Integrated Project Delivery

The main aim of this paper was to find out the main causes of delay in construction projects in India. The research design was quantitative, where the data was collected from clients, consultants and contractors using questionnaires. The questionnaire had a list of delay causing factors of which the respondents were ask to rank each according to the 5 point likert scale. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Scientists (SPSS). The results obtained indicate that the top major causes of delay were; fluctuation of prices of construction materials, shortage of materials, inaccurate time estimation, and errors during construction. In addition the top major effects of delay were; Cost overrun, acceleration of losses, time overrun, negative social impacts and litigation. Also the top major risks associated with construction delay were; too much pressure on project stake holders, price inflation of materials and overall project, disputes amongst project pa...

Purpose -Successful project delivery for sustainable building construction (SBC) has been linked to certain features. Previous studies have emphasised the need to improve SBC practice in South Africa. The purpose of this study is to explore the SBC features for project delivery in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach -A structured questionnaire elicited the primary data from 281 built environment professionals, mainly in South Africa's Gauteng province. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis. This study used the principal component analysis technique to ascertain the principal SBC features. Findings -Three components of SBC features, namely, sustainable resource use and compliance, sustainable waste minimisation and recycling and sustainable designs and materials, were developed from the principal component analysis. The factor loadings of the constituent variables ranged from 0.570 to 0.836. The reliability of each component was evaluated, and the results were 0.966, 0.931 and 0.913. Practical implications -The revelations from this study will aid the decision-making of the relevant stakeholders towards establishing improvement initiatives and mitigating the reluctance to shift from conventional building methods and poor knowledge sharing of SBC benefits. Originality/value -This is one of the most recent South African studies that sheds light on the components of a successful SBC deployment. The findings of this study added to knowledge by confirming three

Continuous Improvement (CI) is being recognized as key enabler for productivity improvement within the construction industry especially since it was emphasized in the Egan Report in 1998. However, core business processes within the construction industry have not been able to take advantage of this philosophy. Research and development efforts in this area has been lacking in terms of its applications from a construction industry-specific perspective. Attempts to focus on CI through specific TQM and of recent ISO 9000:2000 efforts seem to have had little impact, especially complicated by the unique features of the temporary nature of construction project organizations. It has been identified that construction suffers from delays, cost overruns, rework, variations, claims, poor contract administration and lax supervision by the client’s representative. Taking into account that construction projects are unique, temporary and embedded in sub-contracting culture, the task of achieving pro...

The term Industrialised Building System (IBS) is widely recognised by construction players in Malaysia since its first implementation since 1960s for IBS pilot projects of Pekeliling Flats and Rifle Range Flats. The aim for the implementation is to promote better system in delivering construction end-products which offers efficiency and effectiveness. At the same time, Bumiputera construction players are the majority of parties in construction industry especially in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify the perception and awareness of IBS implementation among Bumiputera players. It is found that, Bumiputera construction players have sound knowledge on the IBS and optimistic towards further implementation for future projects. Nonetheless, issues on payment methods and coordination of IBS project delivery are found to be the negative perceptions which are considered as hindrance for Bumiputera construction players' involvement in IBS project.

Every industry is prone to problems Performance is a general challenge affecting construction and most especially small-sized indigenous construction companies. The study focused on determining the likely factors affecting the competencies and project delivery of small-sized construction firms in Lagos. 60 questionnaires were designed and administered to professionals (15-Architects, 15-Builders, 15-Engineers, and 15-Quantity Surveyors) working in the construction companies in Lagos State and 48 questionnaires were retrieved. These questionnaires were analysed with SPSS and several findings were derived from this analysis. The various factors affecting the performance and project delivery at varying degrees are: high cost of plants, equipment, materials and labour, lack of skilled craftsmen, unavailability of funds, poor managerial skills, lack of government patronage, and poor communication among stakeholders. The study found out that the most prominent factors are poor managerial ...

Delay is a common issue faced in the construction industry all over the world especially in developing countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate factors causing delays and their effects on construction projects in Lagos Mega City, Nigeria from the contractors’ perspective. It is predicated on the incessant delay experienced by contractors on construction projects. Purposive sampling method was adopted for the study;. Quantitative data was obtained by administration of One hundred (100) structured questionnaires distributed to contractors of construction project sites in Lagos State and Qualitative data was obtained from interview of key management personnel of the companies and journals. Ranking analysis of the 33 major causes of delays identified through literature review using Relative Importance Index (RII) showed that cash flow problems during construction (RII=4.81), clients’ financial difficulties (RII=4.47) and poor procurement (RII=4.40) were the most importantt causes...

