Educational Motivation

This study explores the intersection of educational management, societal life, and educational motivation within inland Buddhist communities in Lampung and South Sumatra Provinces, Indonesia. It examines how these communities integrate their cultural and religious identities into educational practices and management, shaping their motivation for learning despite geographical and motivational challenges. The Buddhist way of life, rooted in the teachings of the Buddha, fosters self-management and mindfulness, which influence their educational aspirations. Living in isolated inland settlements, these communities develop unique selfmanagement skills through practices like six concords and mindfulness, which enhance their capacity for education. A quantitative survey method was employed, involving 210 respondents selected based on specific quality criteria. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed through path analysis with SPSS 26. The findings reveal significant relationships between mindful living, the six Buddhist concords, self-management, and educational motivation. The study underscores that integrating community life situations, cultural values, and Buddhist teachings into educational management policies can enhance educational motivation. The research suggests that education policies should align with societal contexts to promote higher education standards while fostering self-management skills. By leveraging Buddhist principles and mindfulness, these communities can transform their views on education, overcoming barriers associated with their geographic and motivational constraints. This study highlights the role of cultural and religious values in educational development and provides actionable recommendations for tailoring educational management to community needs, fostering societal progress and deeper engagement with education.

The psycho-pedagogical and social rehabilitation of individuals before dismissal from the places of imprisonment is currently relevant, as it is a qualitative return to normal life that becomes an acute problem for people who are preparing to leave the places of imprisonment. The purpose of the article is to analyze the pilot psychological and pedagogical research of persons who are in places of imprisonment. For introduction of the developed socialpedagogical directions of resocialization of persons who are in the places of detention or getting ready to leave these places, the diagnostics of psychological characteristics which will become key signs of efficiency of the applied directions became relevant, namely: orientation to changing of the social environment; social-pedagogical therapy; professional orientation during teaching and educational process. Diagnostics of structure of intelligence, educational motivation, nonverbal creativity and level of self-assessment of persons who are in places of detention is performed. The analysis of results of motives of educational activity allows saying that educational activity of respondents is defined by motivation on achievement, cognitive motivation, and by motive of external stimulation. The highest indicator of the index of uniqueness that characterizes nonverbal creativity is met at most of respondents. The self-assured personality is guided by development of the his/her potential, he/she subordinates the existence to achievement of a condition of integrity, integration, spontaneity, humour, openness of experience. Creative, motivated, intelligently flexible and selfassured personality can achieve the objectives, far from creativity, for the sake of prospects in his/her life. He/she can be attracted to the activity necessary from some reasons, important for him/her, as, for example, participation of creative people in technical activity, in organizational work, for explanation of his/her purposes for other people.

Das Werk einschließlich seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlags unzulässig und strafbar. Insbesondere darf kein Teil dieses Werkes ohne vorherige schriftliche Genehmigung des Verlages in irgendeiner Form (unter Verwendung elektronischer Systeme oder als Ausdruck, Fotokopie oder unter Nutzung eines anderen Vervielfältigungsverfahrens) über den persönlichen Gebrauch hinaus verarbeitet, vervielfältigt oder verbreitet werden. Für alle in diesem Werk verwendeten Warennamen sowie Firmen-und Markenbezeichnungen können Schutzrechte bestehen, auch wenn diese nicht als solche gekennzeichnet sind. Deren Verwendung in diesem Werk berechtigt nicht zu der Annahme, dass diese frei verfügbar seien. Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografi e; detaillierte bibliografi sche Daten sind im Internet über abrufbar.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of studying the factors that determine the
students’ involvement in educational and professional activities. A measure here is involvement in activities
associated in a way with psychological capital and educational motivation of students. The present study aimed
to identify the nature of this relationship, taking into account the profile of students’ training (psychological,
pedagogical and medical).
Materials and methods. Involvement in educational activities was diagnosed using a questionnaire by V.
Schaufeli, M. Salanova, V. Gonzalez-Roma, A. Bakker; psychological capital was diagnosed with the help of
the Russian version of the questionnaire by F. Luthans, K. Joseph and B. Avolio, adapted by V.G. Maralov, M.A.
Kudaka, O.V. Smirnova; educational motivation was diagnosed using the questionnaire of A.A. Rean and V.A.
Yakunin modified by N.Ts. Badmaeva. 338 students aged 17 to 24 years, average age 19.54 (SD=1.91) from three
universities of the Russian Federation took part in the study: Moscow City Pedagogical University, Ivanovo State
Medical Academy, and Cherepovets State University. There were 161 medical (47.63%) and 177 psychological
and pedagogical profile students (52.37%).
Research results. The correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between involvement and psychological
capital (medics – r=0.48, p≤0.01; teachers and psychologists – r=0.55, p≤0.01), with professional (r=0 .40 and
r=0.44, p≤0.01) educational and cognitive (r=0.45 and r=0.44, p≤0.01), communicative motives (r=0.42 and
r=0 .29, p≤0.01) and motives for creative self-realization (r=0.18, p≤0.05 and r=0.32, p≤0.01) among students.
Regression analysis revealed that predictors of engagement and of its individual components are such indicators
of psychological capital as hope and optimism, as well as professional motives, prestige motives and educational
and cognitive motives. Statistically significant differences were found in the structure of the studied factors and in
the nature of their relationships, depending on the number of subjects. In all the three components, future doctors
obtained higher scores than future teachers and psychologists.
Conclusion. The results obtained make a certain contribution to understanding the role of involvement,
psychological capital and educational motivation in students’ mastery of educational and professional activities,
and can be used to develop special programs for increasing psychological capital, involvement in activities and
educational motivation of students.

