Participatory Management

Thirteen years ago, PAYOPAYO Peasant School Network, an Indonesian community organizing network based in Sulawesi, facilitated Participatory Action Research (PAR) that eventually culminated in a creation of a common resource management regime around an irrigation system for agricultural use in Tompobulu, a village within a national park in upland South Sulawesi. This note from the field presents a reflection on collective action experiences of a community in building the commons in 2008 to 2009, and revisits the extent to which the commons has been managed, how management regimes changed over time, and how it survives as a commons today. The initial factors allowing for establishment of the commons, understood here as a social practice toward common goals, were a shared need for water (local needs & conditions), and the success to make use of the irrigation commons as a means to initiate other collective actions. Drawing from concerted engagement and analysis conducted in 2021, this...

revista de pesquisa em arquitetura e urbanismo iau-usp 2020_Dossiê Temático Natureza e Cidade / Nature et Ville Resumo O Programa Município VerdeAzul (MVA) interfere diretamente nos processos políticos e de gestão ambiental nos municípios do Estado de São Paulo, impulsionando avanços e/ou retrocessos em função de suas diretrizes. Neste artigo, busca-se saber em que medida o estímulo à incorporação do "princípio da gestão participativa" se materializa nos territórios e impulsiona a participação social efetiva nos processos de tomada de decisão, aprimorando os mecanismos de condução da gestão da arborização urbana. Esse artigo baseia-se em análise documental e no processo de observação participante no MVA Ciclo 2017. Palavras-chave: gestão participativa, arborização urbana, governança, justiça ambiental. Resumé Le Programe "Municipio VerdeAzul" a de réelles incidences sur les politiques environnementales menées par les municipalités de l'État de São Paulo, stimulant progrès et/ou reculs. Dans cet article, nous vérifions comment l'impulsion due à l'introduction du "principe de gestion participative" se concrétise dans les territoires et favorise la démocratie participative dans la prise de décision, en améliorant les mécanismes de gestion du boisement urbain. Nous mettons en évidence des stratégies possibles permettant l'accès à l'information, la qualification de la population dans la prise de décision et l'augmentation de la conscience environnementale. Il s'agit de renforcer la capacité collective de résolution des problèmes liés aux inégalités environnementales et aux conflits de gestion des espaces de nature en ville. Mots-clefs: gestion participative, boisement urbain, gouvernance, justice environnemental.

O Programa Município VerdeAzul (MVA) interfere diretamente nos processos políticos e de gestão ambiental nos municípios do Estado de São Paulo, impulsionando avanços e/ou retrocessos em função de suas diretrizes. Neste artigo, busca-se saber em que medida o estímulo à incorporação do “princípio da gestão participativa” se materializa nos territórios e impulsiona a participação social efetiva nos processos de tomada de decisão, aprimorando os mecanismos de condução da gestão da arborização urbana. Esse artigo baseia-se em análise documental e no processo de observação participante no MVA Ciclo 2017.

Stakeholder participation is viewed as critical in the current water sector reforms taking place in the Southern African region. In Zimbabwe, policies and legislation encourage stakeholder participation. A study was undertaken to determine the extent of stakeholder participation in water quality monitoring and surveillance at the operational level, and also to assess indigenous knowledge and practices in water quality monitoring. Two hundred and forty one questionnaires were administered in Mzingwane Catchment, the portion of the Limpopo Basin that falls within Zimbabwe. The focus was on small users in rural communities, whose experiences were captured using a questionnaire and focus group discussions. Extension workers, farmers and NGOs and relevant sector government ministries and departments were also interviewed and a number of workshops held. Results indicate that there is very limited stakeholder participation despite the presence of adequate supportive structures and organisations. For the Zimbabwe National Water Authority (ZINWA), stakeholders are the paying permit holders to whom feedback is given following analysis of samples. However, the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare generally only releases information to rural communities when it is deemed necessary for their welfare. There are no guidelines on how a dissatisfied member of the public can raise a complaint -although some stakeholders carry such complaints to Catchment Council meetings. With regard to water quality, the study revealed widespread use of indigenous knowledge and practice by communities. Such knowledge is based on smell, taste, colour and odour perceptions. Residents are generally more concerned about the physical parameters than the bacteriological quality of water. They are aware of what causes water pollution and the effects of pollution on human health, crops, animals and aquatic ecology. They have ways of preventing pollution and appropriate interventions to take when a source of water is polluted, such as boiling water for human consumption, laundry and bathing, or abandoning a water source in extreme cases. Stakeholder participation and ownership of resources needs to be encouraged through participatory planning, and integration between the three government departments (water, environment and health). Local knowledge systems could be integrated into the formal water quality monitoring systems, in order to complement the conventional monitoring networks.