In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, the successful implementation of IT projects is increasingly contingent upon effective organizational change management (OCM). This research paper explores the intersection of OCM and IT project delivery, proposing a comprehensive framework that integrates these two critical domains. The evaluation process will be conducted through a combination of surveys and interviews. The survey will focus on key elements such as the effectiveness of integration practices, challenges faced, and the impact on project outcomes, targeting professionals involved in OCM and IT project delivery. Statistical validation of the data will be carried out using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the findings. Our findings reveal that the alignment of OCM with IT project delivery not only enhances project success rates but also promotes sustainable organizational transformation. This integrated approach ensures that technological advancements are supported by a well-prepared workforce, thereby minimizing resistance and maximizing adoption. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for practitioners aiming to bridge the gap between OCM and IT project delivery, ultimately fostering a more agile and resilient organizational environment.

This paper was on the challenges of infrastructure poses to national development in Nigeria. The objective of the paper was to examine the challenges of infrastructure in relation to national development in Nigeria.The source of data was mainly secondary and the analysis was analytical.The subject scope of the paper covered energy, transport, healthcare services, and education.. The analytical analysis found that the provision of infrastructure was far below what is required for the country to attain the desire national development. Similarly, the paper recommends that basicinfrastructural facilitieslike energy,healthcare, and schools, s h o u l d be provided in order to attain national development.

Assessing risk management capability (RMC) of contractors prior to their selection for a project would contribute significantly to project successful delivery. This paper assessed current RMC of Federal highway projects contractors in Nigeria. The study involves review of literatures and questionnaire survey of eighteen rehabilitation projects across Southwest of Nigeria. Maturity levels of the contractors were assessed on four level scale using Fuzzy set theory. The result suggested that overall risk management maturity level of the contractors is 'novice'. It also indicated maturity levels of contractors on different RMC attributes and provides additional decision support information for selecting winning bid.

The objective of this paper is to underline the factors influencing the implementation of integrated project delivery (IPD) in public sector construction projects. These factors are broadly classified under legal, organizational and technological categories. Further the role of information modeling to foster the integration in project delivery is discussed. Focus is placed on the aspects/characteristics of information modeling that can contribute to implementation of integrated project delivery. Traditional project delivery methods have been found by researchers as inefficient and litigious. As a result, the construction industry is in a critical need of alternative delivery methods.IPD has emerged as a solution, although its implementation is not without challenges. Therefore factors influencing its implementation should be identified as a step towards its probable use in the future for public-sector construction projects. Owners, particularly the public ones, are apprehensive due to various factors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate these factors and suggest an information modeling approach to overcome the impediments.

Question: Which are the predominant barriers responsible for the reluctance of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry for IPD adoption? Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical challenges faced by stakeholders belonging to the AEC industry for the adoption of IPD to deliver construction projects successfully. Research Method: Through the literature review, various challenges for IPD adoption were enlisted under various categories. The authors undertook a focus group discussion exercise involving seven professionals representing the various stakeholders of the AEC industry. The comments made by the members were further analyzed to identify the critical challenges in the Indian context. Findings: Through the focus group’s structured discussion, fourteen critical challenges were identified under the broad categories such as cultural, technological, financial, legal, and others. Limitations: The research work is limited to finding out the IPD ad...

The management of time is a necessity of life. Project time management includes the processes required to manage the timely completion of the project. However, in the construction sector such as in Nigeria, poor delivery of project especially completion within schedule has remained an issue, despite established processes of time management. The crux of this study is to investigate adherence with the processes of time management in construction project delivery in Nigeria and the objectives are: to assess the level of adherence with the processes of time management, and to determine the effect of adherence with the processes of time management on construction project timely completion. The study was conducted in Gombe State, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling technique was used to administer 88 questionnaires to professionals such as: the Architects, Builders, Quantity surveyors, Engineers and Project managers who were personnel working for the client, consultants and contractors in various projects locations in the study area. The data collected was analyzed with SPSS software using weighted mean score, one sample t-test and regression. Findings revealed that the most adhered processes of time management are: monitoring and controlling the project schedule, estimating resource requirement for activities and developing schedule of the project. Adherence with the processes of time management will lead to 15.4% caused effect increase on timely completion of project. As such, it is recommended that construction stakeholders should collaborate and adhered strictly with all the established processes of time management as a guide in order to ensure successful completion of construction project within schedule in Nigeria.

