Environmental Values

Gray literature is increasingly considered to complement evidence and knowledge from peer-reviewed literature for science-policy processes and applied research. On the one hand, science-policy assessments need to both consider a diversity of worldviews, knowledge types and values from a variety of sectors and actor groups, and synthesize policy-relevant findings that are salient, legitimate and credible. On the other hand, practitioners and scholars conducting applied research, especially in environmental and health-related fields, are affected by the time lag and documented biases of academic publication processes. While gray literature holds diverse perspectives that need to be integrated in science-policy processes as well as practical evidence unfiltered by commercial publication processes, its heterogeneity has made it challenging to access through conventional means for a literature review. This paper details one endeavor within the Values Assessment of the Intergovernmental S...

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of studying the psychological determinants
that determine the environmentally relevant behavior of architecture students. In light of the growing
environmental problems, understanding the internal attitudes of future architects becomes an important
aspect, since a harmonious combination of architectural concepts and respect for the environment is
an urgent need. The purpose of the study was to study attitudes towards nature, value orientations, proecological behavior and establish relationships between these indicators among architecture students.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the St. Petersburg State University of
Architecture and Civil Engineering (n=98). We used the author’s questionnaire aimed at studying the proecological behavior of architecture students, a modification of M. Rokeach’s methodology developed by I.
B. Melik-Pashayeva, and the “ESOP” test by V. A. Yasvin, S. D. Deryabo. Descriptive statistics methods were
used to process empirical data; Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to identify
relationships between variables.
Results. It was revealed that the dominant environmental attitude among architecture students is an
aesthetic assessment of nature (x̄=4.7). The issue of nature conservation ranks last (x̄=2.0). The hierarchy of
values of architecture students is dominated by personal values, such as family, health, as well as the values
of self-realization and education. Environmental values are low on the list of priorities. The ethical ecological
attitude (perception of nature as an object of protection) is more pronounced among students oriented
towards education (0.30, p ≤ 0.001) and religious and spiritual values (0.36, p ≤ 0.001). Regression analysis
confirmed that architecture students’ orientation towards education and religious and spiritual values (R²
=0.54) is a significant predictor of an ethical attitude towards nature.
Conclusion. An important aspect is the creation of psychological prerequisites aimed at increasing
awareness, responsibility, and developing the value-motivational sphere of future specialists in accordance
with environmental principles.

Gray literature is increasingly considered to complement evidence and knowledge from peer-reviewed literature for science-policy processes and applied research. On the one hand, science-policy assessments need to both consider a diversity of worldviews, knowledge types and values from a variety of sectors and actor groups, and synthesize policy-relevant findings that are salient, legitimate and credible. On the other hand, practitioners and scholars conducting applied research, especially in environmental and health-related fields, are affected by the time lag and documented biases of academic publication processes. While gray literature holds diverse perspectives that need to be integrated in science-policy processes as well as practical evidence unfiltered by commercial publication processes, its heterogeneity has made it challenging to access through conventional means for a literature review. This paper details one endeavor within the Values Assessment of the Intergovernmental S...

The 'business judgement rule' requires corporate directors only to act with honesty and reasonable care in the interest of shareholders. A stronger 'fiduciary' duty is required where one party requires protection from another. This paper argues that where corporations take risks with the environment, directors are fiduciaries. Stakeholders are in that case the general public, future generations and other species, which have not voluntarily accepted risk and cannot limit liability. Recognition of fiduciary duty in such cases is consistent with recent trends in the law of equity. It would require all economic activities to move from open to closed (sustainable) systems.

Understanding how and why practices may be transformed is vital for any transition towards socio-environmental sustainability. However, theorising and explaining the role of individual agency in practice change continues to present challenges. In this paper we propose that theories of practice can be usefully combined with a psychosocial framework to explain how agency is biographically patterned and how this patterning is a product of attachment relationships and emergent strategies for dealing with uncertainty. Biographical interview data from the project Energy Biographies is used to illustrate the ways in which this theoretical approach can enhance understanding of how potential for practice change may be opened up or obstructed.

The Centre for Advanced Study inherit. heritage in transformation, a BMBF-funded Käte Hamburger Kolleg based at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, is pleased to invite applications on the topic of Addressing Heritage Loss for its 2026-7 fellowship programme. This opportunity is open to both experienced and early-career postdoctoral researchers, as well as artists, filmmakers, and curators. The deadline for submission is 14 April 2025.

For more information, see https://inherit.hu-berlin.de/open-call

This paper shows some views on the mathematical structure of the diffusion of the Coronavirus (COVID-19), often claimed to have a positive exponential structure. However, we find that the exponential growth rate is past the inflection point and that growth is much slower than this implication. It presents conclusions on the future expected outcome of the current situation-not only in terms of diffusion of the disease but also for the hysteria that have been created around it.

