Marketing Channels and Supply Chain Management

This study focus on market chain actors and their functions they play in the market, to analyze the S-C-P of live cattle in the study area. Few traders dominated the market structure of live cattle in the study area. Degree of competition between traders varies and the live cattle market structure varies from loose oligopoly to tight oligopoly. This shows that in the study area few traders dominated market shares and earns abnormal profit. Entry barriers of the market are high market distant, characterize the market of live cattle and high transportation cost. In addition, market the structure varies for each cattle type. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 56-66, June 2022

Cereals comprise half of consumer food expenditures in Ethiopia and about 75 percent of the land area under cultivation (Central Statistics Agency, 2012). Maize is Ethiopia‟s most important cereal crop both in terms of level of production and area coverage. About 9 million farmers, i.e., 70% of the total farmers produced about 6 million tons of maize over two million hectares of land. The farmers grow maize mostly for subsistence, with 75 % of all maize produced is consumed by the farming households (Central Statistics Agency, 2012). Maize is the cheapest source of calorie, providing 16.7 % of per capita calorie intake nationally (Rashid et al., 2010).In addition, the cost of maize is roughly one half that of wheat and tef, making it particularly important for poor households (Food Aid Organization, 2015; Berhane et al., 2011; Rashid, 2010). Total maize production has been increasing rapidly over the past decade by an annual growth rate of 8 percent. The growth in maize production a...

The rapid advancement of technology has positioned telemedicine as a vital tool for enhancing healthcare accessibility, particularly for underserved populations. This study aims to identify the key determinants influencing telemedicine adoption from the patient's perspective, focusing on three critical factors: patient satisfaction, technology usability, and healthcare accessibility. Utilizing a quantitative research design, the study was conducted in the Davao Region, Philippines, employing descriptive-correlational and causal-comparative methodologies to analyze relationships and potential predictors of telemedicine adoption. Data were collected through four adapted questionnaires measuring the aforementioned variables, ensuring a reliable assessment of patient experiences. The findings reveal that healthcare accessibility is the most significant predictor of telemedicine adoption (p < 0.05), explaining 67.5% of the variance in usage, while patient satisfaction and technology usability did not demonstrate statistical significance. These results emphasize the importance of improving access to telemedicine services to enhance patient engagement and overall satisfaction. Furthermore, they indicate that while usability and satisfaction are relevant, they must be accompanied by increased accessibility to drive adoption effectively. This study contributes to the existing literature by shifting the focus from purely technical aspects of telemedicine to more patient-centered factors, highlighting the need for ongoing research into the barriers and facilitators affecting telemedicine utilization. Addressing these insights can aid healthcare providers and policymakers in developing strategies that better meet the needs of diverse patient populations, ensuring equitable access to healthcare services through telemedicine.

This study investigated the factors that influenced the banana marketing chain and their impact on market dynamics in Palimbang as the banana market in Palimbang was a crucial agricultural product. In the Philippines, the banana industry played a vital role in local economies, with the country ranking third globally in banana production. Despite its significance, various challenges, including marketing bottlenecks, hindered profitability and fair pricing for consumers. These bottlenecks often resulted in reduced income for farmers and limited access to markets. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data was collected from 52 survey participants using random sampling technique. The findings indicated that the interconnection between marketing and production significantly affected farm outputs, often leading to stagnation or decline. This marketing constraint was crucial for enhancing profitability and ensuring affordable
banana prices for rural consumers. The study revealed that the majority of the participants were well-informed about the banana marketing chain and its determinants, regardless of the scale of production. The consensus was that these factors greatly influenced the market flow in Palimbang. Hence, the agro-industry marketing chain for bananas in Palimbang played a critical role in the community’s economy, with marketing constraints being a key element in securing better returns and fair pricing for consumers. By improving the supply chain and ensuring fair pricing
mechanisms, the lives of farmers could have been enhanced significantly. Moreover, boosting the banana industry would have had a positive ripple effect on the overall economy of Palimbang, making it an essential area for
development and investment.

A Slurry Bubble Column Reactor (SBCR) is a gas-liquid-solid reactor in which the finely divided solid catalyst is suspended in the liquid by the rising gas bubbles. SBCR offers many advantages over fixed-bed type reactors such as: 1) improved heat transfer and mass transfer; 2) isothermal temperature profile is maintained; and 3) relatively low capital and operating cost. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) takes place in a SBCR where the synthesis gas is converted on catalysts suspended as fine particles in a liquid. The synthesis gas flows in a bubble phase through the catalyst/wax suspension. The volatile products are removed with unconverted gases, and the liquid products are separated from the suspension. A gas distributor located in the bottom of the reactor produces the bubbles in the reactor. A considerable interest has been expressed in using the SBCR to carry out FTS particularly for the conversion of stranded natural gas into liquids. Currently, the Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER) is utilizing a Prototype Integrated Process Unit (PIPU) system for scale-up research of the FTS. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance and activity decline of a precipitated Fe/K Fischer Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) catalyst in a revamped slurry bubble column reactor (SBCR) to that of previous CSTR and SBCR runs using the same catalyst and operating conditions. The activity decline measured in the revamped SBCR system was shown to be similar to that of the CSTR experiments. The apparent activity decline in a previous SBCR run was due a transient startup effect from the slurry filtration system.