Though many organizations have developed their own approaches in ensuring reliable decision making processes, not many have used technology to ensure effective participatory based decision making. This paper presents a model that incorporates reliable participatory based decision making practices and quality management indicators through strategic use of technology -an initiative of a faculty in a higher institution of learning. The model, called QuESt (Quality E-management System), integrates web-based technologies into an interconnected system to enable decision making by all stakeholders at multi levels of responsibility. Discussion in this paper is first focused on the bureaucracy and participatory models of decision making, then moves on to the research context, description of QuESt and discussion of the features and functions of the system. The paper concludes with an assessment of the potentialities of the system in taking an organisation's internal and external processes to the next level -using technology to ensure evidence based decision making, to interconnect staff roles and responsibilities and to use feedback to take appropriate action. Implications are drawn for knowledge advancement, policy making and practice.

This study refines the participatory management (PM) in agricultural extension education (AEE) by adopting a multidimensional approach. PM is a process where extension agent (EA) tries to provide a good situation for AEE and share significant degree of power with their farmers. The data were obtained from samples of 290 Iranian farmers in Torbat Heydarieh, Iran. Methodology was descriptive and correlation. There was directly and a statically significant relation between all of components of PM regarding in effective AEE. The PM is a panacea for improving the AEE. Findings confirm the application of PM for achieving suitable strategy to AEE.

Teamwork has become critical building blocks worldwide to accomplish organisational goals. Although many educational institutions in South Africa have taken the route of teamwork, attributes such as empowerment and accountability require critical reflection. Teamwork features prominently in the Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS) policy mandated by the Department of Education, to facilitate the provision of quality teaching and learning, and the continuing professional development of teachers. However, the implementation of the IQMS has met with serious challenges, including principals who lack leadership and managerial skills. Using individual and focus group interviews, we determined the perceptions of teachers and school management teams (SMTs) on how teacher teams are empowered to implement IQMS successfully. The findings revealed that hierarchical structures of secondary schools imposed severe threats to effectively implement the IQMS. The Staff Development Team (SDTs) lacked formal decision-making authority to execute management and leadership responsibilities because power rests mainly with the principal. Most principals in the Kathorus area use the "top-down," autocratic style of leadership instead of collegial and participatory approaches. A model emanated from the study illustrating how teacher teams can be empowered to implement IQMS successfully in secondary schools

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This study aimed to investigate the degree of Gaza governorates' secondary school principals' practice of participatory leadership skills and to develop a proposal for the development of these skills using the descriptive-analytical approach. The study population consisted of all secondary school teachers in the Gaza governorates during the scholastic year . The study sample was (470) male and female teachers, who represented (10.24%) of the study population. The questionnaire was used as the study tool to measure the degree of Gaza governorates' secondary school principals' practice of participatory leadership from the viewpoint of their teachers. The questionnaire consisted of ( ) items distributed into (3) domains: (human relations, principals' involvement of teachers in leadership tasks, and delegation of authority). The researcher used the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) to analyze the study sample's responses. The study main findings were as follows:

Despite decades of promotion, efforts to encourage participatory irrigation management often falter. Nowhere is this more true that on the island of Java, Indonesia where multiple programmes and millions of dollars have resulted in few effective water user associations. Even so, pockets of participatory success exist. We present findings from one locally developed water user association training programme found in Yogyakarta, Indonesia that has experienced relative success in encouraging farmer participation. We then derive policy lessons from this case. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The objective of this paper is to reflect on our experience in a serious game research project, named SimParc, about multi-agent support for participatory management of protected areas for biodiversity conservation and social inclusion. Our project has a clear filiation with the MAS-RPG methodology developed by the ComMod action-research community, where multi-agent simulation (MAS) computes the dynamics of the resources and role-playing game (RPG) represents the actions and dialogue between stakeholders about the resources. We have explored some specific directions, such as: dialogue support for negotiation; argumentation-based decision making and its explanation; technical assistance to the players based on viability modeling. In our project, multi-agent based simulation focuses on the negotiation process itself, performed by human players and some artificial participants/agents, rather than on the simulation of the resources dynamics. Meanwhile, we have also reintroduced the mode...

Dans cet article, nous presentons notre projet de recherche qui vise a un soutien informatise a la prise de decisions en matiere de gestion collective participative des aires protegees. Ce projet consiste en un assistant pour la negociation permettant aux utilisateurs la formulation d'un projet coherent, compatible avec ceux des autres utilisateurs, et facilitant la recherche de compromis. Nous proposons d'utiliser les concepts et outils de la theorie mathematique de la viabilite et nous illustrons notre approche avec un modele de parc marin.