The Dutch rental market in the private sector is a rather small market in comparison. About 10% of the housing stock is privately rented. Mainly the people at the end or the beginning of their home career are renting their dwellings in this sector. The rental prices are widely dispersed, with rents about twice as high in the capital compared to the former mining areas in the south. Using 3D-virtual designs of facades, we investigated their preferences for characteristics associated with sustainability (bio facades, bio shading), comfort (glazing), and architectural design characteristics (Shape, Materials) and rents. The questionnaire was filled out by 116 respondents all intending to relocate. Except for shape, all other characteristics were influencing respondents' choices. The results seem to suggest that rather than choosing for energy efficiency, choices for bio facades and bio shading afforded respondents environmental attitudes.

Degrowth is an experience. It is about fathoming that being-in-nature is finite. Experiencing finitude offers the long-awaited theoretical foundation for the degrowth movement.

In this book, Pasi Heikkurinen argues that we must understand limits ‘from within’ in order to effectively reduce matter-energy throughput. He coins the metabolic cutback as the minimalist definition of degrowth. He also provides a lucid critique on how technology, transformations, and nature are perceived in cultures of growth.

To overcome the shortfalls of our perception, experiential notions of releasement, metamorphosis, and the core of nature are propounded. Heikkurinen calls for a collective experience of degrowing in practice while avoiding over-inclusive rhetoric.

Contemporarily, biodiversity loss is the prominent concern of the conservation movement. In reaction to the escalating depletion of biodiversity, governments and organizations are crafting policies and strategies with a central focus on biodiversity conservation. Assessing the extent of biodiversity loss and its relationship with human society necessitates reliable ecological metrics. However, the tools used to assess biodiversity encompass not only empirical dimensions but also normative values that shape conservation outcomes. This review examines the normative dialog implicit in our conceptualizations and measurements of biodiversity through the chronological framework of four conservation focal areas: Red Listing, species richness, environmental indicators, and the integration of human values. This investigation underscores the imperative to more clearly articulate the values of the conservation movement, a task that is even more pressing with the emergence of novel biodiversity finance tools.

y significados sobre la naturaleza entre culturas, analizando desde el contexto educativo mapuche la subordinación de didácticas propias del conocimiento tradicional y las pautas culturales de relación con la naturaleza, frente a las visiones occidentales sobre la conservación y desarrollo sustentable presentes en los planes y programas educativos oficiales. Se propone la integración de los contextos territoriales en el proceso formativo, como espacio de comunicación entre culturas, donde son observables los desplazamientos de función y significado de los elementos de la naturaleza en su tránsito de una cultura a otra, en una relación de horizontalidad y de negociación de significados a través de flujos dinámicos.

The environmental, social and cultural importance of beaches permeates human society, yet the risk of human injury associated with increasing exposure to anthropogenic beach litter remains an unknown. While the impact of marine debris and beach litter on marine and coastal fauna and flora is a widely reported global issue, we investigate the impact on human health in New Zealand. Anthropogenic beach litter is ubiquitous, few beaches remain pristine, which consequently influences tourist choices and potentially negatively interacts with humans. Human impacts are not well-investigated, with no quantitative studies of impact but many studies qualitatively inferring impact. New Zealand has a socialised medical system allowing a quantitative, decadal assessment of medical insurance claims to determine patterns and trends across ecosystems and causes. We demonstrate for the first time that anthropogenic beach litter poses a common and pervasive exposure hazard to all ages, with specific r...

This research aims to examine from the perspective of pre-service teachers how values, which have a great function in ensuring social order and welfare, maintaining healthy interpersonal relations, adapting the behaviour of the individual with the expectations of social life, and preventing possible social problems, are affected by the pandemic process.The research was carried out using phenomenology method, which is a qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of twenty-five pre-service teachers. While determining the study group, easily accessible sampling method was used. In the research, a questionnaire containing four open questions developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research, it was determined that the pandemic positively affected some values such as altruism, benevolence, solidarity, gratitude, resignation, cleanliness, giving importance to being ...

