Media Impact

The social learning theory emphasises that the model giving or guiding has always been one of the most powerful means for transmitting values, for demonstrating and accentuating the expected attitudes, habits, thinking and behaviour (Bandura, 1986, cit. Crosswhite et. al., 2003). Studies have shown that a role model could motivate in a positive manner a teenager's sporting habits and performance. They also found that the top athletes, those celebrities who appear frequently in the media can become role models. Has the media and media usage an impact on the process of role model choosing? How can this be identified? We wanted to find out whether the teenagers from our region have role models? If so, who their icons and role models are? Who are those persons, who have an exemplary behaviour in their eyes? To whom they would like to compare themselves when they grow up? Have the age, the gender, and residence of the pupils any influence on the choice of the role model? Have a place among the teenagers' role models the professional sportsmen? Who are those sportsmen (and sports), for which the pupils are enthusiastic about? What kind of role do the football and football players play? The paper aims to present the teenagers' role model question. The analysis is based on three important surveys conducted among teenagers from Romania (Covasna, Harghita and Mureş counties). The surveys took place in Spring 2012, 2014 and 2016. About two thousand of pupils in the 7 th and 11 th grades were involved each time. Can we conclude that the new media brought along the new idols? The media has definitely a strong impact on the young people's, children's lives, on their world-perception – can this be identified even here, regarding the role models? What kind of new possibility, new chance or new challenge have the parents, pedagogues, teachers, local communities?

The aim of this paper is to propose a corrective of moral panic theory by introducing a concept of polarizing moral panics. We believe that the significant social and technological changes that have occurred since the 1970s have made the classical concept of moral panic less useful to describe and analyze most of the contemporary cases because it fails to include a variety of voices and a more divisive nature of modern moral panics. Polarizing moral panics are recurrent eruptions in an ongoing process of transformation of normative systems that manifest themselves in the intensive, media-amplified polarization of society over an issue, a condition or a group of persons. This leads to a clash between two moral communities and their respective and competitive visions of social order: one more conservative, the other more liberal. This can be fueled by employing politics of fear by politicians and other interest groups for political benefits. The first part of the article discusses the theory and the application of polarizing moral panics. The second part focuses on the refugee crisis in Poland in 2015–2016 as an illustration of the concept and its use to gain votes in a parliamentary election

Cinema has such a special power to captivate audiences from different communities through both vision and hearing concurrently. It is known to be a significant form of art, a source of popular entertainment and an influential platform for education. Movies are cultural objects produced by different cultures, and they mirror and influence certain cultures at the same time.

With the passage of time as the technology got advanced, media influence has also increased to a large scale. Presently, media to a great extent forms our opinions and shapes our attitudes about everything from saas-bahu sagas to corruption and other serious issues. The omnipresent media is visible not only in urban households rather remote village areas have also got onslaught of media messages in a big way. The present paper studies the reach, access, exposure and impact of mass media on the people of Malana village in Himachal Pradesh. The study concludes that very gradually people of this remote village are succumbing to the media influences which are affecting their socio-cultural environment. They, however find that family influence is still dominating in the important matters/affairs of their life.

""This is the first analysis of Gandhi’s dressing style in terms of communication theory and an exploration of the subliminal messages that were subtly communicated to large audience. Peter Gonsalves chooses three famous theorists from the field of communication studies and looks at Gandhi through the lens of each one, to ...give us a fascinating and new insight into one of the most famous men from South Asia.

The author first prepares the ground for the theoretical investigation by exploring the breadth of Gandhi’s communication skills. He provides essential information on a wide range of Gandhi’s communication skills, with a view to proposing interesting areas of research for communication scholars.

The book deals with the qualitative and quantitative aspects of Gandhi’s verbal output, his linguistic capacity, his journalistic and letter-writing style, his peace communication in an atmosphere of conflict, his organizational ability and the international repercussions of his mass mediated messages. It also elaborates the different types of non-verbal communication he used, such as silence, fasting, clothing, personal presence and charisma.

