Numerical Analysis and Computational Methods

The discrete autonomous/non-autonomous Toda equations and the discrete Lotka-Volterra system are important integrable discrete systems in fields such as mathematical physics, mathematical biology and statistical physics. They also have applications to numerical linear algebra. In this paper, we first simultaneously obtain their general solutions. Then, we show the asymptotic behavior of the solutions for any initial values as the discrete-time variables go to infinity. Our two main techniques for understanding the distinct integrable systems are to introduce two types of discrete-time variables and to examine properties of a restricted infinite sequence, its associated determinants and polynomials.

We study the limiting behavior of the zeros of the Euler polynomials. When linearly scaled, they approach a definite curve in the complex plane related to the Szegö curve which governs the behavior of the roots of the Taylor polynomials associated to the exponential function. Further, under a conformal transformation, the scaled zeros are uniformly distributed.

In this paper we discuss a kind of symbolic operator method by making use of the defined Sheffer-type polynomial sequences and their generalizations, which can be used to construct many power series transformation and expansion formulas. The convergence of the expansions are also discussed.

The study discussed the utilization of banana (Musa Paradisiaca) peel incorporated into biodegradable planting bag. The use of banana peel (BP) in this study is mainly to replace the synthetic materials used in the conventional planting bag. Furthermore, the environmental pollutions can be reduced due to the usage of waste banana peels to produce a new value-added biodegradable plastic. The preparation of samples involved several stages where banana peels were isolated from the chaff and chopped into smaller sizes about 2 cm in length. Then, the peels were oven-dried at 70 and grinded into the range diameter of 23 mm particle sizes. Dried ground banana peels were then extracted by maceration method and later were incorporated into thermoplastic starch with eight different concentration of BP which are 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 25 wt.%, 30 wt.%, 35 wt.% and 40 wt.%. Tensile strength test was carried out to analyse the strength and elongation at break of all the samples. Base...

The aim of this research is to establish a relation between the derivatives of Hardy's Z function and the argument of the Riemann zeta function in the neighborhood of points where |Z| reaches a large maximum. In this paper, we make a step toward this goal by solving a problem of the same nature.

In this manuscript, we construct a general family of optimal derivative free iterative methods by using rational interpolation. This family is further extended to a family of with-memory methods with increased order of convergence by employing two free parameters. At each iterative step, we use a suitable variation of the free parameters. These parameters are computed by using the information from current and previous iterations so that the convergence order of the existing family is increased from 2 to 2 + 2n−1 + 2n−2 without using any additional function evaluations. To check the performance of newly developed iterative schemes with and without memory, an extensive comparison with the existing withand without memory methods is done by taking some real world problems and standard nonlinear functions. Numerical experiments illustrate that the proposed family of methods with-memory retain better computational efficiency and fast convergence speed as compared to existing withand witho...

For a given $\theta\in (-1,1)$, we find out all parameters $\alpha,\beta\in \{0,1\}$ such that, there exists a linear combination of Jacobi polynomials $J_{n+1}^{(\alpha,\beta)}(x)-C J_{n}^{(\alpha,\beta)}(x)$ which generates a Lobatto (Radau) positive quadrature formula of degree of exactness \textcolor{red}{$2n+2$ ($2n+1$)} and contains the point $\theta$ as a node. These positive quadratures are very useful in studying problems in one-sided polynomial $L_1$ approximation.

Politically-contested issues are often discussed with different emphases by different people. This emphasis is called a frame. In this paper, we examine the performance of classifiers trained using the media frames Corpus (MFC) (Card et al., 2015); a collection of US news labelled with fifteen different frame categories. Specifically, we compare pre-trained language models (XLNet, Bert, and Roberta), fine-tuned using MFC, against results from the literature and simpler models in their ability to predict frames from text. We also test these models on a new corpus that we have derived from Australian parliamentary speeches. Our experimental results first show that the fine-tuned models significantly outperform the current best methods on MFC. We also show that the model fine-tuned on US news articles can be convincingly applied to predict policy frames in Australian parliamentary speeches, though the accuracy is significantly reduced, suggesting potential discrepancy in framing strate...

