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Extended X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopies have been utilized to determine the structural environment of the heme iron sites in horseradish peroxidase compounds I and 11. For comparison, analogous studies have been undertaken on putative ferryl, Fe(IV)=O, porphyrin model compounds and on crystallographically characterized Cr(IV)=O and Cr(V)=N porphyrins. The present work demonstrates unambiguously that a short, 9. 1.64 A, Fe-0 bond length is present both in HRP Compounds I and I1 and in their synthetic analogues. Edge spectra show the oxidation state of these high-valent species to be Fe(1V) or greater. These structures are consistent only with an oxoferryl (Fe=O) complex as the active oxygen species of horseradish peroxidase. The structural details and their implications for heme protein mediated oxygen activation are discussed.

La operatoria en el marco del mercado involucra un constante proceso de toma de decisiones por parte de los operadores. Dada la información que cada individuo extrae de los precios vigentes en un momento dado, ese sujeto determina cursos de acción a seguir en función de sus posibilidades y sus inclinaciones.

Séries a que se destina: Educação infantil a 5º ano JUSTIFICATIVA Educar! Tarefa das mais difíceis! Como se preparar na vida e para a vida? Todo ser humano tem suas crenças e com base nelas seus pensamentos e sentimentos, que culminam nas atitudes.

Mycetomas are inflammatory pseudotumours of subcutaneous and possibly osseous soft fabrics, generally polyfistulas with chronic mode of evolution. This study was carried out at the laboratory of parasitology and mycology of Le Dantec hospital in Dakar, Senegal, including 113 patients, from june 2008 to july 2010. Patients were from different regions in Senegal and in neighborhood countries, referred to the laboratory for mycetoma diagnosis. Among the 250 patients referred, 113 were positives after direct observation and culture corresponding to 45.2% index of infestation. The age range varies between 13 to 73years with an average age of 33.9years. The age bracket ranging between 20-39years is more infected (27.34%), followed by 40-59years (25.2%), 60years and more (4.5%), 30-39years (16.64%), 13-19years (7.2%). The infection sex rate were, male: 79.6% and female: 20.4%. Infection prevalence profession dependant was found mainly in farmers and breeders with respectively: 48.7%, and 42.5%. The foot infestation is most represented with 72.5%, then leg (12.3%), knee (7.1%), scalp (2.7%), hand (1.8%). The other localizations are found with less than 1%: back, thigh, chest and ganglion inguinal. According to mycetoma agents, fungy are represented than mycetomas actinomycosic with respectively 70% and 30%. The species found were: Madurella mycetomatis (53.1%), Actinomadura pelletieri (23%), Leptosphaeria senegalensis (9.7%), Streptomyces somaliensis (2.6%), Actinomadura madurae (2,6%), Pseudallescheria boydii (1.8%), Nocardia spp. (1.8%), Scedosporium apiospermum (0.9%), Fusarium solani (0.9%). We found agents of dermatophytes: Microsporum langeronii (1.8%), and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (0.9%). This study confirms that mycetomas are endemic affections in Senegal, where it still remain a real cause of disability among population leaving in rural area.

Concepto: E s u n m é t o d o a r i t m é t i c o , q u e c o n s i s t e e n c a l c u l a r u n v a l o r d e s c o n o c i d o d e u n a m a g n i t u d , m e d i a n t e l a c o m p a r a c i ó n d e m a g n i t u d e s p r o p o r c i o n a l e s .

Cette difficulté du texte de Lao-tseu est également reconnue en Chine, et nous pourrions nous consoler de notre impuissance à l'entendre complètement, en voyant les docteurs Tao-sse les plus renommés y signaler les mêmes obscurités qui ont égaré quelques missionnaires et M. Abel-Rémusat. « Il n'est pas aisé, dit Sie-hoeï, l'un de nos commentateurs, d'expliquer clairement les passages les plus profonds de p.IV Lao-tseu ; tout ce que la science peut faire, c'est d'en donner le sens général. Hâtons-nous de le dire, cependant, les difficultés qu'ont rencontrées les PP. Prémare, Fouquet, Bouvet et M. Abel-Rémusat, tenaient moins à la langue ou au sujet du livre qu'au système d'interprétation qu'ils avaient adopté.

