Physics of Radiotherapy

BNCT atau Boron Neutron Capture Therapy adalah salau satu jenis metode pengobatan kanker yang memanfaatkan radiasi neutron. Metode terapi BNCT sudah dilakukan di beberapa negara, seperti Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Finlandia, dan Taiwan. BNCT secara spesifik hanya menargetkan sel-sel kanker dengan sedikit sekali atau tidak sama sekali merusak sel-sel sehat, sehingga bisa menjadi alternatif pengobatan kanker di berbagai negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Teknologi radioterapi, atau terapi menggunakan radiasi partikel, sudah dipraktekan di Indonesia sejak lama. Tetapi belum ada uji klinis atau bahkan pengobatan menggunakan metode BNCT di Indonesia. Makalah ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk melihat apakan pengobatan BNCT cocok di Indonesia dan bagaimana perkembangannya di masa depan, Kesimpulan kami adalah BNCT bisa diterapkan di Indonesia tapi tidak untuk waktu yang dekat, karena dibutuhkan lebih banyak riset mengenai reaktor nuklir serta uji terhadap BNCT di Indonesia.

This was analytical study carried out to calculate the amount of radiation dose received by critical organ inside and outside
radiation field in external beam radiation therapy of breast cancer to evaluate unnecessary radiation hazard that may arise from it, and to extract the better precaution that should be done in order to manage the unacceptable doses. Conventional radiotherapy is the most method used to treat cancer in developing countries. This study was conducted in radiation and isotopes center of Khartoum (RICK) in December 2014, 85 patient was undergoing dose computation using pinnacle 3 treatment planning system which used to distribute and calculate the dose to point inside and outside radiation field limit for the lung and skin using central axis dose calculation parameters, the variable collected was isodose line at measurement points, %DD, separation SQR, age and the stage of disease. The mean dose was 3168.2±453.3cGy, 539.4±147.8cGy, 2914.167±629.13cGy for lung and skin respectively. This dose is considered significantly high
and may exceeding the tolerance of this organ which lead to increase radiation complication to the patient.

Abstract - Bolus is a material applied to the surface of a patient for purposes such as compensating irregular patient contour, negating skin sparing, extra attenuating and etc. Unfortunately, because of high cost of super Flab (standard bolus material) in some clinics wet gauze, wet towel or other materials are used as a substitute for superFlab bolus. In order to survey the function of different materials in dose distribution when used as bolus, TLD dosimetry was done on and under bolus materials (superFlab, wet gauze and wet towel) at different depths for 6 MV, 18 MV and ⁶⁰Co photon beams. TLD dosimetry showed that dose dis-tribution of various bolus substances are quite different in each energy. The results confirmed that using wet gauze or wet towel as a substitute for superFlab do not guarantee adequate dose to surface.

This was analytical study carried out to calculate the amount of radiation dose received by critical organ inside and outside radiation field in external beam radiation therapy of breast cancer to evaluate unnecessary radiation hazard that may arise from it, and to extract the better precaution that should be done in order to manage the unacceptable doses. Conventional radiotherapy is the most method used to treat cancer in developing countries. This study was conducted in radiation and isotopes center of Khartoum (RICK) in December 2014, 85 patient was undergoing dose computation using pinnacle 3 treatment planning system which used to distribute and calculate the dose to point inside and outside radiation field limit for the lung and skin using central axis dose calculation parameters, the variable collected was isodose line at measurement points, %DD, separation SQR, age and the stage of disease. The mean dose was 3168.2±453.3cGy, 539.4±147.8cGy, 2914.167±629.13cGy for lung and s...

Background: In radia􀆟on therapy, peripheral dose or the dose outside the
radiotherapy field, is important when anatomical structures with very low
dose tolerances are involved. One of these cri􀆟cal organs in pelvic irradia􀆟on
is tes􀆟s. The amount of radia􀆟on delivered to the testes in radiotherapy must
be kept as small as possible, consistent with the limit dose of this organ. The
threshold doses for temporary and permanent sterility are 0.15 Gy and 6‐8
Gy, respec􀆟vely. Therefore, in pelvic irradia􀆟on, protec􀆟ng tes􀆟s from these
doses and also sca􀆩ered radia􀆟on which could escalate tes􀆟s dose should be
considered. Materials and Methods: In order to determine the possibility of
using tes􀆟cular shield for high and low energies, TLD dosimetry was done on
phantom and 27 pa􀆟ents involved with bladder, rectum and prostate cancers.
Results: Dosimetric results showed that the ability of tes􀆟cular shield in
reducing testes absorbed dose is approximately the same (about 7 cGy) for
low and high energy photon beams. Conclusion: a tes􀆟cular shield with a
fixed thickness of 1.27cm can be used as tes􀆟s protec􀆟on for either high and
low energies.

Bolus is a material applied to the surface of a patient for purposes such as compensating irregular patient contour, negating skin sparing, extra attenuating and etc. Unfortunately, because of high cost of super Flab (standard bolus material) in some clinics wet gauze, wet towel or other materials are used as a substitute for superFlab bolus. In order to survey the function of different materials in dose distribution when used as bolus, TLD dosimetry was done on and under bolus materials (superFlab, wet gauze and wet towel) at different depths for 6 MV, 18 MV and ⁶⁰Co photon beams. TLD dosimetry showed that dose distribution of various bolus substances are quite different in each energy. The results confirmed that using wet gauze or wet towel as a substitute for superFlab do not guarantee adequate dose to surface.

Bolus is a material applied to the surface of a patient for purposes such as compensating irregular patient contour, negating skin sparing, extra attenuating and etc. Unfortunately, because of high cost of super Flab (standard bolus material) in some clinics wet gauze, wet towel or other materials are used as a substitute for superFlab bolus. In order to survey the function of different materials in dose distribution when used as bolus, TLD dosimetry was done on and under bolus materials (superFlab, wet gauze and wet towel) at different depths for 6 MV, 18 MV and ⁶⁰Co photon beams. TLD dosimetry showed that dose distribution of various bolus substances are quite different in each energy. The results confirmed that using wet gauze or wet towel as a substitute for superFlab do not guarantee adequate dose to surface.