The book closes with, perhaps for the first time, a Gandhian approach to symbolisation for socio-political change. Photographs of Gandhi in different phases of his life have been used to provide a visual chronology of sartorial change and emphasise the arguments in the book." - Sage Publications

'Clothing for Liberation' is also translated into Hindi and Marathi by Sage-Bhasha, India.

Positive Media Psychology is a specialized area of media psychology based on the theories and constructs of positive psychology. Its purpose is to explore the potential of media technologies to support human flourishing through research and development. Positive media psychology strives to move away from psychology's problem-centric medical model to a balanced and holistic approach to understanding mediated experiences. Positive media psychology explores questions such as "What's right?" "How do people benefit?" "How can we make it better?" By using a positive psychology paradigm, researchers and developers will be better able to evaluate and harness the power of media technologies to impact lives and society for the better.

There are various medium of communication like electronic media, print media, internet and mobile communications. Present study focuses on electronic media and its impact on society-changing value system in Pakistan. It also tries to explore different roles and objective of electronic media in changing the society. The study measures diverse aspect of media which influence the society. Pakistan is an Islamic democratic country where media has faced numeral restriction in past eras. From last decade electronic media has got freedom in Pakistan and a large number of electronic channels are established in Pakistan. At the present time media has a powerful affect on individual's lives. Especially electronic media reshape the masses lifestyle and promote a global culture.

Considering the prominence of TV as a visual medium, this study sought to know the influence of media imperialism and the claim that it has affected and undermined local Nigerian norms and values. It specifically examines the influence of Western media content on the cultural values of Nigerian youths using English Premier League (EPL) clubs supporters in Abeokuta-North Local Government Area (LGA) as a case study.

The accelerating process of globalisation and the increasing interconnections between cultures involve an unprecedented challenge to modern sociology. The explosion of Western products (particularly American) across the globe has rocked the culture and values of several societies. The spread of these products has raised questions and concerns regarding United States’ dominance in the cultural sphere. Consequently, it has prompted many to charge the U.S. with a new form of colonialism − cultural imperialism. Thus, the need to apply cultural imperialism thesis as the underlying theoretical framework for the study.

Finding out the Influence of Western TV programmes on the cultural values of Nigerian Youths would be impossible unless the investigation uses meticulous procedures that are systematic, imaginative, logical and accurate.For this study, the survey method was adopted because it provides the best means of collecting the views of youths regarding the influence of TV on their perceptions, ideologies and behaviours.

The study sample comprising 30 youths in Abeokuta-North LGA was selected using three sampling techniques: stratified sampling, simple random sampling and convenience sampling. Interviews were conducted personally by the researcher to gather data from the field. In the process of the data analysis the researcher engaged in memoing and transcription of the data. The researcher then embarked on coding and developing category systems.

Thesis Supervisor: Kola Adesina - Head Of Department, Mass Communication Department, Crescent University, Abeokuta

Статья посвящена такому феномену, как медиаобраз политического лидера. Рассматриваются взаимосвязанные с ним понятия «образ» и «имидж». Обозначается, что данные понятия в медийном дискурсе подразумевают под собой разные феномены, последовательно раскрывается взаимосвязь между ними. На основе проведенного исследования автором выявлен двухуровневый механизм формирования медиаобраза политического лидера.
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The paper dwells upon the phenomenon of political leader's media image. It also briefly covers the related phenomena of an image as an idea of a political leader in the minds of the audience and an image as a public image, specially constructed by image makers. The article sequentially discloses correlation between all three phenomena. On the basis of the study the author reveals a two-level forming mechanism of political leader's media image.

In this era, technology rises rapidly with the concerns that come along with itself. One of the main issues that have been raised is the impact of media on society. In the case of media, society cannot be held separately because the main target is human itself. Therefore, this paper will be focused on how media affect people, in the light of violence, relationships and culture. Moreover, the objective of the paper was to determine the main causes behind all those factors, as well as their origins and its outcomes. However, for some parts of the paper such as the impact of media on empathy, direct evidence was missing. Research suggested that social media use can also improve adolescent's empathy. The findings of this paper were that the violence, relationships and cultural values highly affected by mass media. Overall, findings showed that the media as a catalyst increases the violent acts among people, weaken the relationships via less interaction, and degenerate the culture with making people less loyal to their origins as well as causing them to have stereotypes towards different classes.