Competitive intelligence is a process carried out by the institution to acquire, process, and distribute information related to competition and market. Its importance lies in the information and the knowledge collected by the organisation about its competitors. This study aims to determine the nature of the relationship between competitive intelligence and participatory management. We used a random sample of employees in the Directorate of Youth and Sports Foundation-Tebessa, Estimated at 40 employees, and to collect data, we used the questionnaire and analyzed it through the statistical program SPSS. We found that competitive intelligence provides information and data about the organisation's external environment and keeps it abreast of development, prosperity, and growth. It has an effective role in the process of evaluating competitors and thus reduces competitive surprises. The importance of participatory management lies in allowing employees to develop their skills and talents by facing the management's problems.

play a critical role in food systems, they face constraints and limitations related to resource rights and decisionmaking, gender-based violence, and increased vulnerability to food insecurity, as well as unequal burdens providing food for the family (FAO and University of Wollongong 2023). Research shows that gender inequalities are both a cause and outcome of unjust food systems, and improving gender equality should be a key goal towards sustainable food systems (Njuki et al. 2022). At the same time, policy and scholarship on the role of traditional food systems for Pacific food system change exhibits gender-blindness and gender bias (FAO and University of Wollongong 2023), particularly related to small-scale and low-value fisheries (Mangubhai and Lawless 2021). This is evident both in how women's roles within food provisioning on land and sea are under-examined, as well as the bias in food system research which sidelines indigenous subsistence practices in the global South (Belton and Bush 2014; Barclay et al. 2021; Lemke and Delormier 2017; Turner et al. 2022).

This study examines parent-school collaboration in primary schools. School administrators, teachers, and parents are the stakeholders of the school, together with the students. Coordinated and harmonious work by all stakeholders increases the success of the school. The family plays an important role in raising a child, and the importance of collaboration between school and family is increasing day by day. Therefore, we expect parents to collaborate with teachers and school administrators in this process. The sample consists of 336 primary school parents randomly selected from 4 schools in Edirne, Turkey. We used the "parent-school collaboration scale" to collect research data. The scale contains 30 items and 5 subscales. ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was used in the analysis of the data, and in cases where the difference between population means was significant, LSD (the least significant difference) test statistical techniques were used to determine the source of the difference. Interdimensional relationships were determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient technique. There is a recursive relationship between the parents' collaborative attitude and their communication with the school. If the level of communication between parents and other stakeholders in the school increases, the attitude towards collaboration with the school will also be more positive. According to the research findings, the importance of parents sharing information about their children is emerging.

Providing a Model for Improving the Students' Satisfaction from Governmental and Non-Governmental Universities Seyed Mahdi Moafi Madani, Reza Shaban Nejhad Khas, Nadergholi Ghourchian Afsaneh Zamani Moghaddam 1. Ph.D. Student of higher education Administration, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2. Department of Educational Management, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran 3. Department of Higher Education Administration, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 4. Department of Higher Education Administration, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

The history of dam construction in Zimbabwe dates back to the 1920s and since then over 7,000 small dams have been constructed countrywide. Small dams are multipurpose structures used for improving rural livelihoods. The multipurpose nature of these dams has largely gone unquantified in terms of importance of the uses to the community and influence of management practises. The current study made use of a questionnaire among small dam users, key informant interviews, secondary data and observation on four communal dams in the Limpopo basin to establish the uses, volume of water abstracted and water productivity for some uses and the interrelationship between various organisations and the community in the management of small dams. Uses on all dams in order of importance were livestock watering, domestic use, irrigation, fishing, brick making, and collection of reeds used for roofing. Livestock consume on average over 70% of water for consumptive uses. Water productivity in terms of yield per volume unit of water used ranged from 0.025 kg m −3 for vegetables to 7,575 kg m −3 for bricks, and monetary values per volume unit of water used were Z$ 389,434 m −3 for brick making and Z$ 1,874 m −3 for irrigation. Traditional leadership and the community are pivotal in the management of the small dams, with some organisations giving technical, financial and input assistance. The management and conservation of small dams needs to be well coordinated between the communities, NGOs and government if the full benefits of these national resources are to be realised in the long term.