Context: Aiming at gaining knowledge about students' thoughts and actions in deciding to stay in or drop out of an educational programme, an empirical study was conducted on dropout among 18-24-year-old students in VET and basic general adult learning. Approach: In order to pursue this aim, the study combined two sets of data: weekly student surveys and interviews with these same students. While the surveys provide a weekly snapshot of the students' thoughts regarding the probability of them continuing in the programme, their satisfaction with the educational programme as a whole, the specific lessons they attend, and the atmosphere at the school, the interviews contribute with detailed descriptions of the students' thoughts on the same matters.Findings: Based on the students' answers over an eight-week period, it was possible to trace a graph illustrating changes in the students' attitudes. These graphs can be placed within four categories of development: the st...

The family environment is the first place of education for children because this is where children first receive education and guidance. The research purpose is to explore the influence of the family environment on the motivation of the Buddhist youth in Buddhist Temples throughout Pringsewu Regency in Lmapung Province. The problems faced include low educational motivation allegedly influenced by lack of family support, economic factors, and ineffective communication. The study developed the quantitative method and survey data collection tecnique with a questionnaire and supported by SPSS program This study involved a population of 87 number of people. This study's results show a significant influence of the family environment on educational motivation. These findings show that family support is essential in increasing the motivation of young people in monasteries.

Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. Die Nutzung stellt keine Übertragung des Eigentumsrechts an diesem Dokument dar und gilt vorbehaltlich der folgenden Einschränkungen: Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.

Jesmo li zadovoljni uspješnošću naših završenih studenata pri zapošljavanju i tijekom njihovog radnog vijeka? Jesmo li svjesni toga da njihov uspjeh osigurava uspjeh ustanove u budućim godinama? Možemo li kao ustanova i kao pojedinci nastavnici, istraživači, zaposlenici, učiniti još nešto da bismo podržali naše studente u njihovom zapošljavanju i u radu?

The purpose of the article is to analyze the research activity of students in the context of distance education in order to identify factors that influence its formation. The work highlights the practical aspects of stimulating students' research activity. The work uses the methods of questionnaires, testing, and the method of expert evaluations. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-square, Pearson's coefficient. The study was based on a pedagogical experiment. It was determined that the students within the experimental group exhibited a markedly higher degree of research engagement than the control group. Specifically, the mean research activity scores in the experimental group were 75% for the need for achievement, 68% for the need for recognition, 82% for the need for curiosity, 61% for the need for control, and 42% for the need for distinction. Overall, it can be contended that motivation plays a crucial role in fostering research endeavors in the conditions of distance education. The obtained results can be used to improve the research activity of students. Potential future studies could focus on conducting a comprehensive exploration of certain aspects, such as the incentives behind research endeavors and enhancing cognitive abilities through research activities.

Article history: EDCBMJ 2017; 9(6): 414-423 Background and Aims: the aim of this research was identify roles of motivational factors of personal goal orientations, academic self-efficacy and academic press on academic cheating behavior of pharmacy students

Introduction: Conscription is an issue of great importance to young people and even their families in the current situation. Therefore, several studies have addressed various aspects of this subjcet. The most important question of this dissertation is whether the boys with academic exemption at the University of Tehran stayed in postgraduate studies due to the suspension of compulsory military service. To answer this question, the understanding of mental attitudes of boys with academic exemption in postgraduate studies at the University of Tehran was investigated in relation to the issue of staying in the higher education system with a focus on the suspension of compulsory military service.

Age discrimination has become an exceptional problem in rapidly aging societies such as Croatia. The paper aims at analysing the age discrimination issues in scientific and higher education system of the Republic of Croatia, specifically at verifying the presence of discrimination based on age and according to experience of the respondents included in the survey concerning equal conditions of work and equal advancement opportunities. For the purpose of analysis, an empirical research has been conducted by studying employees at two Croatian universities i.e. Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek and the University of Rijeka. Data were gathered by the means of an online questionnaire hosted on the Google Drive plat- form in the period from 29 May to 21 June 2017. A contact list of respondents’ e-mail ad- dresses was compiled using information obtained from official web sites of the Universities’ constituencies as well as their Rectors’ offices. There were 2958 addresses in tota...

La serie Avances de Investigación impulsada por el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE) busca difundir los resultados en proceso de los estudios que realizan sus investigadores. En concordancia con los objetivos de la institución, su propósito es realizar investigación académica rigurosa con un alto grado de objetividad, para estimular y enriquecer el debate, el diseño y la implementación de políticas públicas. Las opiniones y recomendaciones vertidas en estos documentos son responsabilidad de sus autores y no representan necesariamente los puntos de vista de GRADE ni de las instituciones auspiciadoras. Esta publicación se realizó con la ayuda de una subvención del Centro Internacional de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo, Canadá, bajo la iniciativa Think Tank.

