Futurology

El vocablo neoliberalismo padece su propio éxito. Movilizado ampliamente y en los ámbitos más diversos de las prácticas comunicacionales contemporáneas -desde las teorías económicas a la filosofía política, del pensamiento crítico a la adjetivación espontánea-se encuentra internamente torsionado por la historia de sus usos. El carácter difuso de su trama pragmática y la amplitud de su polisemia señalan no sólo su eficacia ideológica sino, además, un enigma y una serie de controversias en torno de la relación entre tiempo y pensamiento que el término concita. Paradójicamente, quien mejor captó la ambivalente semántica del término fue uno de sus célebres divulgadores, Francis Fukuyama, en el volumen El Fin de la historia y el último hombre (1992), donde la idea del "fin" -vaga y confusamente asociada a la filosofía de la historia hegeliana-remite simultáneamente a la idea de cesación del tiempo (entendido como movimiento, transformación) y a la figura de la culminación de la obra filosófica de la civilización (liberal, capitalista). En este sentido, podríamos decir, que ese escrito canónico de divulgación de la ideología neoliberal es índice de un problema que el campo del pensamiento crítico, desde diversas perspectivas, ha intentado pensar en torno al neoliberalismo: su doble condición, como contorno de una época histórica y como límite de un régimen de historicidad o incluso como cesación de un tipo de relación específica entre razón, experiencia y tiempo. Partiendo de su composición lexical, este neologismo convoca ya una cuestión de índole temporal porque se cierne en una cierta tensión entre el pasado y el futuro. El prefijo neo proveniente de la expresión griega νέος, asociada al indoeuropeo newo, modula la palabra latina liber, de un modo tal, que sugiere renovación, recomienzo y, por lo tanto, también herencia, revisión. El sufijo ismo, ισμος, da cuenta de su devenir doctrina: cuerpo de ideas entre otros cuerpos de ideas, más o menos identificables en su fuerza nominativa y prospectiva. La pertinencia de este vocablo en el Lexico que lo recoge resulta clara, ya, desde su morfología. Neoliberalismo es el nombre de un cierto borde temporal, una operación de herencia y recomienzo que lleva las marcas de la historia de las ideas en aquello que ésta porta de historia material o de historia a secas. Pero no sólo eso, en su pretensión doctrinaria, este neologismo se

U ovome radu razmatraju se i prikazuju dosadašnje spoznaje o kritičkom mišljenju u području obrazovanja. Svrha rada je prikaz i analiza dosadašnjih znanstvenih doprinosa istraživanja kritičkog mišljenja u obrazovanju kako bi se izradila teorijska podloga i identificirali inovativni pravci budućih istraživanja tog područja. Rad donosi pregled i komentar na određenje koncepta kritičkog mišljenja te prikaz značajnih istraživanja područja kritičkog mišljenja u obrazovanju unutar stranog i hrvatskog istraživačkog konteksta. Nalazi dosadašnjih istraživanja upućuju na važnost razvoja i implementacije poučavanja za kritičko mišljenje s obzirom da ono pospješuje kvalitetu procesa učenja i poučavanja u nastavi. Istraživanja pokazuju da nastavnik ima ključnu ulogu u poticanju razvoja kritičkog mišljenja učenika prije svega kroz primjenu metoda aktivnog učenja i poučavanja. U zaključnom dijelu rada, na temelju određenja koncepta kritičkog mišljenja i prikaza dosadašnjih istraživanja, razvija se konstrukt poučavanja za kritičko mišljenje kroz njegovu kategorizaciju i operacionalizaciju koje ujedno predstavljaju moguće pravce budućih istraživanja.

