OC

The development of new materials shows the immense growth but the major problem, it is very difficult to machine the newly developed materials. So it is necessary to adopt some new machining methods. Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-traditional and most popular machining method to manufacture dies, punches and press tools because of its capability to produce complicated, intricate shapes and to machine hard materials. Electrical Discharge Machining performance is generally evaluated on the basis of Overcut (OC), Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and Surface Roughness (SR). The important EDM machining parameters affecting to the performance measures of the process are discharge current, pulse on time, pulse off time, arc gap, and duty cycle. Several approaches are proposed in the literature to solve the problems related with optimization of these parameters. It is felt that a review of the various approaches developed would help to compare their main features and their relative advantages or limitations to allow choose the most suitable approach for a particular application and also throw light on aspects that needs further attention. In view of above, this paper presents a review of Effect of Electrode Material on Overcut, MRR, TWR of Steel Material in EDM.

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is non-traditional machining processes. EDM process is based on thermoelectric energy between the work piece and a tool electrode. A pulse discharge occurs in a small gap between the work piece and the tool electrode and removes the unwanted material from the material through melting and vaporizing. The present study discusses about having an overview of the Electrical discharge machining process, and influence of process parameters like input current, pulse on time and pulse off time on performance parameter such as MRR, EWR and over cut. This study discusses about controlling the process parameters and optimization of process parameters in EDM process. From the review, it has been observed that the machining process can be improved by process parameters like current, pulse on time and pulse off time and also observed that electrodes material also effect on the material removal rate, electrode wear rate and over cut.

An uncontrolled use of ''demonstration control agents'' commonly known as ''teargas agents'' has recently been a common practice in Turkey. One of the first massive uses of these agents had been during a meeting of the North Atlantic Council and NATO in 2004, in Istanbul. After the demonstrations, 64 patients were evaluated and treated by the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey. Their files have been reviewed retrospectively and were classified regarding age, sex, physical findings related of chemical agents, and other injuries.

During aging, changes in the structure of the cerebral cortex of the rat have been seen, but potential changes in neuron number remain largely unexplored. In the present study, stereological methods were used to examine neuron number in the medial prefrontal cortex and primary visual cortex of young adult (85-90 days of age) and aged (19-22 months old) male and female rats in order to investigate any age-related losses. Possible sex differences in aging were also examined since sexually dimorphic patterns of aging have been seen in other measures. An age-related loss of neurons (18-20%), which was mirrored in volume losses, was found to occur in the primary visual cortex in both sexes in all layers except IV. Males, but not females, also lost neurons (15 %) from layer V/VI of the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and showed an overall decrease in volume of this region. In contrast, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex showed no age-related changes. The effects of aging clearly differ among regions of the rat brain and to some degree, between the sexes.

The lack of a single anatomical or functional definition of 'prefrontal cortex' has led to different and, in some respects, controversial views on the existence of a prefrontal cortex in non-primate mammals, in particular in rats. Until the classic paper by Rose and Woolsey [Res. Publ. Assoc. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 27 (1948) 210], the general idea was that a prefrontal cortex is unique to primate species. Rose and Woolsey's 'prefrontal cortex' definition was based upon a single anatomical criterion, i.e. the cortical projection area of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus. Single criteria, however, do not appear to be sufficient for defining the prefrontal cortex. Therefore, other anatomical and functional characteristics are currently used to identify the prefrontal cortex in different species. Yet, recently the debate about the nature of the prefrontal cortex in non-primate species has been resumed. In the present paper we will compare the structural and functional characteristics of the prefrontal cortex of nonhuman primates and rats. We will argue that rats have a functionally divided prefrontal cortex that includes not only features of the medial and orbital areas in primates, but also some features of the primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

A~tract--The efferent projections of the occipital cortex of the rat were investigated using the Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin anterograde tract tracing technique. Particular attention was focused on projections to the amygda|a and amygdalopetal cortical areas. The primary visual cortex had projections to the medial and lateral portions of occipital area 2 and other cortical regions, but no projections to the amygdala or amygdalopetal cortical areas. The only occipital area that had direct projections to the amygdala was the most ventral portion of lateral occipital area 2, located just dorsal to temporal area 2. This occipitotemporal junction region, which received projections from secondary visual cortical areas but not from the primary visual cortex, had projections to the lateral nucleus, magnocellular basal nucleus, and lateral capsular subdivision of the central nucleus of the amygdala. Occipital area 2 had projections to seven amygdalopetal cortical regions: temporal area 2, temporal area 3, frontal area 2, ventrolateral orbitofrontal area, occipitotemporal junction region, lateral entorhinal area, and the perirhinal cortex. Projections to the perirhinal cortex targeted regions located adjacent to the parietal cortex and caudal temporal cortex, but not regions adjacent to the rostral temporal cortex. Other cortical regions receiving projections from medial and lateral portions of occipital area 2 included the presubiculum, retrosplenial areas, and caudal portions of the parietal cortical areas 1 and 2.