با وجود ادبیات رو به رشد در رفتار اخلاقی پرستاران، توجه کمی به اهمیت رفتارهای بی­صداقتی تحصیلی شده است. ازدیاد این ناسازگاری، مؤسسات آموزش عالی و اعضای هیئت‌علمی را با چالش‌های جدیدی در تضمین نمودن درستکاری تحصیلی مواجه ساخته است. پژوهش حاضر، نقش واسطه­گری خودپنداشت تحصیلی را در ارتباط بین منبع کنترل و بی‌صداقتی تحصیلی در قالب یک مدل ساختاری مورد آزمایش قرار داد. این مطالعه بر روی نمونه‌ای از 298 دانشجوی پرستاری دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی‌شاپور اهواز صورت گرفت که روش مدل­یابی معادلات ساختاری برای بررسی رابطه بین سازه­ها به کار گرفته شد. به‌منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از مقیاس‌های منبع کنترل، خودپنداشت تحصیلی و بی‌صداقتی تحصیلی استفاده شد که روایی و اعتبار آن­ها به روش تحلیل عامل تأییدی و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ مطلوب به دست آمد. نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و AMOS نسخه 22 جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که خودپنداشت تحصیلی به‌طور معنی­داری رابطه بین منبع کنترل درونی و بیرونی با بی‌صداقتی تحصیلی را میانجی­گری می‌کند. منبع کنترل درونی پیش‌بین مثبت و منبع کنترل بیرونی پیش‌بینی کننده منف...

U svrhu povećanja učinkovitosti i kvalitete, kao i jačanja položaja osoba s invaliditetom, provedeni su istraživanje i analiza o trenutnom stanju i preporukama za učinkovitiji pristup uključivanja osoba s invaliditetom na tržište rada. Istraživanjem je sistematiziran pregled ključnih preporuka u području institucionalnih okvira koje osiguravaju provedbu Nacionalne strategije izjednačavanja mogućnosti za osobe s invaliditetom. U području obrazovanja važna je mogućnost njihova uključivanja u obrazovne programe za odrasle osobe u zanimanjima za koje postoji potreba na tržištu rada. Ulaganje u razvoj kvalitetnijih uvjeta koji doprinose olakšavanju integracija u obrazovne programe za odrasle osobe s invaliditetom prepoznato je kao ključan element unaprjeđenja položaja osoba s invaliditetom. Slijedom navedenoga, istraženi su stavovi osoba s invaliditetom o aktualnim mjerama i mogućim poboljšanjima uvjeta za učinkovitije i brže uključivanje u tržište rada. U istraživanju je sudjelovala fokus grupa koju su činile osobe s invaliditetom prijavljene u evidenciji Hrvatskog zavoda za zapošljavanje kao nezaposlene osobe koje aktivno traže posao. Sveobuhvatne informacije iz perspektive osoba s invaliditetom te aktualnih mjera u okviru Hrvatskog zavoda za zapošljavanje doprinijet će učinkovitijem i bržem uključivanju osoba s invaliditetom na tržište rada.

In educational psychology, curiosity is defined as a psychological state that focuses on attention by increasing cognitive functions, continuity, and emotional attachment. In this study, the curiosity from intrinsic motivation is addressed, but this curiosity will focus on how a foreign language can be developed, how it can be used in foreign language lesson, and how a foreign language can be develeped by a different approach, wondering about the lives of others. This study deals with curiosity with a methodological approach in a different dimension. The application has been conducted with students who are studying at the German Language Teaching Department and the examples of the application have been examined. The main stage of the approach in this study is to prepare a Power-Point presentation about the student himself / herself. In the first place, exercise seems to be a familiar approach, but the material here is the person's own feelings, his own way of life, in short, himself. What is wandered is how the student lives, what he likes and where he lives. What is aimed is that the other students become more willing to learn the foreing language effectively as the material is the person himself. Thus, this approach combined with the curiosity has been observed that the students learn the foreign language more effectively. During both the preparation phase and the application phase, the students have become more motivated and at the same time permanent learning has taken place.

Sažetak: U vrijeme demografskih promjena i sve većeg nedostatka radne snage, pronalazak zaposlenika, a prije svega kompetentnih zaposlenika sve je više u fokusu tvrtki. U ovom radu biti će riječi o ljudskim resursima i hrvatskom tržištu rada. Istraživanje je provedeno 2018. godine, konačan uzorak za analizu obuhvaćao je 1041 ispitanika, dobiveni rezultati na postavljena istraživačka pitanja rezultat su vlastite prosudbe ispitanika. Iz analize provedenog istraživanja proizlazi da 11 % ispitanika smatra da nisu spremi za hrvatsko tržište rada. Ispitanici kao glavni razlog nedovoljne spremnosti za hrvatsko tržište rada navode nepoštene odnose na tržištu rada (mito, korupcija, zapošljavanje preko veze). Nedostatak primjene znanja u praksi navode kao glavni nedostatak visokog obrazovanja, a s obzirom na situaciju neusklađenosti obrazovnog sustava i tržišta rada, ispitanici, njih 60%, su svjesni da su sami odgovorni za vlastitu konkurentnost na tržištu rada.

