Environment and natural resources conservation

In this chapter, we contribute to the decolonial feminisms that are expanding our understanding of extractive geographies and political ecologies of the subsoil. In this, we take extractivism to denote both the material processes of removal as well as a particular logic (not only of economic accumulation but of being) that renders materials, territories and bodies extractible (and necessarily so). We critically examine the ways in which these extractive logics and processes frequently initiate and condone racialised sexualised violence. In this, we argue that intersectional violence is at the heart of extractivism. Extraction settles within internal ecologies (including ecologies of health and disease) in ways that reaffirm colonial logics of race and sexuality. This broadening of the meaning of extractivism is important in understanding (a) how extraction operates through multiple forms and scales of power and (b) its intersectional and pluriform impacts. Sexual violence, we conclude, is at the centre of racialised extractivism; this is illustrated in corporate language and the more informal logics of residential tourism, both of which are united by colonial logics that would render black life disposable. We conclude with reflections on the value of decolonial feminist dialogue-as-critique that attends to the resonances across and between black women’s experiences of extractivism.

Mount Semeru hiking track is a world tourism destination and inhabited by three species of Anaphalis. The aims of this research is to get the information of the effectiveness of trnL (UAA) intron sequence for analyzing genetic variability of the genus Anaphalis populations along Mount Semeru hiking track. The leaf for DNA extraction was collected from several locations along the track. This research contribute to the information that trnL (UAA) intron sequences have less power to analyses the genetic variation of the genus Anaphalis populations along Mount Semeru hiking track.

Gliricidia sepium is considered one of the commonly used multipurpose legume shade trees in Ghana. Different pruning regimes affect the nutrient content as the amount of biomass produced by many multipurpose trees. In this study, the aboveground biomass (both fresh and dry matter) production and nitrogen content in Gliricidia sepium under different pruning regimes (4, 8 and 12 weeks) was studied. The study was carried out in the demonstration farm of Department of Agroforestry in the Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources-KNUST. A total of nine (9) Gliricidia trees were selected. The pruning frequencies were assigned to the selected trees, after an initial pruning of 1.2m from the ground. The data collected include; new fresh weight, dry weight and nitrogen content at the various pruning time. Also, the amount of nitrogen (N) in the new biomass was estimated at each pruning time. The result shows that the aboveground biomass production increased from 4 weeks to 12 weeks regime. Overall nitrogen concentration increased from 2.61% to 3.58% upon reducing the pruning frequency from 4 to 12 weeks, and total nitrogen content was much higher in 12 weeks (36.01g) than in the other pruning frequencies, due to biomass production been larger. In conclusion, the study highlights the potential of Gliricidia biomass as a source of N and green manure for both agricultural and agroforestry purposes. Hence pruning regime of Gliricidia should be considered in managing it for nutrient and manure purposes.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gained tremendous attention in the policy implementation of some organizations. National governments and societies have developed keen interest in the operations of organizations under this jurisdiction. Therefore, companies may not only be profit oriented but would seek to enhance the welfare of the people as they operate in a more sustainable way without harming the environment. It is on this premise that this article attempts to assess stakeholder participation and sustainability of corporate social responsibility programmes implemented by AngloGold Ashanti in Obuasi, Ghana. CSR programmes initiated by AGA-Obuasi are categorized into four main areas: Community Health and Malaria Control Programme, Social Infrastructure, Education and Sports as well as Art, Culture & Heritage programmes (AngloGold Ashanti, 2013). Activities of the mines affect Obuasi and their allocated unit areas environmentally, socially, economically and culturally and hence, the company is not only profit oriented but has assumed responsibility of developing the community through CSR and the reclamation bond or process. CSR programmes are undertaken voluntarily by the mine corporation to facilitate its operations. CSR policies, plans, program and projects are broad and hence, the study was conducted mainly to assess stakeholder participation and sustainability. The relevant stakeholders in various communities in the AGA-Obuasi operational area were involved in the formulation and implementation of CSR programmes through consultative committee meetings, community/public meetings in various allocated communities. Program were formulated and implemented based on request from host communities.

