Health inequality

For researchers interested in understanding men's health, there are two main literatures to harvest. The first is research on men's health arising from the study of men and masculinities. The second is the broader study of inequalities in health, including gender inequalities in health. However, these literatures have remained distinct. This paper seeks to develop a model of understanding men's health from both of these literatures. In order to achieve this integration, this paper argues that studies of men's health should be based on 'critical studies on men' which emerges from feminist theory. Critical studies on men's health is then integrated into the broader explanatory options identified in the health inequality literature in order to provide a more fulsome account of variance within men's health and between the health status of men and women. Given the amenability of men's health issues to interrogation within this resulting framework, it is argued that the inequalities literature should start to include men's health issues in its work. r

Community public health interventions based on citizen and community participation are increasingly discussed as promising avenues for the reduction of health inequalities and the promotion of social justice. However, very few authors have provided explicit principles and guidelines for planning and implementing such interventions, especially when they are linked with research. Traditional approaches to public health programming emphasise expert knowledge, advanced detailed planning, and the separation of research from intervention. Despite the usefulness of these approaches for evaluating targeted narrow-focused interventions, they may not be appropriate in community health promotion, especially in Aboriginal communities. Using the experience of the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project, in Canada, this paper elaborates four principles as basic components for an implementation model of community programmes. The principles are: (1) the integration of community people and researchers as equal partners in every phase of the project, (2) the structural and functional integration of the intervention and evaluation research components, (3) having a flexible agenda responsive to demands from the broader environment, and (4) the creation of a project that represents learning opportunities for all those involved. The emerging implementation model for community interventions, as exemplified by this project, is one that conceives a programme as a dynamic social space, the contours and vision of which are defined through an ongoing negotiation process. r (L. Potvin). 0277-9536/03/$ -see front matter r 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. PII: S 0 2 7 7 -9 5 3 6 ( 0 2 ) 0 0 1 2 9 -6

Previous studies have lacked sufficient power to assess associations between early-life socioeconomic position and adult cause-specific mortality. The authors examined associations of parental social class at age 0-16 years with mortality among 1,824,064 Swedes born in 1944-1960. Females and males from manual compared with nonmanual childhood social classes were more likely to die from smoking-related cancers, stomach cancer, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Males from manual compared with nonmanual social classes were more likely to die from unintentional injury, homicide, and alcoholic cirrhosis. The association with stomach cancer was little affected by adjustment for parental later-life and own adult social class or education. For other outcomes, educational attainment resulted in greater attenuation of associations than did adjustment for adult social class. Early-life social class was not related to suicide or to melanoma, colon, breast, brain, or lym...

The likely health effects of climate change make it one of the most pressing global public health issues of our time. Effects range from more intense and frequent cyclones, flooding, and heat waves through to changing infectious disease patterns, food and water insecurity, sea-level rise, and economic and social disruption. The governments of almost all developed nations are now focusing their attention on national policy responses to the threat of climate change. In New Zealand, it is currently unclear what path our current government will take to contribute to the global response and fulfil our Kyoto obligations. In this paper we discuss the main carbon pricing options currently under consideration, and their implications for health and health inequities in New Zealand. We summarise the literature about the likely health and equity implications of different kinds of carbon pricing policy. A health sector voice in these significant policy decisions is vital to ensuring a policy tha...