Es passierte, während ich an dem Vorwort zu Innis' Empire and Communications arbeitete, daß ich die größte Entdeckung meines Lebens gemacht habe. Kurz gesagt besteht die Entdeckung in folgendem: 2.500 Jahre lang haben die Philosophen der westlichen Welt jede Technologie aus der Behandlung von Materie-Form-Problemen ausgeklammert. Innis hat viel Zeit seines Lebens darauf verwandt, um die Aufmerksamkeit auf die psychischen und sozialen Folgen von Technologien zu lenken. Er konnte noch nicht sehen, daß unsere Philosophie systematisch die techne aus ihren Meditationen ausschließt. Einzig natürliche und lebendige Formen werden als ganzheitlich-morphologisch klassifiziert.« 1 1

The Norman Lear Center is a nonpartisan research and public policy center that studies the social, political, economic and cultural impact of entertainment on the world. The Lear Center translates its findings into action through testimony, journalism, strategic research and innovative public outreach campaigns. On campus, from its base in the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, the Lear Center builds bridges between schools and disciplines whose faculty study aspects of entertainment, media and culture. Beyond campus, it bridges the gap between the entertainment industry and academia, and between them and the public. Through scholarship and research; through its conferences, public events and publications; through its role in the formulation of the academic field of entertainment studies; and in its attempts to illuminate and repair the world, the Norman Lear Center works to be at the forefront of discussion and practice in the field.

Tintas. Quaderni di letterature iberiche e iberoamericane, 2 (2012), pp. 310-312. issn: 2240-5437. http://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/tintas Tintas. Quaderni di letterature iberiche e iberoamericane, 2 (2012), pp. 310-312. issn: 2240-5437. http://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/tintas Recensioni Daniel H. Cabrera, Comunicación y cultura como ensoñación social [Simone Cattaneo] Tintas. Quaderni di letterature iberiche e iberoamericane, 2 (2012), pp. 310-312. issn: 2240-5437. http://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/tintas Recensioni Daniel H. Cabrera, Comunicación y cultura como ensoñación social [Simone Cattaneo]

The higher education system of India is the 3rd largest in the world. It is primarily governed by the University Grants Commission which enforces its standards, advises the government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the state. There are 88 centrally funded higher educational institutions in the field of science and technology.

Government funding of institutions has steadily grown over the years. Cost of research, infrastructure and branding of the institutions are huge challenges which require massive transformation in funding and other aspects of these educational institutions.

IIT Kharagpur which is a state-funded institute of national importance is moving ahead through various evolutionary processes of governance, management and independent funding to excel in the 21st century. This paper will provide an overview of transformational initiatives as required in achieving this goal.

In this article, I examine the role of journalists during Euromaidan in November 2013–February 2014. The conceptualization of a specific case of power, the media power (found in works by Bolin, Couldry, Curran, Hjarvard, Mancini, Zelizer, and others) basically oscillates between two extremes – that of regarding the media as heteronomous of the political field and that of arguing that the media increasingly influence other fields through processes of mediatization. What is the role of journalists in power relations? Under which conditions is the power of journalists – and their agency – likely to grow? This article presents the results of a series of interviews with Ukrainian journalists who covered the events of Euromaidan in different capacities. Validated with other evidence, their narratives suggest a positive power dynamic for the Ukrainian journalists during the protest events.

U.S. and China both are the separate media entities. China being a completely isolated country with firewalls placed around every domain that can be reached from across the border denies any international interference. The U.S. media is comparatively much freer, with access to the information from around the world and to the world; it stood as the milestone achiever among the world media.

