Popularization of Science

"In January 2008 the world’s leading scientific journal, Nature, carried an editorial titled “Spread the Word: Evolution is a scientific fact, and every organization whose research depends on it should explain why”.  Speaking for the world of science, Nature publically established evolution as a fact, in black and white, and called on educators worldwide to teach it such.

This popular-science book will walk the reader through the evolutionary process, using plenty of real-world examples to make it crystal clear that evolution does indeed occur.

My focus is on dispelling the common conception of evolution as a sort of noun; a sort of ‘thing’ that produces finished life forms; a unified, intentional process with a kind of ‘itness’.

Rather, I show that evolution is a word we use to characterize the unintended consequences of three independent facts of the natural world; the fact that life forms come from parent generations (replication), the fact that offspring are not identical (variation), and the fact that not all offspring survive to pass their genes on to the next generation (selection).

With evolution characterized as the consequence of simple, observable natural processes, it can no longer be debated.

My previous popular-science title, "The Top Ten Myths About Evolution" (Prometheus 2006) has been endorsed by the National Center for Science Education, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and numerous well-regarded popular science writers including Ann Druyan, coauthor with Carl Sagan of the 'Cosmos' television series and several books. It is available in libraries and bookstores worldwide, has been translated into Italian, and is also available in a digital format.
"

Eduard Hölzels (1817-1885) Serie der Geographischen Charakterbilder ist ein einzigartiges Projekt an der Schnittstelle zwischen Kunst und Wissenschaft. Hochwertige Ölfarbendrucke nach künstlerischen Vorlagen zeigen ausgewählte geographische Gegenden aus aller Welt.
Am Beispiel dieser Serie sollen die komplexen Zusammenhänge zwischen Wissenschaft, Schulwesen, Museen und Kunst im 19. Jahrhunderts neu betrachtet werden. Hölzels Geographische Charakterbilder sind Zeugnis der Seh(n)sucht des 19. Jahrhunderts nach Bildern. Der rasante wissenschaftliche Fortschritt des 19. Jahrhunderts hatte ein „Defizit an Sichtbarkeit“ erzeugt (Althaus 2018), welches Museen, Schulen und auch Kunst-Verlage zu schließen trachteten.
Hölzels Idee, künstlerische Bildwelten mit wissenschaftlichem Inhalt für den Unterricht, aber auch als Wandschmuck für das bürgerliche Heim zu kreieren, wäre ohne die Einflüsse führender Experten wie jener des Geographie-Professors Friedrich Simony (1813-1896) und des Direktors des neuen Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien (NHMW), Ferdinand von Hochstetter (1829-1884), nicht möglich gewesen. Gerade das von Hochstetter als begehbares Lehrbuch geplante NHMW (Jovanovic-Kruspel & Hoffmann 2019) war für Hölzel mit Sicherheit ein wichtiges Referenz- und Inspirationsprojekt. Künstlerische und auch inhaltliche Überschneidungen zwischen Hölzels Bildserie und dem von Hochstetter geplanten Gemäldefries im NHMW legen nahe, dass hier ein reger Ideenaustausch stattfand. Die didaktisch konzipierten Bildwelten des Museums wirkten dank Hölzels Schulwandtafeln weit über den Besucherkreis des Museums hinaus. Sie erreichten nicht nur die Klassenzimmer des österreichischen Kaiserstaates, sondern auch das bürgerliche Wohnzimmer und prägten dadurch unterbewusst unser kollektives Bild der Welt.

Ludrová je obec bohatá na históriu a archeologické pamiatky, ktoré sú však značne opomenuté a pre laickú verejnosť nedostupné. Cieľom práce je kriticky zhodnotiť súčasný stav prezentácie pamiatok a koncipovať návrh na ich zveľadenie. Práca by mala tiež prispieť k zvýšeniu turistického záujmu v obci.

Грицевич Т.Л. Проповідник-популяризатор військової психології капелан Норман Коупленд та його книга «Психологія і солдат» // Людина і техніка у визначних битвах світових воєн XX століття: Збірник тез доповідей Міжнародної наукової конференції 15 - 17 червня 2017 року. - Львів: НАСВ, 2017. - С.122-124.