Plastics, which are dumped in landfills and disintegrate very slowly, are one of the main drivers of land pollution. Because of this, biodegradable and biocompatible polymers are currently increasing importance in both fundamental and practical research domains across the globe. Plastics made from renewable biomass sources, such as food scraps and agricultural byproducts, are known as bioplastics. Transparent, adaptable, strong, excellent as a barrier, and heat resistant, bioplastic is also. We carried out a study in the Biotechnology department of the Govt College in Hisar, Haryana, keeping all these issues in mind. In this study, we used leftover banana peels and turned them into a bioplastic film by treating them with acid and alkali. Successful production of bioplastic sheets from a mixture of banana peel and industrial maize starch was done. At 4% maize starch content, the films were able to offer tensile strength with a maximum value of 3.50 n. The hydrophilic properties of st...

Diophantine equation is an important concept while studying number theory. But there is as such no standard method or procedure to find the solution of the Diophantine equation. In this article, the numerical solution of Diophantine equation has been discussed using the concept of Artificial Neural Network (ANN). A four layer ANN architecture has been constructed for solving Diophantine eqution. Detail ANN procedure with few example problems and their network architectures have been addressed. Convergence plots and/or convergence tables for different example problems have also been included to validate the proposed method.

This paper introduces a globally convergent algorithm for solving a class of nonsmooth optimization problems, involving square roots of quadratic forms. The class includes in particular limit analysis problems in plasticity. The algorithm combines smoothing with successive approximation. The main computational effort in each iteration is solving a linear weighted least-squares problem. The convergence of the algorithm !s proved and an a priori error estimate is obtained. Numerical results are presented for two limit analysis problems.

A new formulation for the channel capacity problem is derived by using the duality theory of convex programming. The simple nature of this dual representation is suitable for computational purposes. The results are derived in a unified way by formulating the channel capacity problem as a special case of a general class of concave programming problems involving a generalized information measure recently introduced by Burbea and Rao [10].

In the last few years, the notion of optimal polynomial approximant has appeared in the mathematics literature in connection with Hilbert spaces of analytic functions of one or more variables. In the 70s, researchers in engineering and applied mathematics introduced least-squares inverses in the context of digital filters in signal processing. It turns out that in the Hardy space H 2 these objects are identical. This paper is a survey of known results about optimal polynomial approximants. In particular, we will examine their connections with orthogonal polynomials and reproducing kernels in weighted spaces and digital filter design. We will also describe what is known about the zeros of optimal polynomial approximants, their rates of decay, and convergence results. Throughout the paper, we state many open questions that may be of interest.

In this work, we present two sets of full asymptotic expansions for the modified Bessel functions I ν (z) and K ν (z) and a full asymptotic expansion for I ν (z)K ν (z) as ν → ∞ and z is fixed with | arg z| < π. In particular, we show that (−1) m−k S(m, k) k! (1 4 z 2) k , m = 0, 1,. .. , where S(m, k) are the Stirling numbers of the second kind. We also compare the asymptotic expansions of this work with those existing in the literature.

The purpose of this study is to (1) identify addiction symptoms that are uniquely associated with mobile phone use among adolescents in Korea; (2) examine how background characteristics are related to addiction symptoms; and (3) explore how background characteristics, motives, and the amount of mobile phone use predict addictive use of mobile phones. Using a survey of 550 adolescents in Korea, this study identified three addiction symptoms: intrusion, attachment, and withdrawal. The regression models suggest that background characteristics, including impulsivity, peer conformity, imitation, and social anxiety, strongly explain the variance of addictive symptoms. Results show that instrumental motives for using the mobile phone are positively related to addictive behaviors. The amount of mobile phone use was positively related to addiction, even though the percentage of the variance explained in the regression models was small.