Cilj je ovog rada istražiti stavove policijskih službenika o kvaliteti različitih oblika temeljnoga policijskog obrazovanja u Republici Hrvatskoj. Ispitanici su u ovom istraživanju predavači i voditelji obrazovnih skupina u Policijskoj školi "Josip Jović" te polaznici redovitoga Dvogodišnjeg srednjoškolskog programa za zanimanje policajac/policajka (2012./2013.) i Programa srednjoškolskog obrazovanja odraslih za zanimanje policajac/policajka (2013./2014.). Podaci su prikupljeni upitnicima: "Usporedba dvogodišnjeg srednjoškolskog programa (2011./2013.) i programa srednjoškolskog obrazovanja odraslih prekvalifikacija P-9 (2013./2014.)" te "Evaluacijski upitnik – policijski službenici", konstruiranima za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Dosad u Republici Hrvatskoj nije provedeno slično istraživanje te je ovo istraživanje preduvjet za daljnju dublju analizu radi odabira optimalnog oblika temeljnoga policijskog obrazovanja u Republici Hrvatskoj. U radu se objektiv...

If teachers and teacher educators are willing to support the learning of students, it is important for them to learn what motivates students to engage in learning. Students have their own preferences on design characteristics of powerful learning environments in vocational education. We developed an instrument - the Inventory Powerful Learning Environments in Vocational Education - to measure students’ preferences on characteristics of powerful learning environments in vocational education. We investigated whether student preferences on the design of their learning environments are in line with what is described in the literature as beneficial for learning. Data of 544 students show that the preferences of students support most characteristics of PLEs in vocational education. Looking through the eyes of students, teachers have to challenge their students and encourage them to take their learning in their own hands. Adaptive learning support is needed. Remarkable, students do not pre...

Obrazovanje odraslih dio je jedinstvenog sistema obrazovanja svake države koji odraslima, tokom cijelog života, obezbjeđuje sticanje kompetencija i kvalifikacija potrebnih za lični i profesionalni razvoj, rad i zapošljavanje, kao i društveno odgovorno ponašanje. Obrazovanjem odraslih obezbjeđuje se poboljšanje obrazovne i kvalifikacione strukture i unapređivanje mogućnosti zapošljavanja stanovništva, stvaranje osnove za održivi društveno-ekonomski razvoj, povećanje profesionalne mobilnosti i fleksibilnosti radno aktivnog stanovništva, smanjenje siromaštva, ostvarivanje jednakosti, socijalne uključenosti i međugeneracijske solidarnosti. U ovom radu ispitujemo zašto se obrazovanje odraslih ne tretira kao strateški važna komponenta ekonomskog i društvenog razvoja, te na koji način se pitanje etike upliće u cjeloživotno obrazovanje odraslih.

Kadrovi su osnovni društveni i gospodarski resurs razvoja svake djelatnosti, pa tako i pojedinih segmenata u strukturi hotelijersko-turističkog gospodarstva. Iz te spoznaje proizlazi potreba ustroja takvog obrazovnog sustava koji će postojećim i potencijalnim djelatnicima pružiti odgovarajuća znanja za što kvalitetnije uključivanje u sve segmente izvođačkog, informacijskog i upravljačkog sustava hotelskog poduzeća. Neusklađenost nastavnih planova, programa i obrazovnih profila sa stvarnim zahtjevima hotelijersko-turističkog gospodarstva, rezultiralo je inicijativom da se pri Ministarstvu turizma osnuje radno tijelo, sastavljeno od poznatih i priznatih stručnjaka, s ciljem da se predloži ustroj i funkcioniranje konzistentnog obrazovnog sustava.

Bei der Analyse der Reproduktionsmechanismen von Bildungsungleichheiten spielen elterliche Bildungsaspirationen sowohl im Kontext von Studien, die dem Rational-Choice-Paradigma verpflichtet sind, als auch im Kontext von Studien, die eine ungleichheitstheoretisch orientierte Bildungsforschung im Anschluss an Pierre Bourdieu betreiben, als Erklärungsfaktor eine gewichtige Rolle. Dabei wird in der Regel ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen Bildungschancen und Bildungsaspirationen in der Weise hergestellt, dass bildungsferne Schichten oder Milieus auch nur über wenige Bildungsaspirationen verfügen. Auf der Grundlage eigener explorativer Daten versuchen die Verfasser zu zeigen, dass diese Grundannahme für die aktuelle Reproduktion von Bildungsungleichheiten brüchig ist. Nicht die elterlichen Bildungsaspirationen scheinen den Unterschied auszumachen, sondern verwertbare Kenntnisse und Wissensformen über die Funktionsweise der schulischen Institutionen. Ferner können die Verfasser auf diese ...