The rapid evolution of software development practices has given rise to an increasing demand for efficient and effective test automation. The paper titled "Mastering Test Automation: Bridging Gaps for Seamless QA" delves into the crucial aspects of test automation, addressing the obstacles faced by organizations in achieving flawless quality assurance. The paper highlights the importance of bridging knowledge gaps within organizations, emphasizing the necessity for management to acquire a deeper comprehension of test automation scenarios, coverage, report trends and importance of communication. To tackle these challenges, this paper introduces solutions, including the development of an automation framework that seamlessly integrates with test cases and reporting tools like TestRail and Jira. This integration facilitates the automatic recording of bugs in Jira, enhancing bug reporting and communication between manual QA and automation teams as well as TestRail have all newly added automated testcases as soon as it is part of the automation suite. The paper demonstrates how this framework empowers management by providing clear insights into ongoing automation activities, bug origins, trend analysis, and test case specifics. "Mastering Test Automation" serves as a comprehensive guide for organizations aiming to enhance their quality assurance processes through effective test automation. It not only identifies the common pitfalls and challenges but also offers practical solutions to bridge the gaps, resulting in a more streamlined and efficient QA process.

Canary deployment is a prevalent strategy in contemporary software technology stacks. Modern applications typically run code in containers, which fetch code from repositories that are version-controlled. This setup facilitates the implementation of canary deployments, allowing different repository versions to be targeted and gradually releasing changes from a small subset of Lead Architect, USA

Apples (Temperate fruit) contributed significantly 81.2% to the total horticultural output in Himachal Pradesh in the year 2021-22. With the growing interest among youth over apple crop cultivation, the variations in apple production across different districts have also highlighted the importance of comprehensive understanding of trends and patterns in apple crop production. Consequently, the present study aimed to analyze apple production across districts of Himachal Pradesh, taking into consideration time series analysis, district wise production, and growth rate evaluation. The study examines the trends, growth rates, and variation in apple crop production across different districts of Himachal Pradesh, India, over a decade (2012-2022). The analysis of district wise data reveals diverse growth patterns, with some districts experiencing substantial increases in both area and apple production, while other face challenges with fluctuations in production despite moderate growth in area. The study compares district wise production and evaluates growth rates to identify districts that have experienced higher or lower rates of growth over time. The one-way ANOVA analysis confirms that the production of apple crop varies significantly across different districts in Himachal Pradesh. The regression analysis demonstrates a strong positive relationship between the area of apple crop and apple production with approximately 72.6% of the variation in production explained by the area. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers to formulate strategies that support sustainable agricultural development and address specific challenges faced by districts.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the need for intelligent automation in in-store pickup services and explore its potential benefits in improving operational effectiveness and customer satisfaction. Objective: The objective is to analyze the existing literature on automation in retail, examine case studies, identify the challenges and solutions for implementing automation, and anticipate the future of automation in the retail industry. By conducting a comprehensive analysis, the study seeks to highlight the importance of intelligent automation in driving the growth and success of the retail sector.

The burgeoning international derivatives market demands a more unified approach to regulation. Current inconsistencies across jurisdictions create significant compliance burdens for firms, hindering market efficiency and financial stability. This paper explores the potential of fintech solutions to bridge this gap. By examining the challenges of cross-border derivatives compliance, we analyze how innovative technologies can streamline reporting, automate risk management, and enhance data standardization. The paper argues that fintech can be a powerful tool for facilitating global regulatory harmonization, promoting transparency and mitigating systemic risk in the derivatives market.

Fishermen livelihood and aquatic resources of the Sundarbans Reserved Forest area along the Mongla port, Khulna has been focused in this study. Poor fisher communities of Mongla upazila considered as marginalized communities as completely dependent on Sundarbans aquatic resources for their food security and income needs. The overall aim of this study is to monitor the availability of fisheries resources and to understand the livelihood of fisher folk. A set of socioeconomic based questionnaire survey of 4 different fisher folk communities, basic water quality measurement and fish availability monitoring were done to make sense the overall impact situation exists in that area. Basic water quality of Mongla port area were measured carefully and it was fine according to the accepted standard. Total 79 species were recorded from the study area where fresh water and marine fish species under 30 families, 18 species of shrimps under 2 families, 6 species of crabs belong to 4 families and ...

The purpose of this research is to find out: product quality has a positive influence on buying intention, the price has a positive effect on purchase intention, the behavior of variety-seeking moderates the influence of product quality on buying intention, and behavior of variety-seeking moderates the influence of price on buying intention. The sample in this study were some consumers who bought biscuits in Indonesia. The number of samples in this study was 170 respondents. The questionnaire was distributed online. Analysis of the data used the SmartPLS 3.2.8 program. Findings from the recent study: Buying behavior of variety-seeking moderates (strengthens) the effect of product quality on biscuit buying intentions in Indonesia, buying behavior of variety-seeking moderates (strengthens) the effect of prices on Indonesian biscuits buying intentions. The results of the study: product quality has a positive effect on buying intention, the price has a positive effect on buying intention,