Contractors are facing an increasing degree of complexity in their construction projects. Due to inadequately prepared project plans, they have been suffering significant losses during the execution of construction projects. One of the key disadvantages of such plans is that during the planning process, a construction project is mostly defined as a linear rather than a dynamic and complex process with a high degree of uncertainty. Therefore, a contractor who is in the planning phase of a construction project should consider the impact of the project characteristics on its implementation according to the elements of project complexity. In this research, we therefore first made an overview of the existing research related to the elements of project complexity. Based on the frequency of their occurrence in existing surveys, this paper singled out eight groups of complexity characteristics that contractors should be aware of during construction projects. After that, based on the frequen...

PurposeAlthough numerous studies have examined alternative project delivery methods (APDMs), most of these studies have focused on the relationship between these methods and improved project performance. Limited research identifies how to successfully add these methods within architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) organizations. The purpose of this paper is to identifying organizational change management (OCM) practices that, when effectively executed, lead to increased success rates of adopting APDMs in owner AEC organizations.Design/methodology/approachSeven OCM practices were identified through a comprehensive literature review. Then, through a survey of 140 individuals at 98 AEC organizations, the relationships between OCM practices and organizational adoption of APDMs were established.FindingsThe findings indicate that OCM practices with the strongest relationship to successful APDM adoption are realistic timeframe, effective change agents, workloads adjustments, sen...

One of the primary sectors that contributes to the national economy of the country is the construction industry. The Quantity Surveyors (QS), offer specific expertise in project management and cost estimation. A revolutionary change is occurring in Sri Lanka (SL)'s construction industry due to the increasing demand for innovative technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM). But the Sri Lankan construction industry has been remarkably lagging in adopting these cutting-edge techniques. According to past SL research findings, one of the main obstacles in BIM integration among QS professionals is a severe knowledge gap. By involving BIM approaches into QS education this research aims to develop a framework to implement BIM within the curriculum of quantity surveying undergraduates according to the industrial demand in SL. This paper focuses on the potential difficulties of integrating BIM into SL's QS curriculum, where graduates may fulfill industry expectations. This research used questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews for both academic and industrial QS professionals separately, and conducted existing university QS curriculum review to gather data. Purposive sampling is used as the sampling technique and this study uses a mixed-method approach to research, combining qualitative and quantitative evaluations, and analyzes data using descriptive statistics and content analysis. According to data gathered from industrial professionals, it was proved that SL construction industry does not widely use BIM and have a huge demand on knowledgeable BIM of QS in the current industry. Most of the knowledgeable BIM personnel gain knowledge from self-learning and by following some extra courses. Professionals with an academic background proved, that the current QS curriculums are outdated. As a solution, this research develops the framework to integrate BIM to the QS curriculum of the undergraduate degree programmes in SL. A framework suggestion is to be incorporated into the curriculum was the outcome of the researcher's reflections on the interview results. These results contribute to the growth and development of the Sri Lankan construction industry by knowledgeable QS professionals, thereby fostering the advancement of the Sri Lankan construction industry.

This document is intended as the formal business plan for a professional design consultant to provide architecture, engineering and construction management services to owners, clients and contractors. Greater complexity, increasing costs and current labor shortages throughout the industry require more dedicated and responsible individuals with technical knowledge and relevant experience to meet obligations and ensure successful project completion. By focusing on profitable and rewarding work through specialized expertise, refined processes and innovative ideas, we can lead project teams towards future growth and development. Engaging key players early in the design process and maintaining a collaborative work environment will improve quality, shorten timelines, reduce costs, and decrease risks. Establishing business partnerships through joint venture agreements while utilizing integrated design/build methods is the best strategy to achieve higher overall performance.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) refers to models of geometry of a facility to be designed and built. The goal of the BIM development process is to build an error-free model in an efficient way. The use of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycles has proven successful for adapting the BIM development process to the needs off the project, thus avoiding rework during development of the model. Integrated modelling of conflicts between building components (often called ‘clashes’), the BIM development process, and the organizational structure of the development team with the Multiple Domain Matrix (MDM) enabled deduction of planned and actual communication flows in the organization. The two perspectives of communication were compared as part of ‘Check’ in the PDCA cycle. Comparison identified problems in the BIM development process, which were the starting point for root cause analysis.