1. Introduction
The development of the physical growth and population growth of cities has been on a steep rise over the past three decades. With new developments, cities were quickly adapted to changes, and the expansion of the service sector, and the concentration of industries and factories in cities have attracted people from many villages and small cities to major cities. Not only has these changes caused the disparity and dissonance of the physical expansion of the cities, but it also has greatly impacted the spatial development of cities. Cities may vary from a variety of perspectives, but contrary to these differences, cities have several features that make them similar. The dynamics and growth are two bases that exist in most cities. However, modeling of dynamism and growth, and models that involve the complexity of cities are very difficult. Therefore, these complexities make it harder to use old models for modeling because they are static, linear, cumulative, interconnected, and based on the theory of simple systems. So, in order to model urban systems, new methods should be employed that are dynamic, nonlinear, non-cumulative, discrete, and low-end. Therefore, this research aims to predict the future development of Hamadan city by employing a method that evaluates urban variables in a nonlinear way.
2. Methodology
Cities are among the most complex structures which are built through human societies. A cellular automaton is widely used for the simulation of complex nonlinear systems. In this article, we first explain the structural and the general principles of CA and then use fuzzy logic as a method of transforming rules of the CA model. These logic rules are desirable in dealing with complex non-linear relationships. An urban cellular automation is designed to model urban and regional systems that include simulation of urban projects such as urban development simulation, simulation of land use change, and so on. This is a proposed model for using simulation of user variations. The space-spatial variables used in the simulation of the geographic database are extracted and the variables of the change of use of satellite imagery will be obtained. Once the cells' position is determined in the next period, the cells are compared one by one. The process of performing this method consists of two main stages of classification and simulation. In the first step, linear categorizers are used to make decision making using vector regression. In the simulation stage, according to different variables, the probability of land use changes in the city will be predicted.
3. Results
The present study showed the extent, and quality of land use in the city by 2040, and then the future development of the city of Hamedan was simulated and predicted for the years to come. The simulation outcomes in the form of raster maps as well as the calculation of the city's physical development in 2040 using statistical methods revealed that if land use changes continued with this trend, the area of land built up by 2040 would increase and this area would probably approximately reach 6350 hectares, and the area of the lands of the garden and the tree will be reduced further. According to the calculations, the physical development of the city of Hamedan has been doubled over the past thirty years.
4. Conclusion
According to available statistics, the city of Hamadan has experienced a growing trend over the last 50 years. The city of Hamedan, due to its location, has many restrictions, however, the population of the city is increasing as a result of the urban area of Hamedan. The simulation of land use change in Hamadan city was used and the results indicate a good correlation between real and simulated models. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cellular automation model, based on the rules of transmission of regression vector support, is a useful tool for simulating urban systems. The strengths of this approach can be seen in terms of the physical outlook, the flexibility of the program, real-life prospects, the lack of involvement of non-programmers in the program preparation process, the attention to urban problems, and the lack of emphasis on the production of planning standards, etc. Given that most of the factors affecting the formation and dynamics of cities are dynamic and gradual, changes are affected by the areas under study and may even change from city to city. Therefore, it is suggested that different parts of the city be considered for optimal parameters of cellular automation and compared with each other. This modeling helps designers, planners, managers and other researchers to be able to predict the status of cities and other land use changes in the future.

The present study aims to identify the driving forces affecting community-based development in low-income urban areas. For this purpose, Al-Teimour neighborhood in Mashhad metropolis was selected as a sample. The research is applied and quantitative. Library and documentary sources and questionnaire were used to collect the data. To explain the current situation, the results of the census of Al-Teimour neighborhood in 2019, with a population of 15,417 residents was used. In order to conduct a survey to identify the drivers that affect making the community-based development happen in the neighborhood, 30 experts in field of urban management and planning were selected as a sample. Research indicators were examined in four areas (physical, social, economic, and legal) and in the form of 36 variables. Cross-impact analysis method was used in Micmac software to analyze the data. The results showed that 12 variables were identified as the most influential and the least dependent drivers, which are "age and sex structure of the population", "household dimensions", "population density", and "literacy", "employment rate", "financial and economic assets", "granulation of parcels", "land use per capita" and "diversity of land use", "building density", "urban infrastructure", and "Intra-contextual and extra-contextual communication networks". Considering these drivers through a participatory approach and through planning, the development and implementation of community-based projects will be an effective step towards achieving development.