El artículo presenta un estudio de la trayectoria
académico‐profesional del médico argentino Germinal
Rodríguez, nacido en 1898 en Buenos Aires y fallecido en
la misma ciudad en 1960. Como planteamos, la vida
profesional de este médico higienista estuvo atravesada
por diferentes períodos históricos y procesos sociales y
políticos. En ese contexto, Rodríguez desarrolló una
carrera multifacética, abarcando no solo sus actividades
profesionales, sino también la divulgación sanitaria, la
política y la formación de visitadores sociales. Para
cumplir nuestro objetivo dialogamos con aquellos
trabajos históricos que se han concentrado en el análisis
de historias de vida de médicos argentinos, sin perder de
vista otras investigaciones sobre la historia de la salud y
la enfermedad.

Ainda existem áreas de floresta na região de Manaus que abrigam grande diversidade de plantas e animais nativos, incluindo 65 espécies de cobras que são apresentadas neste volume muito bem ilustrado. Guias como este são essenciais para naturalistas, conservacionistas e curiosos em geral. There are still forested areas in Manaus region, home to a great diversity of wildlife, including 65 species of snakes that are presented in this very well-illustrated volume. Guides such as this one are essential to naturalists, conservationists and the curious in general.

Emil du Bois-Reymond is the most important forgotten intellectual of the nineteenth century. In his own time (1818–1896) du Bois-Reymond grew famous in his native Germany and beyond for his groundbreaking research in neuroscience and his provocative addresses on politics and culture. My biography draws on personal papers, published writings, and contemporary responses to tell the story of this eminent physiologist. Du Bois-Reymond’s discovery of the electrical transmission of nerve signals, his innovations in laboratory instrumentation, and his reductionist methodology all helped lay the foundations of modern neuroscience.

In addition to describing the pioneering experiments that earned du Bois-Reymond a seat in the Prussian Academy of Sciences and a professorship at the University of Berlin, my book also recounts du Bois-Reymond’s family origins, private life, public service, and lasting influence. Du Bois-Reymond’s lectures made him a celebrity. In talks that touched on science, philosophy, history, and literature, he introduced Darwin to German students (triggering two days of debate in the Prussian parliament), asked on the eve of the Franco-Prussian War whether France had forfeited its right to exist, and proclaimed the mystery of consciousness, heralding the age of doubt. The first modern biography in any language, "Emil du Bois-Reymond" recovers an important chapter in the history of science, the history of ideas, and the history of Germany.

Hardcover
ISBN 978-0-262-01950-7
384 pages, 7 x 9 in, 15 b/w illustrations

Endorsements

“One of the intellectual children of Johannes Müller, along with Hermann von Helmholtz, Emil du Bois-Reymond pioneered electrophysiology, advanced a materialistic analysis of life, and rose to prominence as a political force in German science. He became an advocate of Darwinian theory, yet cautioned his colleagues: there were limitations to scientific knowledge, especially explanations of consciousness. Gabriel Finkelstein, utilizing many untapped archival sources, has reconstructed the accomplishments of du Bois-Reymond in fine and fluid detail. He places this extraordinary scientist and cultural arbiter within the context of the blistering disputes among German mandarins. Finkelstein has composed a model intellectual and cultural history of the last half of the nineteenth century.”

—Robert J. Richards, Morris Fishbein Distinguished Service Professor, University of Chicago

“Gabriel Finkelstein presents us with a beautifully written and thoroughly researched scholarly biography; a comprehensive account of the life, times, and impact of the great neurophysiologist Emil du Bois-Reymond. It fills a major gap in the historiography of late-nineteenth century biomedical science. The chapter on Goethe and Darwin shows the broad scope not only of Du Bois-Reymond’s intellectual abilities, but also Finkelstein’s.”

—Nicolaas Rupke, Johnson Professor of History, Washington and Lee University

“In writing this insightful, thoroughly researched biography of Emil du Bois-Reymond, Gabriel Finkelstein has done an immense service not just to historians of science but to anyone interested in nineteenth-century European culture. A first-rate historian and engaging storyteller, Finkelstein recreates the world of a brilliant, witty intellectual whose innovative experiments made modern neurophysiology possible. Finkelstein takes the reader through every aspect of du Bois-Reymond’s science: his self-designed instruments, his political battles, and his obstreperous frogs. In doing so, Finkelstein shows how politics (both national and academic) and the arts permeate science, and how science drives culture as an intellectual endeavor.”