Materials require special consideration when developing a project plan because they make up such a sizable chunk of the overall budget. Materials supply and delivery are crucial especially in road construction projects as they are required for the daily construction process. Lack of materials is a major source of jobsite productivity loss. This is due to the lack of structured communication and clearly defined tasks in the current materials management methods. The divergence between design and construction, the failure to coordinate and integrate multiple functional specializations, and poor communication lead to excessive fragmentation. All of these contribute to performance issues like late material ordering and delivery, low productivity, and budget overruns. This research develops a material supply chain (MSC) framework for best practices in road construction projects at all phases. This ensures that contractors receive the supplies they need at the optimum time, with the required quantities, and at the lowest possible cost. Contractors can enhance output, save money, and stay competitive. A questionnaire was designed to investigate current practices in MSC, identify the most common obstacles that faced contractors throughout the project phases, and identify the most important contributors to the integration of supply chain in construction. The developed framework was then evaluated by road construction experts; 90% stated that the proposed framework promotes project participants to share information and data. 80% assured that the framework promotes completing the project with desired quality and encourages problem solving before it even occurs. Supply Chain (SC) is defined in a variety of ways 1 , the word "supply chain" (SC) refers to the interconnected network of businesses that take in raw materials, transform them into finished products, and finally ship them to customers 2,3. A group of companies that cooperate to acquire, manufacture, and distribute a group of products that share common characteristics 4 is another definition for SC. Supply chain management's (SCM) main objective is to make sure that the right products are accessible at the lowest feasible price in the required quantities (and at the optimum time). The goal can be broken down into sub-goals, such as adaptability, delivery consistency, and stockpile size. The reliability and timelines of deliveries are two characteristics of customer service, flexibility and inventory are also crucial 5. The material supply chain (MSC) is described as "a collection of enterprises that work together to bring products and services to market and into the hands of consumers." through upstream and downstream links 6,7. It is impossible to successfully complete the project without having an effective materials management system in place. Material control is a topic that is highly significant and vital for any firm, and it is one that needs to be efficiently managed for a project to be successfully finished. Materials account for a significant portion of project costs. According to some studies, materials account for between 50 and 60 percent of project costs 8. Materials management has many definitions as well. However, the researchers agreed that materials management is the key to project success 9. Materials management ensures that all required materials and equipment are purchased at a reasonable price and delivered to the construction site on time without compromising quality. Materials management includes procurement, inventory, and transportation. The effectiveness of a project's budget can be improved by having a materials' management system that is effectively organized 10. A well-functioning material management system can provide numerous advantages to a project 11. Earlier research assured that labor productivity in the construction industry has increased by 6%, resulting in a 4-6%

A U.S. panel of federal, state, and private-sector professionals traveled to Canada and Europe in May 2004 to conduct a scan of construction management practices for effective project delivery, contract compliance, and quality assurance. The purpose of this research was to review and document international policies, practices, and technologies for potential application in the United States. The research team observed construction management methods that promote alignment of team goals, integrated use of risk analysis techniques, strategic use of alternative delivery methods, procurement systems that set a framework for success, contract payment methods that support alignment and trust, a delegation of traditional highway agency functions to promote efficiency, a philosophy of network management, and a greater partnership between public and private agencies. One of the significant discoveries dealt with the use of target pricing by the Highways Agency in England on its early contract...

Construction projects are complex undertakings, which involve many different parties striving towards successful completion. Effective and efficient processes are based on collaboration with an integrated project delivery approach, the project team working together as a cohesive unit towards a common goal. However, the current procurement system adopted creates fragmentation of the design and construction teams, which results in projects being delivered late, constructability issues, final project cost exceeding the approved budget, and variation orders. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to various built environment professionals within the Eastern Cape construction industry to determine the current awareness with respect to Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Building Information Modelling (BIM). The findings showed that these systems have many benefits, which can assist in mitigating the aforementioned issues. The respondents indicated that they were aware of IPD and BIM and the related benefits; however, there are barriers preventing the adoption of these systems, such as clients not identifying the advantages, clients being resistant to change, as well as a lack of the requisite-related knowledge and skills. Conclusions include that collaboration within the construction industry is imperative toward the successful completion of projects and that further information with respect to IPD and BIM is required to raise awareness and promote the adoption of these models. Recommendations include: all stakeholders need to commit to the ideology behind these concepts and develop an understanding of the concepts and related benefits, and industry associations need to publish information regarding IPD and BIM, as this will increase awareness.