Es el componente más relevante ya que es el que le da sentido y encuadre a la función de la escuela. Hace referencia al conjunto de propuestas y prácticas de enseñanza y de aprendizaje esenciales para alcanzar los objetivos que la institución pretende alcanzar y que exige la sociedad. Las propuestas se explicitan y formalizan a través de proyectos producidos

This scientific article investigates the relevance of School Management through: school management and pedagogical coordination in the context of the promotion of democratic management in educational institutions. Democratic management is an essential approach to establishing inclusive and effective educational environments, as well as being fundamental to promoting the active participation of all those involved in the educational process. In this article, we explore the role of these professionals in facilitating democratic management, identifying their responsibilities, challenges, and strategies to promote democratic participation in the school environment. We discuss how these professionals can positively influence decision-making, communication, and the construction of an inclusive and participatory school environment. In addition, we provide citations and references from academic studies to support our arguments.

The public spaces in Analco neighborhood in the historic center of Puebla show a lack of appropriation on the part of its users, are invaded by the informal commerce and the streets, gardens and pedestrian zones are in inadequate conditions, all of which contributes to their deterioration and insecurity. This article presents a proposal of a participatory management model that contributes to achieve the appropriation and humanization of public spaces and the historical, cultural and landscape heritage of the neighborhood. Understanding the logic of territorial problems implies an epistemological thought that, through a methodology based on action research, promotes the qualitative evaluation of the problem using successive approaches. By doing so, will be able to promote complex thinking and systemic approaches for the construction of knowledge and to understand the process of the neighborhood’s evolution where different interests and needs converge for the common well-being.

Enabling local community participation in management is a key to stop alarming degradation in the Miombo woodlands. This study examined the socioeconomic and ecological impact of participatory management practised in Bereku woodland, Babati district, Tanzania. Semi-structured questionnaire, focus group interview and field observation used for socioeconomic study. Random sampling was done to select 10 percent of the households for questionnaire interview. While ecological data was collected by systematic sampling using transects of circular plots with different radius. Within 5m radius all trees with dbh ≥ 4cm; within10 m radius all trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm and within 15 m radius all trees with dbh ≥ 20cm were identified and measured. The socioeconomic results revealed significant satisfaction with management (P<0.05) Chi-square of (14.49). Remarkable synergies at household's level were fuel wood, construction materials and environmental goods and services. At village level, strengthened institutions and revenue were outstanding. Ecological survey revealed 87 tree species in 37 families of 63 genera, Shannon index was higher, (3.8), Species diversity index (96). Importance Value Index showed Brachystegia microphylla (11.38), Brachystegia. speciformis (9.03) and Julbernardia globiflora (6.42) were the most important woodland tree species. Stocking was high (981 stems/ha), mean basal area (13.24m 2 /ha) but low mean volume (64.76 m 3 /ha). There is need to increase tangible benefits at household's level and more strengthening village institutions.

Research Reports IWMI's mission is to contribute to food security and poverty eradication by fostering sustainable increases in the productivity of water through better management of irrigation and other water uses in river basins. In serving this mission, IWMI concentrates on the integration of policies, technologies and management systems to achieve workable solutions to real problems-practical, relevant results in the field of irrigation and water resources. The publications in this series cover a wide range of subjects-from computer modeling to experience with water users associations-and vary in content from directly applicable research to more basic studies, on which applied work ultimately depends. Some research reports are narrowly focused, analytical, and detailed empirical studies; others are wide-ranging and synthetic overviews of generic problems. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI's own staff and Fellows, and by external reviewers. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (http://.www.cgiar.org/iwmi) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment.

The river system of Pamisos is located in the southwestern Peloponnese and more specifically in central Messenia. In its plains, with its rich cultural heritage and important archaeological sites and monuments (ancient Messeni, ancient Thuria, Temple of Pamisos, Sanctuary of Poseidon and the Early Bronze Age Megara in Akovitika etc.), almost half of the population of Messenia lives. Pamisos has been rightly identified as "the Nile of Messenia". In this paper, Pamisos is treated as a riverine cultural landscape. River landscapes are complex ecological and social systems that are important for the sustainable quality of human life. They provide drinking water, fertile, arable soils valuable for farming and food, and facilitate transport and trade, as well as contribute to the recreation of the populations and communities living in their area. Riverscapes also promote intangible aesthetic and spiritual values and, as cultural landscapes, they have evolved through a long history of human-nature interactions. They are considered 'cultural power factors that shape social and individual identities'. While the riverine cultural landscape of the Pamisos River is a palimpsest of cultural history and memory, offering multiple cultural and social benefits to the communities adjacent to it, its cultural management has not so far emerged in a unified, synthetic and participatory way, aiming to the sustainable development of it. The purpose of this paper is to present the cultural landscape of Pamisos river; to explore international best practices of sustainable management of riverine cultural landscapes that could be applied to the case of the cultural landscape of Pamisos, observing necessary adaptations; and, to make some initial suggestions on ways and incentives to motivate stakeholder groups to participate in the sustainable development of the Pamisos landscape, mitigating potential conflicts of interest.