U radu su predstavljeni opći trendovi u visokoškolskom obrazovanju, te razlike u pristupu poduzetničkom obrazovanju i stjecanju poduzetničkih kompetencija na stručnim i sveučilišnim studijima poduzetničke orijentacije. Stručni studiji u Hrvatskoj posjeduju značajne stručne i obrazovne resurse koji još uvijek nisu dovoljno iskorišteni za suradnju s drugim sektorima. Programi cjeloživotnog učenja ojačali bi povezanost tih obrazovnih institucija s gospodarskim, civilnim i javnim sektorom, te učvrstili povezanost prakse, istraživanja i znanosti. Za potrebe ovog rada istraženi su primjeri dobre prakse u području pružanja kvalitetnih usluga za razvoj obiteljskog poduzetništva u obrazovnim institucijama, te predstavljeni uspješni europski i američki programi koji bi mogli poslužiti kao benchmark za buduće planiranje razvoja tih programa u Hrvatskoj. Korištene su metode pretraživanja sekundarnih izvora, provođenja ankete u vezi s potrebama obiteljskih poduzetnika, te metoda snimanja postoje...

بسیاری از معلمان بر این باورند که در کلاس‌های زبان مدرسه یا آموزشگاه‌ها نمی‌توان مهارت نگارش را تقویت کرد. برای برخی دیگر نیز مشخص نیست چگونه می‌توان به روشی کاربردی به ارائه بازخورد در نوشته‌های زبان‌آموزان پرداخت. اختلاف دیدگاه پیرامون کارآمدی «بازخوردهای اصلاحی آموزگار»1، پژوهشگران را در طول سه دهه گذشته به خود مشغول ساخته است. پیش از صحبت پیرامون تأثیرگذاری یا بی‌تأثیری چنین بازخوردهایی در آموزش مهارت نگارش، نخست باید از انگیزه زبان‌آموزان برای توجه به این بازخوردها و به‌کارگیری آن‌ها در نوشته‌های خود اطمینان حاصل کرد. چرا که بدون چنین توجهی، بازخوردهای اصلاحی آموزگار دیگر نمی‌تواند تأثیرگذار باشد.

مقاله حاضر نخست به معرفی روش‌های کاربردی برای تقویت مهارت نگارش در کلاس‌های زبان می‌پردازد. در ادامه، تأثیر «روش ارزشیابی پلکانی»2 روی مهارت نوشتاری زبان‌آموزان در قالب یک پژوهش نیمه‌تجربی بررسی شده است. یافته‌ها نشان دادند، زبان‌آموزانی که با این روش آموزش دیده بودند، نه‌تنها نسبت به دیگر زبان‌آموزان پیشرفت بیشتری داشتند، بلکه از انگیزه بالاتر و دید مثبت‌تری نیز نسبت به بازخوردهای اصلاحی آموزگار و تمرین مهارت نوشتاری برخوردار شدند.

The major research problem is the comparative study of circumstances of elderly people's educational activity in Poland and Spain. The object of the research is to pay attention to the issues regarding to educational needs, opportunities for education and developing the cognitive processes in elderly people as well as the methods of organisation of institutions involved into this area of activity. The objective of this article is to at least attempt to present institutional measures offered by the said countries relating to this age group, especially with regard to the support of their cognitive development and the idea of lifelong learning. One of the article's elements is showing the good practice regarding to these problems, which are well worth being paid attention to and being established in the Polish educational practice toward elderly people.

Ovo izvješće donosi evaluaciju učinka programa Aktivne politike zapošljavanja u ingerenciji Hrvatskog zavoda za zapošljavanje iz 2009. i 2010. godine. Promatrani ishod kroz koji se evaluira učinak je vjerojatnost da se polaznik mjere nalazi u evidenciji HZZ-a kao nezaposlena osoba nakon što je mjera završila. Učinkovitost je analitički procijenjena korištenjem tehnike uparivanja (eng. matching) ishoda polaznika i njima sličnih nezaposlenih osoba koje nisu sudjelovale u mjerama. Evaluacijom je obuhvaćeno pet mjera za koje je bilo moguće izraditi uparivanje: sufi nanciranje zapošljavanja mladih bez radnog staža, dugotrajno nezaposlenih i starijih osoba, zatim programi fi nanciranja obrazovanja za nepoznatog poslodavca te mjere (su)fi nanciranja zapošljavanja u javnom radu. U evaluiranom razdoblju izdaci i obuhvat aktivnih politika zapošljavanja bili su u porastu, iako Hrvatska bitno zaostaje u fi nanciranju APZ-a za europskim zemljama. Kvazieksperimentalni evaluacijski rezultati ne ukazuju na snažne efekte pohađanja programa za polaznike. Sufi nanciranje zapošljavanja u bilo kojoj od evaluiranih mjera pokazuje pozitivan učinak unutar dvije godine od kraja sudjelovanja, iako se prednost smanjuje s vremenom, a postoji vjerojatnost da je efekt precijenjen zbog selekcije zapošljivijih sudionika od strane poslodavca. Mjera obrazovanja za nepoznatog poslodavca u prvoj godini po završetku smanjuje vjerojatnost izlaska iz nezaposlenosti, a polaznici unutar dvije godine nemaju ili imaju tek minimalno manju vjerojatnost nezaposlenosti nego što bi imali da se nisu obrazovali kroz mjeru. Međutim, mjere obrazovanja učinkovitije su kod osoba bez srednje škole, koje dolaze iz neaktivnosti i nisu izrazito dugo nezaposlene. Procjena efekta sudjelovanja u mjeri javnih radova ukazuje na povećani srednjoročni rizik nezaposlenosti za sudionike, što se dijelom može objasniti selekcijom najranjivijih u ove programe. Višu srednjoročnu vjerojatnost nezaposlenosti sudionika javnih radova u odnosu na slične osobe moguće je tumačiti i kao efekt aktivacije-naime, da nisu sudjelovali u radovima, oni bi (kao njima slični nesudionici) u značajnoj mjeri napustili nezaposlenost odlaskom u neaktivnost. Na kraju rada temeljem ovih rezultata procijenjena je efi kasnost uloženih sredstava s obzirom na broj osoba koje nisu u nezaposlenosti zbog participacije u mjerama.

