica. The final sample consisted of 830 unemployed. The data were collected from June 2016 to September 2017. The questionnaires used were the Index of Personal Economic Distress and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The statistical analysis was based on the SPSS 25 statistical program. T...

This chapter presents the changing social and economic conditions of post-industrial society, with the shrinking of the welfare state, the ascendancy of neoliberalism and increasing social inequalities, focussing on their impact on the social body of the contemporary city. The main argument of the text is the prospect of designing and implementing an integrated network of social protection at the urban level that would draw not only on local social capital and collective action, but also on supra-local innovative ideas and practises.

Αυτό το κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζει τις μεταβαλλόμενες κοινωνικές και οικονομικές συνθήκες της μεταβιομηχανικής κοινωνίας, με τη συρρίκνωση του κράτους πρόνοιας, την επικράτηση του νεοφιλελευθερισμού και τις αυξανόμενες κοινωνικές ανισότητες, εστιάζοντας στην επίδρασή τους στο κοινωνικό σώμα της σύγχρονης πόλης. Το κύριο επιχείρημα του κειμένου είναι η προοπτική σχεδιασμού και εφαρμογής ενός ολοκληρωμένου δικτύου κοινωνικής προστασίας σε αστικό επίπεδο που θα βασίζεται όχι μόνο στο τοπικό κοινωνικό κεφάλαιο και τη συλλογική δράση, αλλά και σε υπερτοπικές καινοτόμες ιδέες και πρακτικές.

The Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) programme was established in Ghana to tackle poverty, yet studies on LEAP yielded inconclusive results on its effects. This article reports on an assessment of the effects of LEAP on poverty reduction, using an "after-only" study design. Results suggest that beneficiaries saw improvement in food consumption, income levels, savings levels, access to healthcare, and school attendance following participation in LEAP. The study concludes that LEAP contributed to poverty reduction as it enhanced beneficiaries' living conditions. It recommends that LEAP targeting be based on the Ghana National Household Registry's database to eliminate inclusion errors.

Work package EuSocialCit is an interdisciplinary research project aiming to support the EU in strengthening social rights and European social citizenship. It evaluates the current state of social rights in Europe and their relationship to social inequalities, gender inequalities, poverty and precariousness, and diagnoses the shortcomings of current policies and institutions at the level of individual countries and the EU. The EuSocialCit project focuses on three domains in which social rights are important: the empowerment of citizens (e.g. education and activation), fair working conditions and social inclusion. Each of these domains are respectively studied as part of WP3, WP4 and WP5. This report is produced as part of WP5 which is entitled Inclusion through social policy. This WP analyses social rights in relation to the principles in the 'social protection and inclusion' cluster of the EPSR. Core diagnoses undergirding this WP5 are the long-lasting trend of poverty in many EU welfare states and for particular groups, and the increased disparities between member states and structural inadequacies of social protection for the most vulnerable. WP5's central questions are (1) what the role of the EU has been in delivering social rights for social protection and inclusion to all EU citizens, and (2) what improvements can and should be made.

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i objaśnienie trendów niedostępności respondentów w oparciu o dane z lat 1993-2011 dla sondażu "Aktualne problemy i wydarzenia", realizowanego techniką wywiadu osobistego przez Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej. W pracy autorka posługuje się miarami poziomu realizacji przyjętymi przez AAPOR. Wyniki wskazują, że na przestrzeni badanego okresu odsetek odpowiedzi (RR2) spadł o około 40 punktów procentowych, głównie za sprawą wzrostu nieobecności oraz odmów. W analizach wielozmiennowych ustalono, że na kształt krzywej kontaktów (CON1) niekorzystnie wpłynęła przede wszystkim zmiana sposobu doboru próby (przejście z prób gospodarstw domowych na próby imienne) oraz większe obciążenie ankietera pracą. Zmiana sposobu doboru respondentów miała jednak korzystny wpływ na poziom kooperacji (COOP4). Czynniki niesprzyjające partycypacji w sondażach to większe obciążenie ankietera pracą, a także negatywne nastroje społeczne i poprawa sytuacji ekonomicznej w kraju. Słowa kluczowe: niedostępność respondentów, współczynnik kontaktów, współczynnik kooperacji, próba imienna, próba gospodarstw domowych, PAPI, CAPI WPROWADZENIE Zainteresowanie metodologów problemem ubytków w próbie bierze się z niepokoju o prawomocność osiągniętych rezultatów i możliwość generalizacji wniosków, jaką w założeniu daje dobór losowy. Wraz z obserwacją spadających

