PVC

Este trabalho teve como propósito avaliar um aquecedor solar de baixo custo para que pudesse servir como método alternativo na obtenção de água quente nas torneiras e chuveiros das residências e ainda reduzir custos com energia elétrica. Diferente do aquecedor convencional de cobre e vidro, o aquecedor solar de baixo custo tem seu sistema basicamente inteiro de PVC o que o torna financeiramente mais viável e sua instalação muito mais econômica, chegando a ser até 5 vezes mais barata. Contudo, durante 1 (um) ano observou-se o comportamento deste e de vários coletores quanto à eficiência de absorção solar e geração de água quente para a Região Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. De início, com base em estudos anteriores, foi desenvolvido um protótipo e coletada diversas medidas da temperatura da água. Assim pode-se deduzir um máximo rendimento para o material, PVC, já que em elevada temperatura poderia levá-lo a uma possível deformação, e, até não aquecer a água na temperatura adequada caso houvesse pouca absorção de radiação solar. Os dados coletados serviram para dimensionar o sistema coletor/reservatório, e assim foram coletados valores de inclinação, temperatura e armazenamento de água aproximados do rendimento máximo. Após os dimensionamentos e a coleta de novos dados, constatou-se um ótimo rendimento do sistema, que alcançou ganho médio de 14°C, com coletor operando com inclinação de 30°, concluindo sua viabilidade na região devido à alta incidência de radiação solar.

This study examines the possibility of replacing partially or totally the di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP – low molecular plasticizer) from the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compositions intended for medical devices, with poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL – biodegradable, biocompatible, and macromolecular plasticizer). Nine different plasticized PVC (PVC-P) compositions are analyzed from the viewpoint of thermal and mechanical properties, plasticizer loss, and extraction behavior in different medical media. After comparing the experimental results with the data from the literature, corresponding to traditional PVC-P, it can be concluded that the PCL and even PCL–DEHP mixture behave as better plasticizers for PVC, providing a lower extraction risk and similar or even improved thermal and mechanical properties.

Rusu, M., Ursu, M., & Rusu, D. (2006). Poly(vinyl chloride) and Poly(e-caprolactone) Blends for Medical Use. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 19(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705706056463

The extraordinary growth in the use of plastics in the last century is in response to a growing world population, with its increasing demands for more food, better health care, improved housing and numerous cheaper and abundant consumer products. What is expected of the chemical industry in the 21st century is to produce plastics while being aware of the environment, by reducing waste production, reducing the consumption of materials, reducing the demand for energy, reducing the use of non-renewable resources, and reducing risks, hazards and costs. Use of polymer blends and composites provides a very versatile strategy for designing new materials that fulfil these 'green' requirements: Lower costs without sacrificing properties Ability to tailor properties without creation of completely new polymer High performance blend from synergistically interacting polymers Recycling industrial and/or municipal scrap

Poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane) [PVC/PCL/(PCL-b-PDMS)] blends were prepared by solvent casting from tetrahydrofuran. The content of PVC was kept constant (60 wt%); the PCL and PCL-b-PDMS contents were varied by replacing different amounts of PCL [0–20 wt% from the PVC/PCL (60/40) blend] with PCL-b-PDMS copolymer having different molecular weights of the PCL blocks. The thermal properties of prepared blends were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry in order to analyse miscibility (through glass transition temperature) and crystallinity. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses show that the PVC/PCL/PCL-b-PDMS blends are multi-phase materials which contain a PVC plasticized with PCL phase, a block copolymer PCL-b-PDMS phase (with crystalline and amorphous PCL and PDMS domains) and a PCL phase (preponderantly crystalline).

Resumen: El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo la recuperación del PVC proveniente de tarjetas plásticas de identificación. Inicialmente se caracterizaron las tarjetas mediante FTIR, DSC, TGA, dureza y ensayo traccióndeformación. En la obtención de un primer producto, a las tarjetas se les redujo su tamaño hasta Dp = 400 µm, luego al resultado se plastificó mediante DOP y DIBP, a dos concentraciones. El producto obtenido se caracterizó mediante DSC y ensayo tracción-deformación, el cual determinó una elongación a la rotura superior a 140 %. En la obtención de un segundo producto se empleó una disolución de las tarjetas, separación de cargas, plastificación, recuperación de solvente y un secado. Como solventes se emplearon el tetrahidrofurano y ciclohexanona, y como plastificantes el DOP y DIBP, a dos concentraciones. Este producto se caracterizó mediante FTIR, DSC, TGA, dureza y ensayo tracción-deformación, el cual determinó una elongación a la rotura superior a 500 %.

Abstract: This study aimed the recovering of PVC from plastic ID cards. Initially the cards were characterized by FTIR, DSC, TGA, hardness and tensile-strain properties. To obtain a first product, the cards were reduced in size to Dp = 400 µm. Then, they were plasticized with DOP and DIBP, at two concentrations. The product obtained was characterized by DSC and tensile-strain properties, where it was determined an elongation at break greater than 140 %. To obtain a second product, the process consisted in: dissolution of cards, fillers separation, mix with a plasticizer, solvent recovery and drying of the product. As solvents, tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexanone were used. As plasticizers, DOP and DIBP at two concentrations were used. This second product was characterized by FTIR, DSC, TGA, hardness and tensile-strain properties, where it was determined an elongation at break greater than 500 %.

This study examines the possibility of replacing partially or totally the di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP -low molecular plasticizer) from the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compositions intended for medical devices, with poly("-caprolactone) (PCL -biodegradable, biocompatible, and macromolecular plasticizer). Nine different plasticized PVC (PVC-P) compositions are analyzed from the viewpoint of thermal and mechanical properties, plasticizer loss, and extraction behavior in different medical media. After comparing the experimental results with the data from the literature, corresponding to traditional PVC-P, it can be concluded that the PCL and even PCL-DEHP mixture behave as better plasticizers for PVC, providing a lower extraction risk and similar or even improved thermal and mechanical properties.