1. Introduction
The tendency towards moving to cities and urbanization is currently an increasing challenge over the world which seems to be the consequence of modernity. Unbalanced growth of cities is now a remarkable challenge. Paying attention to the compact city and smart growth seems to be necessary to achieve the desired pattern of scattered development. Sari, as the capital of Mazandaran province, has developed drastically in the last few decades. The population the city increased from 70,735 people in 1976 to 323,790 people in 2016. Moreover, the physical growth and development of the city during the last half century is remarkable. The area of the city has increased sixteen times, while its population has increased approximately 12 times over the period. Moreover, the rapid increase of the population of the city population and its indiscriminate expansion have created unequal urban spaces, so that the four regions of this city appear to have unequal development indicators. Becoming aware of the amount of inequality seems necessary for making balance and creating correct and fair planning based on smart growth. Considering the above issue, this study sough to explicate the model of smart growth in Sari. It is viewed that examining the city using smart growth and paying attention to its development capacities can guide this city towards a sustainable city.
2. Method
Documentary and library sources were used to collect the data of this descriptive-analytical research. The indicators of smart growth includes a wide range. Considering the wide range and lack of information, from among 10 indicators of smart growth, density and mixed use were selected. Then, Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) was applied to examine the situation of the four Districts of Sari city. According to the opinion of experts of Delphi technique and considering the theoretical saturation, to finalize the indicators, a sample 15 managers, deputies and employees of Sari Municipality were interviewed (groups of 2, 7, and 8 people). Then, the Shannon entropy model was used to determine the weight of these indicators.
3. Results
The results showed that District 4 of Sari that is considered the main and central District of the city has the highest gross residential density and District 2 has the lowest residential density. The population density is uneven in all districts of Sari (4 districts) in 2016. The gross population density is very high in the parts close the downtown of Sari (that is about 101 people per hectare), and the density decreases moving towards the districts on the outskirt of the city, recording 67 people per hectare in the areas.
Since the 1996 the overall residential density of the city has been decreasing. The density is 27.7 in 2016. District 4 f the city is the most populated residential district and has the highest overall residential density and District 1 has the lowest overall residential density. The statistics shows that in 1996, the population of Sari was more than 195,882 people. Out of 2500 hectares of the city, 753 hectares are net residential area. The net residential density increased 260 people per hectare over the last decade and reached 289 people per hectare in 2006. Due to the increase of growth rate compared to the previous decade, the population in this year grew by about 65 thousand people and the residential area increased to 150 hectares.
The net residential density in 2016 shows decrease in comparison to the previous decade as it reached 277 people per hectare. About 60 thousand people had been added over the years to the population of the city. Over the decade, 250 hectares of residential use has been added to the area of Sari, and this has caused a decrease in the net residential density. District 3 has the highest net residential density (306.59 people per hectare) and District 4 has the lowest net residential density (237.12 people per hectare). The per capita residential land in Sari in 1996 was 38.4 square meters. District 4, holding 42.1 people per hectare in 2016 had the highest per capita population and District 1 was the second populated district. The ratio of the number of residential units on the areas for three periods (currently about 20 residential units per hectare) has relatively decreased. Regarding the evaluation of the diversity of use mix in more than two types of uses (residential and non-residential) at the level of districts of Sari, it can be said that Districts 4 and 3 have the best condition in terms of the diversity of the mix of urban uses as they have many uses and good distribution. Holding 6.67 square meters per capita, District 4 has the lowest amount of abandoned land. Regarding car ownership indicator, District 4 has the highest level of car ownership (31.12% of car ownerships).
The results on the accessibility to the workplace showed that District 4 has the highest accessibility (27.49%) to the workplace. According to the current value, Districts 4, 3 and 1 are ranked the first to third ranks regarding smart urban growth.
4. Discussion and conclusion
Rapid population increase in most cities of the developing countries seems to be the consequences of lack of planning on the proper use of urban land. In this regard, Sari is not an exception. The results showed inequality between the districts of the city in terms of the indicators of smart growth. So, Districts 4 and 3 are advance in terms of having smart growth indicator and District 2 is at the lowest level. Higher record of smart growth indicators in some districts of Sari have disturbed the integrity and unity of the city. More advanced districts have the capability of more growth regarding the indicators of smart growth, but some other districts do not have such an advantage. The issue itself has ceated a gap in growth and development in Sari’s urban system.

Cities as a living place are constantly evolving and dynamic. The key factors affecting the physical and spatial development of cities are commercial centers. Entropy and Holdern models were in this applied study to explain the physical development of Mahabad. The results of measuring entropy based on Mahabad area from 1976 to 2016 and the entropy coefficient (0.435) indicated that the physical development of the city was scattered and non-congested. Moreover, the results of Holdern model showed that 48% of the city’s development was due to its population and 52% was due to horizontal development and dispersion. The most important key factors and drivers in relation to the future of spatial expansion of Mahabad were identified with an emphasis on the city's business activities. Considering the importance of their drivers and their uncertainty in the three situations, the folowing issues were developed in the city of Mahabad: a) hybrid use and intelligent growth urban development; b) Spatial expansion of the city with the same current trend (linear form); and c) spatial expansion of the city as a scattered development in all directions of the city. Then, the combined use and urban intelligent growth were introduced as the most appropriate scenario in Mahabad, which involves the formulation of strategies and operational plans for urban sustainability.

Suleyman is the Co-Founder of the world's leading AI companies including Inflection AI, and DeepMind, acquired by Google. He was behind the AI programs AlphaZero and AlphaGo Zero. It is therefore not surprising that Suleyman and Bhaskar (2023) has received attention from a wide array of prominent thinkers, academics, entrepreneurs, authors, and leaders like Yuval Noah Harari, Nouriel Roubini, Andrew McAfee, Daniel Kahneman, Jeffrey D. Sachs, Al Gore, and Bill Gates. What follows is a summary of the main themes raised by this book and how the ideas critically engage with economists studying automation, and with thinkers like Acemoglu and Restrepo (2019), Susskind (2020), Acemoglu (2021) and Qureshi and Woo (2022).