In 21st century, Building Information Modelling (BIM) is one of the most eminent advancement that has taken place in architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. BIM provides a digital platform for managing the functional and physical characteristics of a building throughout its lifecycle. It offers a collaborative approach for design, planning, construction and operation of the facility. BIM has served to satisfy the objectives of AEC industry to improve productivity and quality of project delivered, curtail the project delivery time and cost. BIM enables architects and engineers to visualize any design, construction, managerial or operational barrier which may arise during the actual construction activities. Also, BIM finds the application of cloud computing which enables all the stakeholders to access data related to construction project. As the visualization and hardware technology is improving, the framework approach is moving from “client based” to “host based” w...

The growing rate of delays is adversely affecting the timely delivery of construction projects. This study therefore assesses construction stakeholders' perception of the causes of delays and its effects on project delivery in a bid to proffer solution in minimizing the occurrences of delays. Questionnaire was used to elicit responses from construction stakeholders; a total of thirty three causes of delays, seventeen resultant effects of delays and fifteen methods of minimizing construction delays were identified for the study based on literature reviews. The results suggest that client's cash flow related problems are the main causes of delays while time and cost overruns are the major identifiable effects of delays in construction projects. However, adequate project planning and budgeting were suggested as possible ways of minimizing the occurrences of delays.

This paper discusses the critical factors for managing teams for integrated design and delivery solutions (IDDS), which aims to involve BIM tools, processes and skills across different stakeholders such as architects, consultants, contractors, and suppliers through the project lifecycle. Since IDDS is a recent development, the associated teamwork factors and challenges in implementation are not currently well understood. This paper reports the findings from a research that investigates this gap and forms the basis for future research directions. The findings reported in this paper are based on focus group interviews with representatives from leading organizations in the Australian and Finnish construction sector. The critical factors for an IDDS team are examined and discussed using the construct of mental models. In particular, this research investigates the critical task, process, context, and competence factors specific to the IDDS teams.

The restoration of architectural heritage is a complex process and presents intricate and formidable challenges. The project delivery method plays a pivotal role for the success of the restoration process. There exists a diverse array of project delivery methods, each characterized by its distinct set of advantages and disadvantages. In the context of architectural heritage restoration, given its distinct characteristics, these advantages and disadvantages encompass a wide spectrum. Current project delivery methods, while effective for certain contexts, often fall short in addressing the unique requisites of restoration projects. Acknowledging this inadequacy, this article undertakes a research that includes a literature review that not only examines prevailing project delivery methods but also articulates the need for a tailored framework within the restoration field. This article is produced from the doctoral thesis titled "Development of a Sustainable Integrated Management System for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage", which is in the process of preparation. In the light of the results of the survey which is conducted within the scope of the first author's doctoral study in order to examine the project delivery approach preferred among the participants that are working in the field of the conservation of architectural heritage, a project delivery method called "Restoration Manager", which has been precisely prepared to meet the requirements inherent in restoration initiatives, is presented. This comprehensive project delivery method seeks to fill the void by addressing the distinct needs and challenges encountered in restoration projects. The essence of this work is to create an appropriate project delivery system that adapts to the nuances of the restoration works, and through this project delivery framework, the restoration processes and outcomes will successfully be completed.

As the designs of construction projects become more complex, there is a corresponding increase in the difficulty encountered in project monitoring. Hence, it is advisable to integrate innovative technologies such as the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to abate some of the problems encountered in the delivery of construction projects. This paper aims to evaluate the barriers to the usage of UAVs in construction project delivery in South Africa. Adopting a quantitative method for the study, data was collected with the aid of a questionnaire from construction professionals in Gauteng province, South Africa. Findings from the study indicate that the most significant factors hindering the deployment of drones in the South African construction industry are lack of training by institutions and lack of investment in new technologies by organisations. Conclusively, the paper recommends measures that would propel the espousal of drone technologies for effective and efficient construct...