Efforts to instill character values are very important through singing activities to create a rational personality. This research discusses the character values contained in the poetry and meaning of the song "Mars Gembira Bergerak". This song is popular in schools, especially in the city of Bengkayang, West Kalimantan, where the song is often sung. This song is a step to instill character values in students through the poetry contained in it. Apart from knowing the song "Mars Gembira Bergerak", this research aims to describe the character values contained in the song. This research is descriptive research, which goes through qualitative research stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, description and drawing conclusions. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Special documentation was carried out on the song by transcribing the song's notation in order to understand the song in its entirety as a study source. The results of this research are the character values in the song "Mars Gembira Bergerak", namely the character values of being moral, creative and innovative, enthusiastic and cultured. All of these values are a reflection and effort to implement the Pancasila student project as the ideal of Indonesian education

This Special Issue on Rights of Nature and the Antarctic aims to advance the scholarly discussion on Antarctic RoN. The authors discuss the concept of RoN and its relevance for the Antarctic, the interconnections between RoN and the recognition of Antarctica’s intrinsic value in the ATS, the question of who has rights or should be granted rights and what rights these could be (substantive and procedural). They also consider how the concept of Antarctic RoN relates to the ATS and what steps could or should be taken to realise the ideas of Antarctic RoN if desired. This Special Issue aims to foster an inclusive space for debate that benefits from diverse perspectives and includes contributions by academics with different backgrounds, including social science, philosophy, geography, and law.

University, in a collaboration between the Centre for the Study of Environmental Change and the Department of Theatre Studies. In this article, two of the organisers discuss issues raised by the event, and invite readers to contribute their own thoughts. At Between Nature ,;ve brought together around 200 people fron1 many different backgrounds and professional contexts, and from countries as widespread as Australia, South Africa and Mexico, to share their experiences of working at the interface of environment and performance and to discuss how this work can n1ost productively develop in the future. v\Thy did ,ve choose 'performance' as our focus? First, we wanted to use it as a meeting place across disciplines and professions, not because it would provide a solid, agreed reference point like that promised by hard science, but in the expectation that the broadness of the concept would create fertile ground for n1utual exploration by the diverse groups represented. Second, by linking ,;, vith theatre, dance and other particular performance genres, we were able to offer a range of experiences and n1odes of participation for those attending the event, and to benefit from long and rich traditions of theory and practice. Third, however contested the concept, perfonnance see1ned to offer ways of e1nphasising many features ofho•; N ,ve (hmnans) relate to our environment. Features that are woefully lacking in the languages and activities conventionally used in the enviromnental don1ain. In its various interpretations, perfonnance brings ,-vith it an emphasis on embodied ,vays of sensing, knm-ving and acting, in contrast to the rather disembodied character of scientific and technical knowleage and activities. It encourages attention on process and quality rather than si111ply on end products and quantity. It incorporates aesthetic, as ,, vell as more cognitive, ,vays ofknmving and judging. It focuses attention on issues ofbeing seen, on the complex and diverse relationships between perfonners and audiences in different kinds of activities and events, from science to protest, fr0111 ritual to conference.

• Place meanings and memories motivated volunteer oyster gardeners in New York City. • Meanings included ecological and social elements of oysters, the city, and estuary. • Place meanings may be integrated with functional volunteer motivation frameworks.

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, South America hosts the world’s greatest diversity of plants and most animal groups, as well as a variety of environmental movements, involving urban and rural communities. South American academic philosophy, however, has given little consideration to this rich biocultural context. To nourish an emergent regional environmental philosophy three main sources can be identified. First, a variety of ancient and contemporary ecological worldviews and practices offer a rich biocultural array of South American environmental thought that can be disclosed and valued through the work
of cultural anthropology, liberation philosophy, liberation pedagogy, liberation theology, ecofeminism, and biocultural conservation. Second, some recent academic environmental philosophy research and teaching teams have been formed in South American universities with the support of the interdisciplinary United Nations Environmental Programme or based
on the individual interests of some scattered scholars. Third, social movements have increasingly demanded the incorporation of environmental values into regional policies and the decision-making processes. These three sources can foster intercultural, international, and transdisciplinary dialogues to further develop a South American environmental philosophy grounded in its precious biocultural diversity.

Стремительное экономическое развитие КНР неразрывно связано с ростом потребления и сущест вованием различных форм консьюмеризма. Несмотря на то что чрезмерное потребле ние попрежнему сильно распространено, можно увидеть предпосылки к изменению ситуации. В статье рассматриваются новые тенденции в трансформации потребительских ценностей в кон тексте взаимодействия традиционной, официальной и молодежной культуры. Ключевые слова: консьюмеризм, потребительские ценности, трансформация, бережливость, молодежная культура, экологическая цивилизация Для цитирования: ЧелноковаЩейка А. В. От консьюмеризма к экологичному потреблению: истоки и тенденции трансформационных процессов в современной китайской культуре // Вестник Московско го госу дарственного лингвистического университета. Гуманитарные науки. 2023. Вып. 11 (879). С. 166-172.