Pre 40 godina pisci naučne fantastike su pisali o "uređajima za trenutnu komunikaciju" pomoću kojih će svako na planeti moći trenutno da stupi u kontakt sa bilo kim drugim. Skeptici su im se podsmevali. Danas takav uređaj-mobilni telefon-ne samo da postoji, nego predstavlja i mnogo, mnogo više, pošto objedinjava istovremeno i telefon, i časovnik, i digitron, i kalendar, i radio-prijemnik, i tv-prijemnik, i fotoaparat, i kameru, i vezu sa internetom. I već danas se u ljudske glave ubacuju čipovi-navodno samo u svrhu lečenja ili pomaganja obolelima od nekih bolesti. Ali već sad mora biti jasno da će nanotehnologija ("nano" označava jedan milijarditi deo od neke jedinice za veličinu) vrlo brzo omogućiti da se napravi takav čip koji će predstavljati isti taj "mobilni telefon" sa svim nabrojanim funkcijama, i koji će moći da se ubaci u glavu. I, kroz najviše 40 godina (verovatno mnogo pre) upravo to će se i činiti. Mnogi će se tome obradovati i rado će to prihvatiti: jednom odgovarajućom misaonom naredbom, između dva treptaja oka moći će da fotografišu sve što požele; drugom, drugačijom naredbom moći će očima da snimaju neki prizor u određenom trajanju, pa da zatim taj snimak, kao i fotografiju, arhiviraju u samom čipu ili da pošalju nekud izvan svoje glave u bazu podataka; zatim, imaće trenutni pristup mnogim bibliotekama, knjigama, enciklopedijama-imaće sve znanje sveta u glavi. Moći će u vlastitoj glavi da gledaju filmove. Itd. Oni koji se sami odluče na takvo ubacivanje čipa u vlastitu glavu (a biće ih sve više i više) smejaće se onima koji budu zazirali od toga i proglašavaće ih zaostalima, primitivcima, retardiranima i t. sl. A onda će sve više država na svetu početi da uvodi obavezno čipovanje. I to će biti kroz najviše 40 godina. A kroz najviše 20 u većini država sveta uvešće se obavezni "elektronski novčanik" i biće ukinuto gotovinsko plaćanje i gotovina. Na taj će način svaki čovek postati finansijski zavisan od države, koja će moći u svakom trenutku, ako je postao pretnja, smetnja, nepodoban, da mu obriše sva sredstva na računu-preostaće mu da bude klošar i da se hrani iz kontejnera, ako još uopšte bude kontejnera i hrane koju dobri ljudi ostavljaju na njima, što će takođe biti ukinuto i zabranjeno. Dakle, prvo obavezni "elektronski novčanik", zatim obavezni čip u mozak. A onda će preko tog čipa početi da se regulišu raspoloženja, osećanja, misli, ponašanje njegovog nosioca. Jer, ako obična čokolada može hemijskim putem da utiče na mozak i popravlja raspoloženje, nanotehnologija će moći mnogo više. I neće to biti odmah, sa nosiocima prvih čipova, niti će prvi čipovi za masovnu upotrebu imati takvu funkciju. Ali verovatno će već ti prvi ugrađivani čipovi imati jednu sposobnost: da nametnu svom nosiocu želju i potrebu za prihvatanjem novih, savršenijih modela čipova. Koji će ih, na kraju, pretvoriti u robote i robove. Skeptici će se opet smejati i reći da je ovo budalaština, kao što su pre 40 godina tvrdili da je uređaj za trenutnu komunikaciju obična fantazija. I kome je to potrebno, taj ljudski mravinjak, ta zajednica obezvoljenih, robotizovanih ljudi? Pa onima koji su i danas najmoćniji, najuticajniji, najumniji, najtalentovaniji-Elonima i Davidima-i njihovim potomcima, vladarima sveta. A ti i tvoji potomci imaćete sve u svojoj glavi, samo što to više neće biti tvoja glava, i ti više nećeš biti ti. I čovečanstvo više neće biti zajednica razumnih-ili barem polurazumnih bića, homo demisapiensa-već zajednica homo roboticusa.

This paper explores the profound interconnections between artificial intelligence (AI), human transformation, and planetary evolution. Drawing from the perspectives of Eugenio Carutti and James Lovelock, it examines how intelligence—both organic and inorganic—is a manifestation of Earth's evolutionary processes. Carutti’s concept of "Planetary Intelligence" and Lovelock’s insights into the Anthropocene and Novacene provide a framework to understand humanity's role in a rapidly changing world. The emergence of AI is not merely a technological phenomenon but an extension of Earth’s adaptive systems, challenging humanity to transcend its anthropocentric worldview. The study advocates for a collective psychic maturation, urging us to embrace interdependence and align human actions with the forces that guide planetary evolution. Ultimately, it invites a reflection on whether humanity is prepared to coexist and collaborate with forms of intelligence that surpass its own, marking a pivotal moment in Earth's evolutionary narrative.

The purpose of the following text is to present what I have established about volitional concepts such as act or will. I claim that the concepts play the most important rôles in epistemology and ontology (theoretical philosophy), philosophy of right (“die Rechtsphilosophie,” practical philosophy), and consequently in systematic philosophizing. The main part of the text deals with act, will and other volitional concepts as the main subject of the philosophy of right to exhibit these concepts at their finest. Especially the one of will, as the pars pro toto of volitionality, is examined and exhibited. The concept of will is in its element in the philosophy of right, so the latter is the best place for its examination. Eventually, after the summary of the main part, the advertisement of an application of the concept of will to the general philosophical issues is presented. This concept, as the spirit unto itself, is introductorily confronted with epistemological and ontological problems such as the problem of novelty (of which an instance is known as the Meno’s paradox), the ontological status of laws of nature and laws of history, the problem of the emergence of intersubjectivity and the character of “true infinity” and of sublation. I wrote the text in a manner highlighting the moments of the presented reasoning that may stimulate interest and curiosity of the reader. In highlighting thus: the object, goals and theses, claims. This, necessarily, puts in the shade reasonings, viz., assumptions, premises, and inferences themselves and makes the text sound like a summary. This is not a disguise: this is truly a summary of much broader considerations.