-La croissance démographique et la forte monétarisation des marchés ont provoqué d'importantes mutations socioéconomiques et environnementales en Afrique centrale. Il en résulte une compétition accrue dans l'exploitation des ressources, entraînant des situations conflictuelles lourdes de conséquences. Face à cette situation, les Etats et plusieurs organismes de développement se sont mobilisés pour élaborer des schémas de gestion concertée en vue d'une gestion durable des ressources. L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser les gestions concertées conçues et animées dans cette zone. La méthode utilisée s'appuie sur la bibliographique et des entretiens individuels ou de groupe menés auprès des projets, d'organisations paysannes et de personnes ressources. L'approche participative en tant que méthodologie d'intervention en milieu rural est relativement récente en Afrique centrale. Elle s'inscrit dans le contexte de démocratisation, de décentralisation et de désengagement des Etats des secteurs de production. Bien qu'elles constituent une voie intéressante pour une plus grande implication des populations dans la gestion des ressources, les démarches participatives n'ont pas suffisamment pris en compte les besoins réels des acteurs et le rôle social et économique des ressources. Face à l'augmentation des compétitions et des conflits, les systèmes juridiques et traditionnels actuels se heurtent à des difficultés pour régler l'accès aux ressources. Pour qu'une gestion concertée soit opérationnelle et viable à long terme, sa reconnaissance juridique s'impose. Celle-ci doit se traduire par son adoption au niveau politique comme méthodologie d'intervention en milieu rural, permettant l'association active et responsable des populations dans la gestion des ressources naturelles.

Background Although multiple studies advocate the advantages of participatory research approaches for ethnoscience, few provide solid contributions from case studies that involve residents in all of the project phases. We present a case study of a participatory approach whose aim is to register ethnobotanical knowledge on the use of plants in two quilombola communities (maroon communities), an important biodiversity hotspot in the Atlantic Forest, Southeast Brazil. Our aim is to provide tools that will empower decision-making related to sustainable use and management among residents. Methods In phase I, the objectives and activities were defined in meetings with residents to carry out ethnobotanical surveys between two quilombola communities—the Quilombo da Fazenda (QF) and Quilombo do Cambury (QC). In phase II, we offered community partners training courses on how to collect plants and ethnobotanical data. In coordination with the university team and using ethnobotanical methods, c...

Purpose-In the last few years a new management style and paradigm has emerged with the aim of improving employee motivation, commitment and satisfaction through participatory management practices and more democratic organizational structures. Based on this new paradigm, this study examines the consequences of participative decision making for job satisfaction and trust. Design/methodology/approach-To examine the proposed relationships structural equation modelling was used on a sample of 3,364 employees conducted by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound). Findings-Results confirm that participative decisions positively influence job satisfaction both directly and indirectly by means of employees' perception of trust. Originality/value-Based on democratic management style, this study shows how participative decisions and trust can increase job satisfaction.

Identifying the Dimensions of Innovative University to Presentation a Model (Case Study: Islamic Azad University) Robab jafarzadeh Ghadimi, Taraneh Enayati2, Mohammad Salehi 1. Department of Educational Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran 2. Department of Educational Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran 3. Department of Educational Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran

Many manufacturers have implemented a participative management to enhance the performance of employees because nowadays traditional "top down" approaches are unlikely to achieve the performance enhancement. Participative management addresses fundamental issues within organization and the role of employees and external stakeholders in all levels of organizational decision making. It helps to let manager deal with the employee in contribute towards organizational performance. The implementation of participative management by apply strong engagement relationship among organization's members, worker empowerment and participative in decision making heading toward enhancing organizational performance. Besides that, participative management plays a vital role in employee development in an organization. Formal patterns of participation need to be truly implemented where employees have a right to contribute on all levels of decision making. Thus, paper discuss regarding the factors influence towards organization performance by applying elements in participative management such as empowerment, engaging employee relationship and collective decision-making.

Many manufacturers have implemented a participative management to enhance the performance of employees because nowadays traditional "top down" approaches are unlikely to achieve the performance enhancement. Participative management addresses fundamental issues within organization and the role of employees and external stakeholders in all levels of organizational decision making. It helps to let manager deal with the employee in contribute towards organizational performance. The implementation of participative management by apply strong engagement relationship among organization's members, worker empowerment and participative in decision making heading toward enhancing organizational performance. Besides that, participative management plays a vital role in employee development in an organization. Formal patterns of participation need to be truly implemented where employees have a right to contribute on all levels of decision making. Thus, paper discuss regarding the factors influence towards organization performance by applying elements in participative management such as empowerment, engaging employee relationship and collective decision-making.