New media refer to on-demand access to content anytime, anywhere, on any digital device, as well as interactive user feedback, creative participation and community formation around the media content. Yet another important promise of new media is the "democratization" of the creation, publishing, distribution and consumption of media content. Another aspect of new media is the real-time generation of new, unregulated content. Most technologies described as "new media" are digital, often having characteristics of being manipulated, networkable, dense, compressible, and interactive. Some examples are the Internet, websites, computer multimedia, video games, CD-ROMS, and DVDs. New media do not include television programs, feature films, magazines, books, or paper-based publications – unless they contain technologies that enable digital interactivity. Wikipedia, an online encyclopaedia, is an example, combining Internet accessible digital text, images and video with web-links, creative participation of contributors, interactive feedback of users and formation of a participant community of editors and donors for the benefit of non-community readers. Face-book is an example of the social media model, in which most users are also participants.

The negative implications of children’s use of the Internet, particularly their loss of innocence through access to pornography, is a topic frequently addressed in public discussions and debate. These debates often take on a technologically determinist point of view and assume that technology directly influences children, usually in a harmful fashion. But what is really happening in the Australian family home? Are parents fearful of these risks, and if so what are they doing about it? A recent exploration of the everyday Internet lives of Australian families indicates that families manage these perceived risks in a variety of ways and are not overly troubled about this issue. Findings from the research project indicate that Australian parents are more concerned about some children’s excessive use of the Internet than about pornography. They construct the Internet as interfering with time available to carry out homework, chores, getting adequate sleep or participating in outdoor (fresh air) activities. This disparity, between public discourse regarding the protection of children in the online environment and the actual significance of this issue in the everyday lives of Australian families, reflects the domestic dynamics within the “moral economy of the household” (Silverstone et al. 15) whereby family relationships and household practices inform the manner in which technology is consumed within any given household.

This paper aims to establish a direct link between media content and its impact on the perception of physical attributes of a person. It explores the source of origin for the perception that surrounds body types that are viewed as acceptable. It highlights the psychological impact that people experience when their understanding of body image is distorted and their perception of self and/or others is modulated.

Collaboration, once considered radical in journalism, an industry characterized by stiff competition, has become a commonly accepted practice with many examples in the nonprofit, commercial, and public media sectors across the globe. Moreover, collaborative journalism is increasingly seen as critical for the sustainability of journalism in the digital age. At the same time that the practice of collaborative journalism matures, news organizations have also begun to make more systematic efforts to implement impact measurement processes that go beyond traditional advertising metrics.