A variety of factors shape environmental policy and governance (EPG) processes, from perceptions of physical ecology and profit motives to social justice and concerns with landscape aesthetics. Many scholars have examined the role of values in EPG, and demonstrated that attempts to incorporate (especially) non-market values into EPG are loaded with both practical and conceptual challenges. Nevertheless, it is clear that non-market values of all types play a crucial role in shaping EPG outcomes. In this article we explore the role of nostalgia as a factor in EPG. We examine literatures on environmental values, governance and affect in light of their relationships with environmental policymaking, first as a means to decide whether or not nostalgia can be rightly described as an 'environmental value'. We suggest that, from a philosophical perspective, nostalgia is by itself environmentally neutral, and is not usefully described as a 'value'. However, as an emotional sta...

An Entry Into The Jewish Bible is a monograph of seminal importance in the field of religious studies, especially in relation to the Hebrew Bible and the ancient city of Jerusalem. The significance of Levenson's work can be understood in a variety of aspects. It is a pioneering book that overturns the traditional paradigm of biblical criticism. Instead of attempting to fit within the inherited structures of previous analysis towards the Hebrew Bible, one that is marked by both an oversaturation of Christian scholars and a typical defensiveness of Jewish scholars in addressing the challenges posed by modernity against its theological dimension, Levenson makes use of new discoveries along with an exegesis of the biblical texts

The study explores the effect of management accounting practices on internet financial reporting of listed manufacturing companies on the Nigeria stock exchange (NSE). It employed the descriptive research design using panel data set from the financial reports for a 10 years period between 2010 to 2019, of the sampled companies. The population of the study is the whole listed manufacturing companies that have website address which cut across health manufacturing, consumer goods manufacturing, industrial goods manufacturing and conglomerates companies, numbering 65 companies, the sample size for this study is 42 companies that have active website address, and is derived using the purposive sampling technique. The trusted search engines used to source for data for this study includes; www.google.com, www.proshare.com, africanfinancials.com, to establish the real website of the sample companies. The multiple linear regression method and the ordinary least squares models were used to analyze data collected. The study adopted the Internet Disclosure Index as proxy for dependent variable, while the independent variables were cost of resources supplied, economic value added and modified cost volume profit. The result of the study showed that a positive significant relationship exists between cost of resources supplied and internet financial reporting disclosures, that economic value addition showed a negative significant relationship with internet financial reporting disclosures, a positive insignificant relationship exists between modified cost volume profit and internet financial reporting disclosures each in the sampled companies. It is therefore, recommended based on these findings that Companies in this sector should endeavor to manage their cost of owning a website so as to maintain the benefit of internet financial reporting, the value additions in respect to using internet financial reporting must be adequately analyzed so that the purpose of using it will not be defeated, and that a well-planned cost-volume-profit analysis be carried out to ensure that the huge bill involved with financial reporting is defrayed within the companies' margin of safety.

I regularly pass several homeless persons surviving on the streets even in winter. One sits on a folded scrap of a blanket leaning against a wall looking thin, pale and resigned, doing some calligraphy of messages on card for those who want them. Almost everyone walks quickly past, some manoeuvring to the opposite side of the wide pavement, others almost treading on some of their sparse belongings. Hardly anyone makes eye contact. The harsh reality of living on the street is some days without enough food and basic provisions. Christmas produces a spike of concern and generosity that vanishes immediately afterwards. Advice issued by the local authorities and charities cautions against giving money, on the basis of characterising all street people as substance abusers. Since the rise of Thatcherist meritocracy and neoliberalism, homelessness, living and dying on the streets has become rife in the UK. This policy failure suggests a moral obligation on 'witnesses' to help, to prevent or reduce suffering, but what interventions on what basis? A recent newspaper article by a once homeless person (Lavelle, 2019) offers sobering simple guidance to those who wish to help, and that includes talking and engaging with those suffering. Sympathy and engagement seem hard enough with other humans, but they at least have the potential to directly express their concerns and communicate, while there are many who remain effectively silent-such as children, future generations and non-humans. In environmental ethics strong themes have been to debate human obligations toward the last of these groups and Nature more generally. Arguments are put forward for moral status of sentient beings as well as other non-human organisms and entities (such as rivers or lakes) in decision-making and seeking to enable flourishing and enforce rights. This raises the problem of how intervention should be undertaken when rights or flourishing-potential of different morally considerable subjects conflict. The major alternative, consequentialist reasoning, has its own problems such as reduction of values to utilitarian pain and pleasure principles. More generally, in this materialist managerial age, there are concerns over objectification of the other and excessive technocratic 'solutions' that pay little attention to the constituent values of 'others' and their autonomy. This issue of Environmental Values concerns a range of arguments about what is appropriate intervention on the behalf of non-human 'others'. According to the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES, 2019) the top three drivers for biodiversity loss are: (i) changes in land and sea use; (ii) direct exploitation of organisms; and (iii) accelerated climate change. These human-induced factors involve a complex web of interests, interactions, dependencies and different levels of