The aim of this article is to examine the importance of the social sustainability in the development of territories, to examine interconnectedness of social sustainability and social security and to initiate a discussion about the methodology for analysing the social sustainability of territories. The authors of this article want to find the appropriate methodology for the measurement of social sustainability which would include complex indicators and would be useful for analysis of different types of territories. The innovative aspect is to include in the measurement of social sustainability the indicators of social security as this is the most direct tool a government has in order to enforce social sustainability. To include both – social sustainability and social security, Index should cover megatrends, tendencies and emerging signals in all spheres important to demography; health and availability of healthcare; employment and income levels; education and access to education; ine...

In the era of globalization, the efficiency of production and demand is the sole criterion of circulated goods competitiveness. General globalization involved in the international circulation such goods as real estate, the production of which in the essence is construction. This study aims to look at real estate developers' opportunities to improve their competitiveness in a globalizing world. In the study, globalization and competitiveness will be characterized in the context of the real estate market globalization, as well as the authors will give insight into the real estate market development and examine housing fund renovation in Latvia. In the final section, the authors will discuss and set out the main conclusions of real estate developers' competitiveness promotion in the global environment.

Development is an outcome of efficient institutions rather than the other way around. Focus therefore must be shifted from maximising the quantity of development funding to maximising of development outcomes and effectiveness of public service delivery. Concerted policy action is needed to improve the monitoring system so that outcomes are correctly measured, and the present tendency of reporting inflated data is discouraged.

The Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) programme was established in Ghana to tackle poverty, yet studies on LEAP yielded inconclusive results on its effects. This article reports on an assessment of the effects of LEAP on poverty reduction, using an "after-only" study design. Results suggest that beneficiaries saw improvement in food consumption, income levels, savings levels, access to healthcare, and school attendance following participation in LEAP. The study concludes that LEAP contributed to poverty reduction as it enhanced beneficiaries' living conditions. It recommends that LEAP targeting be based on the Ghana National Household Registry's database to eliminate inclusion errors.

Spanish society has made unprecedented social progress in recent decades. People are healthier, better educated, and more connected than ever before. However, this progress is uneven and high rates of poverty persist. Economic and social inequality are chronic. Across Autonomous Communities and Cities, many individuals and groups face barriers that prevent them from participating fully in economic, social, and political life due to their disadvantaged situation.
In this context, inclusion and shared prosperity emerged as central aspirations of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A central commitment contained in the 2030 Agenda is to ensure that no one is left behind and to see that all goals and targets are met for all sectors of society, striving to reach the worst-off first. 
However, the Covid-19 pandemic widened the social and economic gap in Spain. Data from the Survey of Living Conditions published by the National Statistics Institute (INE) in June 2022 show an increase of both poverty and inequality. In 2021, the Spanish population at risk of poverty or social exclusion increased to 27.8%, eight-tenths more than in 2020. In this sense, it is the worst figure since 2016.
In 2022, the at-risk-of-poverty threshold for one-person households - calculated using 2021 income data - stood at €9,535, 0.9% lower than estimated in the previous year. For households comprising two adults and two children under 14 years of age, this threshold was 20,024 euros. Regarding the average income per person, referring to 2021, it reached 12,269 euros, 0.2% less than the previous year.
The Survey confirms that there is a before and after the pandemic and that just over one million people have fallen into poverty in the last two years. In 2019, 25.3% of the population was at risk of poverty; now it is 27.8%.
According to the S80/S20 ratio which measures income inequality by comparing the sum of the incomes of the 20% of the population with the 20% of the population with the lowest income, its value reached 6.2 in 2021, an increase of four-tenths of a percentage point from the previous year.
Another indicator to analyze inequality is the Gini Index. It is a measure of inequality that takes the value zero in the case of perfect equality and 100 in the case of maximum inequality; the Gini index rose by nine-tenths in 2021 to 33.0.
‘Leaving no one behind’ is not only a fundamental moral imperative; poverty and social exclusion also have significant economic and social costs associated with forgoing the contribution of individuals and groups who cannot access education systems, economic production, or the labor market. Poverty and exclusion also have political costs, as they reflect and fuel social tensions and are at the root of many conflicts. They also interact with environmental risks: excluded individuals and groups, especially those living in poverty, often inhabit areas that are more vulnerable to natural hazards and disasters and, as a result, are disproportionately harmed by those. Poverty and exclusion make societies not only less cohesive, but also more fragile, less secure, and less productive.