—Laura Otis, Emory University

“In this wonderful biography of Emil du Bois-Reymond, among the most important if least heralded scientists of the nineteenth century, Gabriel Finkelstein evokes a past when science and public life went hand in hand and one man could create a scientific field. Bold, carefully etched, full of telling details rendered against a rich contextual background, Finkelstein’s beautifully written book makes compelling reading.”

—Helmut Walser Smith, Martha Rivers Ingram Professor of History, Vanderbilt University

Book of 497 pages [ISBN: 979-12-200-0644-6]  ----  Abstracts in English and in Italian -- Riassunti in inglese e in italiano:

ABSTRACT in English – The existence of this book is due to an initiative of the Rector (Vice-Chancellor) of the Bergamo state University, Stefano PALEARI, with the help of the local Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and a final contribution from INFN - Sezione di Milano.
      The first part of this volume contains popularization or semi-popularization articles.
More scientific, and necessarily more specialized or technical, papers follow.     
      For the tyranny of space, very many publications appear represented by their first page, of by their Abstract and Contents only.  This always happened, of course, for the mentioned books: we would have liked to be able to insert at least  extended presentations of them; as well as and the integral version of several articles, listed in part in the Preface [even if much material can be downloaded from the site www.unibg.it/recami  and/or from ResearchGate or from Academia. The author himself remains at your disposal, [email protected] ].
    The Contents of this volume appear at its beginning, and in the supplementary attached file.

RIASSUNTO in italiano --  L'esistenza di questo volume, di 497 pagine, è interamente dovuta al M.Rettore della Università degli studi di Bergamo, Stefano PALEARI, che ne ebbe la generosa idea e si è adoperato per realizzarla, seguendola fino alla pubblicazione del presente volume con l’ausilio del suo ufficio di Rettorato. L’iniziativa fu assecondata dal Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate e, nella fase finale, dalla Sezione di Milano dell'INFN.
    La prima parte del volume è divulgativa o semi-divulgativa.
Seguono poi scritti o articoli o libri più scientifici e necessariamente più "specializzati" o tecnici.
    Di moltissime pubblicazioni, per la tirannia dello spazio, abbiamo potuto inserire solo la prima pagina, o le pagine con riassunto e indice. Ciò è sempre avvenuto, di necessità, per i libri menzionati. Ci sarebbe piaciuto potere includere presentazioni estese dei volumi ai quali nel libro si accenna, e la versione integrale di svariati articoli, in parte elencati nella Prefazione del libro [benché quasi tutto ciò sia 'scaricabile' dal sito www.unibg.it/recami , e/o da ResearchGate e/o da Academia. Lo stesso autore resta volentieri a disposizione, [email protected] ].
      L’Indice del libro appare all’inizio dello stesso, e nel file supplementare pure allegato.
      [ISBN: 979-12-200-0644-6]

Research on Iberian culture has a long tradition in Catalan historiography and archaeology, with such outstanding figures as P. Bosch-Gimpera or J. Maluquer de Motes. Since the eighties, this research has undergone a major boost
from both the theoretical and methodological points of view, and it has also benefited from an increasing volume of data. The outcome is a solid and continuously shifting historical discourse that transcends mere description of the material culture and culture-historically based interpretations of the archaeological record. The Iberian culture also has an important place, through various means, in the Catalan programs of cultural diffusion.
Keywords
History of Catalonia, Historiography, Iberian culture, sociocultural evolution, dissemination of knowledge, popularization of knowledge.

h e m i s t ry a nd E n l i g h t e n m e nt in B r i t a in, 1760-1820, C a m b r i d ge: C a m b r i d ge U n i v e r s i ty P r e ss, 1992· R. Y eo, D e f n i ng S c i e n ce: W i l l i am W h e w e ll, N a t u r al K n o w l e d ge, a nd P u b l ic D e b a te in E ar ly V i c t o r i an B r i t a in, C a m b r i d ge: C a m b r i d ge U n i v e r s i ty P r e ss, 1993· R. C o o t er και S. P u m f r ey, 'S e p