Nowadays, there are implementations of hydropower projects wherever possible in Myanmar as it is necessary for electricity in order to be balance with demand and supply, in doing so, it is facing deforestation, decreasing habitat, biodiversity loss in the vicinity of Hydropower project area (hereafter project area). It is also affected on water quality of riverine ecosystem where Hydropower is situated. Indeed, hydropower is renewable clean energy; therefore, it is vital importance to undertake to implement hydropower projects in Myanmar by reducing impacts on natural resources as water bodies, aquatic life, and biodiversity richness to be sustainable state for the sake of community regarding Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the present work, the criteria of physico chemical indicator of water quality except few cases of the result of colour, conductivity, total dissolved solids of water quality in three locations is higher than W.H.O standard, as well as the turbidity of Ye-Pu stream is also higher than W.H.O standard by comparing with the standardization of World Health Organization (W.H.O) with two values, desirable as well as imperative values. Therefore, the role of innovative overall empirical solutions for conservation of water resources is vital importance by analysing water resources in the vicinity of middle Paunglaung hydropower dam.

Keywords: implementations of hydropower projects, riverine ecosystem, natural resources, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Within the ancient country of Japan, thousands of hydroelectric dams exist. The first hydroelectric dam built in Japan was the Oi Dam in 1924. These concrete megaliths have many purposes, with one major function for the Japanese and humans worldwide being the production of hydroelectric power. In essence, the electricity produced by hydroelectric power is a renewable resource generated through the movement of water. This form of energy produces no waste and does not emit carbon dioxide. Yet, many people do not consider large hydroelectric projects to be a sustainable energy source due to the belief that they do not produce enough energy to make their construction necessary. Indeed, the construction of the dams harm the environment in many ways, such as land clearing; the destruction of animal habitat, and the dispersal of humans from their ancient homelands.

Small groundwater basins are highly vulnerable to over draft and susceptible to droughts as they are locally recharged. The sustainable development and management of groundwater basins therefore benefits from quantitative assessment of the basin status in terms of the current stress level. This paper introduces the Aquifer Stress Index (ASI) using a rating method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a widely used multi-criteria decision support technique. Six evaluation criteria were used to determine the ASI; water levels, water quality, groundwater pumping, saline water intrusion, recharge and land use threat. For each criterion, a rating score and weight are used to evaluate the stress level. Rating scores for criteria were assigned based on multiple datasets obtained from the field investigations. Weightings for criteria were determined by pairwise comparison of AHP process. Based on the ASI, five characteristic stress regimes of the aquifers are defined: no stress, low stress,...

The aim of this study was to estimate the size and direction of tourism and recreation influence on protected areas within the Natura 2000 sites. The research covered sites in Slovakia within the Alpine Bioregion. Information included in the Standard Data Form (SDF) was analysed and the SDF used as a basic tool to collect data related to the Natura 2000 sites. The tool contains unified information of forms of activities within a given area, their intensity and effect (positive, neutral, or negative) on nature. The study revealed that almost a third of activities pursued in the Slovakian part of the Alpine Bioregion were related to tourism and recreation in the wider sense.

This article aims to supplement the three “golden rules” of rewilding – or three Cs – the Cores, Carnivores, and Corridors – by a fourth C – Compassion, in discussing the case of Oostvaardeplassen in The Netherlands. The cores refer to large, strictly protected ecologically intact areas, carnivores refer to natural predators, and corridors connect passages for fauna movements. We propose a fourth requirement: Compassion. This fourth C would ensure that any active (re)introduction must be in the interests of the individual animals involved. This article briefly explains the history of the Oostvaardeplassen project and leads into a discussion of the scientific (biological requirements of the species, area, and species fit, etc. ) and ethical (animal welfare, ecocentrism, etc.) constraints and opportunities for rewilding. All four Cs, we argue, are absent from Oostvaardeplassen, which can be considered an example of how rewilding should not be undertaken. Against this background, we pr...