Lack of updated information on the cattle production system and breeding practices are major challenges to cattle producers and police makers in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in the Bena-Tsemay district aimed to assess the cattle production systems and breeding practices. The household survey involved interviewing of 150 households of eight purposively selected Kebeles from the three livestock production systems. The collected data from the qualitative parameters were analyzed using non-parametric methods and while the means of the quantitative parameters were analyzed by using One-Way ANOVA using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) (SPSS, version20). Higher (P<0.05) land size was allocated for crop production in mixed crop-livestock production than agro-pastoral production system while higher (P<0.001) grazing land was allocated in pastoral than agro-pastoral and mixed crop-livestock productions. All households were kept local breed (100%) and majority of the households were acquired their breeding cattle through a gift from relatives (62.83%) and whereas, very few acquired from the local market (10.67%). The respondents of three production systems were reported that the range-land (68.33%), crop residue (19.33%) and range-land and crop residues (12.33%) were used as a source of feed for cattle while, water dug (49.3%), Steady River (25.3%), ponds (14.7%) and river and pond (10.7%) were used as water sources for the cattle. The Trapanosomiasis, Anthrax, Black leg and CBPP were important cattle diseases that hindered cattle production in the study area. The feed shortage, prevalence of diseases and poor genetic potential of indigenous cattle were major cattle production constraints. The results from this study indicated that the cattle production systems and breeding practices were traditional and undeveloped. Therefore, we recommended that the genetic improvement of indigenous cattle breeds, improvements in feeds and feeding system, and strengthening veterinary drug supply service to boost merits from cattle production.

Cereals comprise half of consumer food expenditures in Ethiopia and about 75 percent of the land area under cultivation (Central Statistics Agency, 2012). Maize is Ethiopia‟s most important cereal crop both in terms of level of production and area coverage. About 9 million farmers, i.e., 70% of the total farmers produced about 6 million tons of maize over two million hectares of land. The farmers grow maize mostly for subsistence, with 75 % of all maize produced is consumed by the farming households (Central Statistics Agency, 2012). Maize is the cheapest source of calorie, providing 16.7 % of per capita calorie intake nationally (Rashid et al., 2010).In addition, the cost of maize is roughly one half that of wheat and tef, making it particularly important for poor households (Food Aid Organization, 2015; Berhane et al., 2011; Rashid, 2010). Total maize production has been increasing rapidly over the past decade by an annual growth rate of 8 percent. The growth in maize production a...

Productivity is very important aspect in any organization. Productivity means output obtained with respect to how much input is provided. To increase the productivity of any organization it is necessary to study and analyze the rejection data of that organization. This research focuses on the need of following a proper methodology in solving any particular problem. The defects were prioritized using QC tools, Pareto analysis. This research emphasizes on the importance of focusing on critical parameters contributing to major rejection and controlling that in order to improve productivity.

Seed production of farmers preferred improved maize varieties under community based seed production(CBSP) group initiated in the hills of Nepal under Hill Maize Research Project in 2000. Trained members of the community group produce improved seeds identified through participatory varietal selection procedures. Despite quantum jump in maize seed production, 14 tons by 7 CBSP groups in 2000 to 1,036 tons by 207 groups in 2012, seed marketing remained one of the challenges in HMRP districts. Main objective of this study was to analyze maize seed production trend and presowing seed contracts in hill districts under HMRP. Linear regression model showed seed production trend over the period 2000 to 2012 highly significant. Annual compounded growth rate of seed during the same period was estimated to be 34.36%. Pre-sowing seed contract in cereal crops in the hills of Nepal is a new initiative of HMRP IV. Analysis showed 63 formal contracts were signed for 170.45 tons of improved maize see...

Apples (Temperate fruit) contributed significantly 81.2% to the total horticultural output in Himachal Pradesh in the year 2021-22. With the growing interest among youth over apple crop cultivation, the variations in apple production across different districts have also highlighted the importance of comprehensive understanding of trends and patterns in apple crop production. Consequently, the present study aimed to analyze apple production across districts of Himachal Pradesh, taking into consideration time series analysis, district wise production, and growth rate evaluation. The study examines the trends, growth rates, and variation in apple crop production across different districts of Himachal Pradesh, India, over a decade (2012-2022). The analysis of district wise data reveals diverse growth patterns, with some districts experiencing substantial increases in both area and apple production, while other face challenges with fluctuations in production despite moderate growth in area. The study compares district wise production and evaluates growth rates to identify districts that have experienced higher or lower rates of growth over time. The one-way ANOVA analysis confirms that the production of apple crop varies significantly across different districts in Himachal Pradesh. The regression analysis demonstrates a strong positive relationship between the area of apple crop and apple production with approximately 72.6% of the variation in production explained by the area. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers to formulate strategies that support sustainable agricultural development and address specific challenges faced by districts.

Fishing is an important livelihood activity in India. Fish is highly perishable, and thus the marketing channel for fish plays a significant role in the marketing of fish. The present study focuses on marketing channels for fisheries systems. The network of marketing channels is classified as direct and indirect distribution. In the direct distribution method of the network channel, the fish is caught by the fishermen and directly sold to the consumers. In the indirect channel of the network, the fish is collected by the fishermen and is taken to the auction hall or sold to the wholesalers with proper icing conditions. The wholesaler distributes those iced fish to the retailers or the processing plant owners. In this stage, the fish are processed and packed efficiently based on the customer's preferences and distributed to various outlets before consumption.