Conventional regular moment functions have been proposed as pattern sensitive features in image classi®cation and recognition applications. But conventional regular moments are only invariant to translation, rotation and equal scaling. It is shown that the conventional regular moment invariants remain no longer invariant when the image is scaled unequally in the x-and y-axis directions. We address this problem by presenting a technique to make the regular moment functions invariant to unequal scaling. However, the technique produces a set of features that are only invariant to translation, unequal/equal scaling and re¯ection. They are not invariant to rotation. To make them invariant to rotation, moments are calculated with respect to the principal axis of the image. To perform this, the exact angle of rotation must be known. But the method of using the second-order moments to determine this angle will also be inclusive of an undesired tilt angle. Therefore, in order to correctly determine the amount of rotation, the tilt angle which diers for dierent scaling factors in the x-and y-axis directions for the particular image must be obtained. In order to solve this problem, a neural network using the back-propagation learning algorithm is trained to estimate the tilt angle of the image and from this the amount of rotation for the image can be determined. Next, the new moments are derived and a Fuzzy ARTMAP network is used to classify these images into their respective classes. Sets of experiments involving images rotated and Information Sciences 130 (2000) 67±84

Background: With the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction test used to detect the presence of the virus in the human host, the worldwide health community has been able to record a large number of the recovered population. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the probability of reinfection in the recovered class and the model equations, which exhibits the disease-free equilibrium state for the coronavirus disease. Methods: The model differential equation was evaluated for the disease-free equilibrium for the case of reinfection as well as the existence and stability criteria for the disease, using the model proportions. This evaluation shows that the criteria for a local or worldwide asymptotic stability with a basic reproductive number (R 0 =0) were satisfied. Hence, there is a chance of no secondary reinfections from the recovered population, as the rate of incidence of the recovered population vanishes (ie, B=0). Results: With a total of about 900,000 infected cases worldwide, numerical simulations for this study were carried out to complement the analytical results and investigate the effect that the implementation of quarantine and observation procedures has on the projection of further virus spread. Conclusions: As shown by the results, the proportion of the infected population, in the absence of a curative vaccination, will continue to grow worldwide; meanwhile, the recovery rate will continue slowly, which means that the ratio of infection rate to recovery rate will determine the death rate that is recorded. Most significant for this study is the rate of reinfection by the recovered population, which will decline to zero over time as the virus is cleared clinically from the system of the recovered class.

Objective. To describe women's perception of health care after they decided to have a voluntary termination of pregnancy and their referral to the abortion clinic. Design. Qualitative method, using semistructured interviews carried out between April and June 2005. Setting. Primary Health Care District of Seville, Spain. Participants. Women living in the city of Seville and attending subsidised abortion clinics. Main measurements. Thirty-six women of varying ages and educational level were interviewed. The interview studied the assessment and information given by health professionals, and accessibility and use of family planning services. The results were analysed and triangulated with other studies and experts in the field. Main results. Most of the women interviewed were satisfied with the health care provided. Occasionally they perceived a bureaucratic attitude from physicians, who transmitted their disapproval and lack of support for an abortion decision. There were important differences in the way they were referred to abortion clinics, and in the information given to the women. Older women opted for private care, because this accelerated procedures and protected their privacy. Most women did not use family planning services before the abortion decision, except for requesting contraception. Conclusions. The study found there is a need to reduce the variety of patterns of care for women requesting an abortion, to speed up the proceedings and to train family doctors in assessment and information delivered to women during the process.

The present paper reports the occurrence of Gerres infasciatus (Perciformes: Gerreidae), the third species in the "G. filamentosus" complex, for the first time from coastal waters of Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal states of India, Bay of Bengal. From India, this species was earlier known only from Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Their relationship within the complex is also discussed for correct identification.

The paper presents the design of deep excavation support system in an urban environment. Excavation is carried out in the vicinity of surrounding buildings whose structural stability must be ensured during the execution of the construction works. The 60 cm thick diaphragm wall supported by the two rows (17.00 m and 18.25) of geotechnical anchors was selected as an excavation support system. The approximate floor plan dimensions of the diaphragm wall are 81x118 m, and the maximum excavation depth is 10.5 m. An additional challenge in designing the diaphragm wall is the presence of groundwater, whose maximum level is observed at a depth of approximately 5.8 m. In order to ensure the execution of construction works in dry conditions, a system of drainage trenches and wells is designed at the bottom of the pit. The diaphragm wall is designed in accordance with Eurocode 7.

The main aims of this paper are to show that some results presented in [1] are erroneous. To this end, we provide some counterexamples to demonstrate our claim, and give the correct form of the incorrect results in [1]. Also, some improvements for the definition of accuracy measure is proposed. Furthermore, we show that the relationships given in the three figures need not be true in general, and determine the conditions under which they are correct. Finally, a medical application in the decision-making of the diagnosis of dengue fever is examined.