The international outcry and indignation which followed the killing of “Cecil the Lion” in Zimbabwe in July 2015 opened a Pandora’s Box on the ethical and economic implications of trophy hunting, especially in African countries. Private trophy hunting operators such as Hunters Namibia Safaris, a Namibian company, more than ever before, had to justify their business. No easy task when your trade is often described as being controversial, unsustainable and, in many instances, cruel. While the debate on trophy hunting was always intense internationally and locally, the death of “Cecil the Lion” only escalated it. Governments, trophy hunting operators, professional hunters, communities impacted by trophy hunting, and national and international NGOs all had a point of view in the heated debate over whether or not trophy hunting is indeed a sustainable and worthwhile activity. Some countries such as South Africa and Namibia tout the success of the industry in terms of economic gain and wildlife conservation. Botswana took another direction and banned trophy hunting in 2013. But now the country faces the loss of income that hunters provided, as well as growing instances of wild animals such as lion and elephant threatening rural communities. So who is right and who is wrong about the sustainability of the industry? Some say that a well-regulated trophy hunting industry plays an important role in the conservation of wildlife and guarantees immediate and long-term economic benefits for communities (as well as the country as a whole). Others say the opposite – according to this view, trophy hunting is an unsustainable and unethical practice which wreaks havoc amongst big cat populations, elephants and endangered species such as black rhino.

Democracy in the Woods: Environmental Conservation and Social Justice in India, Tanzania, and Mexico

Oxford University Press (January 2017)


How do societies negotiate the apparently competing agendas of environmental protection and social justice? Why do some countries perform much better than others?

Democracy in the Woods addresses these question by examining land rights conflicts—and the fate of forest-dependent peasants—in the context of the different forest property regimes in India, Tanzania, and Mexico. These three countries are prominent in the scholarship and policy debates about national forest policies and land conflicts associated with international support for nature conservation. This unique comparative study of the trajectories of their national forestland regimes, challenges the received wisdom that redistributive policies necessarily undermine the goals of environmental protection.  It shows instead that national environmental protection efforts take on either an inclusive (as in Mexico) or an exclusive form (as in Tanzania and, for the most part, in India), depending on whether dominant political parties are compelled to create structures of political intermediation, which help channel peasant demands for forest and land rights into the policy process.

The political analysis of the control over and the use of nature presented in this book opens up new avenues for reflecting on how legacies of the past and international interventions interject into domestic political processes to produce specific configurations of outcomes of environmental protection and social justice.

This book offers three different tests of this theory of political origins of forestland regimes: First, India’s most radical forestland reforms became possible because of the opening of a unique political opportunity structure, which enabled forestland rights movements to successfully press for long-awaited institutional reforms needed to address land rights conflicts.  Second, it successfully explains the rather counter-intuitive local outcomes of the programs for formalization of land rights in India, Tanzania, and Mexico. Third, it offers a coherent explanation of why each of these three countries proposes a significantly different distribution of the benefits of forest-based climate change mitigation programs being developed under the auspices of the United Nations. Democracy in the Woods offers a theoretically rigorous argument about why and in what specific ways politics determine the prospects of a socially just and environmentally secure world.

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The positive psychological and physical health effects associated with exposure to natural environments are well recognised. However, previous research in this field has focused almost exclusively upon the visual aspects of the environment, largely ignoring the role of the other senses. This paper reassesses these findings by examining the role senses other than sight play in blind people’s experiences of natural environments. Six people with visual impairments were interviewed regarding their experience of natural environments; interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. The analysis revealed that if the participants felt safe, they reported experiencing restorative effects in the majority of natural environments. Three main themes that contribute to an understanding of the processes involved in psychological restoration emerged: restoration, challenges, sources of experiences. Environmental restoration was reported by participants as being mostly experienced through sound and to a lesser extent through touch and smell.

Singapore effectively extends the distribution of trees into urban areas and consequently challenges the customary definition of "forest". The impacts of these programs and initiatives illustrate how fragmentation characterizes the problem and how green corridors are characterizing the way Singapore is dealing with that problem. The jury is still out on the success of this relatively new strategy, and subsequently the long-term survival of the forest is questionable.

