Immigration Law

Migration scholarship has often lagged behind developments in gender studies. The
importance of gender has gained increasing recognition but this has predominantly meant a
focus on women migrants; only recently has a gendered lens been turned to the study of
migrant men. Discourses surrounding migration in law and government, and in legal
scholarship, remain characterised by neglect or dismissal of the gendered experiences of male
migrants. Where they do appear, men are frequently cast as the oppressor of family members
or as abusing legal channels of migration. Their vulnerabilities and affective ties and needs
are rarely foregrounded. This negative representation may be instrumentalized at a variety of
levels, and for a variety of purposes, making it difficult for more nuanced critiques to gain
purchase. This Special Issue seeks to extend the discussion of migration and gender by
exploring the ways in which men’s gendered experiences of migration remain marginalised.

In summary, our research shows that US Border Patrol agents and other CBP officers abuse migrants, physically and verbally, with significant frequency. In addition, many resent immigrants in general, and display racism toward Mexicans and other Latin Americans, as well as prejudice on the basis of sexual orientation. This suggests that the proposal to make Border Patrol agents asylum officers could lead to imbalanced and adversarial decision-makers, the opposite of what is called for in law. There was a widespread tone of anger and little restraint in the use of cursing and yelling. We found that Border Patrol threats of physical abuse — such as killing, shooting, and abandonment in the desert — were common, which raises concern over the safety and the handling of traumatized people in an asylum context. Finally, there were numerous threats to use law as a form of punishment, which indicates a problematic attitude among persons that might be tasked with gathering information and making legal decisions.

"Table of Contents by Parts/Themes & Chapters 1-25

PART 1 POLICY AND REGULATIONS

1 The Rise and Fall of Intercountry Adoption in the 21st Century: Global Trends from 2001 to 2010 by Peter Selman
2 Social Policy Approaches and Social Work Dilemmas in Intercountry Adoption by Jonathan Dickens
3 Implications of the Hague Convention on the Humanitarian Evacuation and ‘Rescue’ of Children by Kathleen Ja Sook Bergquist
4 Human Rights Considerations in Intercountry Adoption: The Children and Families of Cambodia and Marshall Islands
by Jini Roby and Trish Maskew
5 Fraud in Intercountry Adoption: Child Sales and Abduction in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Guatemala by Karen Smith Rotabi
6 Perspectives on Child Welfare: Ways of Understanding Roles and Actions of Current USA Adoption Agencies Involved in Intercountry Adoptions by Mary Katherine O’Connor and Karen Smith Rotabi

PART 2 SENDING COUNTRY PERSPECTIVES
7 Child Welfare in Romania: Contexts and Processes
by Cristina Nedelcu and Victor Groza
8 Challenging the Discourse of Intercountry Adoption: Perspectives from Rural China by Kay Johnson
9 Intercountry Adoption and Child Welfare in Guatemala: Lessons Learned Pre and Post Ratification of the 1993 Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption by Kelley McCreery Bunkers, and Victor Groza
10 Ethiopia at a Critical Juncture in Intercountry Adoption and Traditional Care Practices by Kelley McCreery Bunkers, Karen Smith Rotabi, and Benyam Dawit Mezmur
11 Maternal Thinking in the Context of Stratified Reproduction – Perspectives of Birth Mothers from South Africa by Riitti Hógbacka
12 Exiting or Going Forth? An Overview of U.S. Outgoing Adoptions by Dana Naughton

PART 3 OUTCOMES FOR INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTEES
13 Review of Meta-analytic Studies on the Physical, Emotional, and Cognitive Outcomes of Intercountry Adoptees by Femmie Juffer and Marinus H. van IJzendoorn
14 Medical Status of Internationally Adopted Children
by Laurie C. Miller
15 Cognitive Competence, Academic Achievement, and Educational Attainment Among Intercountry Adoptees - Research Outcomes From the Nordic Countries by Monica Dalen
16 Families with Intercountry Adopted Children: Talking About Adoption and Birth Culture by Femmie Juffer and Wendy Tieman
17 Post-Racial Utopianism, White Color-Blindness and “the Elephant in the Room”: Racial Issues for Transnational Adoptees of Color by Tobias Hübinette

PART 4 THE DEBATE
18 The Debate by Elizabeth Bartholet and David Smolin

PART 5 PRAGMATISTS: IMPROVING THE PROCESS
19 Best Practices in Implementing the Hague Convention
by Judith L. Gibbons and Karen Smith Rotabi
20 Intercountry Adoptions and Home Study Assessments: The Need for Uniform Practices by Thomas M. Crea
21 Understanding and Preventing Intercountry Adoption Breakdown by Jesús Palacios
22 Openness and Intercountry Adoption in New Zealand
by Rhoda Scherman
23 All Grown Up: Rise of the Korean Adult Adoptee Movement and Implications for Practice by Hollee McGinnis
24 Truth, Reconciliation, and Searching for the Disappeared Children of Civil War: El Salvador’s Search and Reunion Model Defined by Carmen Mónico and Karen Smith Rotabi
25 Looking to the Future by Judith L. Gibbons and Karen Smith Rotabi"