Saetak Èlanak govori o zapošljavanju ena u neslubenom gospodarstvu u zemljama u tranziciji (ZUT). Od poèetka tranzicije pojaèani su trendovi fleksibilnoga i neslubenog zapošljavanja, te rastuaeeg osiromašenja kuaeanstava. U središtu razmatranja je zapošljavanje ena, a ne pojedini gospodarski sektori ili tvrtke. Siromaštvo i nezaposlenost u ZUT-u su sve izraeniji pa u neformalnim oblicima zapošljavanja sudjeluju ljudi razlièitih profila, ukljuèujuaei i visoko-obrazovane osobe. U radu se analizira neformalno zapošljavanje siromašnih osoba, a ne ilegalne aktivnosti poput krijumèarenja oruja, droge i ljudi. Ujedno se daje okvir za analizu naèina preivljavanja siromašnih ljudi ukljuèenih u neformalno zapošljavanje u ZUT-u. Razlog tako širokog okvira jest odnos siromaštva i neslubenog zapošljavanja jer se te pojave u ZUT-u i u mnogim zemljama svijeta preklapaju. Osobe koje rade u neslubenom gospodarstvu obièno su siromašnije od onih koji rade u slubenome, a to je pogotovo naglašeno meðu enama. Kljuène rijeèi: ene, neslubeno gospodarstvo, zemlje u tranziciji (ZUT), siromaštvo

Introduction: Diabetes is a serious, progressive, and costly disease that creates many limitations for its patient. Diabetes disrupts a person’s psychological and social adjustment and coping strategies, resulting in psychological complications for the patients.
Objective: This study aims to determine the role of personality traits in predicting resilience and coping strategies of patients with type 2 diabetes living in Bushehr City, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 120 patients with diabetes who were referred to healthcare centers in Bushehr. They were selected through the convenience sampling method. The study data were collected using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, 60-item Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory, and Coping Strategies Questionnaire. In addition, descriptive statistics and linear regression tests were employed to interpret the data.
Results: About 60.8% of the participants were female, and more than 90% were married and lived in urban areas. Based on the study’s results, there is a significant positive association between neuroticism and emotion-oriented (B=2.68, 95% CI; -0.666 to 4.701, P=0.01) and avoidance (B=2.60, 95% CI; -0.961 to 4.248, P=0.002) coping strategies. The results illustrated that neuroticism predicted resilience in patients with type 2 diabetes (B=-6.186, 95% CI; -11.632 to -0.741, P=0.026;), and the model predicted 9% of resilience (Adjusted R2=0.096).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, most patients with type 2 diabetes had neuroticism, which could decrease their resilience. Therefore, due to the increasing trend of diabetic patients in Iran, and considering the etiological factors, it is necessary to pay attention to the psychological and personality components of these patients to know and adapt more to their physical and mental conditions.

Context: Aiming at gaining knowledge about students' thoughts and actions in deciding to stay in or drop out of an educational programme, an empirical study was conducted on dropout among 18-24-year-old students in VET and basic general adult learning. Approach: In order to pursue this aim, the study combined two sets of data: weekly student surveys and interviews with these same students. While the surveys provide a weekly snapshot of the students' thoughts regarding the probability of them continuing in the programme, their satisfaction with the educational programme as a whole, the specific lessons they attend, and the atmosphere at the school, the interviews contribute with detailed descriptions of the students' thoughts on the same matters.Findings: Based on the students' answers over an eight-week period, it was possible to trace a graph illustrating changes in the students' attitudes. These graphs can be placed within four categories of development: the st...

Young people from working class backgrounds remained mostly excluded from the widening educational participation which characterised postwar Britain. Based on 20 semi-structured interviews which were part of a wider study about ‘Social Participation and Identity’ (2008–2009), this article explores the unusual learning trajectories of a group of working class adults born in 1958, who participated in higher education (HE) in a context where most people from the same socio-economic backgrounds did not. Drawing on Bourdieu’s social theory, the findings suggest that different types of retrospective accounts were mobilised to reconcile working class habitus of origin and the perceived habitus as adults. Most research on working class and higher education focuses on the experiences of youth. By contrast, the use of retrospective accounts of adults has enabled the study to capture the implications that the educational trajectories have later in life. The authors consider these accounts a pa...