Several studies have recently reported that social class differences in ill-health during adolescence are almost non-existent or invisible. The aims of this comparative study of two different welfare states are first, to compare whether the relationship between social class and health is similar among young men and women at different age groups in these two welfare states; second, to examine at what age social class differences in self-reported health and illness among young adults emerge in these two countries; and third, to find out whether class of origin (i.e. parental social class) or class of destination (i.e. individual's achieved social class) have greater explanatory power in studies of health among young adults. We used comparable nationally representative interview surveys from Britain and Finland. The British data is derived from the General Household Survey for 1988 and 1989, and the Finnish data from the 1986 Level of Living Survey. We analysed five year age groups between 16 and 39 years in Britain (N = 16,626) and 15 and 39 years in Finland (N = 5950). Two health indicators (limiting long-standing illness and self-assessed health), and several indicators for social class were compared. The best discriminator of differences in ill-health among young adults both in Finland and Britain was education. Social class differences by own occupation (achieved class) emerged soon after the age of 20 among men and women in both countries and strengthened with increasing age. There was a weaker but consistent association with class of origin in both countries. Housing tenure is strongly associated with young adults' health in Britain but not Finland.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Despite the call for a better understanding of macro-level factors that affect population health, social epidemiological research has tended to focus almost exclusively on national-level factors, such as Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP/c) or levels of social cohesion. Using a world-systems framework to examine cross-national variations in infant mortality, this paper seeks to emphasize the effects of global trade on national-level population health. Rather than viewing national-level health indicators as autonomous from broader global contexts, the study uses network analysis methods to examine the effects of international trade on infant mortality rates. Network data for countries were derived from international data on the trade of capital-intensive commodities in 2000. Using automorphic equivalence to measure the degree to which actors in a network perform similar roles, countries were assigned into one of six world-system blocks, each with its own pattern of trade. These blocks were dummy-coded and tested using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. A key finding from this analysis is that after controlling for national-level factors, the two blocks with the lowest density in capital-intensive exchange, i.e., the periphery, are significantly and positively associated with nationallevel infant mortality rates. Results show the effects of peripherality and stratification on population health, and highlight the influence of broader macro-level factors such as trade and globalization on national health.

Socio-economic status has been consistently identified as an important factor in explaining the health of a population. This correlation has been documented in a large body of literature that reflects a clear incongruity between empirical reality and the values of justice and social cohesion. Health status results from the mutual interaction of multiple factors that act in different ways over the life of the individual. A study of social inequalities in health that centres on a specific phase of people's lives, such as old age, may contribute to a better understanding of the factors and mechanisms that define health, and help to generate a relevant framework for the development of social policies.

What are the advantages and limitations of epidemiology for decreasing health inequalities at the local level? To answer this question, the current article discusses the role of epidemiology. The hypothesis is that epidemiology produces useful knowledge for local management of interventions aimed at reducing health inequalities, expressed in spaces built by human communities through social and historical processes. Local production of epidemiological knowledge should support action by social actors in specific situations and contexts, thus renewing the appreciation for ecological designs and georeference studies. Such knowledge output and application are also an organizational phenomenon. Organizations can be seen as "conversational networks". In conclusion, strategic and communicative actions by health workers should provide the central thrust for defining new health care and management models committed to decreasing health inequalities, with epidemiology playing a key role.

Past research on prostate and colorectal cancer disparities finds that barriers to screening, such as embarrassment and offensiveness, are often reported. Yet none of this literature investigates why. This study uses masculinity and health theory to examine how men experience two common screenings: digital rectal exams (DREs) and colonoscopies. In-depth interviews were conducted with 64 African American and White men from diverse backgrounds, aged 40 to 64, from North Carolina. Regardless of race or education, men experienced DREs more negatively than colonoscopies because penetration with a finger was associated with a gay sexual act. Some men disliked colonoscopies, however, because they associated any penetration as an affront to their masculinity. Because beliefs did not differ by race, future research should focus on structural issues to examine why disparities persist with prostate and colorectal cancer. Recommendations are provided for educational programs and physicians to i...

In 1997 Health Visiting was deemed by New Labour to be an important player in reducing health inequalities. It was acknowledged that if Health Visiting was to fulfill this vision it would have to work out with its traditional child health role and also engage with groups, communities and populations to tackle the determinants of ill health. Twelve years on, external factors such as, NHS cut backs, recent changes to how Health Visitors are regulated throughout the UK and devolved Health Visiting policy making structures have led to the rapid demise in status and legitimacy of Health Visiting and its wider public health role. This article argues that the unintended consequences of devolved Health Visiting policy has resulted in 3 recent community nursing and health-visiting reviews in Scotland and England which have made divergent policy recommendations about the role of the Health Visitor in tackling health inequalities. The recommendations outlined in the Scottish review in particular threatened to jeopardise the very future provision of a UK wide Health Visiting service. If Health Visiting is to survive as a UK wide entity, a radical independent rethink as to its future direction and its public health role is urgently required.