The Irrawaddy River is Myanmar’s largest and most commercially important water way. Over the years, declining water quality has affected fisheries resources in some areas especially due to the throwing of untreated household waste in the river. Water quality affects fisheries resources generally as well as the population of Irrawaddy dolphins, which number around 70 and are a main ecotourism attraction. There is a direct correlation between water quality, aquatic biodiversity, and the socioeconomic situation of local communities who depend on the river and its resources. This research uses physicochemical indicators to test water quality in the Irrawaddy River, comparing various indicators to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The main recorded fish species are Order Cypriniformes and Siluriformes groups, as well as Synbranchiformes and Perciformes groups. Furthermore, the socioeconomic situation of local communities in the vicinity of Singu, the main ecological habitat of Irrawaddy dolphins, was investigated by conducting interviews concerning the
socioeconomic livelihoods of fishing communities. Concerning the results of water quality testing, the criteria of water color is higher than WHO standards although the result is chemically potable, therefore, not damaging yet. Nevertheless, fisheries resources are gradually declining due to serious impacts as Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, including battery shock fishing, and throwing household waste into the river. These are the main reasons for the decrease in fish population, as confirmed by local fishermen and local communities. Therefore, it is essential to have effective governance with stakeholder mapping for the sake of local community.

Key words: water quality, fisheries resources, Irrawaddy dolphins, IUU fishing, stakeholder mapping

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of phenobarbitone on ovarian and hormonal profile in female albino rats. Three groups of healthy adult female albino rats having six rats in each group were selected for present study. The rats of groups II and III were administered with phenobarbitone at the dose level 5mg and 7.5mg/100g body weight respectively by intraperitoneal route daily for 30 days. Animals of group I (Control) were given saline alone. After the experimental periods, the rats were sacrificed and the of study of estrous cycle and ovarian profile was carried out by collecting blood samples from the heart, centrifuged and sera and analyzing concentrations of estrogen, progesterone and gonadotropins for hormonal profile via RIA method. The results shown non-significant changes in body weight among various groups, while, ovarian weight in experimental group III decreased significantly (p<0.001). Significant increase cholesterol content (p<0.001) and protein content (p<0.01) in both the doses, no significant changes in the levels of FSH, LH, progesterone and estradiol hormones were observed in low dose. In contrast to high dose, the concentration FSH, LH, progesterone and estradiol hormones showed a significant decrease in all experimental groups compared with the control group. The results of estrous cycle and ovarian follicular kinetics were also carried out. Final remarks of our investigation are that, the intraperitoneal administration of 5mg and 7.5mg/100g body weight of phenobarbitone can produce adverse effect on ovarian and hormonal profile.

A large portion (85,000 acres) of the Elliott State Forest is managed by the State Land Board as Common School Fund lands. Based on economics, financial, and statistical principles applied to a range of investment possibilities, this report makes the following findings regarding the state’s management of the Elliott State Forest for the benefit of Oregon schools: (1) Department of State Lands management of the Elliott State Forest yields returns of less than 1 percent. Even “risk free” investments, such as U.S. Treasuries, yield higher returns than the state is earning under its management of the Elliott; and (2) Because of the meager returns earned under Department of State Lands management, continued state management of the forest could raise questions whether the state is neglecting its fiduciary duty to Oregon schools.

A superior alternative to continued state ownership and management of the forest would be to sell or lease the forest assets and place the proceeds under the management of the Oregon Investment Council. Even accounting for potentially wild swings in investment returns, this alternative would provide 4 to 8 times as much funding to Oregon schools than current manage- ment of the forest provides, and  maintain a fund balance that would provide school funding for generations into the future.

The development of offshore wind farms has been a way for the state to repackage national development projects using green energy discourses. In Taiwan, where the further development of nuclear power is suspended due to public antinuclear sentiment, offshore wind farms have been heavily promoted as a way of meeting electricity demand. The planned site for offshore wind farms, mainly the intertidal zone along the coast of Changhua County, overlaps with both oyster farms and the habitat of Taiwanese humpbacked dolphins, categorized as a critically endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. This has resulted in a clash between conserving the oyster farming landscape, protecting an endangered species, and developing green energy. Facing this dilemma, pro–wind farm discourses that highlight concerns about global climate change have gradually supplanted those stressing the welfare of oysters and dolphins, even though the latter have been used successfully as local icons by movements opposing previous development projects on the intertidal zone. This article reconsiders the politics of territorialization implied by the “green” label affixed to offshore wind farm projects and other forms of green energy in general. As such, the meaning of offshore wind farms, as a newly discovered energy resource, is intertwined with the changing meanings of both dolphins and oyster farms, as rival nonhuman objects of resource exploitation and natural conservation. The territorialization of such resources in the emerging discursive space of green energy has proceeded via relational placemaking with nonlinear connections among multiple human and nonhuman elements.
Key Words: conservation, intertidal zone, landscape, renewable resources, resource frontier.