Telle une danse sous le soleil: équilibre et déséquilibre du désir, lecture croisée du Blasoun de la Dono d'Estiéu et de la Danso de la pauro Ensouleiado Analysant le Blasoun de la Dono d'Estiéu, dans La présence et le mythe, Jean Thunin avait cette belle expression pour caractériser le couple se promenant qui évolue dans ce poème, il parlait d'une "marche dansante sous le soleil" 1 , et remarquait cette évidence qui ne peut qu'inviter à s'interroger sur un éventuel parallèle avec la danse-élan vers le soleil qu'est la Danso de la pauro Ensouleiado. On s'aperçoit dès lors des liens importants qui existent entre ces deux poèmes, ne serait-ce que parce que le poète y met en scène deux itinéraires vers la mer, dont l'un est aller-retour, l'autre aller simple, mais avec comme coordonnées communes : la temporalité, celle d'une journée d'été, entre l'aube et le soir, et parmi les thèmes traités, l'éloge de la beauté féminine, l'élan profond du coeur qui fait naître la danse, et le désir amoureux. Nous nous proposons donc ici de tenter de mettre en évidence ces liens, ces correspondances, au-delà de la singularité fondamentale de chacun de ces deux textes (et, avant tout, leur différence de tonalité, entre l'harmonie apaisée qui domine 2 le Blasoun de la Dono dEstiéu, et l'élan exalté, mais tourmenté, et débouchant sur une fin tragique, de la Danso de la pauro Ensouleiado) pour, finalement, y voir deux explorations poétiques du rapport de l'homme au désir, entre équilibre et déséquilibre, entre apaisement et déraison. Pour ce faire, nous envisagerons la façon dont la centralité de l'éloge de la beauté du corps féminin permet de replacer ces deux textes, et pas seulement le Blasoun de la Dono d'Estiéu dans la tradition des blasons du corps féminin. Nous interrogerons ensuite les motifs de la danse et du cheminement pour montrer que ces deux motifs, dont on pourrait penser que le premier caractérise la Danso... et le second le Blasoun, sont en fait intimement liés dans une perspective métaphorique pour saisir la façon dont l'homme et la femme peuvent choisir d'être-au-monde. Enfin, nous montrerons comment ces deux textes explorent le désir, désir amoureux mais aussi désir de saisir le monde, et le questionnement essentiel que cette conscience fait naître dans l'oeuvre de Delavouët. I. Du Blasoun aux blasons Un blason? Il faut, au moment d'aborder la lecture du Blasoun, interroger son titre, et le sens du terme "blason". La réédition de 2017 précise au lecteur la filiation évidente avec la tradition des blasons du corps féminin. Le terme a connu son apogée avec la mode du blason "anatomique" du corps féminin, forme poétique initiée au cours de la première moitié du XVIème siècle par Marot, lors de son exil ferrarais. Il s'agit de poèmes plutôt courts, de quelques dizaines de vers Le chant de la beauté du corps féminin dans le Blasoun... et dans la Danso... Il n'en demeure pas moins que la première interprétation, prise au sens large comme composition poétique centrée sur l'éloge du corps féminin, sied tout à fait aux deux poèmes ici analysés, de par l'omniprésence de l'éloge de la beauté féminine que l'on y trouve, avec une attention aux détails du corps et un usage abondant de la comparaison et de la métaphore. Si nous avons déjà, plus haut, cité les beautés de la femme aimée célébrées par le poète, sans encore les avoir analysées, qu'en est-il de la Danso ? Et bien là encore, le poète, tout au long

Aerosol size and chemical characteristics govern their optical and radiative effects and their potential for cloud nucleation. This paper reports the size and chemical characteristics of surface aerosols measured at Mumbai during the Indian Ocean Experiment-Intensive Field Phase (INDOEX-IFP), January-March 1999. Carbonaceous (30%) and ionic (20%) constituents contributed significantly to aerosol mass. High black carbon concentrations and a low organic to black carbon ratio implied the predominance of primary carbonaceous aerosol, while a high nss-sulphate contribution in the fine mode, suggested a probable anthropogenic origin. Non-sea-salt potassium (nss-K +) and black carbon concentrations correlated during January and early February, with nss-K + in the fine mode contributing 86% of total-K + , implying a common origin from a local biomass-burning source. Crustal sources were dominant during late-February and March, with 69% of the aerosol mass present in the coarse mode, and 60% of the variation in PM-10 measured during 12:00-16:00 h being explained by a crustal source factor. Chloride depletion was estimated throughout the study, more significantly during January and early February, from the higher RH and lower Ca 2+ /Na 2+ ratios. A negative correlation was obtained of chloride with nitrate, indicating probable nitrate substitution. During late-February and March, nitrate correlated with calcium suggesting an association with soil. Nss-sulphate correlated with calcium but not sodium, implying a probable association with crustal aerosols.