The purpose of this paper is to present the status of Supply chain efficiency in Fruits & Vegetables (F&V) sector in India and discusses the need and importance of efficient supply chain in this sector. Authors highlight the inefficiency of Fruits and Vegetables supply chain sector as one of the major business problem in the agriculture sector of India. This study will help decision makers and various stakeholders involved in the supply chain of Fruits and Vegetables like Farmers, Transporters, Local traders, Commission Agents, Cold storage provider to understand the current status, issues & need and importance of efficient supply chain for better planning and management in the field of Fruits and Vegetables sector. Most of the prior literature are focused on the general supply chain of Fruits and Vegetables and ignore the perspective of supply chain efficiency. This review fills this gap in the literature of supply chain management of Fruits and Vegetables sector.

We introduce here an application directed to a didactic use, but with interest also for the discussion within the economic discipline, contributing to the spread of the simulation methodologies. One of the characteristics of the model is the explicit use of cognitive competences in the behavior of the producers, according the their learning capabilities. The rationality of the consumers is limited by the possibility of interacting with the producers only within a given distance. The distribution of the producers is differentiated by zones with the ...

The absence of information on cattle marketing systems is a major challenge for cattle producers and policymakers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted in the Bena-Tsemay district with the aim of assessing the cattle marketing system. The household survey involved the interviewing of 150 households of eight Kebeles, which were purposefully selected from the three cattle production systems. The qualitative parameters, such as cattle market infrastructures, cattle transportation facilities, cattle market information, cattle marketing channels, cattle market actors, and the extent of extension service in the cattle marketing system, were analyzed using non-parametric methods, while the means of the quantitative parameters, such as cattle price and a number of cattle supplies, were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA of SPSS, version 20. The results revealed that the majority (73.2%) of the cattle keepers in three production systems sold their cattle; while very few (24.8%) did no...

Lack of updated information on the cattle production system and breeding practices are major challenges to cattle producers and police makers in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in the Bena-Tsemay district aimed to assess the cattle production systems and breeding practices. The household survey involved interviewing of 150 households of eight purposively selected Kebeles from the three livestock production systems. The collected data from the qualitative parameters were analyzed using non-parametric methods and while the means of the quantitative parameters were analyzed by using One-Way ANOVA using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) (SPSS, version20). Higher (P<0.05) land size was allocated for crop production in mixed crop-livestock production than agro-pastoral production system while higher (P<0.001) grazing land was allocated in pastoral than agro-pastoral and mixed crop-livestock productions. All households were kept local breed (100%) and majority of the households were acquired their breeding cattle through a gift from relatives (62.83%) and whereas, very few acquired from the local market (10.67%). The respondents of three production systems were reported that the range-land (68.33%), crop residue (19.33%) and range-land and crop residues (12.33%) were used as a source of feed for cattle while, water dug (49.3%), Steady River (25.3%), ponds (14.7%) and river and pond (10.7%) were used as water sources for the cattle. The Trapanosomiasis, Anthrax, Black leg and CBPP were important cattle diseases that hindered cattle production in the study area. The feed shortage, prevalence of diseases and poor genetic potential of indigenous cattle were major cattle production constraints. The results from this study indicated that the cattle production systems and breeding practices were traditional and undeveloped. Therefore, we recommended that the genetic improvement of indigenous cattle breeds, improvements in feeds and feeding system, and strengthening veterinary drug supply service to boost merits from cattle production.

Rice is the staple food for largest community in the world belongs to the poaceae family. It is 10,000 years old farming covering alone 11% of arable land. It is considered to be the largest source of energy for poor men. This crop is leading among all other food crop worldwide. In India, it is grown over an area of about 45 million hectares producing about 112.91 million tonnes of grain. In terms of both area and production, it stood second after wheat. It alone provides about 22 percent and 17 percent of calories and proteins to the world's total supply. The yield of paddy in before credit use situation was estimated to be 48 Qt. per ha, which increased to 52 Qt. per ha in after credit use situation. The increase in yield was estimated to be 7.06 percent. The average price realized by farmers for paddy was found to be Rs.950 per Qt. in before credit use situation, while same realized in after credit use situation was Rs.1060 per Qt. Thus, net returns received were found to be increasing by 37.01 percent after credit use situation over the same in before credit use situation.Thehighernetreturnsrealizedinaftercreditusesituationfrompaddy were on account of higher yield obtained and better price fetched by the farmers.

This research study has reported different profit margin of smallholders in Labuhan Batu and Asahan which can be due to production’s cost incurred by smallholders. In addition, the price of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm offered by eachtrader is also found different. This could be the differences in efficiency and the length of marketing channels traversed by partner and non-partner samllholders. The length of marketing chain was transferred to the marketing costs incurred and the margins received, so there is share for each marketing. Therefore such study is needed to estimate the marketing margins and channels of non-partner smallholders, partner smallholders, and explasma smallholders, the marketing functions carried out by each palm oil marketing channel in Kuala Hulu, factors that help samllholders choose marketing channels, increase marketing and the efficientcy of non-partner samllholders, partner smallholders, and explasma smallholders. The data used in this study are...