This report investigates human rights violations committed against indigenous Batwa people in the Kahuzi-Biega National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It documents a three-year (2019-2021) campaign of violence by park authorities to expel Batwa from their lands, underwritten by the German and US governments and the conservation organization, Wildlife Conservation Society, among others. The 14-month investigation uncovered evidence that joint contingents of park guards and Congolese Army soldiers killed at least 20 Batwa, group-raped at least 15 women, and forcibly displaced hundreds more, acts that could potentially rise to the level of crimes against humanity.

The ever increasing population along with global climatic changes i.e. variations in the ecosystem, thinning of arable land and diminishing soil and water resources has led us to the inevitable challenge of food insecurity and resource management. The paper advocates the need to improve the government interventions for sustainable agricultural development, by making it more participatory in its design and implementation, blending the traditional local knowledge with reference to their opportunities or constraints to bridge the transitional lag. Moreover, the extension services must engage with

This study is made based on an interview between Professor Dr. Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Dr. Md. Abu Sayem about environmental issues. Professor Nasr connected religious / spiritual views of the environment with the present ecological crisis. He advocates a traditional worldview in order to save the natural world.

In this paper (originally written for the European Wilderness Academy Days, 2014), wilderness conservation issues in Italy are discussed and some examples coming from Emilia-Romagna Region are given. Topics are as follows: 1. Wilderness into existing protected areas, 2. Wilderness in unprotected semi-natural areas and anthropogenic landscapes, 3. Types of wilderness, and their different roles, 4. Wilderness as land planning / management tool, 5. Current difficulties to promote and create wilderness areas in Italy, 6. Proposals and conclusion.

The management of Natura 2000 sites faces several challenges. Responsible authorities need to achieve specific conservation objectives and they need to balance these objectives with social and economic interests. A study of two cases, one in England and one in the Netherlands, shows that the initial choices about the organisation of a deliberative planning process can create a solid basis for further co-operation. This paper contributes to the knowledge about the design and consequences of deliberative planning processes. It shows how a specific process design can strengthen the possibilities to develop social capital, trust and reciprocity, but also how it can result in a deliberative quicksand, characterised by ongoing discussions and even conflicts between the various stakeholders.

The mining environment has been characterized by a number of risks and vulnerabilities with the implications for the attainment of the SDGs. One of these risks is the unwholesome, unregulated and unsustainable process of extracting natural resources in Nigeria. The abundance of solid minerals in the country has led to massive exploitation in various ways that has brought about dire consequences on environmental resources. This includes the ever increasing issues of climate change, landscape destruction, land cover changes, change in livelihood, endangered animal/plant species and risks on human life among others are likely to sabotage environmental sustainability. There is need for a greater attention to be given to environmental and sustainable best practices in literature. Therefore, this paper assessed human actions such as mining/quarry industry and its effects on the natural environment and it also identifies the factors undermining environmental sustainability and hence, sustainable development goals. Various related studies, personal research, published and unpublished journals were reviewed. The concepts of sustainable development and best practice in quarrying/mining were adopted to critically assess the situation. The paper identified three major factors affecting increased unsustainable mineral exploitation practices that are detrimental to achieving sustainable development. It is recommended thatbest practices shouldembrace realities around participation, gender inclusion, transformation, and collaboration, integration between community and academia with social justice. Also, a code of practice should be provided for each State that will cover an environmental, social and institutional plan. This will require commitment and intense monitoring from the point of exploration, operation to closure of the extraction process.