Rozhovor pre Science.sk (6.7.2015), autorka: Zuzana Vítková. Článok je dostupný na: http://science.dennikn.sk/clanky-a-rozhovory/spolocnost-a-kultura/dejiny/5810-historicka-stereotypy-su-rovnake-stovky-rokov-aj-my-raz-budeme-ti-spinavi-a-zaostali

Interview with Science.sk (July 6, 2015), by Zuzana Vítková. Available at: http://science.dennikn.sk/clanky-a-rozhovory/spolocnost-a-kultura/dejiny/5810-historicka-stereotypy-su-rovnake-stovky-rokov-aj-my-raz-budeme-ti-spinavi-a-zaostali

SUMMARY This paper traces how media representations encouraged enthusiasts, youth, and skilled volunteers to participate actively in science and technology during the twentieth century. It assesses how distinctive discourses about scientific amateurs positioned them with respect to professionals in shifting political and cultural environments. In particular, the account assesses the seminal role of a periodical, Scientific American magazine, in shaping and championing an enduring vision of autonomous scientific enthusiasms. Between the 1920s and 1970s, editors Albert G. Ingalls and Clair L. Stong shepherded generations of adult 'amateur scientists'. Their columns and books popularized a vision of independent non-professional research that celebrated the frugal ingenuity and skills of inveterate tinkerers. Some of these attributes have found more recent expression in present-day 'maker culture'. The topic consequently is relevant to the historiography of scientific practice, science popularization and science education. Its focus on independent non-professionals highlights political dimensions of agency and autonomy that have often been implicit for such historical (and contemporary) actors. The paper argues that the Scientific American template of adult scientific amateurism contrasted with other representations: those promoted by earlier periodicals and by a science education organization, Science Service, and by the national demands for recruiting scientific labour during and after the Second World War. The evidence indicates that advocates of the alternative models had distinctive goals and adapted their narrative tactics to reach their intended audiences, which typically were conceived as young persons requiring instruction or mentoring. By contrast, the monthly Scientific American columns established a long-lived and stable image of the independent lay scientist.

Maraven, en cumplimiento de su responsabilidad social, siempre ha dado su apoyo y su aporte a todo lo que signifique promover y realizar acciones en una serie de campos del quehacer nacional, entre ellos al cultural y a la investigación científica. Es así como a partir del presente trabajo de investigación arqueológica, y en dos sucesivos, Tópicos dará a conocer a sus _ lectores, las interesantes investigaciones realizadas por los arqueólogos Mar lena y Andrzej Antczak, quienes hurgando en las entrañas de las tierras insulares de los Roques, han encontrado eslabones de la cadena de nuestros orígenes precolombinos.

45 2. Contenidos públicos básicos de especial dificultad 49 3. Cuestiones de nanociencia y la nanotecnología que más fácilmente pueden prestarse a ser mal comprendidas o malinterpretadas por el público 56 4. Beneficios y riesgos de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología 66 Conclusiones 71

Angebote der Wiener Volkshochschulen von ihren Anfängen
über die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus bis in die Gegenwart. In: Spurensuche. Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Erwachsenenbildung und Wissenschaftspopularisierung, 27. Jg., 2018, S. 124–154.

This article explores a scientific technology—mitochondrial analysis—that underlies contemporary technoscientific phenomena such as genetic ancestry tests, ethnic diversity projects, and national genome projects. The article focuses on the figure of “Mitochondrial Eve,” the most recent common matrilineal ancestor of modern humans, who lived in Africa a few hundred thousand years ago. Introduced by Rebecca Cann, Mark Stoneking, and Allan Wilson in 1987, Mitochondrial Eve became the object of an intense scientific and cultural debate, appearing in numerous journal articles and on the cover of Newsweek magazine, as well as in media commentaries on gender roles and popular culture. Through a critical reading of the press coverage of the mitochondrial debate between 1987 and 2000, this article explores an evolving set of cultural emotions, including hope, celebration, suspicion, and anxiety that shaped the idea of human ancestry during the debate. The article argues that the introduction of “Y-chromosome Adam” in 1995 marked a key shift in these affective negotiations, as it engendered a strictly heteronormative and symbolically white dynamic that rendered safe the feminist and multicultural potential suggested in early commentaries. The article concludes by considering how the affective politics of the mitochondrial debate inform the affective politics of today’s biotechnologies.