Background/Objectives: An extensive experimental and analytical investigation was carried out to explore the behaviour of circular concrete filled GFRP tubes (CFFTs) using NSC (Normal Strength Concrete), HSC (High Strength Concrete) and UHSC (Ultra High Strength Concrete). Methods/Statistical Analysis: The experimental study explored the compressive behaviour of 27 CFFTs having three different diameters 75, 100 and 150mm of constant thickness 3mm. Un confined concrete strength up to 98 MPa was achieved under normal curing conditions. Findings: The research findings prove that adequately confined high strength CFFTs can exhibit highly ductile behaviour and they are highly sensitive to the level of confinement. The GFRP tubes with UHSC infill could not maintain the load carrying capacity after attaining initial peak strengths. A newer methodology using shell elements was adapted for simulation of CFFTs in ANSYS and the results agreed with that of the experimental investigation. Applications/Improvements: The investigation explored that specimen size does not have major influence on strain reduction factor. New values of strength and strain enhancement ratios K 1 and K 2 has been arrived.

We prove convergence for the basic LR algorithm on a real unreduced tridiagonal matrix with a one-point spectrum-the Jordan form is one big Jordan block. First we develop properties of eigenvector matrices. We also show how to deal with the singular case. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 65F15 1 Introduction This paper presents a rigorous proof that the LR algorithm, without shifts, applied to an unreduced tridiagonal matrix with a one-point spectrum converges to an upper bidiagonal matrix. The rate of convergence is very slow, like 1/k after k steps, but what is remarkable is that the algorithm actually converges. We hasten to say that this result is not exactly new. In the middle of the 1960s J.H. Wilkinson sketched out the underlying reason for this surprising result, both for LR and QR, but he was not concerned with tridiagonal matrices and he needed assumptions that the column and row eigenvector matrices were completely regular. Moreover, he did not show that a certain universal matrix was also completely regular. So the contribution of this paper is twofold. We show that in the unreduced tridiagonal case the eigenvector matrices are completely regular and we show that the

The work presents a comparative analysis of mobile phone use by university students from two universities, a group from Isfahan (Iran) and another from Malaga (Spain). To do this, two groups of young people (90 students from the University of Isfahan and 108 students from the University of Malaga) responded to an online survey translated to Farsi, which analyzed several items. The data indicated that the presence and use of mobile phone is very widespread among the young population. Nine students out of ten keep the mobile on forever. Although differences are observed in the use of applications, times, in the case of the students of Isfahan it seems to be used more frequently in almost all sections (social networks, informal chat, photographs, etc.) than its equals of Spain. The results confirm the strong implantation of the mobile phone in the social life of young people but not so much as an academic or professional resource of the same.

Madura is one of the sharia tourist attractions in Indonesia, so many local and foreign tourists come to Madura Island to carry out sharia tours by visiting Islamic places such as mosques, tombs of the great Madurese clerics, and halal culinary places. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic which has been going on for one year, government policy has closed these sharia tourist spots. However, since the number of Covid 19 cases, especially on Madura Island, has decreased significantly, the government has allowed opening these sharia tourist spots with the provisions of health protocols. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between service quality, destination image, and customer satisfaction on the revisit intention of tourists to tour destination religious in Madura. Data were collected from a questionnaire survey and empirical studies were conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses, as well as the structural relationships betwe...

Adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) onto cousinia eryngioides boiss, activated carbon was investigated in a batch system by considering the effects of various parameters like contact time, initial concentration, pH, temperature, agitation speed, absorbent dose and particle size. Cr (VI) removal is pH dependent and found to be maximum at pH 2.0. The amounts of Cr (VI) adsorbed increased with increase in dose of both adsorbents and their contact time. A contact time of 30 min was found to be optimum. Experimental results show low cost biosorbent were effective for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solution. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium studies of agrowaste. Freundlich isotherm shows better fit than Langmuir and Temkin isotherm in the temperature range studied.