In the first multipurpose river valley planning of India, the vast resources of Damodar River Basin (DRB) (eastern India) are not only to be envisioned in their entirety but also to be developed in a unified manner where the water, land, and people are simultaneously bounded in a seamless web. Four large dams (Konar, Tilaiya, Maithon, and Panchet), Durgapur barrage, and Tenughat reservoir are built to tamp the flood-prone Damodar River using water resource in an integrated method. The functionality of Damodar fluvial system is controlled by dams, barrage, weirs, sluices, embankments, and canals, maintaining a dynamic equilibrium between fluvial processes and anthropogenic processes. Carrying more than 50 years of legacy, the existing drainage and flood control system of Damodar Valley Corporation has aggravated a number of hydrogeomorphic problems especially in lower DRB, viz. siltation of river bed and reservoirs, uncontrolled monsoonal stream flow, declining carrying capacity of lower course, drainage congestion, low-magnitude annual floods, channel shifting, de-functioned canals, decay of paleochannels, decline of ground water level, and less replenishing of soils with fresh silts. The present paper is mainly tried to investigate the pre-dam and post-dam hydrogeomorphic variability in relation to flood risk and drawbacks of Damodar Valley Multipurpose Project. Specifically, the annual peak flow of Damodar shifts from August to September due to dam construction and reservoir storage. Applying the annual flood series of log Pearson type III distribution, we have estimated post-dam 5-year peak discharge of above 5,300 m3 s−1 and 100-year flood of above 11,000 m3 s−1. Due to siltation, the bankfull discharges of sample segments are gradually declined up to 4,011 m3 s−1, 2,366 m3 s−1, and 1,542 m3 s−1, respectively, having recurrence interval of 1.18–3.18 years only. With the regulation of monsoon flow, the standard sinuosity index is gradually increased downstream, having high dominance of hydraulic factors in respect of topographic factors. The upstream section of study area (Rhondia to Paikpara) now shows the dominance of aggradational landforms, braiding, avulsion, high width–depth ratio, breaching of right bank, and valley widening, but downstream of Barsul the phenomena of bank erosion, confined sinuosity, low width–depth ratio, and narrowness are more pronounced.

This book presents a legal genealogy of biodiversity – of its strategic use before and after the adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 1993.

This history of ‘genetic gold’ details how, with the aid of international law, the idea of biodiversity has been instrumentalized towards political and economic aims. A study of the strategic utility of biodiversity, rather than the utility of its protection under international law, the book’s focus is not, therefore, on the sustainable or non-sustainable use of biodiversity as a natural resource, but rather on its historical use as an intellectual resource. Although biodiversity is still not being effectively conserved, nor sustainably used, the Convention on Biological Diversity and its parent regime persists, now after several decades of operation. This book provides the comprehensive answer to the question of the convention’s continued existence.

Drawing from environmental history, the philosophy of science, political economy and development studies, this book will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in Environmental Law, International Law, Environmental Studies, and Ecology.

By reflecting on how agricultural development and conservation policies have greatly changed in focus, methods, goals and sensibility in the last decades, and through the analysis of the implementation of recent programme Sembrando Vida in the Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, Mexico, this dissertation reflects on the aims, narratives and limits of a contemporary rural development programme. The insights of this writing stem from an understanding of agricultural production and conservation as two aspects of the same issue: the sustainable management of the territory. This is coupled with a conception of the indigenous farmers’ condition that rejects essentializing characterization and dichotomies, and tries to expose how local attitudes towards agricultural innovation, government intervention and conservation are situational and ultimately reflect a strive for prosperity in a set of asymmetric dynamics through which they have historically been penalized. In this framework, I will show how the premises and success of the programme Sembrando Vida are closely related to state subsidies and adaptation to new agricultural technologies, as well as to pressure of environmental conservation and processes of environmentality.

Dolgozatom egy viszonylag keveset vizsgált kérdésben kíván gondolatébresztőként szolgálni. Összeegyeztethető-e a luxus fogyasztás a fenntarthatóság alapelveivel? Lehet-e úgy jólétben, luxusban, kiemelkedő minőségű termékek és szolgáltatások között élni, hogy közben nem ássuk alá a jövő nemzedékek megélhetésének alap természeti feltételeit? Valóban szüksége van-e a természeti tőke excesszív felhasználásra a luxustermékek gyártásához, a szolgáltatások magas minőségének biztosításához?

Everything has a story, even the knotted tree. Besides bearing fruits and providing shade, what is so unique about the mango tree? Why does it have a special place in a little girl’s heart?
The Mango Tree is a touching story of family relationship, appreciation for nature, and a rooted sense of identity that transcends time and space.