SPANISH VERSION AT THIS LINK: https://www.eapn.es/ARCHIVO/documentos/documentos/1672315859_eapn-poverty-watch.pdf

'Homelessness. Report on pedagogical qualitative research.'
Our three authors' book (with autonomous three parts) written in Polish was published jointly with two colleagues from the IES FPSS of Nicolaus Copernicus University after the implementation of the 24-month IDUB NCU qualitative project (2021-2022). The entire (worthy of consideration) monograph is a report on pedagogical qualitative inquiry (pp. 269) performed in three voivodeships in Poland (West Pomeranian, Podlachian, and Southcarpathian) in 22 homeless facilities. The monograph was published in 2022 in the series Problems of Social Work by Publisher House Akapit.
I'm the author of the third part of this book. My topic was homelessness and health issues research which was a synthesis of categories underrepresented in Polish qual research on homelessness. I analyzed disabilities, diseases, and disorders constructs through the prism of social anthropologist Mary Douglas' category of anomaly.
Link to a repository of NCU: https://repozytorium.umk.pl/bitstream/handle/item/6919/Bezdomno%c5%9b%c4%87.pdf?sequence=1

We study a population of swarmalators (swarming/mobile oscillators) which run on a ring and are subject to random pinning. The pinning represents the tendency of particles to stick to defects in the underlying medium which competes with the tendency to sync / swarm. The result is rich collective behavior. A highlight is low dimensional chaos which in systems of ordinary, Kuramoto-type oscillators is uncommon. Some of the states (the phase wave and split phase wave) resemble those seen in systems of Janus matchsticks or Japanese tree frogs. The others (such as the sync and unsteady states) may be observable in systems of vinegar eels, electrorotated Quincke rollers, or other swarmalators moving in disordered environments.

This article attempts to understand the process of "constructing the other" among the Paniya tribe of Wayanad district, Kerala using the concept of "Orientalism" proposed by Edward Said. The process of "othering" as experienced from childhood by the Paniyas is studied with reference to an anganwadi centre in Wayanad district. As the Paniya children begin to reconcile with the state institutions, they are constantly reminded of the lower positions, they occupy in the linear scale of social evolution hierarchy. This reinforces the already existing stereotypes about them as uncivilized, unintelligent and primordial beings and makes them feel inferior in comparison to the non-tribes while simultaneously developing in them a significant amount of suspicion, and hostility towards any outsider. Analyzing the empirical data collected in a case study of an Anganwadi centre in a Paniya colony of Noolpuzha village, Sulthan Bathery block of Wayanad district of Kerala, this article discusses the experiences in the anganwadi centre where a child from a Paniya tribe is subjected to constant encounter between "the ideal" and "the other" as the child is introduced at an early age to the norms of the dominant society and subjected to constant reminder of being "the other" of that society.

Η έγκριση της μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας από το Τμήμα Κοινωνικής Διοίκησης και Πολιτικής Επιστήμης του ΔΠΘ δεν υποδηλώνει απαραιτήτως και αποδοχή των απόψεων του συγγραφέα εκ μέρους του Τμήματος ελάχιστες οι περιπτώσεις όπου οι στερεοτυπικές στάσεις και απόψεις βρίσκουν πρόσφορο έδαφος. Το ίδιο θα μπορούσε να θεωρηθεί και για τις ανθρώπινες σχέσεις.

Resumo Desde a década de 1990 diversos países da América Latina estão adotando políticas públicas visando à redução da pobreza e da exclusão social, destacando-se os programas de transferência de renda que passaram a compor o núcleo central das ações governamentais em vários países. O objetivo do estudo é analisar comparativamente a evolução da pobreza no Brasil e na Argentina no início do século 21, bem como as políticas públicas em curso. Como instrumento de análise foram utilizados dados secundários relativos aos dois temas disponíveis em ambos os países. Concluiu-se que esses programas contribuíram decisivamente para reduzir os níveis de pobreza nos dois países, todavia a erradicação da pobreza necessita de uma maior articulação entre as diversas políticas sociais visando à construção e consolidação de um sistema de proteção social amplo.