In this paper, the synthesis of new montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogel (MMTNH) based on poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) grafted onto starch, is described. Montmorillonite (MMT) as nanometer base, acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AAm) as monomers, ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and starch as a biocompatible polymer were prepared in aqueous solution and their amounts were optimized to attain the highest water absorbance. The optimized swelling capacity in distilled water was found to be 810 g/g. A mechanism for hydrogel formation was proposed and the structure of the product was confirmed using a set of techniques including FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. Furthermore, the swelling behaviors of the nanocomposite at different pHs, various salt with different concentrations, the mixture of solvents, were investigated. The methylene blue (MB) dye was used as model drugs to assess the loading and release by MMTNH. The pH response of this MMTNH makes it suitable for acting as a controlled delivery system. The results suggest MMTNH may find applications as promising drug delivery vehicles for drug molecules.

The purpose of this research is to know Influence Halal Lifestyle, Profitability, Size of the Corporate Social Responsibility based Tawhidi Epistemology Approach. The method used in this research is quantitative research with descriptive data analysis techniques and secondary data. Secondary data is the result of panel analysis. The results of the study are from the results of panel data selected is the Random Effect Model with Eviews 9 software. From these results, it can be concluded that Halal Lifestyle has a significant effect on Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitability has a significant effect on Corporate Social Responsibility, and Company Size has a significant effect on Corporate Social Responsibility. Model Tawhidi string of relations based on the approach of the Qur&#39;an and as-Sunnah with the suratic done in the form of interaction, integration and evolution (IIE), which makes a reciprocal relationship (circular causation) between the issues and make the flow of k...

Thermodynamically consistent equation of state (EOS) of two-temperature aluminum across a wide range of parameter space (compression ratio ratios V 0 /V up to 4, electronic temperatures T e up to 1,500,000 K and ionic temperature T ion up to 10,000,000 K for T e up to 40,000 K) is investigated from the free energy calculations using density functional theory (DFT) based first-principles electronic structure methods. Our results can serve as a stringent benchmark for present EOS model and database, where various approximations are adopted, used in hydrodynamic simulations as well as developing new EOS models. We find that the Thomas-Fermi model for the electronic pressure overestimates the EOS within the present parameter space, whereas the Thomas-Fermi model with exchange corrections are in good agreement with our results for T e greater than 600,000 K. The ionic pressure for a given ionic temperature T ion is found to be nearly independent of electronic temperature at high temperatures, which can be modeled with kinetic theory for T ion larger than 1,000,000 K for various T e. The asymptotic behavior of the electronic contributions to the plasma pressure are further analyzed and casted into a compact analytical form with a few fitting parameters. This analytical form is physically well motivated and reproduces the desired asymptotic behaviors of the EOS within the interested parameters space. Therefore our results can be conveniently used for modeling important properties and processes of high energy density systems.

Solving the Vlasov-Maxwell problem can lead to very expensive computations. To construct a simpler model, Laval et al. [G. Laval, S. Mas-Gallic, P.A. Raviart, Paraxial approximation of ultrarelativistic intense beams, Numer. Math. 69 (1) (1994) 33-60] proposed to exploit the paraxial property of the charged particle beams, i.e the property that the particles of the beam remain close to an optical axis. They so constructed a paraxial model and performed its mathematical analysis. In this paper, we investigate how their framework can be adapted to handle the axisymmetric geometry, and its coupling with the Vlasov equation. First, one constructs numerical schemes and error estimates results for this discretization are reported. Then, a Particle In Cell (PIC) method, in the case of highly relativistic beams is proposed. Finally, numerical results are given. In particular, numerical comparisons with the Vlasov-Poisson model illustrate the possibilities of this approach.

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Filtering is the most common task in digital signal processing, when some particular parameters of the input signal are removed or modified and a new signal is obtained at the output. The most common filtering goal is to remove noise from a signal. Digital filtering deals with discrete sequences, their implementation require both soft and hard solutions. This work focuses on some useful methods to implement digital filters in reconfigurable hardware structures, as FPGAs. This paper presents FIR filters of different order and structures, and using the MathWorks® tools, shows how these structures can be mapped to the Xilinx® FPGA architecture. The implemented digital filters are evaluated through signal to noise ratio and root mean square error between the filtered and the noisy signal.