In their article entitled “AI is Changing the World: For Better or for Worse?” Grewal, Guha, and Becker imply two symptom-avoidance rather than goal-approach questions: (1) What fundamental societal problems, previously identified in the marketing literature, will AI exacerbate? and (2) How can society remedy these problems? By only considering articles published in prestigious marketing-related journals, their restrictive bottom-up thought-leader-grounded process for deriving answers to these questions is blinkered and somewhat backward-looking. Instead, a top-down approach, driven by preferred-outcome questions like ‘How can marketing best help to optimize societal flourishing in a post-scarcity, AI-rich environment?’, may foster comprehensive, extra-disciplinary, future-oriented, and proactive analyses that yield more effective answers. We close by speculating that marketing can survive in a transhuman and AI-rich environment.

U Rijeci, gradu u kojem je rođen, školovao se i radio, 8.travnja 2014. godine, u 57. godini života umro je prof. dr. Marko Mušanović. Svi koji su poznavali profesora Mušanovića znaju da se hrabro nosio s teškom bolesti od 2005. godine s kojom je, kako je on govorio, potpisao ugovor o suradnji. Nakon godinu i pol od dijagnostici ranja bolesti, uslijed agresivne terapije, kolega Mušanović je postao 100% invalid što ga nije sprječavalo da obavlja sve aktivnosti na Odsjeku za pedagogiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Rijeci. Znanstveni i nastavni entuzijazam ga nije napustio unatoč teškim okolnostima: mnogobrojni studenti su diplomirali pod njegovim mentorstvom, dva su kandidata stekla doktorat znanosti a napisao je nekoliko znanstvenih radova. U radu sa studentima pronalazio je snagu i inspiraciju za nove znanstvene izazove. Rođen je 1.2. 1957 godine u Rijeci gdje je završio osnovnu i srednju školu te Pedagoški fakultet. Na istom fakultetu 1985 stekao je magisterij znanosti iz polja pedagogije a doktorat znanosti iz društvenohumanističkih i teoloških znanosti, po lje pedagogije 1990. godine. Dr. Marko Mušanović bio je redoviti profesor u trajnom zvanju na Odsjeku za pedagogiju Filozofskog fakulteta. Profesor Mušanović sudjelo vao je u izvođenju svih oblika sveučilišne nastave kako na matičnom fakultetu tako i na drugim sveučilištima i fakultetima. Izvodio je nastavu na poslijediplomskom magistarskom i doktorskom studiju pedagogija i bio mentor studentima na svim ra zinama sveučilišnog obrazovanja.

We are living in unstable socio-economic processes, with significant social changes occurring and decisions being made with controversial effects on the population. This time, it is not sufficient to foresee trends, given that possible futures were developed by way of studying the facts of objective reality. Neither can we consider future expectations and planned actions by key stakeholders, because the affected population may act against future conceptions and decisions that can be regarded reasonable and professionally well-founded. Therefore, we should become familiar with the views, opinions and expectations of the individuals and the population regarding the future.

Nella visione immaginale io non vedo semplicemente, ma partecipo , intensamente e integralmente ad una realtà, quella terza realtà posta tra il sensibile e l'intelligibile, che é quella che si origina a partire appunto da una disposizione ricettiva e passiva, paziente e devota, che accomuna il mistico, il poeta, l'artista e il sognatore". P. Mottana

El documento "Entre Distopías y Utopías: Forjando un Nuevo Mundo" examina las visiones del futuro presentadas en obras de ciencia ficción y literatura especulativa, contrastando los escenarios distópicos y utópicos imaginados por autores como Isaac Asimov y H.G. Wells. A través de estos ejemplos, el texto explora las posibilidades del desarrollo social y tecnológico, y cómo las diferentes perspectivas literarias influyen en la construcción de imaginarios sobre el futuro de la humanidad.

Sociology has long wrestled with theoretical fragmentation, hindering a unified understanding of social life. This paper unveils the General Social Theory of Compromises (G-STOC), a bold framework that reimagines social phenomena through the lens of promises and their reciprocal arrangements, termed compromises. G-STOC posits that all social interactions — whether mundane exchanges or transformative societal shifts — hinge on promises, broadly defined to include not just explicit pledges but also tacit expectations, norms, and imposed duties. These promises knit together into compromises, forming the essential fabric of social relationships. The theory advances several key insights: (1) social behavior springs from actual and virtual agency, with virtual agency rooted in anticipated promises; (2) emotions like anger and disappointment reveal breaches of these promises, highlighting their omnipresence; (3) compromises unify individual actions with broader social influences; and (4) sociological insight arises from tracing these compromises across time. Emphasizing the future-oriented nature of social action, G-STOC sidesteps perennial debates like agency versus structure, offering a potent, streamlined tool to decode human interactions. This paper urges scholars to engage with G-STOC, testing its potential to revitalize social science and deepen our grasp of society’s complexities.