Integrated project delivery is advantageous in that it can reflect the constructor's expertise at the design phase. Furthermore, integrated project delivery allows project stockholders to promptly evaluate the financial performance of design decisions. However, there are many problems among existing quantity estimation processes, including human error, loss of information during data exchange and import-export, and time delays. These problems are major obstructions to the application of integrated project delivery. In particular, when it comes to rebar in structural works, errors generated during the drafting process of structural design information have a direct impact on estimation and construction. Such errors can be resolved by employing automatic quantity estimation software that uses the structural design information. In this regard, the present study proposes an automatic rebar estimation algorithm for use in integrated project delivery, the purpose of which is to further develop the software necessary for integrated project delivery. Continued development of additional algorithms for other types of resources as well as software capable of integrating these tools will lead to excellent decision-making support tools for project stockholders, including architectural designers.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the key practitioners’ level of involvement in the delivery of sustainable regeneration projects in the UK. Practitioners’ level of involvement is a major factor that has and continues to determine the delivery of sustainability outcomes of regeneration projects. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopted a qualitative study that obtained data from 21 key practitioners through semi-structured interviews in exploring practitioners’ level of involvement in the delivery of sustainable regeneration projects in the UK. The semi-structured interviews are conducted with seven practitioners, each from the three construction organisations selected through a purposive sampling approach for the study. Findings The findings identify varied levels of involvement of the key practitioners at the three delivery stages – early, construction and post-construction of the projects. The findings further reveal that clients’ representatives, commercial m...

As we enter the new millennium, we move into an open global market economy. Innovative project delivery methods such as Privatization, Design/Build, and At-Risk Construction Management, are becoming common in the construction industry. The US water/wastewater construction market is reacting to trends of the 1990's by reinventing itself, and emerging on the cutting edge of alternative project delivery. An outlook into the new millennium indicates trends such as: (a) A paradigm shift in the project delivery methods, (b) more emphasis on "value" in construction goods and services, (c) Re-focus on project life cycle costs (LCC) and related services, (d) Construction marketplace is becoming a "Service" oriented, rather than a "commodity" oriented, (e) Greater specialization and niche marketing, (f) Increased global and local competition, (g) Increase in mergers and acquisitions, and (h) more privatization. Statistics in the 1990's showed a sharp increase in the volume of litigation, stiffer competition, cost overruns, and lower profit margins. This rise in claim and litigation was primarily due to an increase in the volume of construction put in place in a competitive marketplace, while using the competitive bidding method. Stiff competition caused contractors to cut their margins to gets jobs. This resulted in less money in the contractors' pockets, and tight project cash flows, thus forcing them to seek claims to make up profits. The increase in claims led all parties to seek alternative disputes resolution (ADR) methods such as, Arbitration Mediation, Negotiation, and Conciliation to avoid costly and prolonged litigation. This also has led all parties to adopt and implement highconcept, managerial programs such as Partnering, and Total Quality Management (TQM) to facilitate communication and cooperation between all parties. Unfortunately, because some of these programs were not legally and contractually enforceable, they had limited success in stopping the "avalanche" of construction claims.

Many projects in Indonesia have implemented new strategies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Many projects suffered unexpected losses during the COVID-19 pandemic, and conditions were unpredictable. This situation must be considered by all stakeholders participating in a project. Another problem in the implementation of construction is the fragmentation between project participants. Therefore, a strategy is needed in each phase of the project life cycle. In the absence of proper planning, the contractor is the party responsible for bearing the risk associated with this occurrence. Improved project performance is a shared responsibility among owners, contractors, designers, and subcontractors, all of whom need to tap into their own sources of creativity and innovation. The potential of partnering as a tool for achieving lean construction performance, it is still in its infancy as a means of enhancing project outcomes. In this study, we used qualitative methods and in-depth interv...

Design change is the cause of the most dominant change in the implementation of construction projects. The changes affect the performance of the project, especially cost and time. Therefore, identification of factors causing design changes is essential. Manage properly the factors that cause design changes will be able to reduce the occurrence of design changes. To regulate the relationship the parties involved in a construction project requires a system called the project delivery system. Selection of project delivery system used will also have an impact on the design changes. The significance of this system has stimulated this study to develop a model of the impact of design changes on cost and time on the implementation of construction project, with use separate project delivery system between design and construction and integrated project delivery system. This study used a survey method and case studies. In the survey method, data were collected through questionnaire that was di...