This study relates to the management of recreation and tourism in protected areas (PAs) and reflects a case study developed in the Natural Park of Serras de Aire e Candeeiros. Through the perceptions of stakeholders, the objective was to contribute to the definition of this PA destination's image. Mixed methods were used, employing the triangulation of data and samples. We found a connection between tangible and intangible factors in the Natural Park of Serras de Aire e Candeeiros image, as well as the main factors that characterize this PA. We advocate that a more complete understanding of stakeholder profiles is an important aspect beyond processual features in defining destination image.

The purpose of this study was to analyze how the formation of interorganizational networks helps in the provision services of an institution of the Third sector. The research method used was exploratory and descriptive, being the latter represented by a case study. Furthermore, the research were used in bibliographical and documentary sources, besides the techniques of observation and in-depth interview. At the end of this research found up the benefits arising from the formation of inter and cross-sector network for the operations of this institution. It is noteworthy that it has increased the number of children and adolescents from 40 to 514. Moreover, there has been the use of social capital available in the network in order to improve the quality of services provided. This was made possible by its high absorptive capacity, which can be justified by the global view of resources and local action on problems.

Rationale for community-based inventories. 3.4.1 Forest land in developing countries is increasingly being brought under community management under programs such as Joint Forest Management, Community-based Forest Management, Collaborative Management, etc., more generally called Community Forest Management (CFM). This movement has been stimulated by the recognition in many countries that Forest Departments (FD), which are nominally responsible for management of state-owned forest, do not have the resources to carry out this task effectively. Rural people, whose livelihoods are supplemented by, or even dependent on, a variety of forest products such as firewood and fodder, foods and medicines, have the potential knowledge and human resources to provide effective management capacity to take care of the forest resources when the FD cannot. These actors are not only forest peoples with indigenous entitlements or customary rights to the forest lands, but countless rural communities adjacent to forest areas with accumulated knowledge of them. The UNFCCC recognizes the special position that 'indigenous and forest peoples' have in REDD+, having repeatedly called for the full and effective participation of indigenous peoples and local communities in REDD+ since the first decision on REDD+ was made by the COP at its 13th session in Bali, December 2007. The interpretation of full and effective is left to the individual countries implementing REDD+, but specific reference to monitoring and reporting is made in paragraph 3 of Decision 4/CP.15. In paragraph 72 of Decision 1/CP.16 countries are requested when developing and implementing their national strategies or action plans, to address, inter alia, the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, land tenure issues, forest governance issues, gender considerations and the safeguards […], ensuring the full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders, inter alia indigenous peoples and local communities. This issue is referred to directly in one of the safeguards. Developing countries implementing REDD+ therefore have to promote and support (paragraph 2 of Appendix I) this participation and provide information on how this is addressed and respected (paragraph 71(d)). There is increasing evidence that communities can be effectively engaged in different aspects of monitoring (Box 3.4.1; Danielsen et al. 2011; Larrazabal et al. 2012; Hawthorne & Boissière 2014). One component of CFM is to mitigate the over-exploitation which leads to degradation and loss of biomass. The CFM approach is to establish formal systems between communities and FDs in which, usually, communities receive a legalized right to controlled use of forest products from a given parcel of forest, and in return formally agree to protect the forest and manage it collectively. Different approaches to CFM are found in different countries. In Nepal and Tanzania, most of the forest parcels are relatively small, from 25 to 500 hectares, being managed by groups of 10 to 100 households on the basis of agreed off-take of firewood, fodder etc. In Mexico, forest areas may be from 300 to 15,000 hectares and are sometimes managed for timber. In the Amazon, much larger areas may be restituted to indigenous groups, and managed essentially for conservation. The conditions may vary widely-in Mexico for example, the majority of the forest area is legal property of communities, while in most African countries it is the property of the state.

One of the challenges faced by any organization is ensuring acceptable and reliable decision making processes. Though many organizations have developed their own approaches to address these issues not many have used technology to ensure effective participatory based decision making. This paper argues for and presents a model that incorporates reliable participatory based decision making practices and quality management indicators through strategic use of technology. The e-management system is an initiative of a faculty in a higher institution of learning. The paper describes and assesses a model called QuESt (Quality E-management System). QuESt integrates web-based technologies into an interconnected system to enable decision making by all stakeholders at multi levels of responsibility. Discussion is first focused on the bureaucracy and participatory models of decision making, then moves on to the research context, description of QuESt and discussion of the features and functions of the system. The paper concludes with an assessment of the potentialities of the system in taking an organisation's internal and external processes to the next level-using technology to ensure evidence based decision making, to interconnect staff roles and responsibilities and to use feedback to take appropriate action.