Objectives: This study focuses on customer preference to the Mobile phone Service Providers among the University students. In a shorter span, the usage of mobile phones has a drastic increase and that emerge new technology devices to innovated, but still the process of innovation have not stopped to make the user/consumer more sophisticated. The very frequency word which we heard from the mobile service provider is the offers. Methods/Analysis: This study shows the customer preference and loyalty mobile service provider as compared to others. The data will be collected through a structured questionnaire. Random sampling method was used. Findings: Due to more customized offers, add-on services makes the subscribers to shift from one provider to another and that leads to a solid rivalry among the mobile service providers. This study is to identify the student preference on mobile services. As the result shows that in various situations and from the SERVQUAL dimensions, influencing dimension for reliability is the responsiveness and empathy dimensions in way of staff's willingness to help, promptness, politeness which helps the service providers to meet promises on time, providing correct information to the customers. Applications /Improvement: The scope of this research is based on the mobile phone industry and telecom industry and it throws light on the customer preference of Smartphone and telecom services usage among university students. The study has some limitation. The study concentrates only on the university students in Tanjavur and Trichy. Due to time constraints it is not possible to cover vast area. So that survey has limited scope for application in wide market.

Досліджено нові програмно-орієнтовані логічні формалізми-логіки часткових предикатів з операцією (композицією) предикатного доповненням, названі LC. Подібні операції використовуються в різних варіантах логік Флойда-Хоара з частковими перед-та після-умовами. В даній роботі вивчаються LC пропозиційного рівня-PLC. Описано пропозиційні композиційні алгебри та мови PLC, запропоновано та досліджено відношення неспростовнісного логічного наслідку за умов невизначеності. На цій основі для PLC однозначних предикатів побудовано числення секвенційного типу. Ключові слова: логіка, предикат, логічний наслідок, секвенційне числення.

Numerical methods for strongly oscillatory and singular functions are given in this paper. Beside a summary of standard methods and product integration rules, we consider a class of complex integration methods. Several applications of quadrature processes in problems in telecommunications and physics are also presented. Numerical examples are included.

Bilateral traumatic facial nerve palsy (FNP) is rare and can present with distressing features. We report a 23-year-old male final year medical student with a 10-day history of speech difficulty following a passenger motorcycle road traffic accident. Physical examination showed a fully conscious young man whose only neurological deficit was bilateral lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy (House and Brackmann grade IV) and difficulty pronouncing plosives. A high-resolution temporal bone CT showed a right longitudinal temporal bone fracture. There was no temporal bone fracture on the left side. Brain MRI was normal. He had complete recovery of facial nerve function on conservative management 6 months after the injury.

It has been reported that about 40% of the compounds being developed by the pharmaceutical industries are poorly water soluble. The limiting factor to the in vivo performance of poorly water soluble drugs after oral administration their inadequate ability to be wetted by and dissolved into the fluid in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Therefore, increasing the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs is an important and significant challenge to pharmaceutical scientists in order to maximize absorption. Aceclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drug (NSAID), used for rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and other joint pains. The oral bioavailability of aceclofenac was found to be very poor likely due to the very poor dissolution in aqueous fluids especially in acidic medium. The study utilized the solvent evaporation method for preparation of stable amorphous solid dispersions of Aceclofenac by adsorbing it on porous carrier (Florite).

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is the virus which has killed so many people in the world. The spread of COVID-19 within a region in South East Asia has been modelled using a compartment model called SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Recovered). Actual number of sick people needing treatments, or the number active case data was used to obtain realistic values of the model parameter such as the reproduction number (R0), incubation, and recovery periods. It is shown that at the beginning of the pandemic where most people were still not aware, the R0 was very high as seen by the steep increase of people got infected and admitted to the hospitals. Few weeks after the lockdown of the region was in place and people were obeying the regulation and observing safe distancing, the R0 values dropped significantly and converged to a steady value of about 3. Using the obtained model parameters, fitted on a daily basis, the maximum number of active cases converged to a certain value of about 2500 case...

Amidst growing concern over media manipulation, NLP attention has focused on overt strategies like censorship and "fake news". Here, we draw on two concepts from the political science literature to explore subtler strategies for government media manipulation: agenda-setting (selecting what topics to cover) and framing (deciding how topics are covered). We analyze 13 years (100K articles) of the Russian newspaper Izvestia and identify a strategy of distraction: articles mention the U.S. more frequently in the month directly following an economic downturn in Russia. We introduce embedding-based methods for cross-lingually projecting English frames to Russian, and discover that these articles emphasize U.S. moral failings and threats to the U.S. Our work offers new ways to identify subtle media manipulation strategies at the intersection of agenda-setting and framing.