An aircraft measurement campaign involving the Russian high-altitude aircraft M55 Geophysica and the German DLR Falcon was conducted in Darwin, Australia in November and December 2005 as part of the European integrated project SCOUT-O3. The overall objectives of the campaign were to study the transport of trace gases through the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), mechanisms of dehydration close to the tropopause, and the role of deep convection in these processes. In this paper a detailed roadmap of the campaign is presented, including rationales for each flight, and an analysis of the local and large-scale meteorological context in which they were embedded. The campaign took place during the pre-monsoon season which is characterized by a pronounced diurnal evolution of deep convection including a mesoscale system over the Tiwi Islands north of Darwin known as "Hector". This allowed studying in detail the role of deep convection in structuring the tropical tropopause region, in situ sampling convective overshoots above storm anvils, and probing the structure of anvils and cirrus clouds by Lidar and a suite of in situ instruments onboard the two aircraft. The large-scale flow during the first half of the campaign was such that local flights, away from convection, sampled air masses downstream of the "cold trap" region over Indonesia. Abundant cirrus clouds enabled the study of active dehydration, in particular during two TTL survey flights. The campaign period also encompassed a Rossby wave breaking event transporting stratospheric air to the tropical middle troposphere and an equatorial Kelvin wave modulating tropopause temperatures and hence the conditions for dehydration.

Design/build has become one of the favored project delivery methods in the engineering construction industry. Numerous studies have advocated the use of design/build over the traditional design/bid/build delivery approach. A comprehensive analysis of 67 global projects from the Construction Industry Institute's database shows that design/build projects may not provide all the benefits to project performance. The study found timesaving was a definitive advantage of design/build project delivery, but, the positive effects of cost and productivity changes were not convincing. Based on the results of the study, the project management expertise and experience of the contractor may have a greater impact on project performance outcomes than focusing on project delivery strategy only.

International projects present really difficult logistics challenges. In international investment projects, a vast amount of individualised deliveries has to be managed through a large supply network in a tight timeframe. This article investigates, how the logistic challenges of international projects could be solved by utilising advanced web technologies and product identification. The paper presents a control system being built at Helsinki University of Technology that is based on the distributed programming, and wireless identification technologies. The aim of the system is to change the controlling mechanisms of project deliveries by giving the deliveries themselves the means to control their route route. This enables the material flow in the project delivery chains to be controlled from the inside of the material flow itself.

The construction industry is a key driver of every economy, and the successful implementation of developmental projects enhances the socioeconomic wellbeing of the citizenry. In Ghana, however, abandoned projects have become a menace, affecting various sectors of the economy such as employment, housing, healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The objective of this chapter was to evaluate the perceptions, causal factors, and effects of project abandonment in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The research is quantitative in nature, drawing samples purposively from eighty (80) questionnaires self-administered to the general public, contractors, and staff of MMDAs, with a response rate of 75%. The study revealed that the major causes of project abandonment are poor project planning, challenges in client cashflow, and a lack of political goodwill due to changes in government. The research established that even though most projects initiated by the MMDAs are completed as challenged projects, huge national investments are left at the mercy of the weather when there is a change in government. These abandoned projects lead to huge sunk costs, the loss of economic activities, and a denial of the socioeconomic benefits that are expected to be accrued from the project. It is recommended that modeling a reduction in project abandonment would require effective planning and procurement, improving funding mechanisms, and adopting a national developmental plan that would compel succeeding governments to continue with existing projects they inherit to avoid huge national losses.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of capital project planning on project delivery in Nigeria. To do this, a survey of relevant literature on the subject was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of solid project planning on the various capital projects.

Design/build has become one of the favored project delivery methods in the engineering construction industry. Numerous studies have advocated the use of design/build over the traditional design/bid/build delivery approach. A comprehensive analysis of 67 global projects from the Construction Industry Institute's database shows that design/build projects may not provide all the benefits to project performance. The study found timesaving was a definitive advantage of design/build project delivery, but, the positive effects of cost and productivity changes were not convincing. Based on the results of the study, the project management expertise and experience of the contractor may have a greater impact on project performance outcomes than focusing on project delivery strategy only.

The delivery of public infrastructure projects in South Africa is bedevilled with many challenges leading to project delays and loss of needed public resources. This study, therefore, sought to identify the risk factors affecting project delivery and the sources of these risk factors. This study employs a qualitative research methodology. To gather the required data, open-ended interview questions were administered to the participants from the various provincial departments in the Northern Cape responsible for delivering public infrastructure construction projects. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the relevant participants to form part of the study. The data collected were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The underpinning factors for these risks affecting project execution are classified as internally and externally generated. The identified risk factors pose a significant threat to project delivery leading to delay and loss of public funds and adequate ...