In contrast to the high number of museums and exhibitions for cave study worldwide, the role of musealization in speleology is yet poorly examined, neither its historical aspect nor its epistemological or social implications. The musealization of this comparatively unknown field of research goes back to the beginning of the 20th century and had more than educational purposes. For the interested visitors, the exhibitions proved the prosperous development of speleology and communicated its economic and scientifi c benefi ts to the public. For the speleologists themselves, cave museums became the location of memorialization and identity. However, speleological museums mostly existed only for some years. In many cases, institutional and social conflicts that had an effect on the compilation of the museums' collections fi nally led to their incorporation in more established institutions. Manuscripts discussing the arrangement of exhibitions,objects of the collections and articles in museum communiques and historical speleological journals are used as sources and are analyzed regarding the content. Concerning other early attempts to establish permanent exhibitions in cave research and alpinism, the paper discusses the foundation of one of the first speleological museums worldwide in Linz (Upper Austria) in 1912 and its purpose to support the recognition of cave research as a systematic scientific discipline. Housed in a fortification tower on the mountain “Pöstlingberg” near Linz, the Exhibition consisted of several showrooms where models of caves, special equipment like a folding boat to cruise subterraneous rivers and an aquarium with living olms were presented. However, the Austrian Speleological Museum only existed for some years and was integrated in a new exhibition of the Museum Francisco-Carolinum in Linz in 1917.

The demanding promotion of university teachers is being taken advantage of by international publishers to develop a fast business, which is framed by supposedly fraudulent activities of apparently scientific magazines, but without impact indexes that some experts already qualify as "epidemic" (García-Puente, 2019) and "plague" (Silva, 2016). This research uses the client or mystery researcher technique (Morena, 2013) to respond to an intentional sample of the call for papers (CFP) sent to researchers between January and April 2020, with a previously published article, which was intentionally altered to appear to be a scientific article, but which violates the guidelines of originality and rigour: the order of the paragraphs is altered and translated into English with DeepL, without subsequent monitoring. During the study period, 98 PICs were received and 38 submissions were made. The results are eloquent: none has been rejected, and within an average of 6 days 16 publication acceptances are confirmed. In all cases, payment is requested in advance. The article identifies the profile of the journals, their recruitment strategies, the use of claims of: indexing, ethical standards and peer review and the naming strategies to simulate international prestige.

In the popular accounts of the new physics (i.e. relativity and quantum mechanics) by Fritjof Capra and Gary Zukav, the new physics is represented as fatally undermining the universal determinism associated with Newton and Laplace. This paper explores how different metaphors – anthropomorphic metaphors, metaphors of exploration and mapping, and metaphors of shadows – are used strategically by these writers to advance this characterisation of the new physics as indeterministic.

In today’s knowledge-based society, exploring the dynamics of communicating specialised contents to the lay public is an undoubtedly topical issue. However, popularization still remains a rather unexplored territory and recent contributions to the field seem to lack a consistent methodological orientation, with hesitations in terms of shared and codified definitions. The contributions to this volume constitute a step forward in the field of popularization studies. New scenarios have been explored with a view to providing shared theoretical and descriptive models from a linguistic perspective and investigating the way popularization is characterised and instantiated, also taking into account its intercultural dimension. The research methods and tools draw upon the analytical framework of discourse analysis, pragmatics, corpus linguistics and genre analysis.

In der heutigen Wissensgesellschaft sind die Mechanismen des Transfers von Fachwissen an Laien von großer Relevanz. Dennoch bleibt Popularisierung ein linguistisch noch relativ unbestimmtes und unerforschtes Phänomen. Ziel des Bandes ist deshalb, neue Perspektiven zu eröffnen und auf mögliche neue konsistente Modelle (sowohl theoretische als auch methodologische) hinzuweisen. Unterschiedliche Ansätze kommen dabei ins Spiel, u.a. Diskursanalyse, Rhetorik, Pragmatik, Korpuslinguistik und genre analysis.