RESUMEN: El descenso de los niveles de practica fisico-deportiva, asi como el aumento del consumo de sustancias saludablemente nocivas repercuten de forma muy negativa en los adolescentes, ademas de influir en factores como el rendimiento y la motivacion orientados al ambito academico. El estudio presenta una muestra de 421 adolescentes de ESO y Bachillerato de la ciudad de Cartagena (Murcia, Espana). Se utilizaron cuestionarios sociodemograficos, la Escala de Motivacion Educativa (EME-S) y diferentes calificaciones escolares. Los resultados indican que los adolescentes activos tienen valores mas bajos en consumo de alcohol, tabaco y cannabis. Ademas presentan niveles mas altos de motivacion academica y un mejor rendimiento academico en las tres materias analizadas, matematicas, lengua y educacion fisica. La practica de actividad fisico-deportiva en adolescentes se asocia a niveles mas bajos de consumo de sustancias saludablemente, nocivas asi como con mayor rendimiento academico y ...

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen eines Trainingsprogrammes für pädagogisches Fachpersonal auf Sprechfreude und sprachliche Leistungen der von ihnen betreuten drei-bis fünfjährigen Kinder. 16 Kindertagesstätten wurden zufällig zu Interventions-bzw. Vergleichsgruppe zugewiesen und 146 Kinder mit zusätzlichem sprachlichem Förderbedarf sowie 49 Erzieherinnen aus diesen ausgewählt. Die Erzieherinnen der Interventionsgruppe absolvierten das "HIT-Heidelberger Interaktionstraining für pädagogisches Fachpersonal zur Förderung ein-und mehrsprachiger Kinder" (Buschmann/Jooss 2010). Die Erzieherinnen der Vergleichsgruppe erhielten eine theoretische Fortbildung über Sprachentwicklung. Während eines Interventionszeitraumes von vier Monaten wurden die Kinder beider Gruppen in ihren Einrichtungen gefördert. Das Training bewirkte über eine Optimierung des sprachlichen Interaktionsverhaltens der Erzieherinnen eine Steigerung der Sprechfreude und eine erhöhte Komplexität kindlicher Äußerungen. Auf Testebene profitierten die sprachlich schwächsten Kinder im Bereich der Semantik von der Intervention. Ein sprachliches Interaktionstraining kann somit als ein effektiver und wichtiger Baustein der Sprachförderung in Kindertagesstätten angesehen werden.

Background: Academic motivation has always been considered by researchers and specialists in educational psychology as a critical and essential aspect of education. With motivation, students follow the necessary mobility to successfully finish an assignment and reach a goal by demonstrating a specific level of proficiency in their work to finally acquire the essential learning and academic success. This study aimed to evaluate the structural modeling of the role of attachment styles among students mediated by academic self-efficacy. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional research was conducted using structural equations. The research population included all high school students (n=3057) in the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades living in Gonabad City, Iran, in 2019-2020, of whom 1646 were girls and 1411 boys. A total of 250 students were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method based on principles of structural equations sampling. After obtaining informed consent, all participants completed the situational motivation scale, the Morgan-Jinks student attachment styles, the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, revised adult attachment scale, and the classroom environments questionnaire. Then, the data were collected and analyzed through the Pearson correlation method and structural equations in SPSS software version 19 and AMOS version 20. Results: Academic self-efficacy (0.20) and attachment styles (-0.15) directly and significantly affected academic motivation. In addition, attachment styles (-0.23) had a direct and significant effect on academic self-efficacy. There was an indirect relationship between emotional regulation (-0.07) and mediated academic self-efficacy on academic motivation (P<0.01). Conclusion: The attachment styles model owes a good fit to students' academic motivation with the mediating role of academic self-efficacy. Therefore, the awareness of teachers, parents, principals, and other educational experts can improve students' academic motivation.

Introduction: Conscription is an issue of great importance to young people and even their families in the current situation. Therefore, several studies have addressed various aspects of this subject. The most important question of this dissertation is whether the boys with academic exemption at the University of Tehran stayed in postgraduate studies due to the suspension of compulsory military service. To answer this question, the understanding of mental attitudes of boys with academic exemption in postgraduate studies at the University of Tehran was investigated in relation to the issue of staying in the higher education system with a focus on the suspension of compulsory military service.

