Maritime Training and Education

Thesis Title: Careers and Labour Market Flexibility in Global Industries: The Case of Seafarers
The flexibilisation of labour in the global labour market has been a bone of contention among scholars from different disciplines over the past four decades. On the one hand, such employment is seen as a detrimental practice to employees, who might lose their occupational identity as well as constantly experience job insecurity and uncertainty. On the other hand, flexible employment is perceived as the pillar of freedom, enabling individuals to fulfil their potential through increasing labour market opportunities. In an attempt to assess these competing views within the context of a global industry where flexible employment is commonplace, the shipping industry has been chosen as the basis of an investigation to answer the following research questions:
1. To what extent are flexible employment arrangements perceived as beneficial to employers?
2. What are the perceived implications of flexible employment arrangements for employees?
3. What is the relationship between the flexibility of employment and the occupational identities of seafarers?
To answer these research questions, qualitative research methods were used to speak to over 70 participants. The methods included mostly semi-structured in-depth interviews and informal conversations conducted aboard a cargo ship.
The findings of the thesis can be largely divided into three main aspects. First, the thesis sheds light on the complexities of flexible employment in the shipping industry (i.e. the perceived negative and positive implications of such employment) for employers and employees. Secondly, using the shipping industry as an example, the thesis challenges current widespread views about the benefits of flexible employment to employers. Thirdly, the thesis presents the idea of a ‘double occupational identity’ to describe the often-complex occupational identity of seafarers related to differences in perceived labour market power.
Several strengths, limitations, and recommendations for policy and also for major stakeholders in the shipping industry are raised at the end of the thesis.
Key words: Career; Employment; Flexible Labour; Global Labour Market; In-Depth Interviews; Job; Occupational Identity; Precarious Work; Qualitative Research Methods; Seafarers; Seafaring Career; Shipping; Work.

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is intended, primarily, to allow ships to “view” marine traffic in their area and to “be seen” by that traffic; it is an automatic tracking system used on ships and by Vessel Traffic Services (VTS). AIS integrates a standardized VHF transceiver with a positioning system such as a GPS receiver, with other electronic navigation sensors (such as a gyro-compass or a rate of turn indicator). Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers can be tracked by AIS base stations located along coast lines or, when out of range of terrestrial networks, through a growing number of satellites that are fitted with special AIS receivers which are capable of "de-conflicting" a large number of signatures. AIS is an open-sourced system that relies on VHF broadcasts on open frequencies. It is therefore vulnerable to malicious transmissions and runs the risk of being manipulated by individuals seeking to deceive the system. Briefly, the system under discussion is vulnerable to data manipulation, spoofing and hacking. It is also necessary to point out that there are two main type of manipulation: a) Internet based and b) “actually” altering AIS transmissions. The most common and widely recognized issue of AIS manipulation has been with Internet-related usage of AIS data on publicly available websites that display data compiled from multiple sources. The other manipulation possibility is within the live AIS network of transmissions to and from vessels via VHF.

The Australian Maritime College (AMC) has a major objective to innovate and build better practice in e-learning by developing high quality learning for anyone, anytime, anywhere. One strategy that the AMC has undertaken to achieve this is to fund a number of e-initiatives (learning and teaching projects being undertaken using digital technologies) each year between 2012 and 2016. To gain maximum long-term benefit from this project it is essential to develop an evidence based approach, studying each initiative’s effectiveness and derive learning and teaching (L&T) principles for using technology within the maritime context. This paper describes a project to explore, implement and document e-learning principles relevant to the maritime education context. The project uses an educational design-based approach. At conclusion of the project it is expected that a number of learning designs and guiding principles for maritime education will be developed.

LNG as a maritime fuel continues to grow globally as the primary or (in many cases a) dual-fuel for vessels.This includes both new build and converted vessels and barges.Related IMO's advisories and regulations are already influencing mariners everyday life. It will, therefore, require training to  ensure the safe handling of LNG fuel operations at all times and emphasis should be on how to prevent accidents from happening. Nevertheless, familiarization with what to do when an accident does happen is also vital.