In Australasia (Australia and New Zealand) the use of health impact assessment (HIA) as a tool for improved policy development is comparatively new. The public health workforce do not routinely assess the potential health and equity impacts of proposed policies or programs. The ...

Early onset of behavioural problems has lasting negative effects on a broad range of lifetime outcomes, placing large costs on individuals, families and society. A number of researchers and policy makers have argued that early interventions aimed at supporting the family is the most effective way of tackling child behaviour problems. This study forms the economic component of a randomised evaluation of the Incredible Years programme, a programme aimed at improving the skills and parenting strategies of parents of children with conduct problems. Our results show that the programme provides a cost-effective way of reducing behavioural problems. Furthermore, our cost analysis, when combined with a consideration of the potential long-run benefits, suggests that investment in such programmes may generate favourable long-run economic returns.

Healthseekers [i.e., people seeking climactic cures from diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB)] migrated to the American West starting in the 19th century. Local officials, interested in promoting urban growth, capitalized on this phenomenon by aggressively advertising for healthseekers. This paper analyzes the case of TB in Phoenix, Arizona, USA during its period of early growth to demonstrate how social constructions of disease intersected with political constructions of race and class to produce pathologized bodies and stigmatized places. Contradictions in Phoenix's progrowth strategy are discussed in this paper, along with strategies employed by city leaders to 'solve' them. These strategies included an emergent discourse by those in power that served to construct race, class and place-based inequities. Further, ideological and spatial strategies were instantiated to ensure that other Phoenix residents did not 'see' the injustices being produced. The material results of these discursive strategies included dilapidated housing, a lack of urban infrastructure, and lack of health-care services for minorities and the poor in Phoenix. Those in power, in the name of private accumulation and urban growth, had constructed a context in which poor persons with TB were spatially isolated and socially stigmatized while wealthy whites with TB were socially, culturally and environmentally advantaged. r

The work of two paediatric nurses working full-time in special schools was monitored over a full school year. Most of their time was spent on routine tasks with small numbers of pupils who required enteral feeding and suctioning. They were also responsible for administering medications to around 1 in 6 of the pupils. Both nurses had an involvement in staff training and health promotion classes; more so in one school than the other. In two similar schools which did not have a nurse, the routine tasks were done mainly by teachers or assistants ...

Aims New Zealand cardiovascular risk management guidelines advocate targeted risk assessment based primarily on age, gender, and ethnicity-and recommend drug management for people with a 5-year absolute cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk greater than 15%. To inform service planning and healthcare delivery for district health boards and primary healthcare organisations in New Zealand, we have produced population estimates of CVD prevalence and 5-year absolute CVD risk.

The government’s report, Opportunity for All: Tackling Poverty and Social Exclusion (Department of Social Security, 1999), identified poor health as one of the major problems associated with low income. However, much of the available evidence on the relationship between income and health is of little help in forming policies to reduce health inequalities, as it has tended to be based