Obwohl die österreichische Erwachsenenbildung, und hier vor allem die Volkshoch-schulen, eine nicht nur weit in das 19. Jahrhundert zurückreichende, sondern darüber-hinaus auch demokratie-und bildungsgeschichtlich ungemein facettenreiche Vergangen-heit aufweist, deren Bedeutung im Kontext der Österreichischen Moderne erst in den letzten Jahren in Ansätzen sichtbar wurde, war es um die historiografische Auseinander-setzung mit dieser vielgestaltigen kulturellen Vergangenheit jahrzehnte lang schlecht be-stellt: Bis Anfang der 1990er-Jahre existierten nur einige wenige verstreute Darstel lun-gen, 2 von historio grafischen Fach publikationen mit wissen schaftlichem Anspruch ganz zu schweigen. Und das, obwohl einzelne der traditionsreichen und international re-nommierten Volkshoch schulen Wiens zurzeit von Monarchie und Erster Republik ihre Vereinsarchive penibel hüteten und zusammenhielten, und diese glücklicherweise – wie zum Beispiel im Fall der Volkshochschule Ottakring oder der Wiener Urania – sowohl Austrofaschismus als auch Nationalsozialismus nahezu unbeschadet überdauerten. Viele der heute verfügbaren historischen Quellen der einzelnen Volksbildungs-institutionen wären unwiederbringlich verloren, hätten die damaligen Verantwortlichen nicht in geradezu vorbildlicher Weise Aufzeichnungen über ihre Bildungsaktivitäten geführt, kontinuierliches " Self-Monitoring " 3 betrieben und darauf geachtet, dass orga-ni sations interne Akten zusammengehalten und dauerhaft aufbewahrt werden. Nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges lagerten diese wertvollen Bestände aus der Frühzeit allerdings weiterhin in zum Teil nur wenig geeigneter Weise an dezentralen Un terbringungsorten, wobei eine Erschließung der Materialien ebenso ausblieb wie eine Fortführung der bisherigen Sammlung und Archivierung ein schlägigen Quellen-materials. So war es leider nicht zu verhindern, dass in den Jahrzehnten nach 1945 nach mehrfachem personellem Wechsel in den Leitungs funktionen der einzelnen Häuser viele Unterlagen, Schriftstücke, Protokolle, Programme, Fotografien et cetera für immer verloren gegangen sind. Grundsätzlich gilt, dass sich im Umgang mit der betriebseigenen Vergangenheit auch die Qualität und das Niveau der Organisations kultur zeigen, da ein Verlust von Unter-lagen und Akten, insbesondere in Zeiten zunehmender Konkurrenz und schwieriger

"Editorial Reviews
From Booklist
"Among the many topics that have galvanized the public in recent years, the debate over evolution versus intelligent design has generated an outpouring of heated rhetoric from both sides.

Terms such as "missing link," "natural selection," and "survival of the fittest" are glibly bandied about, yet these core ideas are seldom addressed with any degree of accuracy or understanding. In an effort to clarify prevailing misinterpretations and counteract misinformation relayed through the media, from the pulpit, or in the classroom, the authors have identified the 10 most common misconceptions about evolution. From "evolution is just a theory" to "man descended from monkeys," the inaccuracies behind each flawed statement are methodically exposed and carefully refuted, citing and expanding upon legitimate research through detailed annotations.

Passionate in their support of evolutionary science, the authors nonetheless adopt a straightforward and ecumenical approach, precisely distilling each hot-button issue to its cogent essence. The result is a meticulously researched and distinctly presented overview of a complex and contentious issue."

Carol Haggas
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved""

The discourse of news media in English has traditionally been an attractive and fruitful source of information for discourse analysts and corpus linguists. However, studies on science popularizations as a text type of newspaper discourse are still scarce. What we know often comes from contrastive analyses between scientific texts (typically academic research articles) and science popularizations from newspapers , and yet popularizations present features typically associated to newspaper discourse. The research presented here is a pilot study on how external sources of attribution are introduced in the text in popularizations from The Guardian. The presence of external sources of attribution has been scrutinized in relation to the thematisation of elements from the perspective of Systemic Functional Grammar . The identification of patterns of how attribution is introduced in this text type has provided insight of how information is constructed in science popularizations and the crucial role of attribution sources.