From the shipping industry’s point of view cold winters mean nothing else than trouble. Navigation in Arctic waters is unique compared to all other ship operations. Significant changes in climate and their impacts are visible regionally and are expected to become more pronounced in the next decades. Trade in ice covered waters continues to grow and increasingly, operators looking for future flexibility are building ships classed for operations in ice. In the future the Northwest Passage and Northern Sea Route are likely to provide alternative shipping lines for international trade. Ice navigation is probably the most difficult and challenging mode of navigation possible. Few other areas of maritime operation are exposing the ship and its crew for more dangerous situations.
The use of ship-bridge simulators is becoming an accepted method of training in the maritime education. Many simulator-based training courses were developed ad hoc, often designed to individual requirements of a shipping company or training establishment. For ice navigation module, the goal of training module is to reduce the risks of winter navigation and to ensure safe operations even in severe ice conditions.
This article aims to analyze effectiveness of maritime simulation systems on strengthening the maritime training for ice navigation module in Dokuz Eylül University Maritime Faculty.

This 19-page  paper conveys significant  developments on Maritime and Education and Training(MET)  in the areas of research, curriculum, and human resources development made possible by the ASEAN-EU University Network Programme (AUNP) Research networking project. Remarkably led by the Seafarers International Research Centre (SIRC Diretcor Prof  Helen Sampson), Cardiff University, UK and funded by the European Commission, this pioneering project involving maritime institutions was first of its kind not only in the Philippines but also in AUNP. The Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific (MAAP), Philippines was an active project partner  of this AUNP research networking project  along with  other  maritime institutions in Asia and Europe  namely: Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA),  Singapore Maritime Academy (SMA ),  the Polytechnic University(UPC), Catalunya Spain and the Cardiff University. Aware of the project’s over-all goals to contribute to human resource development in MET and higher standards in MET schools, and to contribute to greater standards of safety at sea and higher levels of competence amongst seafarers aboard merchant cargo vessels, MAAP had participated in the following four (4) activities (discrete but closely linked elements): (1) Research Methods with SPSS Training, (2) Teacher Training Course, (3) Research –Led Seminar Workshops and (4) Execution of a Small Collaborative Action Research Project. Nine MAAP faculty and staff participated in the project. They have cascaded the things learned to the MAAP community and have initiated useful activities to accomplish the following specific objectives:
• Raise standards of teaching among MAAP junior or inexperienced staff in maritime
• Increase understanding of research methods amongst inexperienced staff in maritime
• Stimulate maritime research-led curriculum development in MAAP 
• Increase knowledge of pertinent current research projects and their findings 
• Increase research capacity and networks either within and outside MAAP and within the EU and ASEAN & between ASEAN and EU. This paper presents the background and rationale of the project ( Jan 2004-Jan 2006) , the impact of the  AUNP project on Human Resource Development  in MAAP, the different activities initiated and spearheaded by MAAP participants for the accomplishment of the project objectives, the first AUNP grant holders meeting in the Philippines,  the site monitoring visit by the AUNP- project management office and the external final evaluation of the AUNP project by the Cambridge Education limited. This paper ends with conclusions and relevant recommendations. Dr Angelica M Baylon served as the AUNP project officer for MAAP and MAAP President VAdm Eduardo Ma. R. Santos  as the adviser.

Acquisition efforts for complex human-machine systems have all too often treated training as an after thought even though training is often expected to accommodate for system performance shortfalls. By incorporating the identification of training requirements early during the system acquisition process and by conducting comprehensive Human Systems Integration (HSI) trade-off analyses, Program Managers can realize two important benefits. First, systems engineers will acquire a fuller understanding of the system's operation and a better interface with system users will be achieved. Second, and most importantly, any adverse impact due to training (e.g., long, costly training pipelines) that may influence system life-cycle cost and performance can be addressed early in the overall system design process.