Rice is the staple food for largest community in the world belongs to the poaceae family. It is 10,000 years old farming covering alone 11% of arable land. It is considered to be the largest source of energy for poor men. This crop is leading among all other food crop worldwide. In India, it is grown over an area of about 45 million hectares producing about 112.91 million tonnes of grain. In terms of both area and production, it stood second after wheat. It alone provides about 22 percent and 17 percent of calories and proteins to the world's total supply. The yield of paddy in before credit use situation was estimated to be 48 Qt. per ha, which increased to 52 Qt. per ha in after credit use situation. The increase in yield was estimated to be 7.06 percent. The average price realized by farmers for paddy was found to be Rs.950 per Qt. in before credit use situation, while same realized in after credit use situation was Rs.1060 per Qt. Thus, net returns received were found to be increasing by 37.01 percent after credit use situation over the same in before credit use situation.Thehighernetreturnsrealizedinaftercreditusesituationfrompaddy were on account of higher yield obtained and better price fetched by the farmers.

This study focus on market chain actors and their functions they play in the market, to analyze the S-C-P of live cattle in the study area. Few traders dominated the market structure of live cattle in the study area. Degree of competition between traders varies and the live cattle market structure varies from loose oligopoly to tight oligopoly. This shows that in the study area few traders dominated market shares and earns abnormal profit. Entry barriers of the market are high market distant, characterize the market of live cattle and high transportation cost. In addition, market the structure varies for each cattle type. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 56-66, June 2022

This study focus on market chain actors and their functions they play in the market, to analyze the S-C-P of live cattle in the study area. Few traders dominated the market structure of live cattle in the study area. Degree of competition between traders varies and the live cattle market structure varies from loose oligopoly to tight oligopoly. This shows that in the study area few traders dominated market shares and earns abnormal profit. Entry barriers of the market are high market distant, characterize the market of live cattle and high transportation cost. In addition, market the structure varies for each cattle type. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 56-66, June 2022

This study focus on market chain actors and their functions they play in the market, to analyze the S-C-P of live cattle in the study area. Few traders dominated the market structure of live cattle in the study area. Degree of competition between traders varies and the live cattle market structure varies from loose oligopoly to tight oligopoly. This shows that in the study area few traders dominated market shares and earns abnormal profit. Entry barriers of the market are high market distant, characterize the market of live cattle and high transportation cost. In addition, market the structure varies for each cattle type.

The term "supply chain" refers to a network of facilities that includes a variety of companies. To minimise the entire cost of the supply chain, these entities must collaborate. This research focuses on the use of Artificial Intelligence techniques in supply chain management. It includes supply chain management examples like as demand forecasting, supply forecasting, text analytics, pricing panning, and more to help companies improve their processes, lower costs and risk, and boost revenue. It gives us a quick rundown of all the key principles of economics and how to comprehend and use them effectively.

The Andhra Pradesh Mutually Aided Co-operative Societies Act 1995 (APMACS) implemented in the state of Andhra Pradesh has rectified a number of restrictive provisions of the earlier co-operative law in Andhra Pradesh. The average size of the farm was 4.68 ha on mutually aided cooperative society (MACS) and 5.12 ha on non-MACS. Total human labour was 75.75 and 72.50 man days per hectare on groundnut MACS farms and control farms respectively. On an average the total cost of cultivation per hectare of groundnut was Rs. 46,883 on MACS and Rs. 47,699 on non-MACS farms. The gross income realized on MACS farms was slightly higher with Rs. 71,195 as against Rs. 70,697 on non-MACS farms.

The financial industry has been a competitive industry as financial institutions are providing almost similar products and services. This results them in competing based on service quality. In addition to that, the fast evolution in technology has cause Fintech application mobile to be introduced in Malaysia. Thus, this research will look into the several factors affecting customer satisfaction in Malaysia where ease of use, Security & Privacy, Information Presentation, Convenience and Lastly Service Quality will be taken into account by applying variable associated to the integration Theory of Dissonance, Assimilation and Contrast. This paper is a quantitative study where data are collected through online questionnaires. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis have shown that Security and Privacy (SP) is the strong influential factor of customer satisfaction towards Fintech mobile payment services followed by Service Quality (SQ), Information Presentation (IP) and Ease of U...