Вивчення реакції аудиторії на медіаконтент є одним із найнагальніших практичних питань і ме-тодологічних викликів, які стоять перед фахівцями з медіааналітики. Метою нашого досліджен-ня є з'ясування, які дані про аудиторію новини можна отримати, аналізуючи криву динаміки по-ширення публікації й поєднуючи аналіз цієї кривої з побудовою й вивченням послідовності поши-рень зазначеної публікації користувачами з різних соціальних груп. Для досягнення мети ми вико-ристали авторську методику побудови кривої динаміки поширення новини, а також медіамоні-торинг соціальних мереж. У підсумку ми зіставили піки на цій кривій із контентом й авторст-вом постів, які брали участь у поширенні. Ми з'ясували, що подібний аналіз для кожної новини, як правило, дозволяє встановлювати інтенсивність впливу на декілька частин цільової аудиторії. Ключові слова: інтернет-медіа; вплив на аудиторію; соціальні мережі; інтерактивний потенці-ал; медіамоніторинг. 1. Вступ Глибокий аналіз реакції аудиторії на певні публікації, зокрема політичні або ділові новини, є одні-єю із цілей, які ставлять замовники перед медіааналітичними компаніями. Запитання, які найчастіше ставляться: у чому відмінності реакцій різних частин аудиторії, кого подія схвилювала найбільше, як реакція залежить від включеності лідерів думок до обговорення тощо. Як правило, відповіді на ці запитання даються на основі контент-аналізу текстів постів та комента-рів щодо поширюваної публікації. Але такий аналіз, по-перше, погано автоматизується через неоднозна-чність лексики коментаторів, а по-друге, цей метод не дозволяє врахувати силу впливу й думку тих ре-ципієнтів, що не висловлюють власних суджень, а лише лайкають або поширюють повідомлення. Акту-альність дослідження визначається необхідністю уникнути зазначених обмежень. Одним із варіантів, які використовуються західними дослідниками, є побудова системи графів, що пов'язують між собою користувачів, які поширюють певну інформацію. Є декілька розроблених мето-дик, призначених для різних об'єктів дослідження: соціологічних [1; 2], маркетингових [3; 4; 5], або до-сліджень інформаційних систем [6; 7]. У кількох наших попередніх публікаціях ми описали інший спосіб, який дає можливість відповісти на поставлені на початку статті запитання. Це глибокий аналіз динаміки взаємодій користувачів соцме-реж з медіапублікаціями. Ми вже писали [10], що зібрані дані про те, як змінюється швидкість зростання кількості лайків, шерів та коментарів певної публікації, є цінним джерелом інформації про її вплив на аудиторію. Перевага цього способу – у його інваріантності щодо топології мережі, у якій поширюється інфо-рмація. Досліднику не конче наперед знати структуру зв'язків між членами соціальних груп для того, аби отримати знання про соціальні тренди. Як ми вже показали [8], одним із найважливіших параметрів динаміки поширення публікації є її інтерактивний потенціал. Це показник, що характеризує наявність і максимальну інтенсивність впливу * © Захарченко Артем Петрович, кандидат наук із соціальних комунікацій, асистент кафедри мультимедійних технологій і медіадизайну, Інститут журналістики, Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка (м. Київ, Україна)

The goal of the research is to develop a method for measuring topical social information
impact on active people through monitoring the dynamics of social networks users interaction. We
introduced the concept of interactive potential which can be determined through dynamics curve
analysis in order to interact with information. Regular measuring of news’ interactive potential
allows tracing the dynamics of social interest in some topics. We used the method to analyze trending
topics in Ukrainian media and to describe the dynamics of people’s concern with political life and
their readiness for public protests.

Спроби узагальнення теорій медійних впливів та формування певного єдиного погляду на них робилися науковцями неодноразово, з тих пір, як орієнтовно у 1980-х роках сформувалася значна кількість наукових шкіл, що опікувалися зазначеними проблемами. Єдина теорія впливу покликана формувати цілісне уявлення про весь спектр медійних впливів, спричинених споживанням медіаконтенту, а не фокусування на одному або кількох із них. Ці спроби відрізняються за критеріями класифікації або типології медійних впливів. Однак жодна з них, як показано нижче, не дає можливості продемонструвати взаємозв'язки між різними видами впливів, їхню взаємообумовленість. Відтак, метою цієї роботи буде створення засад системного погляду на медійні впливи, що дозволять об'єднати відокремлені теорії медійних впливів.

A l'heure où les médias ont une place centrale dans notre société et qu'ils sont également un sujet de controverse récurrent, il est intéressant d'analyser leur véritable impact et leur rapport avec les évènements publics. Beaucoup d'études démontrent que la construction d'un événement est essentiellement, voire uniquement, construit dans l'espace social par leur médiatisation. En cela, elles proposent une vision unilatérale du phénomène et demeurent dans une analyse de surface. Leurs auteurs oublient d'autres facteurs qui entrent en compte dans la manière dont les évènements sont perçus socialement. D'autres approches en revanche, offrent une conception plus complète du sujet. Tel est le cas de celle de Michel Barthélémy. Celui-ci s'applique à argumenter qu'en plus du « pôle de production », les médias, le « pôle de réception, constitué par le public potentiel » (p.126) est tout autant important dans la construction sociale d'un évènement. Sa théorie affirme que le rôle de sa médiatisation et celui de sa réception sont complémentaires et influencent ensemble le sens d'un fait rendu public. L'affaire est ainsi modelée et sa signification sociale élaborée par deux éléments bien différents qui ont un impact certain et qui engendre une réaction du public.