Part I Overview
List the requirements for MOC, together with the definitions of the different types of MOCs and the requirements that apply to all.
Part II Technical
Explaines the process, requirements, responsibilities and competencies specific to Technical MOCs.
Part III Administrative
Explaines the process, requirements, responsibilities and competencies specific to Administrative MOCs.
Part IV Organisational
Explains the process, requirements, responsibilities and competencies specific to Organizational MOCs
1. How to Use this Document
This document applies to any change to propulsion or changes to the engine(s), and everybody involved in the MOC process follows any other engine and related equipment, Process, or People with the potential to affect the safe, compliant and reliable operating activity and should.
To ensure MOC is completed consistently across procedures through the fleet must remain the same.
This procedure(s) conforms to as a minimum to standards of a tanker shipping industry and TMSA 3 requirements.
2. Deviations
Requests to deviate from the standard procedure should follow the process for deviating from a procedure, including the completion of a MOC to be reviewed by DPA or any other appropriate person in charge.

the Atlantic, as seen from the South and the top, in On a Marché sur la Lune, Hergé, with the young reporter Tintin, the great Professeur Tryphon Tournesol, and poor treacherous Wolf ouverture, the grand Mare Nostrum, then a Mare Clausum: Tordesilhas XVI Century Portuguese commercial routes (in blue) and "Spanish" ones (in white)

Toddler family cadre is a community members work voluntarily in fostering and providing information to parents of toddlers about how to properly care for children. Toddler Family cadre desperately need training to increase their skills. There are still a few Toddler family cadres who get training so that the knowledge and skills of parents and other family members in developing toddlers' growth through physical stimulation, motoric intelligence, emotional and social economy as well as possible are still lacking. The purpose of this study is to develop an Android-assisted Toddler family cadre training model in Demak. This research is research in tian research and development. The research location was in Demak Regency. Toddler family cadres became the object of this research. Development of Toddler family cadre training models assisted by Android in Demak is feasible to be used as an effort to improve Toddler Family cadres' capabilities.

Les pilotes ont été pendant les premières décennies du XVIIIème les personnages de référence à bord des navires. Il s'agissait d'hommes distingués par leur mérite, qui rendaient d'importants services à la Marine de guerre. Ils jouissaient de la considération des officiers, régissaient et maniaient à discrétion toute la partie nautique du bateau et conseillaient les commandants pour les navigations. Certains d'entre eux, par leurs bons services, ont été assimilés aux officiers de classe subalterne de l’Armada royale. Mais, passées les premières décennies du siècle, la connaissance des officiers en ce qui concerne les parties relatives au pilotage a considérablement augmenté grâce à l’élévation du niveau exigé dans leur instruction académique. Peu à peu, fut éliminée cette ancienne dépendance qui liait l’officier au pilote et, conséquemment, la faveur dont ces derniers jouissaient à bord. De cette manière on eût même, au sein de l’Armada, l'exemple d'un petit groupe d’officiers excellents dans l'étude du pilotage, exemple que beaucoup ont essayé d'imiter et qui a déprécié tant les traditions officielles que les marins chasse et brasse (caza y braza), c'est-à-dire, les praticiens formés sur le tas et les manœuvriers. Nombre d’officiers s’imaginèrent alors pouvoir feindre de posséder la connaissance, sans encore en disposer, et la faire passer pour comprise alors qu'elle ne l’était pas. Cette situation a favorisé à la fois le charlatanisme et la dévalorisation des pilotes, bien qu'ils étaient aussi utiles et nécessaires qu'auparavant. Sous cet apparent engouement pour ce qui est scientifique, quelques pilotes endurèrent certains traitements officiels et des humiliations indignes de leur classe et de leur mérite. Ces années étant passées, les choses reprirent leur cours normal, et les pilotes retrouvèrent la considération des officiers, fondée sur leur expérience et leurs services.
Toutefois, demeurait la question de savoir comment concilier dans l'organisation de l’Armada, deux corps distincts, celui des pilotes et celui des officiers, présentant des compétences communes, génératrices de nombreux conflits en opération. Les pilotes étaient encore utiles pour beaucoup de raisons. Les officiers ne pouvaient pas tous devenir des pilotes experts et, même si quelques uns d’entre eux y parvenaient, un pilote détenait toujours de plus grandes connaissances pratiques en totalisant plus d'heures de navigation. En outre, les pilotes non seulement étaient compétents dans l'exercice du pilotage, mais démontraient aussi une expérience dans «les choses de la mer», par exemple en matière de manœuvre et de chargement, ce qui n'était pas négligeable. Dans les réunions tenues à bord, l'avis du pilote face à une situation d'urgence (naufrage, tempête…) comptait pour beaucoup. Le problème fut résolu avec l'extinction du Corps des Pilotes de l’Armada en 1846 et l’intégration des pilotes qui en étaient issus au nombre des officiers. À partir de ce moment, le déroutement du navire, passa sous la responsabilité de l’officier appelé adjoint de déroutage (ayudante de derrota) .