Piergiorgio Re -Fabrizio Mosca 1.1 Marketing, un concetto complesso e dinamico in evoluzione con la storia Il marketing è una disciplina relativamente giovane, almeno dal punto di vista concettuale. La sua nascita risale, infatti, all'inizio degli anni Trenta del XX secolo, nel periodo in cui l'economia nordamericana viveva il punto culminante della Grande Depressione, una crisi che mise in serio pericolo non solo la sopravvivenza delle imprese statunitensi (molte di esse, infatti, fallirono), ma scosse dalle fondamenta l'intero sistema economico occidentale con i suoi valori. Lo sviluppo del marketing come disciplina manageriale ebbe un ruolo assai rilevante nella rinascita del mercato americano, anzi contribuì a ricrearlo quasi dal nulla e a farlo prosperare. Il marketing fu una delle chiavi di volta che permisero agli studiosi, ai manager e agli imprenditori di ripensare in modo radicalmente nuovo i valori alla base del sistema economico e le strategie che guidano gli scambi commerciali e non, assumendo, di conseguenza, comportamenti efficienti ed efficaci. «Non è un caso che il marketing sia nato in un contesto di crisi profonda, non solo dell'economia, ma, più in generale, dei valori su cui si fondano le strategie e i comportamenti delle imprese. Ogni rivoluzione nasce da una condizione di crisi e il marketing, in questo, non fa eccezione». (Guatri, Vicari e Fiocca, 1999, p. 4) Anche oggi ci troviamo in un periodo di profonda crisi del sistema economico globale e, come vedremo in seguito nei dettagli, di nuovo il marketing può venire in soccorso alle imprese, e più in generale alle organizzazioni (ma anche ai singoli individui), che ne sapranno reinventare le modalità e le applicazioni, reinterpretandone e adattandone le caratteristiche di base alla luce delle mutate condizioni competitive, per coglierne così tutte le enormi potenzialità. Non è agevole identificare il concetto di marketing e anche fornirne una definizione condivisa. Sant'Agostino a proposito del concetto di 'tempo' affermava: "Si nemo ex me quaerat, scio; si quaerenti explicare velim, nescio" (Conf. 11,14,17). In un certo senso lo stesso vale per il marketing. Come il tempo, anche il marketing, infatti, è insieme quasi inafferrabile nella sua totalità ma dappertutto nelle sue manifestazioni, sfuggente sotto il profilo concettuale ma concreto, anzi inesorabile nei suoi effetti pratici, a seconda che sia bene o male impiegato. Il punto di partenza può essere la presa di coscienza che la maggior parte delle attività e dell'agire in generale dell'uomo, delle organizzazioni e delle imprese ha in qualche modo a che fare con l'orientamento verso un proprio pubblico di riferimento. Occuparsi di marketing significa in primo luogo rivolgersi ad altri soggetti, ad altre persone. Molti studiosi, soprattutto europei ma non solo, concordano sulla inafferrabilità del concetto. «Anzitutto vi è da dire che, nonostante i ripetuti tentativi definitori, alcuni dei quali anche assai coraggiosi e innovativi, a tutt'oggi è arduo rinvenire nella letteratura economico-aziendale e nella operatività delle imprese un'unica definizione condivisa di marketing. Il marketing spazia, infatti, in territori conoscitivi assai ampi ed è a tal punto flessibile da adattarsi senza gravi difficoltà a condizioni d'applicazione molto diverse». (Guatri et al., 1999, p. 3) L'inafferrabilità del concetto di marketing non è un problema meramente accademico, ma riguarda in concreto anche le imprese e le organizzazioni. La difficoltà di definire che cosa sia il marketing e quali siano le aree di competenza di chi ne ha la responsabilità all'interno della struttura crea spesso equivoci che possono mettere a rischio il successo sul mercato, come sottolineano Winer, Dhar e Mosca (2013): «L'istituzione dell'area funzionale marketing presso molte aziende sta creando una pericolosa confusione. In alcuni casi, infatti, i manager ritengono che il marketing, all'interno del sistema impresa, sia rappresentato esclusivamente dai

The present study was carried out in the Nalbari district of Assam to analyze marketing of rice. Both marketing and constraints related important factors were studied. The Nalbari district was selected purposively for the study as the district is a predominantly rice growing district and also from the points of convenience and acquaintance of the researcher. A Multistage Stratified Random Sampling technique was used to select the ultimate sample units i.e., the rice growing farmers from six selected villages of two development blocks, viz, Tihu and Borigog-Banbhag. In total 120 rice growers were selected randomly for the study. The study indicated that major thrust should be given on, good road network for better transportation, dissemination of new technology, assured input supply and strong marketing support like storage structure, processing facilities in rural areas.

This research is aimed at confirming whether the autonomous vehicles (AV) for last-mile delivery is sustainable in terms of three aspects-social sustainability, environmental sustainability, and economic sustainability. The safety was solely considered for the social sustainability because of its importance of AV application for lastmile delivery. This study finds that it is relatively safe to use AVs for delivery because of the speed limit of actual society and the good road conditions provide the ground that AV runs safely for last-mile delivery in urban areas. Besides, AV has a special advantage when facing pandemic. For environmental sustainability, the emission problem is the main concern. It is concluded that AV has a significant advantage in emission reduction in terms of a series of emissions. This mainly results from the driving behaviors difference between AV and human vehicles. As for the economic sustainability of AV, this research adopted a quantitative way to illustrate because the cost of AV is essential to consider because of AV's commercial nature. The research reveals the cost advantage of AV under different carrying capabilities.

This paper proposes to create data-driven perspectives on airline ticketing data by defining groups of air travel itineraries independently of geographical or temporal attributes. We demonstrate the approach by analysing an extensive empirical data set featuring ticketing data from several carriers as collected by the Airlines Reporting Corporation. The analysis compares five cluster quality indicators to evaluate effects of pre-processing and clustering decisions. Benchmarking the results against a more traditional geographical grouping demonstrates the potential for data-driven analysis. Finally, we highlight ways in which the resulting cluster perspectives could support demand forecasting, performance evaluation, and analyst interventions.

We specify a principal-agent marketing channel involving producers, wholesalers, retailers and a futures market. Our hedge ratio for producers appears to be much lower than the common price-risk minimising ones as we account for producers&#39; vertical contracts and, by using annual data, their production horizon. The Dutch ware potato marketing channel and its futures market in Amsterdam show that possibly through decreases in producers&#39; and wholesalers&#39; risk aversions, their optimal dynamic hedge ratios decreased from 38% and 12%, respectively, in 1982 to 18% and 10%, respectively, in 2003. These results comply with the decreased futures volume traded in Amsterdam over the years.