Tendencija znanja u globalnom okruženju je u povećanju ulaganja u obrazovanje i stalno stručno usavršavanje u svim ovlastima i od strane svih zainteresiranih aktera (uključujući i poduzeća) na takav način da možemo biti bliže nivou ulaganja u obrazovanje razvijenih zemalja. S globalizacijom moramo internacionalizirati obrazovanje, a kroz intenzivnu suradnju s industrijom odnosno privredom trebamo osiguravati koordinaciju profila diplomaca s potrebama privrede i vrstom potrebnim kompetencija. Stupanj konkurencije između firmi i pojedinaca u globalnom okruženju se iz dana u dan povećava. Od zaposlenih se očekuje da koriste svoja teorijska znanja stečena tijekom formalnog i/ili neformalnog obrazovanja u svakodnevnom radu. Pojedinci i organizacije koji mogu koristiti, iskorištavaju i osiguravaju prijenos postojećeg teorijskog znanja iz obrazovnih institucija tako da identificiraju i iskoriste nove izvore znanja, pripadaju među najuspješnije u bilo kojoj grani djelatnosti. Ključni element u svemu ovome je da s procesom prenošenja znanja razumijemo transfer znanja od onih koji imaju znanje i s mjesta, gdje znanje nastaje, do svih onih koji trebaju znanje i do mjesta, gdje je znanje komercijalno vrijedno i korisno. U budućnosti će biti ključne vještine globalnog znanja, poznavanje drugih kultura, povijesti, geografije, znanje stranih jezika i međunarodne ekonomije.

Uloge edukatora u obrazovanju odraslih kontinuirano se mijenjaju, a sve ih se češće naziva mentorima, savjetnicima, motivatorima i evaluatorima, odnosno pridaju im se uloge za koje je nužno posjedovanje širokog spektra generičkih i specifičnih kompetencija. S obzirom na oskudan broj provedenih studija o kompetencijama edukatora u Republici Hrvatskoj, provedeno je istraživanje s ciljem ispitivanja i analiziranja stavova zaposlenika ustanova za obrazovanje odraslih o ključnim kompetencijama koje su potrebne za rad s odraslima te utvrđivanja stavova o važnosti pojedinih skupina kompetencija. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 91 ispitanik, a podaci su prikupljeni mrežnim anketiranjem. Rezultati istraživanja sugeriraju da zaposlenici ustanova za obrazovanje odraslih smatraju da je za rad s odraslima potrebno posjedovati društvene kompetencije, kompetencije savjetovanja odraslih polaznika, osmišljavanja i razumijevanja procesa učenja, poučavanja i vrednovanja, kompetencije razvoja obrazovnih p...

Im Projekt EUROSTUDENT werden Daten zu den sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen des Studierens in Europa erhoben. Der Band präsentiert die Daten und Ergebnisse einer aktuellen Studierendenbefragung in 28 Ländern des Europäischen Hochschulraums. Der Bericht ist die wichtigste Publikation des Projektes, das von Forschenden, Datensammelnden, Vertreter:innen nationaler Ministerien und anderen Akteuren aus ganz Europa umgesetzt wird. Der Projektbericht bereitet ein breites Informationsspektrum auf. Dazu gehören Daten zum Zugang zu höherer Bildung, zu Studienbedingungen, zur internationalen Mobilität der Studierenden, zur Qualität von Studiengängen und zu geplanten Studienprogrammen. Mit den Ergebnissen will die Projektgruppe bildungspolitische Debatten anregen und die Basis für künftige Forschungsarbeit legen.The EUROSTUDENT project gathers data about the prevailing social and economic conditions for studying in Europe. The volume presents data and results from an up-to-date s...

Tema ovog rada je uvjetovanost cjeloživotnog obrazovanja i zapošljivosti pojedinca. Cjeloživotno obrazovanje podrazumijeva kontinuirani proces pripreme za zanimanja koja proizlaze iz zahtjeva tehnološkog razvoja i konkretnih potreba društva. Zajedno s radom čini područje u kojem prosuđivanje nekih čovjekovih karakteristika ima veliko značenje ne samo u životu pojedinca, već i za cijelo društvo. Pored zahtjeva u pogledu motivacije i spremnosti pojedinca za cjeloživotno obrazovanje, u obzir se uzimaju tendencije gospodarskih promjena, zahtjevi tržišta radne snage, trend zastarijevanja stečenih znanja i vještina. Objašnjenja rezultata dobivenih analizom provedene ankete potkrijepljena su statističkim podacima o stupnju i strukturi obrazovanosti stanovništva Republike Hrvatske. Rezultati upućuju na činjenicu da bi višegodišnjim praćenjem kretanja ponude i potražnje na tržištu rada i ostalih čimbenika koji na njega utječu, bilo moguće predvidjeti buduća gospodarska kretanja i u skladu s ...

The purpose of this study was to describe the living experiences of 12th grade students of academic motivation. The research method was qualitative and data collection tool was interview. The study population was 12th grade students. The sampling was purposeful so that until the new information was no longer available, the sampling would end, so the sample consisted of 19 students who participated in a semi-structured interview. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using the grounded theory method and the texts were analyzed by qualitative content analysis and the main categories of academic motivation were extracted. Thus, the factors affecting academic motivation were coded into three main categories, each with additional subcategories. The main categories obtained are: 1- Individual factors including sub-categories of goal-setting, energy, bright future, self-confidence, self-efficacy, success, interest and learning strategies; 2 family factors including parent support and encouragement; 3. Social factors including encouraging friends and peers, modeling who succeeded. In general, academic motivation is influenced by many factors such as the individual, family and community.