Climate change, as an environmental hazard operating at the global scale, poses a unique and ''involuntary exposure'' to many societies, and therefore represents possibly the largest health inequity of our time. According to statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), regions or populations already experiencing the most increase in diseases attributable to temperature rise in the past 30 years ironically contain those populations least responsible for causing greenhouse gas warming of the planet. Average global carbon emissions approximate one metric ton per year (tC/yr) per person. In 2004, United States per capita emissions neared 6 tC/yr (with Canada and Australia not far behind), and Japan and Western European countries range from 2 to 5 tC/yr per capita. Yet developing countries' per capita emissions approximate 0.6 tC/yr, and more than 50 countries are below 0.2 tC/yr (or 30-fold less than an average American). This imbalance between populations suffering from an increase in climate-sensitive diseases versus those nations producing greenhouse gases that cause global warming can be quantified using a ''natural debt'' index, which is the cumulative depleted CO 2 emissions per capita. This is a better representation of the responsibility for current warming than a single year's emissions. By this measure, for example, the relative responsibilities of the U.S. in relation to those of India or China is nearly double that using an index of current emissions, although it does not greatly change the relationship between India and China. Rich countries like the U.S. have caused much more of today's warming than poor ones, which have not been emitting at significant levels for many years yet, no matter what current emissions indicate. Along with taking necessary measures to reduce the extent of global warming and the associated impacts, society also needs to pursue equitable solutions that first protect the most vulnerable population groups; be they defined by demographics, income, or location. For example, according to the WHO, 88% of the disease burden attributable to climate change afflicts children under age 5 (obviously an innocent and ''nonconsenting'' segment of the population), presenting another major axis of inequity. Not only is the health burden from climate change itself greatest among the world's poor, but some of the major mitigation approaches to reduce the degree of warming may produce negative side effects disproportionately among the poor, for example, competition for land from biofuels creating pressure on food prices. Of course, in today's globalized world, eventually all nations will share some risk, but underserved populations will suffer first and most strongly from climate change. Moreover, growing recognition that society faces a nonlinear and

We explore what health-capital theory has to offer in terms of informing and directing research into health inequality. We argue that economic theory can help in identifying mechanisms through which specific socioeconomic indicators and health interact. Our reading of the literature, and our own work, leads us to conclude that non-degenerate versions of the Grossman model (1972a;b) and its extensions can explain many salient stylized facts on health inequalities. Yet, further development is required in at least two directions. First, a childhood phase needs to be incorporated, in recognition of the importance of childhood endowments and investments in the determination of later-life socioeconomic and health outcomes. Second, a unified theory of joint investment in skill (or human) capital and in health capital could provide a basis for a theory of the relationship between education and health.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality in the US. Rates of mortality vary spatially and demographically, influenced not only by individual patient characteristics but also by levels of accessibility to hospital services and facilities. In 2000, Kentucky ranked third in the nation for heart-related deaths. The purpose of this paper is to assess geographical accessibility and service utilization related to ambulatory care sensitive CVDs in Kentucky. This study utilizes the Kentucky Hospital Discharge Database to evaluate service utilization and the Compressed Mortality File to examine mortality related to CVDs. A spatial statistical comparison of the geographical distribution of service usage and travel time to hospitals assists in assessing the relationship between accessibility and health. Our findings suggest that the distribution of utilization and mortality is geographically variable. People living in rural areas travel further to services; populations residing more than 45 min from health facilities are more likely to be socially and economically marginalized. Spatial clustering of high rates of hospital utilization occurs in areas with lower accessibility. r

The aim of this article is to discuss how neoliberal policies implemented in the Chilean health system during the Pinochet regime have a lingering effect on equal access to health care today. The two-tier health system – public and private – that was introduced in the early 1980s as a means to improve efficiency and lower health-related costs, has led instead to inequality of access and dehumanisation of health care. Health has changed from being a right to being a marketable need, thus creating a structural disadvantage for several parts of the population – particularly the poor, the elderly, and women – who cannot afford the better-quality services and timely attention of private health providers, and thus, are not adequately protected against health risks. Despite the recent health reforms that aim at improving equity in health care access and financing, we argue that the Chilean health system is still biased against the poorer segments of the population, while it favours the more affluent groups that can afford private health care.

Socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health have been little studied until recently, partly due to the lack of appropriate and agreed upon measures for this age group. The difficulties of measuring adolescent socioeconomic status (SES) are both conceptual and methodological. Conceptually, it is unclear whether parental SES should be used as a proxy, and if so, which aspect of SES is most relevant. Methodologically, parental SES information is difficult to obtain from adolescents resulting in high levels of missing data. These issues led to the development of a new measure, the Family Affluence Scale (FAS), in the context of an international study on adolescent health, the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study. The paper reviews the evolution of the measure over the past 10 years and its utility in examining and explaining health related inequalities at national and cross-national levels in over 30 countries in Europe and North America. We present an overview of HBSC papers published to date that examine FAS-related socioeconomic inequalities in health and health behaviour, using data from the HBSC study. Findings suggest consistent inequalities in self-reported health, psychosomatic symptoms, physical activity and aspects of eating habits at both the individual and country level. FAS has recently been adopted, and in some cases adapted, by other research and policy related studies and this work is also reviewed. Finally, ongoing FAS validation work is described together with ideas for future development of the measure.

Studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to strengthen patient engagement in their healthcare are widely scattered through the literature. Many clinicians and policy-makers are unaware of this evidence which has never before been assembled in one place.

Here, we provide an overview of the cultural aspects of epidemiological findings and provision of mental health care to people with intellectual disability (ID). The prevalence of intellectual disability may vary between cultural and ethnic groups, but this depends to a large extent on the definition and assessment methods used. Although human-rights-based policies have led to de-institutionalization and community care, stigmatization and discrimination of individuals with ID and health inequalities are common across cultures, which may be associated with the high rates of mental illness in this population. Negative attitudes of mentalhealth professionals towards those with ID or minority groups may lead to double discrimination and diagnostic overshadowing, and communication issues and complex caregiver networks further complicates the recognition and management of mental illness in individuals with ID. There are several ways in which clinicians could improve practice, including awareness of culturally associated explanatory models, providing person-centred care while also building a working relationship with caregivers, and addressing communication barriers, which may improve the care of individuals with ID and reduce discrimination and health inequalities in all cultural groups.

Background: People who are street involved such as those experiencing homelessness and drug use face multiple inequities in health and access to health care. Morbidity and mortality are significantly increased among those who are street involved. Incorporation of a harm reduction philosophy in health care has the potential to shift the moral context of health care delivery and enhance access to health care services. However, harm reduction with a primary focus on reducing the harms of drug use fails focus on the harms associated with the context of drug use such as homelessness, violence and poverty. Methods: Ethical analysis of the underlying values of harm reduction and examination of different conceptions of justice are discussed as a basis for action that addresses a broad range of harms associated with drug use. Results: Theories of distributive justice that focus primarily on the distribution of material goods are limited as theoretical frameworks for addressing the root causes of harm associated with drug use. Social justice, reconceptualised and interpreted through a critical lens as described by Iris Marion Young, is presented as a promising alternative ethical framework. Conclusions: A critical reinterpretation of social justice leads to insights that can illuminate structural inequities that contribute to the harms associated with the context of drug use. Such an approach provides promise as means of informing policy that aims to reduce a broad range of harms associated with drug use such as homelessness and poverty.

The task of studying the impact of social class on physical and mental health involves, among other things, the use of a conceptual toolbox that defines what social class is, establishes how to measure it, and sets criteria that help distinguish it from closely related concepts. One field that has recently witnessed a wealth of theoretical and conceptual research on social class is psychology, but geographers' and sociologists' attitude of diffidence toward this " positivistic " discipline has prevented them from taking advantage of this body of scholarship. This paper aims to highlight some of the most important developments in the psychological study of social class and social mobility that speak to the long-standing concerns of health geographers and sociologists with how social position, perceptions, social comparisons, and class-based identities impact health and well-being.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.037

Cet article propose une contribution à la sociologie du travail et à la sociologie des professions. L’auteure s’est livrée à une observation participante directe du quotidien des ambulanciers privés français dont le travail reste un angle mort des travaux sociologiques consacrés aux métiers de la santé. Au-delà des représentations sociales dominantes de l’ambulancier « transporteur », l’enquête révèle les multiples tâches de soins qu’il réalise et notamment, les soins techniques pratiqués dans le cadre de transports sanitaires d’urgence. En 2007, la création du diplôme d’État d’ambulancier, qui prévoit un élargissement de leur mandat sanitaire dans ce domaine, marque un tournant dans l’histoire de ce groupe professionnel. Il constitue une opportunité de satisfaire les revendications d’un segment du groupe qui cherche à conquérir le statut de spécialiste de l’urgence en s’appuyant sur l’exemple des ambulanciers paramedics européens et américains. Toutefois, en dépit de facteurs technologiques et scientifiques favorables, l’aboutissement de ce processus de segmentation reste aujourd’hui incertain au regard des obstacles internes au groupe professionnel, mais aussi des freins politiques et corporatistes qu’il rencontre.