We use the classic agency model to derive a time-varying optimal hedge ratio for low-frequency time-series data: the type of data used by crop farmers when deciding about production and about their hedging strategy. Rooted in the classic agency framework, the proposed hedge ratio reflects the context of both the crop farmer's decision and the crop farmer's contractual relationships in the marketing channel. An empirical illustration of the Dutch ware potato sector and its futures market in Amsterdam over the period 1971-2003 reveals that the time-varying optimal hedge ratio decreased from 0.34 in 1971 to 0.24 in 2003. The hedging effectiveness, according to this ratio, is 39%. These estimates conform better with farmers' interest in using futures contracts for hedging purposes than the much higher estimates obtained when price risk minimisation is the only objective considered.

Purpose This paper aims to identify key marketing and supply chain management-related (supply chain management – SCM) capabilities and explore the nature of the linkages between these specific capabilities as shaped by the integrative mechanisms adopted by firms. Design/methodology/approach Based on the findings from dyadic interviews with 26 marketing and SCM executives from business-to-business firms, the authors develop an empirically grounded conceptual framework. Findings The authors identify innovativeness and market learning capability as key marketing capabilities and supply chain agility and relational capability as key SCM capabilities. The authors find that relationships between these strategic marketing and SCM capabilities follow a specific pattern. The authors also find that the application of unique integrative mechanisms can cultivate the potential tandem between marketing and SCM capabilities. Research limitations/implications The study informs theory with regard to...

This study examines how organizational form (corporate or franchised store) and local market characteristics (competition, size and risk of sanctions) influence retail stores' likelihood of selling alcohol to minors. Drawing on agency theory, we hypothesize that franchised stores are more likely than corporate stores to sell alcohol to minors. We also examine whether local market competition, risk of sanctions, and market size influence the relationship between franchising and alcohol sales to minors. We test the hypotheses with data collected by minors attempting to purchase alcohol in retail stores. The results offer partial support to the theoretical predictions and have implications for retail chains and regulators.

In order to determine the socioeconomic aspects of fish farmers in Dumki Upazila under Patuakhali district, a questionnaire survey was conducted in different villages of the Upazila. Data was collected from 40 farm owners for a period of six months from February to July, 2015. The present study indicated that majority of fish farmers (77.5%) were 26-45 years old. On the other hand, 17.5% respondents were less than 25 years old and 5% respondents were 18-15 years old. It was found that majority of the farmers (65%) gained their experience from relatives, 2% from friends and neighbors, 10% by self-education, 5% from DoF and 6% from NGO&#39;s. According to the study, about 60% farmers were involved in agriculture, 12.5% farmers involved for vegetable growing, 12.5% farmers involved in poultry rearing and 5% farmers involved in livestock farming. About 80% farmers were identified as medium producers (3000-4000) kg/ha./yr, 15% as low producers (2000-3000) and only 5% farmer identified as...

Sibsa River is a significant and familiar river in south-west Bangladesh in terms of fish production and source of income for many fishermen living around it. The present study was planned to assess the current fish diversity status of this river. Fish samples were collected fortnightly from six sampling stations of the Sibsa River at Khulna district in South-Western Bangladesh during May 2011 to April 2012. A total of 61 species of fish under 10 orders and 27 families were recorded. Perciformes were most leading order constituting 42.62% of the total fish population followed by Siluriformes (11.48%), Clupeiformes (9.84%), Pleuronectiformes (3.29%), Synbranchiformes (3.29%), Osteoglossiformes (1.64%), Beloniformes (1.64%), Mugiliformes (4.92%), Cypriniformes (16.39%) and Tetraodontiformes (4.92%). Fishes in this river are seriously affected by the various kinds of human development interventions and activities. Under this circumstance, a better understanding of the diversity and dis...

Aims: The study investigated the impacts of COVID-19 on livelihood status of coastal Shrimp farmers using farm size, production and income of South-west Bangladesh. Study Design: This study is empirical in its design. Data on socio-economic factors were collected randomly from selected Shrimp farmers.  Both open and closed ended questionnaire and directed to the Shrimp farmers of South-west coastal region of Bangladesh. Place and Duration of Study: The present study was carried out at Khulna district (seven selected Shrimp farming locations; viz., Paikgacha, Lasker, Goroikhali, Lata, Kapilmuni, Amadi and Koyra) of Bangladesh for a period of five months during pandemic of COVID-19 (April-August, 2020). Methodology: The key data were collected from face to face interview of 120 respondents. A brief outline about the nature and aim of the study was given to each respondent before the interview was commenced. The information of the respondents were written in the questionnaire immediate...