Αισθάνομαι την ηθική υποχρέωση να ευχαριστήσω την επιβλέπουσα Καθηγήτριά μου, κα Χατζηδήμα Σταματίνα, για την πολύτιμη υποστήριξη, τις επιστημονικές κατευθύνσεις της και τα χρονικά περιθώρια που γενναιόδωρα μου παρέτεινε όταν υπήρξε ανάγκη. Της χρωστώ ένα επιπρόσθετο μεγάλο ευχαριστώ για το ανθρώπινο πρόσωπο που επέδειξε, τόσο σε ερευνητικό όσο και σε προσωπικό επίπεδο. Το ήθος και η δύναμή της, ως άνθρωπος, σπανίζουν. Ήταν πραγματική ευλογία να τύχω μιας τέτοιας αντιμετώπισης από Καθηγήτρια, πόσο μάλλον όταν πρόκειται για την Επιβλέπουσά μου. Ευχαριστώ θερμά και τα υπόλοιπα μέλη της τριμελούς επιτροπής μου, την Καθηγήτρια κα Οικονομίδου Κλαίρη για τις κατευθυντήριες γραμμές στο οικονομετρικό μέρος και την εκμάθηση του προγράμματος STATA και τον Αντιπρύτανη, Καθηγητή κο Παντελή Παντελίδη για τη στήριξή του. Θα ήθελα, ακόμα, να πω ένα πολύ μεγάλο ευχαριστώ στον Καθηγητή του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής, κ. Παπαηλία Θεόδωρο, για την εμπιστοσύνη που έδειξε στο πρόσωπό μου, την προτροπή να συνεχίσω το ερευνητικό μου έργο και την πολύτιμη υποστήριξη που μου παρείχε σε όλη την μετεκπαιδευτική και ερευνητική μου πορεία. Θα παραμείνει ο Μέντοράς μου. Θερμές ευχαριστίες στη διοίκηση και τους συνεργάτες μου στο Ίδρυμα Ιατροβιολογικών Ερευνών της Ακαδημίας Αθηνών (Ι.ΙΒ.Ε.Α.Α.), για την έμπρακτη διευκόλυνση στην ολοκλήρωση της παρούσας διδακτορικής μου διατριβής, και κυρίως στην ελεύθερη πρόσβαση που μου παρείχε η Ακαδημία σε όλες τις συλλογές περιοδικών και βιβλίων των εκδοτικών οίκων από τις ηλεκτρονικές βιβλιογραφικές βάσεις δεδομένων, που απαιτούσαν ανανεωμένη συνδρομή από τη Βιβλιοθήκη. Να μην παραλείψω να ευχαριστήσω τους φίλους μου, ιδιαιτέρως τον Θάνο Αθανασιάδη, Υπεύθυνο Έρευνας Παρατηρητήριου Οικονομικών της Υγείας του Ι.Ο.Β.Ε. για τη βοήθεια του στη συλλογή δεδομένων, αλλά και καθέναν ξεχωριστά για τη συμπαράσταση και την ανοχή του. Τελευταίους σε σειρά, αλλά με τη μέγιστη σημαντικότητα, θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω τους γονείς μου, Χρήστο και Παναγιώτα, καθώς και την αδερφή μου, Βιργινία, για την πίστη και την αμέριστη στήριξη σε όλα τα επίπεδα, προκειμένου να φέρω εις πέρας επιτυχώς ένα ακόμη στόχο μου, ιδίως σε στιγμές που το είχα πραγματικά ανάγκη. Είμαι ευγνώμων και εύχομαι να είναι όλοι πάντα καλά. memorandums implemented, we conclude that Greece had had a different starting point and diverging paths to exit the Memorandum. The way of national integration and state's operation with strong social matters (civil war, immigration, dictatorship) resulted in a belated and poorly (sprawled) structured welfare state establishment with considerable weaknesses and difficulties. On that basis, Health Expenditure will sparingly begin to rise, in the foreseeable future, it is recommended that Health Policy planning should consider the severe impact of population ageing, with simultaneous smaller share of active population, which means significant revenue shortfalls and healthcare funding difficulties. Further research and comparative analysis is needed, to indentify the impact of Greece's financial crisis on HHE, whereas the effect of economic crisis appears clearer over the longer periods of time.

Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να αναδείξει τις εξελίξεις στην απασχόληση και κοινωνική ανάπτυξη κατά τη περίοδο της οικονομικής κρίσης στην Ελλάδα και τις προοπτικές, με έμφαση στη Περιφέρεια Στερεάς Ελλάδας, όπου παρουσιάζει ποσοστό ανεργίας υψηλότερο από τον πανελλαδικό μέσο όρο. Η οικονομική δραστηριότητα έχει μειωθεί σημαντικά. Η ανεργία των νέων, των γυναικών, η αύξηση των ευέλικτων μορφών απασχόλησης και ιδιαίτερα η αύξηση των μακροχρόνια ανέργων αλλά και το υψηλό ποσοστό της μη ηθελημένης μερικής απασχόλησης αποτελούν χαρακτηριστικά της αγοράς εργασίας των τελευταίων χρόνων, ενώ σημειώνεται μικρός αριθμός προσλήψεων σε οργανισμούς του ευρύτερου δημόσιου τομέα, σε σχέση με την περίοδο πριν την οικονομική κρίση. Η ύπαρξη γερασμένου πληθυσμού, η μεγάλη ανεργία και η σημαντική μείωση του βαθμού απασχόλησης αποτελούν σημαντικούς ανασταλτικούς παράγοντες για την ανάπτυξη του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού και η μεταστροφή του αρνητικού κλίματος θεωρείται αναγκαία, δεδομένου ότι το ανθρώπινο δυναμικό επηρεάζει τις παραγωγικές δυνατότητες της οικονομίας. Παρουσιάζονται στοιχεία για την Ελληνική αγορά εργασίας που αναδεικνύουν την ταυτόχρονη αύξηση της ανεργίας, την πτώση της οικονομικής δραστηριότητας, τη μείωση των αποδοχών και την κατακόρυφη πτώση των ξένων επενδύσεων.

Książka autorstwa specjalizującej się w socjologii ekonomicznej Barbary Gąciarz i socjologa polityki Jerzego Bartkowskiego jest ważnym głosem w dyskusji nad kształtem i oceną zarządzania publicznego w Polsce po 1999 roku. Publikacja koncentruje się na zjawisku oddziaływania instytucji samorządowych – restytuowanych ustawą o trójstopniowym podziale terytorialnym – na społeczności regionalne (województwa) i lokalne (powiaty, gminy; przy czym w nomenklaturze stosowane w pracy są to "społeczności subnarodowe"). Przedstawione uogólnienia bazują na wynikach dwóch projektów badawczych, ukazują wpływ aparatu samorządowego na sferę obywatelską (zaangażowanie obywateli w sprawy publiczne oraz formowanie się wspólnot lokalnych i regionalnych), wolnorynkową (klimat przedsiębiorczości, innowacyjność oraz konkurencyjność regionalnej gospodarki) i polityczną (rozwiązywanie problemów społeczno-gospodarczych, a także formowanie inteligentnych specjalizacji w poszczególnych województwach). ...

Unemployment has negative consequences on both physical and mental health, and it also has scarring effects. The current study analyzes these consequences through various models and theories, like Jahoda's model, the theory of social norms as well as the habituation effect. After a literature review, an empirical research is performed using data from Greece. The empirical analysis shows that unemployment is negatively associated with physical health and quality of life. This finding is consistent, and it affects all people, regardless of their employment status (unemployed, employed, out of labor force). Moreover, the results of this analysis indicate that the decline of physical health in the group of employed may not be connected with increasing unemployment rates, but rather with the persistence of high unemployment rates. This has important policy implications, and can be a starting point for future research.

In spite of the growing literature on prevalence and patterns of health care use in later life globally, studies have generally overlooked subjective standpoints of vulnerable Ghanaian older people obstructing the achievement of the United Nations’ health-related Sustainable Development Goals. We examined the prevalence and patterns of health care use among poor older people in the Atwima Nwabiagya District of Ghana. Cross-sectional data were obtained from an Aging, Health, Lifestyle and Health Services Survey conducted between June 1 and 20, 2018 ( N = 200). Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were carried out to estimate the differences between gender and health care utilization with significant level of less than or equal to 0.05. Whereas, 85% of the respondents utilized health care, females were higher utilizers (88% vs. 75%) but males significantly incurred higher health care expenditure. The majority utilized health services on monthly basis (38%) and consulted public health c...