Pour répondre à la question formulée antérieurement, l'emploi des connaissances des pilotes par la Marine de guerre espagnole aboutit à des résultats optimaux, en faisant de cette question un élément vital du bon déroulement des navigations. La valeur de la science vernaculaire du pilote a été toujours très grande, s'agissant d'hommes de mer très habiles et sûrs dans leur exercice, qui naviguaient généralement depuis leur jeunesse, toujours en obéissant, et fidèles à l'accomplissement de leur devoir. Leurs compétences, acquises après de longues années de navigation, ne provenaient pas uniquement des livres ou des écoles, et ce savoir a été précisément celui qui soutint la force principale de l’Armada royale espagnole du XVIIIème siècle. Les pilotes de guerre ont ainsi répondu aux besoins réels du service grâce à leurs innombrables navigations et leur grande expérience maritime.

Los pilotos fueron durante las primeras décadas del XVIII el oráculo de los bajeles. Se trataba de hombres de distinguido mérito, que prestaban importantes servicios a la Marina de guerra. Gozaban de la consideración de los oficiales, gobernaban y manejaban a discreción todo el aspecto náutico del bajel y aconsejaban a los comandantes en las navegaciones. Algunos de ellos, por sus buenos servicios, quedaron igualados a las clases subalternas de los oficiales de la Real Armada. Pero, transcurridas las primeras décadas de siglo, el conocimiento de los oficiales sobre asuntos tocantes al pilotaje aumentó considerablemente gracias al alto nivel de exigencia, propio de su instrucción académica. Poco a poco, se fue eliminando esa antigua dependencia que mantenía el oficial con el piloto y, consiguientemente, el favor que éstos últimos disfrutaban a bordo. Incluso llegó a ponerse de moda en el ámbito de la Armada el ejemplo de un pequeño grupo de oficiales sobresalientes en el estudio del pilotaje, que muchos trataron de imitar y que llevó al menoscabo de los tradicionales oficiales y marinos de caza y braza, es decir, de los practicones y maniobristas. No pocos oficiales a partir de entonces pretendieron aparentar ciencia, incluso sin tenerla, y pasar por entendidos en lo que no lo eran. Esta situación favoreció incluso el charlatanismo y el desprecio a los pilotos, a pesar de que seguían siendo igual de útiles y necesarios que antes. Bajo esta falsa moda por lo científico, algunos naucheres sufrieron por parte de ciertos oficiales tratamientos y humillaciones impropias de su clase y mérito. Pasados esos años, las aguas volvieron a su cauce y los pilotos recuperaron el aprecio de sus oficiales, basado en su experiencia y servicios.
Sin embargo, quedaba en el aire el problema de cómo manejar dos cuerpos, pilotos y oficiales, en el organigrama de la Armada, con competencias comunes generadoras de abundantes conflictos laborales. Los pilotos seguían siendo útiles por muchas razones. No todos los oficiales conseguían ser expertos pilotos y, aunque algunos lo consiguieran, un piloto siempre contaba con mayores conocimientos prácticos al contar con más horas de navegación. Además, los pilotos no sólo eran hábiles en el ejercicio del pilotaje. También mostraban destreza en las “cosas de la mar”, así como en lo relativo a la maniobra y a la estiba, que no era poco. En las juntas celebradas a bordo, la opinión del piloto a la hora de afrontar una situación de emergencia (naufragio, tempestad…) era muy tenida en cuenta. El problema se resolvió con la extinción del Cuerpo de Pilotos de la Armada en el año 1846 y la inclusión de los pilotos procedentes del Cuerpo en las filas de la oficialidad. A partir de entonces, la derrota pasó a la responsabilidad del oficial denominado ayudante de derrota .
Contestando a la pregunta formulada con anterioridad, el aprovechamiento de los conocimientos de los pilotos por parte de la Marina de guerra española se hizo con resultados óptimos, convirtiéndose esta cuestión en un elemento vital para el buen desarrollo de las navegaciones. El valor de la ciencia experimental del piloto fue siempre muy grande, por tratarse de hombres de mar muy diestros y seguros en su ejercicio, que solían navegar desde su juventud, con obediencia y fieles al cumplimiento del deber. Sus habilidades, atesoradas tras largos años de navegación, no se adquirían únicamente en los libros ni en las academias, y ese saber fue precisamente el que sustentó el peso principal de la Real Armada española durante el siglo XVIII. Los pilotos de guerra cubrieron las necesidades reales del servicio con sus innumerables travesías y su gran experiencia marinera.