What are the politics of nature in a burning world? Should nature be more strongly protected by giving it rights, or appreciated differently by creating new values? Or, should it be actively socialised by directly confronting its owners? In what follows, I argue for the third option, defending a classical socialist vision of transformation, but applying it in a wholly new, ecological context. Unlike a workplace, nature cannot simply be seized by its employees and run under democratic self-management. Nature is not just another factor of production, an input to be adjusted, a value to be determined-it is the condition and limit of our existence, our "inorganic body" as Marx described it, our self outside ourselves. To socialise nature would thus transform ourselves, as well.

This paper examines the debate on ecological restoration’s role in shaping human-nature relationships, specifically assessing whether it can be seen as a positive human act. Ecological restoration is often misunderstood as merely attempting to return ecosystems to an untouched, pre-human state, leading critics to question its ethical value. Environmental essentialists like Robert Elliot and Eric Katz argue that restoration undermines nature’s intrinsic worth by imposing human-centered values, viewing restored environments as artificial and inferior to their untouched counterparts. Conversely, pragmatic thinkers propose that restoration fosters positive, ethical relationships between humans and nature, emphasizing mutual benefit and responsibility. Restoration not only enables human engagement with natural landscapes but also encourages a reciprocal bond that enriches cultural and ecological meaning. Examining perspectives from both essentialist and pragmatist viewpoints, this paper argues that ecological restoration represents an ethical avenue for human-nature interaction. By fostering respect and responsibility for natural landscapes, restoration emerges as a morally valuable process that acknowledges and supports both human and non-human communities.

Twenty-five years since foundational publications on valuing ecosystem services for human well-being1,2, addressing the global biodiversity crisis3 still implies confronting barriers to incorporating nature’s diverse values into decision-making. These barriers include powerful interests supported by current norms and legal rules such as property rights, which determine whose values and which values of nature are acted on. A better understanding of how and why nature is (under)valued is more urgent than ever4. Notwithstanding agreements to incorporate nature’s values into actions, including the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)5 and the UN Sustainable Development Goals6, predominant environmental and development policies still prioritize a subset of values, particularly those linked to markets, and ignore other ways people relate to and benefit from nature7. Arguably, a ‘values crisis’ underpins the intertwined crises of biodiversity loss and climate change8, pande...

The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps used in the assessment do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. These maps have been prepared or used for the sole purpose of facilitating the assessment of the broad biogeographical areas represented therein.

Gray literature is increasingly considered to complement evidence and knowledge from peer-reviewed literature for science-policy processes and applied research. On the one hand, science-policy assessments need to both consider a diversity of worldviews, knowledge types and values from a variety of sectors and actor groups, and synthesize policy-relevant findings that are salient, legitimate and credible. On the other hand, practitioners and scholars conducting applied research, especially in environmental and health-related fields, are affected by the time lag and documented biases of academic publication processes. While gray literature holds diverse perspectives that need to be integrated in science-policy processes as well as practical evidence unfiltered by commercial publication processes, its heterogeneity has made it challenging to access through conventional means for a literature review. This paper details one endeavor within the Values Assessment of the Intergovernmental S...

Humanity is on a deeply unsustainable trajectory. We are exceeding planetary boundaries and unlikely to meet many international sustainable development goals and global environmental targets. Until recently, there was no broadly accepted framework of interventions that could ignite the transformations needed to achieve these desired targets and goals. As a component of the IPBES Global Assessment, we conducted an iterative expert deliberation process with an extensive review of scenarios and pathways to sustainability, including the broader literature on indirect drivers, social change and sustainability transformation. We asked, what are the most important elements of pathways to sustainability? Applying a social–ecological systems lens, we identified eight priority points for intervention (leverage points) and five overarching strategic actions and priority interventions (levers), which appear to be key to societal transformation. The eight leverage points are: (1) Visions of a go...

This article contributes to the environmental justice debate by analysing the case of the ILVA steel plant in Taranto, Italy. It accounts for the radical polarisation of the public debate between industrialists and environmentalists. These dominant perspectives are polarised but not politicised. In the reading of the crisis, both fronts adopt similar techno-scientific arguments while failing to problematise the multiple dimensions of environmental injustice and to connect the crisis to broader social relations of production. This article contends, therefore, that the environmental debate in Taranto unfolds in a post-political situation, where technical narratives prevail at the expense of more political positions. In this context, any attempts to politicise the public debate is either absorbed by the dominant views or marginalised.