L’état de santé des individus varie
considérablement en fonction de
la position qu’ils occupent dans la
hiérarchie sociale. Il s’agit d’une
évidence, observée de tout temps et en
tout lieu. Les quatre décennies qui ont
suivi la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale
ont bien permis de réduire dans les pays
d’Europe occidentale les inégalités en
matière d’espérance de vie. Mais, depuis
une vingtaine d’années, le fossé entre
classes nanties et classes populaires
s’élargit à nouveau. Dans un article
de synthèse, Laurent Vogel démontre
l’impact des conditions de travail et
des nouveaux modes d’organisation
du travail sur ces inégalités de santé.

Le directeur du département Santé
et Sécurité de l’ETUI plaide pour une
véritable prise en considération de
ces facteurs par les pouvoirs publics
qui généralement les négligent au
profit exclusif de mesures de santé
publique focalisées sur la prévention de
comportements individuels (tabagisme,
alcoolisme, alimentation) rendus seuls
responsables des inégalités de santé.

La dimension de genre n’est guère
davantage prise en compte dans les
politiques de santé publique. Pourtant,
les schémas traditionnels de répartition
des rôles au sein des couples tendent
à totalement négliger l’impact du
travail domestique sur la santé des
femmes. Ici encore, la position sociale
est déterminante : alors que le travail
salarié est un facteur de bonne santé
et d’épanouissement pour les femmes
diplômées, il s’agit au contraire d’une
source de détérioration de la santé pour
les femmes peu qualifiées.

Dans les nouveaux États membres
de l’Union européenne, les inégalités
sociales de santé ont considérablement
augmenté depuis leur conversion à
l’économie de marché. Les statistiques
officielles ont beau afficher une nette
réduction des accidents du travail, une
enquête menée en Roumanie témoigne
que la santé au travail reste la "dernière
des priorités" et que l’accès à des soins
de qualité est un privilège réservé à ceux
qui ont su s’adapter au nouveau modèle
économique.

Faudra-t-il pour réduire à nouveau
les inégalités de santé revenir à
une conception plus militante de la
médecine, à l’image d’expériences
développées au début des années 70 ?
Certaines ont survécu à l’individualisme
des années 80 et sont plus que jamais
utiles, comme l’illustre un reportage
mené dans un service de médecine du
travail de la ville ouvrière de Sheffield.
Une autre piste à explorer est celle d’une
meilleure information des médecins
généralistes quant à l’impact du travail
sur la santé de leurs patients. Cela passe
par une véritable coopération, bien
trop rare aujourd’hui, entre médecine
générale et médecine du travail.

This chapter looks at poverty from a perspective which argues that the conscious and deliberate perpetuation of poverty is a form of fundamentalism with its associated principles and values. There are people who are parasitic and are incessantly feeding off and on the sweat of the 'povertised' of society. The chapter explores how poverty prevents the fulfilment and enjoyment of human rights and results in the deferral and postponement, abandonment and foregoing of the destination of people as happiness, freedom, self-and collective affirmation, and self-actualisation. It explains why poverty, as a form of fundamentalism, affects many Africans relative to other groups from different continents. Furthermore, it explores the ways in which what I call appropriates are complicit in the perpetuation of poverty and the fundamentalism associated with it. It also examines how the measurement of poverty speaks to the 'fundamentalisation' of poverty. This is evident in the manner in which poverty statistics are derived and interpreted to express the primacy of the exclusivity of the rich and a system of neoliberalism in which the 'trickle-down effect' – a hollow hypothesis-that should benefit the so-called poor has yet to materialise for inclusivity. The first part of this chapter discusses the povertisation of the masses through the processes of appropriation. The term 'povertised' is deliberately used to show that the povertisation of the masses is a deliberate outcome of a process of making people poor – a form of poverty production. Poverty is neither accidental nor inevitable. Povertisation gives this notion the elements of a process as opposed to being an event; it systematises poverty, and makes it