Community forestry and participatory forest policies such as Joint Forest Management and Ecodevelopment in India have been largely studied. This paper proposes to investigate the same public policies not only with a deep attention to the complexity of forest practices and representations but also from a particular theoretical lense: the strategic approches developed by the Sociology of Organized Action and the Strategic Environmental Management Analysis. An in-depth study of two types of management committees called Ecodevelopement Committee (EDC) and Village Forest Committee (VFC), in a forest-fringe village of Kodagu district in the Western Ghats, was carried out to understand how the ruling principles of such participative natural resources management schemes were translated into field realities. The application of the theoretical frameworks mentioned enabled us to outline the effective systems of action developed inside and around both committees. A first assessment of the actio...

Este artículo analiza las experiencias de los pobladores del Ejido La Nubes, municipio de Maravilla Tenejapa en un proyecto de ecoturismo llamado Causas Verdes. Los resultados muestran el nada fácil esfuerzo que ellos hacen desde años atrás, con poca relevancia en el aspecto financiero, pero de solidez en la toma de decisiones, en las innovaciones desde lo organizativo, en la capacidad de agencia para la permanencia del proyecto y la conservación de los recursos naturales. Las decisiones sobre el proyecto conllevan una posición no sólo instrumental, sino normativa, con carácter participativo y de consenso. Nada extraño resulta que este proceso ha generado aprendizaje social entre los pobladores y nuevos mecanismo de trabajo colectivo. Esta línea de investigación fue realizada desde un enfoque cualitativo-cuantitativo.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compartilhar as vivências no Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP) em tempos de pandemia. As escolas-campo envolvidas ficam localizadas no município de Rio Branco, estado do Acre, sendo duas escolas públicas estaduais e um campus do Instituto Federal do Acre – IFAC. A amostra é composta de três professores preceptores das escolas-campo, 24 alunos residentes bolsistas e 6 voluntários. A base teórica guia-se sob a luz do pensamento de Bachelard (1996), Pimenta e Lima (2004), Nóvoa (1992), Tardif (2010), Garcia (2020), dentre outros. A análise segue os caminhos metodológicos da dialética (SÁNCHEZ GAMBOA, 1998) e da pesquisa qualitativa. A pesquisa bibliográfica é não sistemática/pesquisa narrativa e selecionada com base nas questões levantadas durante a discussão apresentada. Descreve-se as ações desenvolvidas em cada Módulo do Programa, proporcionando compreensão do processo vivenciado neste momento onde as incertezas e o medo se faziam presentes diariame...

This study examines parent-school collaboration in primary schools. School administrators, teachers, and parents are the stakeholders of the school, together with the students. Coordinated and harmonious work by all stakeholders increases the success of the school. The family plays an important role in raising a child, and the importance of collaboration between school and family is increasing day by day. Therefore, we expect parents to collaborate with teachers and school administrators in this process. The sample consists of 336 primary school parents randomly selected from 4 schools in Edirne, Turkey. We used the "parent-school collaboration scale" to collect research data. The scale contains 30 items and 5 subscales. ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was used in the analysis of the data, and in cases where the difference between population means was significant, LSD (the least significant difference) test statistical techniques were used to determine the source of the difference. Interdimensional relationships were determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient technique. There is a recursive relationship between the parents' collaborative attitude and their communication with the school. If the level of communication between parents and other stakeholders in the school increases, the attitude towards collaboration with the school will also be more positive. According to the research findings, the importance of parents sharing information about their children is emerging.

Ecological restoration is a suitable tool to revert the decline in the provision of ecosystem services in semiarid areas. Stakeholder opinion has been increasingly incorporated in ecological restoration strategies. However, the debate still exists whether the opinion of scientists and managers should be integrated together with that of local stakeholders in the decision making process. We assessed the restoration priorities in a semiarid area in North Morocco according to the opinion of 67 stakeholders, including scientists and managers, direct users and collaborators. The questions consisted in (i) ranking five categories of services in addition to economic benefits, and in (ii) comparing pairs of services within each category. We checked for both cardinal and ordinal inconsistency. The results showed an overall consensus about regulating and supporting services as the most valuable categories. More specifically, the most important services were erosion and flood control, soil fertility, water supply and species richness. The accuracy of the responses of the three groups was similar as the consistency for their judgments was not significantly different. Our results bring additional proof that the opinion of scientists, managers and local stakeholders should be considered of similar interest and accuracy when defining the most suitable restoration objectives.