For over 40 years Nigeria"s economy was driven by petroleum. During this period, her influence in Africa soared. It peaked in the 1970s and 80s, so much so that she spent oil money on the decolonization of certain countries in Africa. Natural Resource in Nigeria is owned by the people, but administered for the overall benefit of Nigerians by government. This precious natural gift lost its pride of place when the worth of petroleum dipped in the international market. Prior to this economic decline, Nigeria adopted a near socialist system by operating a subsidy regime. Because what belongs to government belongs to no specific person, Nigerian past leaders became profligate. A public property is nobody"s property and can be misused and mismanaged. So, Natural Resources is a gift from God to be used to develop a given area or country for the betterment of the people. Natural Resources can be better harnessed by private enterprise. Thus, deregulation in the least, or outright privatization is the best option in maximizing natural resources.

Twenty-five years since foundational publications on valuing ecosystem services for human well-being1,2, addressing the global biodiversity crisis3 still implies confronting barriers to incorporating nature’s diverse values into decision-making. These barriers include powerful interests supported by current norms and legal rules such as property rights, which determine whose values and which values of nature are acted on. A better understanding of how and why nature is (under)valued is more urgent than ever4. Notwithstanding agreements to incorporate nature’s values into actions, including the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)5 and the UN Sustainable Development Goals6, predominant environmental and development policies still prioritize a subset of values, particularly those linked to markets, and ignore other ways people relate to and benefit from nature7. Arguably, a ‘values crisis’ underpins the intertwined crises of biodiversity loss and climate change8, pande...

Helpfulness is a value that humankind has been running to keep up with the economic, social and cultural conditions of daily life since the first day of its existence, that contributes to the welfare of the society, plays an important role in ensuring social unity, ensures social peace and prevents the deterioration of social balance. The aim of this research is to examine the helpfulness attitudes of primary school 4th grade students in the context of various variables. In the research, the survey (analitic survey) method, which is one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The population of the research consists of 4th grade primary school students of a public school in Sivas, Turkey, and the sample of the research is a student group of 60 students in total, consisting of twenty students from A, B, C classes of this school. Simple-random sampling method was used to determine the sample. The helpfulness attitude scale developed by Aktepe (2010) and the information form developed by the researcher were used as data collection tools in the research. In the analysis of the data of the study, One-Way Anova and Tukey Tests were used. As a result of the research, it was determined that the interest in social media, playing games, reading books, cinema, cartoons and the number of friends made a significant and positive difference on the helpfulness attitudes of the fourth grade students. It was observed that the economic status of the families of the students did not make a significant difference in their attitudes towards the helpfulness value.

Public decisions concerning large projects with detrimental environmental or heritage impacts involve value conflicts which stem from the diverse interests and variety of ways of evaluating the costs and benefits of such projects. They are also framed by institutionalised procedures and practices which favour certain concerns to the detriment of others. This paper aims to contribute towards a better understanding of how these procedures and practices, namely decision support tools such as the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), tend to shape public decision-making processes in particular ways. It draws on a study of the public controversy surrounding the Foz Tua dam in Portugal, with a focus on the values upheld by the different parties in the controversy and their interplay in the production of justifications, specifically the actors’ positions on values and value conflicts and the restrictions posed by institutionalised public decision-making procedures on the expression and co...

Humanity is on a deeply unsustainable trajectory. We are exceeding planetary boundaries and unlikely to meet many international sustainable development goals and global environmental targets. Until recently, there was no broadly accepted framework of interventions that could ignite the transformations needed to achieve these desired targets and goals. As a component of the IPBES Global Assessment, we conducted an iterative expert deliberation process with an extensive review of scenarios and pathways to sustainability, including the broader literature on indirect drivers, social change and sustainability transformation. We asked, what are the most important elements of pathways to sustainability? Applying a social–ecological systems lens, we identified eight priority points for intervention (leverage points) and five overarching strategic actions and priority interventions (levers), which appear to be key to societal transformation. The eight leverage points are: (1) Visions of a go...

Humanity is on a deeply unsustainable trajectory. We are exceeding planetary boundaries and unlikely to meet many international sustainable development goals and global environmental targets. Until recently, there was no broadly accepted framework of interventions that could ignite the transformations needed to achieve these desired targets and goals. As a component of the IPBES Global Assessment, we conducted an iterative expert deliberation process with an extensive review of scenarios and pathways to sustainability, including the broader literature on indirect drivers, social change and sustainability transformation. We asked, what are the most important elements of pathways to sustainability? Applying a social–ecological systems lens, we identified eight priority points for intervention (leverage points) and five overarching strategic actions and priority interventions (levers), which appear to be key to societal transformation. The eight leverage points are: (1) Visions of a go...