How can paintings transmit or even generate knowledge? Anita Hosseini examines this question in her study of the 18th century based on Jean-Siméon Chardin's painting "The Soap Bubbles".
By bringing together experimental culture, image genesis and image reception, Hosseini shows how the soap bubble as a symbol of vanitas also becomes a symbol of veritas. Chardin's pictorial worlds illustrate the discourses of their time of origin not only through the subject, but also through the technique of representation. This painting provides information about Newton's light and the theories of perception at the time. With "Eyes like Prisms" (Renou) Chardin divides the visible world into air and light, which he depicts. A perceptual aesthetic emerges from the aesthetic of painting, making this painting itself a field of experimentation within the reception.

Table of contents and introduction

Apresenta-se uma proposta de Ensino de Ciências a partir da linguagem das histórias em quadrinhos, materializada na criação da Oficina de “Educação de Ciências através de Histórias em Quadrinhos” – EDUHQ. Neste artigo, enfatizam-se os princípios gerais e específicos da Oficina, enraizados numa nova pedagogia de inspiração bachelardiana. Algumas justificativas referentes à atualidade da proposta podem ser encontradas a posteriori em alguns artigos da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação. A partir de material produzido
em Física, alguns exemplos da variedade de Tirinhas que podem ser desenvolvidas pelos alunos são apresentados.

Cet entretien avec Roland Lehoucq, astrophysicien et spécialiste de science-fiction notamment spatiale, aborde les différents types d'échanges qui se nouent entre les sciences, la littérature et le cinéma de science-fiction. Il questionne les usages et apports des travaux qui dans le domaine de l'art investiguent les futurs possibles. L'entretien aborde successivement la médiation scientifique, la fiction en littérature, la visualisation du cosmos possible : autant d'expériences de pensée qui peuvent faire l'objet d'un réinvestissement scientifique, d'autant que les sciences qui utilisent des formes fictionnelles, comme l'hypothèse ou la simulation, ne sont pas rétives à la notion. Au-delà, il s'agit d'interroger l'existence de formes de fusions culturelles, comme l'astroculture, qui permettent la coexistence de savoirs dont les finalités divergent : la science s'attache à élaborer des connaissances nouvelles fiables tandis que la science-fiction en questionne les enjeux métaphysiques, anthropologiques ou politiques. This interview with Roland Lehoucq, astrophysicist and specialist in science fiction, particularly space fiction, deals with the different types of exchanges existing between science, SF literature and cinema. It intends to question the uses and contributions of artworks that investigate possible futures. The interview evokes successively scientific mediation, fiction in literature, visualization of the possible cosmos, i.e. thought experiments that can be reinvested in science, all the more so as the sciences, which use fictional forms such as hypothesis or simulation, use the notion. Beyond these exchanges, one wonders whether there are forms of cultural fusion, such as astroculture, even if the objectives remain different. Science is committed to producing reliable new knowledge while SF questions its metaphysical, anthropological or political stakes.

Il contributo descrive i blog, i portali web e i gruppi di Facebook che si occupano di divulgazione della linguistica su internet, ne indica le caratteristiche peculiari e gli orientamenti teorico-ideologici e tenta di tipizzarli secondo tre parametri principali: le modalità di redazione, le piattaforme di origine dei contenuti e le modalità di interazione con gli altri utenti della rete. Dopo aver indicato alcuni problemi di cui soffre l’attuale pratica divulgativa linguistica, si propongono possibili novità e soluzioni per migliorarla.

Paperback edition: June 2017

"Since the early 1990s, evolutionary psychology has produced widely popular visions of modern men and women as driven by their prehistoric genes. In Gender, Sexuality and Reproduction in Evolutionary Narratives, Venla Oikkonen explores the rhetorical appeal of evolutionary psychology by viewing it as part of the Darwinian narrative tradition.