Green Buildings (GBs) are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to resource-intensive traditional buildings. Like any other construction project, GB projects are subject to project management-related criteria, including cost, quality, and schedule performance. In addition to these criteria, GBs also include sustainability performance criteria. As a GB is being developed, some criteria may be prioritized over others. To understand the development and sustainability performance of GB projects, it is necessary to understand the priorities given to different performance criteria and the factors resulting in such priorities. Using the findings from an online survey of 46 GB professionals based in Australia and some Asian countries, it is realized that project management criteria are typically ranked higher in GB projects compared to sustainability performance criteria. The survey has also revealed that these priorities of performance criteria are driven by the choice of owner/d...

Green Building (GB) project delivery is complex since these projects have many different requirements compared to conventional construction. There is not yet an agreement on which delivery approach is more effective in delivering more innovative and environmentally conscious GB projects. This paper investigates the GB project delivery approaches from an innovation perspective by reviewing the various empirical findings from previous research. Using 13 relevant studies identified through a systematic search, the relationship between innovation in delivery process and project innovation is identified. Depending on the extent of innovative features incorporated, each Project Delivery Method (PDM) is found to have the capacity to produce successful results. Incremental process innovation through the use of traditional PDMs is typically associated with a low level of project innovation and environmental performance while radical process innovation using integrated delivery method is foun...

The Health-e-Child (HeC) project [1], [2] is an EC Framework Programme 6 Integrated Project that aims to develop a grid-based integrated healthcare platform for paediatrics. Using this platform biomedical informaticians will integrate heterogeneous data and perform epidemiological studies across Europe. The resulting Grid enabled biomedical information platform will be supported by robust search, optimization and matching techniques for information collected in hospitals across Europe. In particular, paediatricians will be provided with decision support, knowledge discovery and disease modelling applications that will access data in hospitals in the UK, Italy and France, integrated via the Grid. For economy of scale, reusability, extensibility, and maintainability, HeC is being developed on top of an EGEE/gLite [3] based infrastructure that provides all the common data and computation management services required by the applications. This paper discusses some of the major challenges in bio-medical data integration and indicates how these will be resolved in the HeC system. HeC is presented as an example of how computer science (and, in particular Grid infrastructures) originating from high energy physics can be adapted for use by biomedical informaticians to deliver tangible real-world benefits.

The construction sector is facing challenges of meeting client's value and end-user satisfaction, and this situation is worsened by customers' dynamic demands for quality and speedy delivery without loss of value. Lean concept has been advocated to be a panacea to poor project performance, and it, however, has a high awareness level but with little implementation among construction organizations especially in developing countries including Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to assess the major barriers to lean construction application on construction project delivery, to suggest possible measures for overcoming them. A well-structured questionnaire was used to gather data from construction professionals in the south-south, Nigeria using electronic means and snowball sampling technique. Data gathered were analyzed using frequency, percentage and factor analysis. It was found that the major cluster of barriers to lean implementation are technology and knowledge barrier, leadership and management barrier, culture and complexity barrier, engagement and relationship barriers, financial barriers, and communication barriers. It was recommended that adequate management and leadership support is needed for entrenching lean construction techniques into the culture of operations of construction organisations.

The future project environment is expected to remain increasingly complex and ambiguous. This requires project delivery leaders to develop and grow their cognitive proficiency and expertise persistently. For majority of the involved project delivery leaders, the project complexity is a lived experience. In this conceptual study, we used phenomenological examination of project leaders' coping mechanisms on the challenges of complex project delivery to produce cognitive model and guiding principles for the navigation of project complexity in practice. To navigate the analysis and interpretation of the data, the study used the Understanding, Perception and Action Taken (UPA) model, a three-fold knowledge structure, developed with a rationale that if complexities in projects are better understood by project participants, it often creates the foundations for other actions to be taken. The results provide understanding of project delivery leaders' perceptions of project complexity and ability to assess it for a given project. The full outcome are principles suitable for navigating and managing complexity. The results of this study can assist complex project delivery leaders to develop greater insight into optimal management of increasingly complex projects.

Determining, understanding, writing and applying research methodology to treatises, dissertations and theses has been and continues to be a major challenge for students and supervisors alike. This research was thus conducted in order to chart a pathway out of the methodological conundrum. The method used is an expository review of the methodology chapters of existing honours treatises, masters treatises and dissertations, and doctoral theses archived in a South African university. The critical literature examination was ...