ISBN 978-981-07-5134-0  I  eBook 9789674450816  I  Braille 978-981-09-1050-1

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Samsung KidsTime Author’s Award (SKTAA) 2015
'The Mango Tree 'book is the Grand Prize (Singapore) winner. There were 149 entries from the ASEAN countries, 32 second prize winners. Grand Prize Winners: 2 from Vietnam, 2 from the Philippines, 1 from Indonesia and 1 from Singapore.

Hedwig Anuar Children’s Book Award (HABA) 2015
'The Mango Tree' is the winner of the HABA. There were 63 entries from Singapore.

Singapore Literature Prize (SLP) 2014
'The Mango Tree' was shortlisted for the SLP in the English, Non-Fiction category.
The book was the only children’s book among the other four shortlisted Non-Fiction

Introduction to See You On The Other Side podcast, episode 169, 8 November 2017 (interview by Mike Huberty and Allison Jornlin, Madison, Wisconsin).
Online at http://www.othersidepodcast.com/blog/2017/11/08/169-hunting-witchs-familiar-dr-martin-walsh-zanzibar-leopard/.

Received: 29 Aug 2019 Received in revised: 11 Feb 2020 Accepted: 13 Feb 2020 Published online: 16 Mar 2020 DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.18.3.2020.21 The dense settlements at the eastern hills of Rara Lake are at higher risk of existing landslides. Seepage of water from the lake has increased erosion rates, exaggerating the threats to villages. People are worried due to the potential of inadvertent disaster, therefore it became necessary to estimate the vulnerability of the communities and inform concerned authorities. Setting this requirement as an objective, underlying influencing indicators were assessed. The vulnerability assessment was based on the scoring of the responses emanated from indicator-based household&#39;s survey. These scores were summed up to generate indices and also mapped with their true locations. Vulnerability scores ranged from 16.50 to 21.75 and were categorized into five classes after standardization. A moderate vulnerability was exhibited by 33.08% of households sa...

Marine pollution is problematic and its impacts are having devastating and destructive effects on marine resources and the ecosystems. T he main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of marine pollution on coastal environment in Nigeria Seaports. T he specific objectives are to: (i) examine the effect of ocean dumping pollution on marine personnel in Nigeria Seaports, (ii) ascertain the effect of land runoff pollution on aquatic resource in Nigeria Seaports (iii) determine the effect of ocean mining pollution on marine ecosystem in Nigeria Seaports. T he research design of the study was descriptive survey research method. T he population of the study consists of 3 sea ports in Nigeria. The sample size of 371 respondents was drawn from population of the study which consists of 5,168 life support technicians and marine engineers of the selected sea port; Onne sea port, Calabar sea port and Delta sea port. Research questions were answered using mean score and standard deviation. T he hypotheses stated were tested using single regression statistics. The study revealed that there was negative significant effect of ocean dumping pollution on marine personnel in Nigeria Seaports (t-statistics (43.312) > P-value (0.000), it also revealed that there was negative significant effect of land runoff pollution on aquatic resource in Nigeria Seaports (t-statistics (48.491) > Pvalue (0.000), the study also revealed that there was negative significant effect of ocean mining pollution on marine ecosystem in Nigeria Seaports (t-statistics (52.292) > P-value (0.000). T he study recommended that making people aware of the problem is the first step to prevent water pollution. Hence, importance of water and pollution prevention measures should be a part of awareness and education programme by Creating awareness by re-educating the citizen, ship owners, crew of a ship, oil exploring companies, and other corporate bodies, to be concerned and responsible for the respect and protection of the marine environment in Nigeria.

Trophy hunting of Aders’ duiker (Cephalophus adersi) has begun in Zanzibar despite its listing as a critically endangered species and the documented decline of populations on Unguja (Zanzibar) island. This was revealed in an article in the March 2014 issue of The Hunting Report which describes Aders’ as a “rare duiker species of interest to collectors”. Hunting in three community forests in the south of Unguja is being operated by Zanzibar Wildlife Safaris, a company formed for this purpose by a Tanzanian hunting outfitter and his South African-based partner, an expert bow hunter. The Zanzibar government has evidently sanctioned this development, despite receiving funds from elsewhere for the conservation of Aders’ duiker and other species that are now being targeted by the hunters.