This paper expands the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) values framing about nature and its contributions to people by exploring the notion of 'disvalues', which pertains to aspects of nature that reduce well being (instrumental disvalues), relationships that are detrimental to a dignified and flourishing life (relational disvalues), or the perception of badness in an absolute sense, regardless of the impact on people (intrinsic disvalues). Shedding light on how people express disvalues helps to better capture their preferences and subjective perspectives, as well as account for the socioenvironmental positions from which they speak. Considering the full spectrum of disvalues opens up new ways to better identify social-ecological trade-offs, a necessary step for seeking solutions and finding common ground on sustainability and justice. Addresses 1 Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Scientific Campus of the

Agri-environmental incentive programs seek to compensate farmers for changes to enhance ecosystem services and/or biodiversity, yet enrolling participants is a common challenge. We examine this challenge using a relational values lens, a framework developed here in reference to three key relationships of farmers to: their land, community and landscape. We then apply this framework to better understand participation in an incentive program for riparian buffers in the US Northwest (the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program). Results are derived from in-depth interviews among participants and potential participants. Using qualitative coding and analysis, we identified five key value conflicts between participants and programs, via the implications of program rules for participant values: aesthetics, active land management, parcel-specific knowledge, and community knowledge about and agency over the landscape. Applying a relational values framework demonstrates how program conditions appear to threaten these valued relationships, leading to value conflicts between programs and participants. Analysis of participant responses suggests that grounding conservation programs in locally salient values could not only increase enrollment but also foster stewardship values that underlie conservation. We conclude with suggestions as to how agri-environmental incentive programs could adapt to better fit with farmer values-making programs more attractive without undermining their ecological effectiveness.

Ecosystem services frameworks effectively assume that nature's contributions to human well-being derive from people receiving benefits from nature. At the same time, efforts (money, time, or energy) for conservation, restoration or stewardship are often considered costs to be minimized. But what if caring for nature is itself an essential component of human well-being? Taking up and developing the concept of relational values, we explore the idea that well-being cannot be reduced to the reception of benefits, and that instead much derives from positive agency including caring for nature. In this paper, we ask specifically, a) how can "care" be conceptualised with respect to nature, b) how does caring for nature matter both to protecting nature and to people's well-being, and c) what are the implications for research and practice? We describe the theoretical background, drawing especially from (eco)feminist philosophy, and explore its (mostly) implicit uses in the conservation literature. Based on this analysis we propose a preliminary framework of caring for nature and discuss its potential to enrich the spectrum of moral relations to/with nature. We explore both its consequences for environmental research and for the practice of conservation.

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs are one prominent strategy to address economic externalities of resource extraction and commodity production, improving both social and ecological outcomes. But do PES and related incentive programs achieve that lofty goal? Along with considerable enthusiasm, PES has faced a wide range of substantial critiques. In this paper, we characterize seven major classes of concerns associated with common PES designs, and use these as inspiration to consider potential avenues for improvements in PES outcomes and uptake. The problems include (1) new externalities, (2) misplacement of rights and responsibilities, (3) crowding out existing motivations, (4) efficiency-equity tradeoffs, (5) monitoring costs, (6) limited applicability, and (7) top-down prescription/alienating agency. As currently practiced, many PES programs are thus of limited benefit and even potentially detrimental to sustainability. From this dire conclusion, we highlight several innovations that might be combined and extended in a novel approach to PES that may address all seven problems. Recognizing that PES necessarily articulate and even normalize values, our proposed approach entails designing these institutions intentionally to articulate rights and responsibilities conducive to sustainability-those we might collectively seek to entrench. Problems remain, and new ones may arise, but the proposed approach may offer a way to reimagine PES as a major social and economic tool for enabling sustainable relationships with nature, conserving and restoring ecosystems and their benefits for people now and in the future.

The dualism of nature/culture widely present within Western society at large is out of step with an increasingly urbanising world. Building on previous discussions of nature/culture duality, an integrative framework is presented that argues for the embracing of the 'mundane nature' found within human landscapes. As over half of the human population interacts with nature primarily within urban landscapes, increasing our awareness of such spaces is critical to understanding our ecological consciousness. The examples of a recent rooftop greening bylaw in the city of Toronto and the social impacts of urban gardening are examined in this context.