Preface Training Managers Manual strikes a balance between research and real practices. It provides students with a solid background in the fundamentals of training and development such as needs assessment, transfer of training, learning environment design, methods, and evaluation. It provides Training Managers with a solid background in the fundamentals of training and development such as needs assessment, transfer of training, learning environment design, methods, and evaluation. To help employees better understand the relationship between the main elements of the book This edition is updated with new material on coaching in a crisis and leadership for a difficult future. training managers manual is the bible of the industry and very much the definitive work that all coaches stand on. This new edition explains clearly and in-depth how to unlock people s potential to maximize their performance Contains the eponymous GROW model (Goals, Reality, Options, Will), now established as the basis for coaching professionals. Clear, concise, hands-on and reader-friendly, this is a coaching guide written in a coaching style. It digs deep into the roots of coaching, particularly transpersonal psychology, a useful model for personal development and in-depth coaching. There are new coaching questions and fresh chapters on emotional intelligence and high-performance leadership. Whitmore also considers the future of coaching and its role in the transformation of learning and workplace relationships, as well as illustrating how coaching can help in a crisis.

Die MK Tegetthoff stellt einen Rückblick der letzten Monate, der Seefahrtsgeschichte, interessante Lebensläufe, auf die See bezogene Neuerungen und Ausblicke für ihre Mitglieder und alle maritim Interessierten zur Verfügung, um die Tradition der 'Österreichischen Marinen' aufrecht zu erhalten, ihre Verdienste zu würdigen und neues, maritimes Interesse zu wecken!

n view of the exponential growth, now is the time to help the hotel industry transform itself and embrace project management as a strategic competence. Hotel Owners Manual  is for those who manage hotel opening projects, including hotel project developers, hotel management company Head, hotel owners and asset managers, hotel vendors…all the way to hotel educational institutions. It explains that the traditional approaches to opening new hotels do not work efficiently, cause delay after delay, and cannot be scaled, thus new, more effective strategies are required.

Book reveals the enormous opportunity available to hotel owners, operators, and their professional advisors by adopting the formal project management practices

The Indian hotel industry is experiencing unprecedented growth. Over the next Ten years, without a project and operations management approach, this will not be possible. In this book, author Gajanan Shirke-MIH considers the plans for future hotel operation in India, illustrate the scale of the problem, analyzes why traditional approaches will not be able to facilitate, and why project management methodologies are the best way forward.

Hotel Owners Manual will help you build a foundation for success in meeting deadlines for the hospitality industry, development.

Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar 2015, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Cti, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Indonesia, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Jakarta, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Eropa, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Terbaru 2015, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Jogja, Lowongan Kerja Kapal Pesiar Di Jakarta, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar 2015, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar Jakarta, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar Bali, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar Eropa, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar Januari 2015, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar Terbaru 2015, Lowongan Kerja Di Kapal Pesiar Disney, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar 2015, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Terbaru, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Holland America Line, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Cti, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Di Bali, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Terbaru 2015, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Asia, Lowongan Kapal Pesiar Indonesia, Lowongan Kerja Awak Kapal Pesiar, Lowongan Kerja Crew Awak Kapal Pesiar