Introduction: Health and health-related behaviours in childhood, adolescence and youth are crucial for health and behavioural patterns in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine the levels, distribution and socio-demographic determinants of health outcomes among Slovenian youth using three subjective health indicators.
Methods: We used national survey samples of Slovenian youth from studies in 2010 and 2013 and analyzed three single-item indicators: self-rated health, self-reported chronic health problems (illness, disability, mental health problems) and perceived stress.
Results: In 2013 16.8 % of respondents rated their health as excellent, 71.6 % as (very) good, and 11.5 % as poor/fair – the latter more often by women and respondents with less educated mothers. On average about every tenth respondent reported chronic health problems in six surveys covering the period 2002–2013. In 2013, 40.2 % of Slovenian youth experienced stress “at least weekly”, a slightly smaller proportion than in 2011 (41.1 %). The frequency of perceived stress was higher among women and older youth.
Discussion and conclusions: In the 2010–2013 period there were no significant changes in subjective health status of Slovenian youth, despite the unfavourable macro-conditions in Slovenia and Europe, which had especially negative impact on the objective situation of young people (e.g., increases in the youth unemployment rates, etc.). Our study aimed to partially fill the research gap, since there is a lack of studies on health of Slovenian post-adolescent youth and young adults.
Key words: self-rated health, perceived stress, chronic health problems, inequalities in health, determinants of health, youth.

Izhodišča: Zdravje in z zdravjem povezana vedenja v obdobju otroštva, adolescence in mladosti so ključnega pomena za zdravje in vedenjske vzorce v odraslosti in poznejši starosti. Namen pričujoče raziskave je bil preučiti stopnje, distribucijo in sociodemografske dejavnike zdravstvenih izidov slovenske mladine na treh subjektivnih indikatorji zdravja.
Metode: Uporabljeni so bili nacionalni anketni vzorci slovenske mladine iz let 2010 in 2013, analizirali pa smo indikatorje: samoocenjeno zdravje, samoporočane kronične zdravstvene težave (bolezen, invalidnost, psihične težave) in pogostost samozaznanega stresa. 
Rezultati: V 2013 je 16,8 % respondentov svoje zdravje ocenilo kot odlično, 71,6 % kot (zelo) dobro, 11,5 % pa kot slabo/zadovoljivo – slednje pogosteje ženske in respondenti z manj izobraženimi materami. V povprečju približno vsaki desetih mladi v Sloveniji poroča kronične zdravstvene težave; v obdobju 2002–2013 je bil trend relativno stabilen. V letu 2013 je 40,2 % slovenske mladine doživljalo stres »vsaj tedensko«, nekoliko manjši delež kot v letu 2011 (41,1 %). Pogostost samozaznanega stresa je višja med ženskami in starejšo mladino.
Diskusija in zaključki: V obdobju 2010–2013 ni prišlo do bistvenih sprememb subjektivnega zdravstvenega stanja slovenske mladine, kljub neugodnim makrorazmeram v Sloveniji in Evropi, ki še posebej slabo vplivajo na položaj mladih (npr. naraščanje stopnje brezposelnosti mladih). Z raziskavo smo poskušali deloma zapolniti raziskovalno vrzel, saj v Sloveniji primanjkuje raziskav o zdravju postadolescentne mladine in mladih na prehodu v odraslost.
Ključne besede: samoocenjeno zdravje, samozaznan stres, kronične zdravstvene težave, neenakosti v zdravju, dejavniki zdravja, zdravje slovenske mladine.