Clear cell sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor with melanocytic differentiation, firstly described by Enziger in 1965. It accounts for less than 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas and occurs predominantly in the extremities of adults. Primary clear cell sarcoma of bone is even rarer; current literature consists of only 13 cases with a mean age of presentation of 45-year-old, ranging from 18 to 81. Because of the overlapping expression of melanocytic markers, the differential diagnosis should be addressed with metastatic malignant melanoma and metastasis from clear cell sarcoma of soft parts. Essential for the diagnosis is the evidence of translocations t (12;22) or t (2;22) resulting respectively in EWSR1/ATF1 and EWSR1-CREB1 gene fusion. Clinical history and radiological assessment could help discriminate between bone or soft parts origin. We report an unusual case of clear cell sarcoma of distal femur involving a 13-year-old patient. Histological sections showed a malignant neoplasm c...

In this article we study solutions to second order linear difference equations with variable coefficients. Under mild conditions we provide closed form solutions using finite continued fraction representations. The proof of the results are elementary and based on factoring a quadratic shift operator. As an application, we obtain two new generalized continued fraction formulas for the mathematical constant π 2 .

The Safavid era is the first reign of twelfth-Imam of Shi'a. On the other hand, it is the first reign which the Ulama came into the field of Politics seriously & had run their laws, decrees & political functions up to the last official Safavid king, Shah Sultan Hussein- in this era. Since Iran’s official religion had been declared twelfth-Imam of Shi'a, the rule confronted to two religious groups who were Sunni & non-Moslem religions. Historical sources reported different views & maybe contradictory one about this problem & they even had different approach towards a minority. In this paper, it will be studied that “how had been rulers’ interaction, approach, & the Safavid rule in three periods of times follows as foundation, stabilization & demise towards religious minorities? Had the way of the Safavid rule discriminated or been equal against non-Muslims? In the research, we will consider different factors which affected to interaction among five religious minorities including Christians, Zoroastrians, Jews and Indian founders. The result of the paper will identify & explain effective factors on interaction of minorities & compare partial position of minority in interacting with rule.

This case report highlights problems encountered by psychiatrists when treating a 68-year-old female patient who presented with a first episode of psychosis. She suffered from constipation, an anticholinergic side effect of quetiapine and both anticholinergic and extrapyramidal side effects of olanzapine. Finally, she was able to tolerate a combination of two pharmacologically different antipsychotics namely olanzapine and aripiprazole combined with a course of ECT followed by maintenance ECT. The authors would like to highlight maintenance ECT as part of the solution to patients who find it difficult to tolerate antipsychotics. Especially when only low doses of antipsychotics can be tolerated by the patient.

In order to fight poverty, targeting mechanisms for social assistance have generally been used especially in developing countries. Even though there are differences intargeting mechanisms from one country to another, the most important issue is the correct identification of the social assistance beneficiaries. The purpose of this study is to determine the social assistance beneficiaries according to objective criteria, by identifying the indicators that can be employed by poverty reduction targeting mechanisms. Turkish Statistical Institue 2003 Household Budget Survey data have been employed in order to estimate consumption expenditure based models. Empirical findings indicate that individual's assets, housing facilities, education level of household head, household structure are among the factors that determine a person's poverty. Moreover, statistically significant differences have been observed regarding NUTS level 1 regions. Therefore, each region's unique economic and social structure should be taken into account to determine social assistance beneficiaries.

We treat the theory of numerical quadrature over a square using an m2 copy Q'"'f of a one-point quadrature rule. For some integrand functions the quadrature error Q'""f-Zf may be expressed as an asymptotic expansion in inverse powers of m or other simple functions of m. We determine in some cases the nature of this expansion and derive integral representations for both the coefficients and the remainder term. In this part we deal only with smooth functions and those having algebraic line singularities along edges. In some of these cases the form is already known but some of the integral representations are new. These results form the basis for Part II in which new expansions, for integrands having algebraic singularities along intersecting edges and point algebraic singularities at the vertices will be presented.