The interplay of science , prophecy and AI is highlighted, with special reference to the social forces of territoriality, tribalism and ideology in humanity. A rational learning sequence is presented, in terms of developing tech-know-logical forces; the whole learning process is characterized as cyclical and spiral, with strong regressive and weak progressive moments as per ethical versus animalistic traits in the living body of humanity.

Voz Socialismo del Léxico crítico del futuro, publicado por el Laboratorio de Investigación en Ciencias Humanas (LICH, UNSAM). Se discuten las raíces pre y posrevolucionarias del socialismo en Francia como núcleo histórico-conceptual de su sentido político y social.

This paper explores the employees' readiness in the manufacturing sector for the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) vis a vis the 10 critical skill-sets identified by the World Economic Forum (WEF). We took a critical review of relevant theories and highlighted pragmatic solutions. Data collection for this study was obtained through a questionnaire among the employees of a brewing production plant in Nigeria. Using the 5-point Likert scale, 231 copies of the questionnaire were administered to workers on site. The study results are reported using a sample t-test to represent the values of Mean (M), Standard Deviation (SD), and Cronbach Alpha to test for the instrument's internal consistency. The analysis results revealed that most skillsets that require continuous career and employability in the 4IR are seen as low among the sampled organization employees, with an average mean score of less than 3.41. Interestingly, service orientation and people management skills are ranked the highest readily available skill among the workers. Many studies look at graduate work readiness, while attention to current employees' context is just beginning to gain traction.

Альберт Ефимов -кандидат философских наук, вице-президент, директор Управления исследований и инноваций ПАО «Сбербанк», заведующий кафедрой инженерной кибернетики Национального исследовательского технологического университета «МИСиС», Москва;

Cada vez en mayor grado la influencia e impacto del cambio tecnológico que se está produciendo en el mundo y está transformando la sociedad está repercutiendo también en la gestión gubernamental, la cual requiere procesos innovativos para enfrentar el desafío que representa en la actualidad avanzar en la vía que conduzca a las transformaciones que le permitan ir reduciendo las desigualdades sociales. Es en ese sentido que se están incorporando soportes tecnológicos a los procesos y estrategias que propicien la funcionalidad eficiente del sector público, así como instrumentar acciones mejor estructuradas e integradas a los diferentes niveles de gobierno para que la implementación, seguimiento y evaluación de las políticas públicas se lleven a cabo con el propósito de alcanzar niveles más altos de bienestar social. Para lograrlo en este libro se propone:
• Incorporar más conocimiento de manera organizada y sistémica a las estructuras de gobierno.
• Impulsar la innovación en sus procesos de gestión, en la toma de decisiones más participativas, en los proyectos y acciones que realiza y los servicios que presta.
• Aplicar los avances de la tecnología en mejorar las condiciones y calidad de vida de la población.
En síntesis lo que se plantea el Dr. Diódoro Guerra Rodríguez como idea central es que a partir de la relación directa y estrecha que debe existir entre un gobierno eficiente y un mayor nivel de bienestar social; se configuren, diseñen y desarrollen enfoques y metodologías basadas en el conocimiento, la innovación y la tecnología y que además incorporen todos los factores que puedan potenciar ese vínculo y sus interrelaciones entre otros los aspectos multidisciplinarios y de la complejidad en la reorganización de las capacidades gubernamentales. Considerando también la segmentación geográfica de los retos y problemas y su regionalización y descentralización para la búsqueda de alternativas de solución.
Todo esto con el propósito de impulsar un mejor desempeño del gobierno para que se traduzca en logros y resultados en beneficio de la sociedad y el desarrollo humano.

A partir da fissura na temporalidade moderna e tendo a descricao e designacao do tempo presente como Amplo Presente, este ensaio propoe que as imagens produzidas pela ficcao audiovisual de filmes e series sobre ideias de futuros, sejam a presentificacao dos futuros ausentes. Ao versarem sobre ideias de futuro, essas imagens sao “futuridades”; ao presentificarem o que e ausente, devido ao fechamento do horizonte de expectativa moderno, ganham uma potencia “espectral”, sendo nomeadas de imagens-espectro de futuridades.

[© Publication and access are restricted by copyright. Publikacja i dostęp ograniczone prawem autorskim. Публикация и доступ ограничены авторским правом.]

The aim of this paper is to consider Stanisław Lem’s postulate of the stochastic-fluctuating nature of reality with the help of the conceptual apparatus developed by modern physics. The essay is divided into two parts: the first of them is devoted to Lemian reception of the Universe, with particular attention being paid to the statistical impossibilities—“singularities”—which are presented on the basis of the Markov quasi-chain, and the second turns to the practical use of them by Lem as pretexts-starting points in the framework of plot construction. It also contains an attempt to “examine” the central point of “The Investigation” plot—which itself is a singularity—as rationally as possible, using the tools and concepts of modern science. The paper is intended to answer the question about Lem’s view of reality and the Universe, focusing primarily on “The Investigation” (1959), “His Master’s Voice” (1968), and “Thus Spoke Lem” (1987/2002)—an extended interview conducted by Stanisław Bereś.