Refusing to start from the position of dismissing evolutionary psychology as simply reactionary or scientifically invalid, the book examines evolutionary psychologists’ investments in such contested concepts as teleology and variation. The book traces the emergence of evolutionary psychological narratives of gender, sexuality and reproduction, encompassing:

- Charles Darwin’s understanding of transformation and sexual difference
- Edward O. Wilson’s evolutionary mythology and the evolution-creationism controversy
- Richard Dawkins’ molecular agency and new imaging technologies
- the connections between adultery, infertility and homosexuality in adaptationist thought.

Through popular, literary and scientific texts, the book identifies both the imaginative potential and the structural weaknesses in evolutionary narratives, opening them up for feminist and queer revision. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of the humanities and social sciences, particularly in gender studies, cultural studies, literature, sexualities, and science and technology studies."

Cet article met en lumière le discours scientifique véhiculé par les médias en général et par les revues de vulgarisation en particulier. C'est une situation où l'information scientifique, notamment médicale n'est pas livrée simplement pour informer, mais pour ce qu'elle peut apporter à des questions sociales ou publiques non exclusivement scientifiques. À la suite d'une présentation brève des caractéristiques de ce discours, nous allons exposer quelques difficultés que pourrait poser la traduction de ses composantes vers la langue arabe, à savoir le discours imagé et la terminologie spécialisée.

Bilimi Halka Yayma Söyleminin Çevirisi: Çekicilik ve Bilimsellik Özet Bu makale, genellikle medya, özellikle de bilimi halka yayma amacı güden dergiler tarafından yönlendirilen bilimsel söylemi gün ışığına çıkartmaktadır. Bu durumda, bilimsel bilginin, özellikle de sağlık sektöründe, yalnızca bilgilendirme amaçlı değil, aynı zamanda da salt bilimsel olmayan toplumsal ve kamusal sorunlara da yanıt aranmaktadır. Bu söylemin özelliklerini kısa bir sunumla anlattıktan sonra, bahsettiğimiz bileşenlerin Arapçaya çeviride özellikle görsel söylem ve özel terimce açısından çıkartabileceği bazı zorlukları ortaya koyacağız.

In diesem Beitrag wird nach längerer Zeit erstmals wieder versucht, einen Überblick über die Errichtung von Volkshochschulbauten nach 1945 und die dafür vorgebrachten Begründungen zu geben. Es sind beachtliche Bemühungen um die optimale Gestaltung von Lernbedingungen festzustellen.

In this science popularization book, the author discusses how science reveals secrets of our world from the smallest particles of matter to the dark energy in our Universe, from the thermonuclear reaction in the Sun and Earth to the processes in our brains and how all these processes are related. He discusses what is time, why the future differs from the past, why the past influences the future, what is water, what is light, what is life, is the world only illusion, are we alone in our Universe? He discusses relations between the science and art, science and culture, science and ethics, and morality, science and faith, he discusses influence of the environment - chemical, electromagnetic and other, as well as of modern technologies on our life, and other important to our life phenomena of the surrounding world.

Comic books are among the most popular forms of literature, and usually the
reader easily assimilated them. All school levels and disciplines can
didactically use it. In matters relating to Natural History and Science, its use is
particularly interesting, since studies indicate that the assimilation of scientific
knowledge is most effective when it uses elements of everyday student life. An
analysis of Arachnophobia graphic novel (a novelization of the eponymous
movie) illustrates the use of comics in the classroom. The teacher can works
many biological concepts based on this magazine. Topics range from the more
specific, related to Zoology (hunting strategies, reproduction and life cycle in
arachnids, parental care, thanatosis) to general biological concepts
(hybridization, dispersal, colonialism, population control, predation), even
including such topics as Biodiversity, Taxonomy and Health Programs.

The article analyses main institutional and ideological features of the popularization of sciences in Central and Eastern Europe in 1950´s. Three societies established upon the Soviet model are analyzed: East-German Society for Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge (Gesellschaft zur Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Kenntnisse), Czechoslovak Society for Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge (Společnost pro šíření politických a vědeckých znalostí) and Polish Society for General Knowledge (Towarzystwo Wiedzy Powszechnej).