Abstract: This study explores the leadership actions-oriented behavior of school principals in Finland. Actions-orientated behavior
enables the leader to appropriately articulate relations and task orientation to meet the immediate contextual demands and
to accommodate followership toward change and development. The leadership actions-orientated behavior of Finnish school
principals were studied in three schools. In-depth interviews with school actors (principals, vice principals, teachers, special
educators, and nonteaching staff) were conducted to triangulate the analyzed data. It was found that leadership actions-oriented
behavior enabled school leaders to articulate appropriate behavioral patterns to generate motivation and commitment. The
results suggest that actions orientations toward high-on relations enabled leaders to achieve leadership success, while actions
orientations toward high-on task enabled leadership effectiveness. Actions-oriented behavior toward high-on task enables
leadership flexibility with greater leadership elasticity. The results suggest that school actors anticipated a relational approach,
whose actions orientations were high-on task. The results also suggest that relations-oriented behavior is rationally applied by
school leaders who have remained in the organization for a longer time to strengthen the systematic approach. It was found
that leaders’ actions orientation with high-on task were more effective, while leadership actions orientation with high-on
relations generated social harmony. The results suggest that leadership actions-oriented behavioral flexibility and mobility can
be maintained by articulating high relations to low relations and high task to low task, not necessarily from task to relations or
relations to task alone. In doing so, a leader’s personality is prevented from distortions and behavior dysfunction.

Keywords: leadership behavior, actions-oriented behavior, relations-oriented behavior, task-oriented behavior, contextual variation,
leader’s case study, behavioral articulation, Finland, Skills, Ability, Competences and Intelligence (SACI)

8000 Definitions in Navigation, Seamanship, Rigging, Meteorology, Astronomy, Naval Architecture, Average, Ship Economics, Hydrography, Cargo Stowage, Marine Engineering, Ice Terminology, Buoyage, Yachting, etc.
BY
C. W. T. LAYTON, F. R. A. S., M. R. I. N.. Assoc. R. I. N. A.
REVISED BY
PETER CLISSOLD
Commander R. N. R. (Retd.), Master Mariner, Younger Brother of Trinity House, Fellow of
the Royal Institute of Navigation.
THIS EDITION REVISED BY Captain A. G. W. MILLER, Extra Master

Die MK Tegetthoff stellt einen Rückblick der letzten Monate, der Seefahrtsgeschichte, interessante Lebensläufe, auf die See bezogene Neuerungen und Ausblicke für ihre Mitglieder und alle maritim Interessierten zur Verfügung, um die Tradition der 'Österreichischen Marinen' aufrecht zu erhalten, ihre Verdienste zu würdigen und neues, maritimes Interesse zu wecken!

The aim of this study is to make a comparison between the regulatory framework and actual common practice concerning the teaching and use of Maritime English. This comparison is directed at understanding the variables and identifying the issues that lead to the divergence between the two. Therefore, by relying on a custom-designed survey, this work investigates the way in which these issues interlink with the Italian Maritime English Teaching system and delves deeper into the perception that seafarers have of this matter.

The Program in Maritime Studies is extremely grateful to numerous individuals and organizations that made this exciting project possible and successful for a second year. We are very appreciative of the Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación (SINAC; trans: National System of Conservation Areas), Ministerio de Ambiente, Energia y Telecommunications (MINAE; trans: Ministry of Environment, Energy and Telecommunications), and Cahuita Comisión de Gobernanca officials in Costa Rica who processed the permit and paperwork for our Centro de Embajadores y Embajadoras del Mar (Centro) and East Carolina University (ECU) team. Several ECU staff members assisted in the preparations and navigation of administrative aspects of the field school expedition on the home front. This included our maritime studies program administrator, Karen Underwood, and the staff of ECU Continuing Studies office, Jennifer Baysden and Renae Williams. We greatly appreciate our driver to the Raleigh-Durham airport, Janie Knutson and driver assistant Tyler Caldwell. As always, we are deeply grateful to our dive safety office for all the expert training and DSO Mark Keusenkothen for being an integral part of the team, and for making sure we all dive safely. This year Kim Kenyon, Underwater Archeologist and Conservator from the Queen Anne's Revenge Project, under the NC Office of State Archaeology, joined our team and was an integral and very valuable part of the educational team.