❧ Świerczyński, F., “Reality as a Fluctuation, Reality as a Singularity: Between Stanisław Lem’s Reception of the Universe and ‘The Investigation’.” In: “Stanisław Lem and His Aliens: A Tribute and a Challenge,” ed. E. Gomel, Guardbridge Books, St Andrews, 2022, pp. 107–136.

URL: http://www.guardbridgebooks.co.uk/books/LemAndHisAliens.html // https://www.bsfa.co.uk/BSFA-Review-Stanislaw-Lem-and-his-Aliens-A-Tribute-and-a-Challenge-edited-by-Elana-Gomel/ // https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/stanislaw-lem-and-his-aliens-gomel/1142075169

The concept of dystopia or anti-utopia goes beyond what is imagined as an ideal world; it is used to describe works that include the chaos, political problems, despair, and impossibility that humanity is dragged into. Stanislaw Lem, who was influenced by the changing life patterns after the Ukrainian invasion and the Nazi occupation, discussed the concept of dystopia together with the drug theme in his work The Futurological Congress (1971). As humanity's expectations from technology increase, the contents of dystopian works have also become richer. As a result, a universe focused entirely on living with drugs was depicted in his work. Greed and careless consumption of resources have led to the disruption of world order and population explosion. This article aims to examine the chemocratic universe of Lem's work The Futurological Congress, by focusing on the effect of drug-centered government on the characters, in line with the characteristics of dystopian works. In this research, the hallucinatory journeys of the character named Ijon Tichy and the problems he encounters are examined. Tichy, who hallucinates due to the drugs, and those in the sewer where he hides find themselves in a grotesque adventure. By examining the characteristics of dystopian works, the effects of drugs and benignimizers reaching the social lives of the characters are examined. The article focuses on examining the efforts to adapt to the so-called utopian but dystopian life depicted in the novel, which has many drug problems.

Energy management must consider available resources, dependence on external sources, energy supply, pricing, environmental impact, and global influences. For developing countries, energy security often takes precedence over energy resilience and environmental sustainability. Achieving a balance or trade-off among these elements should be a collaborative effort between developing and developed countries.

This brief technical synopsis points to the key role of AI tools in enhancing human
spiritual development. The analysis foresses a deepening inegration of learning
Torah and science via AI tools, thus extending human spiritual consciousness by
memory, speed and cognition, i.e. a new stage of Judaism is predicted, with respect
to our tech-know-logical information age.

Revista Prospectiva y Estrategia con los artículos mas relevantes publicados durante el mes de abril 2024 sobre prospectiva y futuro en seguridad y defensa, economía y negocios, salud, educación, energía, ciencia y tecnología, etc. Mi Editorial con una reflexión sobre adaptación, cambio climático y el rol de la ciencia y la tecnología.

Article type: Research Article Dou to the special importance of land use in Iran and the passage of over one year from the enactment and communication of National Land Use Document in March 2020 and the concerns about the practical steps to implement the provisions of National Land Use Document by executive organizations, the main question of this study is that in the light of the roles of related actors, how will this document be implemented? The research methodology of this study was actor-oriented, and the project was carried out based on exploratory and expert-based methods. Data were collected from 23 experts of Iran's land use domain using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using MACTOR futurology software. The results showed that from among the initial 33 effective actors in the Document implementation, 13 actors were selected as the main actors by the expert panel. It was observed that so far, no strong will has existed in those main actors to implement the National Land Use Document, and they don't seem to be motivated to so in near future. In other words, the Document content and the potential of supervisory organizations are not so mandatory to force the main actors responsible for the implementation of the Document to put it into practice. Therefore, it is predicted that in future, the implementation of the Document will face serious challenges from institutions and actors. It is necessary for the responsible institutions (Planning and Budget Organization as well as Supreme Council of Land Use) to seriously follow up, make effective communications, bring about strong institutional combabilities among actors, and ask all implementing organizations to work in order to pave the ground for the formation of national will to implement the National Land Use Document as soon as possible.

The body-oriented approach in the philosophy of cognitive sciences is gaining in importance in the conditions of the formation of new high-tech contexts. The problem of interoception and integration of bodily data into socio-economic processes requires a comprehensive analysis and ethical assessment. This article examines the conceptual foundations of the body-oriented approach and its impact on the essence of cognitive processes. The main advantages and disadvantages of this approach are presented. We consider the methodological conflict zones of the bodily paradigm and traditional methodological attitudes of the cognitive sciences. The system ofinteroceptive sensations is a special «layer» of bodily experience. The social functions of interoceptive sensations are an interdisciplinary research area that focuses on the mechanisms of interaction between the private content of bodily experience and systems of social interaction. The regularity between interoceptive sensations and huma...