Community-based natural resources management (CBNRM) was introduced in Benin in the early 1990s. Because of the initially positive results, the Forest Department decided to continue and scale up this participatory approach to all Benin's protected areas. Focusing on the relationships between the actors involved, this paper seeks to explain the dynamics of the participatory management process in the Ouémé Supérieur and N'Dali forests in Northern Benin. The analysis is based on data gathered from interviews with the different actors involved. The study shows that social cohesion between people involved in CBNRM, the Forest Rangers and local communities was built at the beginning of the process, but then disappeared and was followed by conflict. Stakeholders interpreted and made sense of formally declared participatory management rules (formal institutions) and gradually developed informal relationships, rules and routines (informal institutions) that facilitated the collaboration process and resulted in social cohesion. Conflicts and distrust emerged when replacement CBNRM officers did not respect the informal rules of conduct. The case shows that it is the state of informal rules and relationships that determines the success of a collaborative process rather than formally declared institutions; hence this should be recognized.

Objective: to analyze the outcomes of participatory planning and quality assessment of the nursing care provided in a hospital ward using a nursing management technology. Method: Convergent care research focuses on research and practice intervention, developed in a hospital in southern Brazil from April to August 2016. Participatory planning and quality evaluation was performed using the PRAXIS® technology. Results: In the participatory planning, a survey of needs/problems was carried out by 33 professionals followed by 5 workshops, where mission, guiding principles, 4 priority problems, expected results, objectives and plans of activities were defined. For quality evaluation, two indicators were used: satisfaction and notification of adverse events. The evaluation was carried out with 101 patients and /or relatives, predominating “great or good”. Adverse events, 28 records, predominating medication errors. Conclusion: Participatory planning and quality assessment are essential to i...

Conserving the natural resources results in improved agricultural productivity which is a key driver for poverty reduction in rural areas. To empower the women and to enhance their socioeconomic status for better livelihoods, Self-Help Groups (SHG) were formed by both the Government Organizations (GO) and Non-Government Organizations (NGO). They facilitated the participation of women through various means in Natural Resource Management (NRM) activities. To find out the distribution of the women groups in different stages of NRM activities and to analyze the influence of profile, supportive, structural and functional characteristics on participatory management in NRM activities, an ex-post facto study was conducted in Telangana, Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions among 240 SHGs. The study revealed that majority of the women respondents had medium level of 'total participatory management' followed by high level and low level.

AS UNIDADES de conservação ainda são um dos instrumentos mais eficientes na promoção da proteção e conservação da biodiversidade na Amazônia. As unidades de uso sustentável têm se mostrado cada vez mais importantes no cenário atual. Dentre os modelos propostos hoje para criação e gestão destas unidades, o Modelo de Reservas de Desenvolvimento Sustentável mostra-se viável e bastante bem-sucedido. Neste trabalho são apresentados os aspectos mais centrais da formulação deste modelo e exemplos oriundos do seu principal representante, a Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (RDSM), além de considerações acerca do sucesso e validação desse modelo por meio de sua replicação para outras áreas na Amazônia.

La declaración de Espacios Naturales Protegidos ha producido con frecuencia conflictos con las poblaciones locales en la gestión de la conservación de la naturaleza. En respuesta a esta realidad han surgido nuevos métodos y estrategias que buscan una mejor integración de la componente social en las áreas protegidas. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una Encuesta Socio-Ambiental (ESA) realizada durante la elaboración de una propuesta de Espacio Natural Protegido para la Red de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Andalucía en la campiña agrícola del Subbético, entre las provincias de Sevilla y Cádiz (sur de España). A partir de los datos obtenidos se propone y discute la aplicación de la figura de Paisaje Protegido (tipo Categoría V de UICN) asociada a un modelo de gestión participativa abierta.

Les Primates non-humains sont observés dans les milieux périurbains sans protection, où leur survie est menacée, notamment à cause de l’urbanisation galopante qui réduit l’habitat et la disponibilité alimentaire. C’est le cas d’une population de Mones de Lowe, espèce vulnérable selon l’Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature, localisée dans la forêt de l’Université NANGUI ABROGOUA (UNA), à Abidjan en Côte d’Ivoire. Le présent travail a pour but d’approfondir les connaissances sur les principales menaces qui pèsent sur cette population de Primates isolée dans cette forêt de 10 hectares bordée de plantations expérimentales et familiales. Un suivi journalier des Mones en utilisant la méthode d’observation par balayage régulier des groupes et les observations Ad libitum d’événements rares a permis de noter les indices directs d&#39;agression sur les Mones et leur habitat pendant 24 mois, en 2018 et 2019. L’identification des indices indirects s’est basée sur des interview...