COVID 19 coronavirus is one of the most contagious diseases in the history of the world. Therefore, this study was conducted to tackle the concern of creating preventive behavior among the public. The current study attempted to propose a hypothetical structural equation model to examine the connection among social networking sites, risk perception, protective measures, self-efficacy, and preventive behavior. The current empirical research was held in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The researcher used internet source to collect questionnaires. The study results specified that social networking sites and control variables have no positive significant and direct association with preventive behavior. The study found that social networking sites effect indirectly on preventive behavior through risk perception, protective measures, and self-efficacy. Risk perception, protective measures, and self-efficacy have an optimistic significant and direct relation with

The food shortage, the most visible consequence of the poverty and social exclusion phenomena, requires immediate, swift and urgent response. On the other hand, the food support under the Food Distribution Programme for the Most Deprived Persons of the Community reveals itself bureaucratically demanding, inflexible and with very specific timings. It is, therefore, the duty of the institutions of the Third Sector, as mediating institutions, to find strategies that allow them to meet the real needs of their beneficiaries and at the same time, meet the regulatory requirements for program implementation It's in this dialectical process that is the core of this research, which aims to explore what underlies the role of a mediator, to understand how the program is operated at a local level in accordance with the community guidelines but also the needs of beneficiaries. We try to understand if there are different logics of intervention according the nature of mediators and the type of human resources that perform them. This is an exploratory research based mostly on qualitative methodologies, but also use quantitative data, which aims to produce a more qualified caracterization of needs, and understand the know-how provider of a professional practice, entirely adequate to the reality in which it intervenes.

The subject of the article is the in-depth investigation of the child poverty and social exclusion in Greece from the children’s perspective. It presents data from an empirical child-centered research that took place in schools of poor neighborhoods of Athens, in which 432 students, aged 10-15
participated and the main research method was focus groups with triangulation via individual interviews, localized quantitative data and field observation. The research hopes to introduce the voice and perspective of children in the scientific discussion and policies for child poverty in Greece, which is dominated by adult views and statistics, leaving the real living conditions of poor children obscured. Children in the research focus on power inequality with adults as the main cause of their multiple exclusions experienced in poverty and highlight the issues of housing and spatial inequalities, abruption with childhood when forced to work in adult terms, of stigmatization and internalization of social exclusion that characterizes their social relationships.

Περίληψη
Αντικείμενο του άρθρου είναι η εις βάθος διερεύνηση της παιδικής φτώχειας και του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού στην Ελλάδα από την οπτική των παιδιών που τη βιώνουν. Παρουσιάζει δεδομένα εμπειρικής έρευνας της παιδοκεντρικής προσέγγισης στην οποία συμμετείχαν 432 μαθητές 10-15 ετών και πραγματοποιήθηκε σε σχολεία φτωχών γειτονιών της Αθήνας, με κύρια μέθοδο τα focus groups και τριγωνοποίηση με ατομικές συνεντεύξεις, τοπικοποιημένα ποσοτικά δεδομένα και παρατήρηση στο πεδίο. Η έρευνα προσδοκά να εισάγει τη φωνή και την οπτική των παιδιών στην επιστημονική συζήτηση και στις πολιτικές για τη παιδική φτώχεια στην Ελλάδα, η οποία κυριαρχείται
από ενήλικες θεωρήσεις και στατιστικά μεγέθη, αφήνοντας  συσκοτισμένες τις πραγματικές συνθήκες διαβίωσης των φτωχών παιδιών. Τα παιδιά στην έρευνα εστιάζουν στην ανισότητα δύναμης με τους ενήλικες ως κύρια αιτία των πολλαπλών αποκλεισμών που βιώνουν μέσα στη φτώχεια και αναδεικνύουν τα ζητήματα των στεγαστικών και χωρικών ανισοτήτων, της ρήξης με την παιδική ζωή όταν αναγκάζονται σε εργασία με ενήλικους όρους, του στίγματος της φτώχειας και της εσωτερίκευσης του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού που χαρακτηρίζει τις κοινωνικές τους σχέσεις.