Естественная история архитектуры как артефакта, предназначенного для изменения окружающей среды с целью уменьшения ее селективного давления, параллельна истории эволюции живых видов и их взаимоотношений с окружающей средой. Что касается человека, то история взаимоотношений человека и природы, связанная с архитектурой, начинается в Восточной Африке, среди некоторых групп антропоморфных обезьян в тропических лесах, около 4 000 000 лет назад. Первоначально, до того, как предки человека покинули лесную среду, архитектура, как мы понимаем ее сегодня, заключалась лишь в строительстве гнезда или выборе места, пригодного для выживания: дерева, ветки или полости между стволами.. В лесу архитектура была естественной средой, для которой архитектурный акт был выбором и признанием уже созданного убежища для защиты от опасностей, как природных, так и во взаимоотношениях между видами, в акте выживания собственного вида. В то время этот архитектурный акт был определением безопасного места для жизни. Уже на заре своего развития архитектура была о жизни, это было место, где можно было иметь дом в хайдеггеровском смысле. 1 В дальнейшем, с изменением условий окружающей среды, с поредением лесов и созданием саванны вследствие влияния планетарных климатических условий, некоторые группы приматов стали экспериментировать с прямохождением, покидая лес и мигрируя в саванну. Со спуском в саванну прародитель должен был научиться контролировать и видоизменять окружающую среду, ему пришлось приспосабливаться к новым условиям среды, ему пришлось стать независимым от среды, чтобы уменьшить и контролировать избирательное давление, которому он подвергался, он открыл и изобрел первые примитивные типологии. Контролируемое пространство для защиты от природы и встреч с другими видами, «первичное пространство» и доступ к указанному пространству, «элементу доступа».

Lake Tahoe in 1998, one evening after a technology conference. Bill Joy was an eminent computer-systems designer, chief scientist for Sun Microsystems. Ray Kurzweil was an award-winning inventor and technologist, whose many creations included a reading machine for the blind and an advanced music synthesizer. Their conversation focused on the future relationship between humans and machines. What they saw that evening, as they gazed together into the coming decades, was something that has come to be called the Singularity. Both Joy and Kurzweil believed it might arrive as soon as the mid-21st century. Both of them felt that it would be the most dramatic turning point in the history of humankind thus far.

Since 2021 Jetstone Publishers has taken up the task of preparing new scholarly editions of the unduly neglected works of the Scottish writer James Leslie Mitchell (better known as Lewis Grassic Gibbon).

He published seventeen books in a period of only six years (1928-1934). The first three of these are now available in new editions unparalleled for textual accuracy and scholarship. Each edition has an extensive introduction, explanatory notes and commentary, and all throw entirely new light on the writer and his development. Information on these three editions is included in this PDF.

Mitchell’s fourth published volume, the short-story collection The Calends of Cairo, has never been reprinted since its first publication in 1931. It will appear in the new series in 2024.

Since 2021 Jetstone Publishers has taken up the task of preparing new scholarly editions of the unduly neglected works of the Scottish writer James Leslie Mitchell (better known as Lewis Grassic Gibbon).

He published seventeen books in a period of only six years (1928-1934). The first three of these are now available in new editions unparalleled for textual accuracy and scholarship. Each edition has an extensive introduction, explanatory notes and commentary, and all throw entirely new light on the writer and his development. Information on these three editions follows on the next page.

Mitchell’s fourth published volume, the short-story collection The Calends of Cairo, has never been reprinted since its first publication in 1931. It will appear in the new series in 2024.

Within the course of time, a broad ring of literary genre of fortune-telling type has been formed around the futurology having developed within the scope of human beings' beliefs, considerations and curiosities. One of these types is that of seğirname including interpretations developed based on slightly wiggling, moving and shaking of muscles in some organs of human body.

Secondo la teoria filosofica del "puro positivo" elaborata da Luigi Vero Tarca la negazione è intrinsecamente contraddittoria perché il "negativo del negativo" è ancora un negativo: la negazione è tale che la *sua* negazione non differisce da ciò di cui è negazione. Conseguentemente, il concetto di differenza ("A è differente da B") può (e deve) essere liberato da quello di negazione ("A non è B"). In questo saggio, pubblicato in un volume collettaneo edito da Ledizioni per la collana "Studi umanistici" dell'Università di Salerno, esploro i presupposti di questa radicale teoria filosofica (che implica la tesi, nota come "trivialismo", secondo cui tutte le proposizioni sono vere); e provo a difendere la negazione dall'accusa di contraddittorietà.

Под одним углом зрения, мир киборгов-это окончательное зарешечивание планеты глобальным контролем, окончательная абстракция, воплощённая в апокалипсисе Звёздных войн, развязанном под предлогом обороны, окончательное присвоение женских тел в маскулинистской оргии войны. Под другим углом зрения, мир киборгов-это, возможно, живые социальные и телесные реальности, в которых люди не боятся своего двойного родства с животными и машинами, не боятся всегда частичных идентичностей и противоречивых точек зрения. Политическая борьба означает взгляд под обоими углами зрения сразу, потому что каждый раскрывает как господства, так и возможности, непредставимые с другой точки зрения.