Introduction: To analyze the impact of marketing losses on efficiency in transacting banana in Kurnool district of SRZ in Andhra Pradesh and to assess the opinions of the farmers on the constraints in transacting banana. Research back ground, Materials and Methods: The study relies exclusively on primary information obtained from the banana farmers of Kurnool District. Purposive sampling procedure was followed for the selection of the study area. Top two mandals in the district and top two villages in each mandal are selected in accordance with the area under cultivation of banana. Probability proportion to size was followed regarding the selection of sample farmers and accordingly 60 marginal, 37 small and 23 other farmers were selected and thereby, the total sample size was 120. Result and Discussion: Three marketing channels were identified in the marketing of banana in Kurnool district viz., Producer → Local-exporter → Wholesaler → Retailer → Consumer (Channel-I), Producer → Wholesaler → Cart-vendor → Consumer (Channel-II) and Producer → Juice-holder → Consumer (Channel-III). With the inclusion of marketing losses in the price spread analysis of banana in all the three channels, the marketing costs of all the intermediaries were increased and thereby, the farmer's share in consumer's rupee and Net Marketing Margins of the agencies are on the decline. So, without inclusion of marketing losses, the farmer's share in consumer's rupee and Net Marketing Margins of all the agencies are overvalued. The higher the marketing losses, the more is the negative impact on farmer's net selling price, net marketing margins of the intermediaries and

In this study we will present the most common and adequate network measures to analyse graph properties and to inspect the prominence of each player on a soccer team. Both approaches can provide a range of useful information. This kind of analysis will help to identify the prominence of players and also characterize the collective organization and patterns of the teams. General measures and centrality levels will be described and the applications will be discussed. By using social network analysis will be possible to quantify the structure of play and predict some behaviour. Such methodology will add new options to the field of match analysis.

La disponibilità degli item, nei tempi in cui le attività ne necessitano, è un elemento cruciale per ogni progetto nel settore impiantista. Negli ultimi anni si è assistito ad un aumento della concorrenza nel settore degli approvvigionamenti della componentistica causato dalla globalizzazione e liberalizzazione dei mercati, che, da un lato, ha generato una richiesta di sempre maggiori prestazioni, servizi

We apply the classic agency model to investigate risk shifting in an agricultural marketing channel, using time series analysis. We show that if the principal is risk-neutral and the agent is risk-averse instead of risk-neutral, then a linear contract can still be optimal if the fixed payment is negative. Empirical results for the Dutch potato marketing channel indicate that while fixed payments to farmers (agents) have decreased over time, even to negative levels, the incentive intensity has approximately doubled, and the risk premium the farmers ask for has remained considerable. These results imply that risk has shifted from wholesalers, processors, and retailers to farmers; we argue that this shift could be the consequence of chain reversal, i.e., the transformation of the traditional supply chain into a demand-oriented chain.

Remoteness, poor infrastructures, labor shortages, small quantities of seed at the producer level and few private seed traders are inherent problems in maize seed production and marketing in the hills of Nepal. Farm-saved seed, including seed exchange and private sector supply are the main sources of improved maize seeds in Nepal. Using the primary data collected from 200 respondents across 20 hilly districts of Nepal, this paper analyzes marketing chains and the efficiency of marketing of improved maize seed along the supply chains. The results show five major maize seed marketing chains. Chain I involved producers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers and consumers; Chain II involved producers, collectors, wholesalers and consumers; Chain III involved producers, collectors, retailers and consumers; Chain IV involved producers, collectors and consumers; and Chain V involved producers and consumers. A total of 64.3 tons of improved maize seed was marketed through the identified chains...

The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of consumer behavior on brand success. Consumer behavior is a study of consumers and their methods to choose, consume, and dispose of products and services, including their social, cognitive, and developmental progress. Panasonic Corporation may face the issues of consumer behavior which affects customer satisfaction and loyalty affecting the company’s development. This paper presents the factors of consumer behavior that may bring Panasonic to its success. The findings provide particular qualities to enhance the opportunity of increasing its customer satisfaction and guidance for potential development.

This study was carried out to explore the fish marketing system and species combination in five village fish markets of Paikgachha Upazila, Bangladesh. Nine marketing channels were found in the retail markets and the shortest channel was observed when consumers directly bought fish from the producers. Most of the retailers were 30-45 years old whereas, 40% had no opportunity to receive institutional education though all of them can sign their name. In the retail markets, most of the fishes were sold without ice. Moreover, a total of 93 species were found whereas 65.59, 10.75, 9.68 and 13.98% were inland fish, marine fish, exotic fish and crustacean species, respectively. Perciformes (29.03%) outnumbered the other 11 orders and Cyprinidae was represented as dominant following 38 families. Most of the fish and shellfishes were (73.12%) available from capture fisheries and the fishes were harvested from nearby rivers of the study area. In the markets 37, 10, 8 and 6 inland species were in the least concern, near threatened, endangered and vulnerable category, respectively in the aspect of their biodiversity status in Bangladesh. Among the inland fishes, 39 species were small indigenous fish species (SIS) and demands for riverine fishes were higher than the culture fishes. The price of most of the fish and shellfishes were within 251 to 500 BDT per kg whereas, the maximum price of Tenualosa ilisha was higher than 750 BDT kg. Thirteen major constraints in the fish markets were identified by the fish traders.

The innovativeness and competitiveness of online retailing has reshaped business activities. The market has grown hitherto its revenue rate cannot be compared with traditional retailing. Online retailing provides opportunities for e-retailers and customers who are physically distant to transact with each other. Therefore, the range of services offered by e-retailers has positioned the market to be more competitive than ever thought. This study aims in analysing and evaluating the possible impact of return policies on customer loyalty and satisfaction in an e-retailing environment. The return policies are capable of improving customer services to acquire repeated customer patronage and as well create long-term relationship that is essential for business growth. Loyalty is individual intention to repurchase products through a particular retailer. E-retailer must understand customer online shopping drivers in order to benefit from customer loyalty. Consumer satisfaction is measurable a...