Emerging technologies can have profound conceptual implications. Their emergence frequently calls for the articulation of new concepts, or for modifications and novel applications of concepts that are already entrenched in communication and thought. In this paper, we introduce the notion of "conceptual appropriation" to capture the dynamics between concepts and emerging technologies. By conceptual appropriation, we mean the novel application of a value-laden concept to lay a contestable claim on an underdetermined phenomenon. We illustrate the dynamics of conceptual appropriation by analyzing the concept NATURE and its uptake in three discourses of emerging technology: cellular agriculture, solar geo-engineering, and biomimicry. We argue that NATURE and its cognate NATURALNESS are strongly valanced concepts upon which different stakeholders lay a claim. In doing so, stakeholders advance distinct conceptions of nature, typically to suit their own interests. Our case-studies illustrate how in discourses on emerging technology, the application of value-concepts is entangled with ideological stakes and power dynamics.

The constraints to effective, efficient, equitable and fair climate change adaptation have been defined and discussed in the literature for over two decades now. In this review, we discuss the socioeconomic and cultural factors that underpin what climate change adaptation can and cannot achieve. We focus on insights into the constraints to adaptation that come from scholars writing from a political economy lens, showing that the interests of often distant powerful actors and institutions are as important as behaviours and attitudes in constraining adaptation.

Many localities in regional Australia have experienced a rapid move from a rural based economy to an extractive one, due to a 'resources boom'. The central aim of this research was to begin to investigate how such rapid industrialisation might influence the relationship between local residents and their environment. A social survey was conducted to investigate if and how environmental values and perceptions are shaped by: a) employment mode (permanent resident or mobile workforce); and b) place setting (urban, rural, or industrial). Surveys occurred in urban, rural and industrial towns in coastal Queensland and South Australia, and tested for landscape preferences and environmental values. Respondents showed a preference for 'naturalistic' coastal landscapes, however respondents that live or work in industrial settings have a greater tolerance for industrial intrusion into the landscape. Industrial workers and residents were less likely to endorse the values of the New Ecological Paradigm. Contrary to public perception, Fly-In Fly-Out workers were more likely than other workers to value the marine environment for its intrinsic worth. Our findings illustrate the complexity of the relationship between industrialisation, employment, and environmental values, and suggest that an industrial place setting, or mode of employment, can erode one's sense of connection to the natural environment.

Addressing interlinked societal and ecological challenges requires interdisciplinary approaches, such as those promoted by the IPBES framework. Yet, because of the conceptual and methodological challenges posed by interdisciplinary work, applications of the framework have been mostly qualitative. Here, we propose a net balance of NCP (netNCP) approach, that quantitatively represents multiple components of the IPBES framework. This adapts existing ecosystem service multifunctionality approaches to weight NCP supply by its relative priority by people to measure the overall benefit derived from nature. We expand existing approaches by integrating detrimental NCP, issues of access to NCP, and detailed supply-benefit relationships. We also offer perspectives for better integrating social and anthropogenic drivers, and their impacts on the components of netNCP. Overall, the netNCP approach provides a more robust and complete basis for the integration of ecological and social sciences. Such approaches are needed to quantify socio-ecological systems and to identify sustainable management options. Glossary Nature's contributions to people (NCP). All the contributions both positive and negative of nature to people's quality of life 1. Benefits, i.e. positive contributions, are broadly comparable to ecosystem services; and detriments, i.e. negative contributions, broadly comparable to ecosystem disservices. Potential NCP supply: The NCP supply produced by the ecosystem that could potentially be used if there is no limit to access ("supply potential" in 7) Access: broadly defined as "the ability to derive benefits from things" 8 , here from NCP. Access filter: Biophysical, individual, social or economic factors that limit the accessible NCP supply. This can range from infrastructure (access roads) to legal rights to access an area, or knowledge enabling the use of some resources. Accessible NCP supply: The proportion of potential NCP supply that is accessible to users and can be benefited from. NCP co-production: Joint contribution of nature and other anthropogenic assets resulting in the supply of NCP 9. This includes resource mobilisation and exploitation 7 such as management and maintenance, harvest and post-harvest operations, physical access and cultural appreciation 10,11. Here we focus on Nature-People co-production, rather than people-people coproduction that is often used in socio-ecological or governance research 12. Ecosystem service multifunctionality: Simultaneous supply of multiple prioritised ecosystem services, relative to their human demand 4,13 Net balance of NCP (or netNCP): The overall balance of ecosystem benefits and detriments experienced by a stakeholder (see section 3 for detailed description). The measure is broadly equivalent to ecosystem service multifunctionality 4,13 , but also includes detrimental NCP. Measured as the sum of the benefits and detriments from all considered NCP, weighted by their respective priority by stakeholders. Institutions: rules that structure human interactions, these may take a range of forms including legal regulations and social norms-for a full definition see 14 .