There is no evidence to suggest that it has undertaken the thorough investigation of the feasibility of offtake that was recommended when trophy hunting was first mooted more than a decade ago. While the popularity of the package offered by Zanzibar Wildlife Safaris is not yet clear, one well-known Canadian hunter and broadcaster has posted photos of his Aders’ duiker and other Zanzibar trophies online.

Until around 400 years ago, the Ainu controlled Hokkaido, the northernmost of Japan's four main islands. Today the Ainu are a small minority group in Japan and are primarily a hunting and fishing people whose origins remain in dispute. Yet, for centuries, the Ainu culture developed alongside Japanese culture, but is distinctive from that of the Japanese. However, in recent centuries, particularly since the 1889 Hokkaido Former Aborigines Protection Law, they have been subject to Japanese government policies of modernization and integration. As with indigenous peoples of Canada and the United States, the Ainu have had the majority of their sacred lands taken from them by the Japanese government.

Jayne Belnap (USA), Laura K. Brown (Canada), Ernesto Brugnoli (Uruguay), Jana E. Compton (USA), Richard H. Coupe (USA), Marcello Hernández-Blanco (Costa Rica), Forest Isbell (USA), Julie Lockwood (USA), Juan Pablo Lozoya Azcárate (Uruguay), David McGuire (USA), Anibal Pauchard (Chile), Ramon Pichs-Madruga (Cuba), Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues (Brazil), Gerardo Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa (Costa Rica/Canada), Alvaro Soutullo (Uruguay), Avelino Suarez (Cuba), Elizabeth Troutt (Canada)

This paper aims to approximate the amenity values of parks inside malls and evaluate their sustainability, approaching it from the contingent property valuation angle, using hedonic price modeling. Through a case study of restaurants inside malls (interviews and mapping inventory), it will establish the correlation between restaurant distances to park amenities. It is hypothesized that the retail shops or restaurants located near the parks have a higher probability of ROI (return on investment) despite higher rental fees, based on volume of foot traffic generated by this amenity. To validate this assumption, Geographic Information Systems (ArcGIS) is used as a tool in measuring these observations. Factor analysis among the variables is performed to determine those that are significant, after which these are entered into a regression analysis to corroborate initial assumptions and hypotheses regarding the inverse proportionality between ROI and zoning/ distance and view to park, i.e. the nearer the shops are to the park, the higher the ROI.

The term community-based wildlife conservation (CWC) refers to wildlife conservation efforts that involve indigenous people as an integral part of wildlife conservation policy. The key elements of such program are that the local communities participate in resource planning and management and the gain economically from the wildlife preservation in diverse ways. CBC is seen as an alternative to the more rigid protectionist policies of the past which often alienated indigenous people from conservation policy planning. This new approach acts to make the rural people a constituency for wildlife and therefore active backers of wildlife protection.
In a time were Africa is battling with severe social and economic problems such as poverty, long-standing economic stagnation, rapid population growth, and environmental deterioration due to the primitive means of livelihood options, the application of CWC may be not seem readily or successfully swift as the advocates will hope but rather gradual integration of this policy will help reduce forest encroachment and wildlife exploitation to a very large extent.  This study on villages and communities within the Akamkpa Local Government Area accessed the efforts the communities surrounding the Protected Area of Cross River National Park, Oban Division play in wildlife conservation, the study accessed the attitudes and behavior of local people towards wildlife conservation, indigenous people’s awareness of wildlife resources and conservation, contributions of the Park Management to support-zone communities in a way to encourage conservation, the study also highlights the possible conflicts between indigenous people’s economic needs and the implementation of community conservation vis-à-vis proffer solutions to problems through recommendations. Two hypotheses were formulated for the study, data was collected using questionnaires, oral interviews with community members. The study population and study area was derived through random sampling, two hundred (200) questionnaires were distributed to community members and were all retrieved and analyzed. This study revealed that over-hunting, forest encroachment through agricultural activities an excessive fishing amongst others are the major challenges facing wildlife conservation in Akamkpa. Thus CWC initiation can work to produce a better relationship between wildlife and people, but only a vast improvement in the lives of the local people will ultimately produce a more secure future for the wildlife in the area.