Así como el comienzo de la civilización occidental se caracterizó por la instalación permanente de pueblos nómades en la cuenca del Mediterráneo, el comienzo de lo que es distintivamente moderno en nuestra civilización se caracteriza por el crecimiento de las grandes ciudades. En ninguna parte ha estado la humanidad más alejada de su naturaleza orgánica que bajo las condiciones de vida propias de las grandes ciudades. El mundo contemporáneo ya no presenta el cuadro de pequeños grupos aislados de seres humanos dispersos sobre un vasto territorio, tal como Sumner (1906) describió a la sociedad primitiva. El rasgo que distingue al modo de vida del hombre de la edad moderna es su concentración en agregados gigantescos que irradian las ideas y prácticas que llamamos civilización, y alrededor de los cuales se aglomeran centros menores. El grado en que el mundo contemporáneo puede ser llamado urbano no es entera o correctamente medido por la proporción de hombres que, sobre la población total, vive en las ciudades. Las influencias que la ciudad ejerce sobre la vida social del hombre son mayores de lo que indicaría la magnitud de la población urbana, pues la ciudad no es sólo la morada y el taller del hombre moderno, sino también el centro de iniciación y control de la vida económica, política y cultural que ha atraído a su órbita las más remotas partes del mundo y entrelazado en un cosmos diversas áreas, pueblos y actividades.

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This article presents the background to and prospects for a new initiative in archaeological field survey and database integration. The Roman Hinterland Project combines data from the Tiber Valley Project, Roman Suburbium Project, and the Pontine Region Project into a single database, which the authors believe to be one of the most complete repositories of data for the hinterland of a major ancient metropolis, covering nearly 2000 years of history. The logic of combining these databases in the context of studying the Roman landscape is explained and illustrated with analyses that show their capacity to contribute to major debates in Roman economy, demography, and the longue durée of the human condition in a globalizing world.

Objectives. Illustrate the specific and nonspecific aspects of myositis ossificans circumscripta (MOC) in standard imaging, cross-sectional imaging (sonography, CT, and MRI), and bone scintigraphy. Patients and methods. Eight patients presenting with MOC (three men and five women) were explored using standard radiography (eight cases), sonography (seven cases), scintigraphy (four cases), CT (six cases), and MRI (four cases). Results. Standard x-rays and sonography of the soft tissue showed a well-defined mass containing calcifications in 75% of the cases. The CT scan diagnosed MOC in four cases, showing calcified masses separated from the adjacent bone by a clear radiotransparent border or afferent peripheral tumoral calcifications highly suggestive of MOC. MRI was nonspecific. Bone scintigraphy showed hyperfixation in the four cases imaged. Conclusion. Standard x-rays were useful to demonstrate the calcifications of MOC and to identify their relation with the subjacent bone. Sonography and bone scintigraphy were interesting in monitoring the lesion's maturation. In addition to early detection of calcifications, CT can precisely localize the lesion before surgical ablation. MRI is a very sensitive technique in detecting small lesions at an early stage, but it is nonspecific and does not remove the necessity of biopsy to eliminate the possibility of a malignant disease.

We present a review of literature on aspects of sound production in a clarinet which involve non-linearities of the flow in the instrument. We discuss the flow in the reed channel, the contribution of turbulence to the sound production, the vortex shedding at tone holes and the pipe termination and finally we discuss the non-linear wave deformation in the pipe. Most of these effects can only be described qualitatively on the basis of existing theories and the experimental data are insufficient. Further research is welcome.

This article presents the background to and prospects for a new initiative in archaeological field survey and database integration. The Roman Hinterland Project combines data from the Tiber Valley Project, Roman Suburbium Project, and the Pontine Region Project into a single database, which the authors believe to be one of the most complete repositories of data for the hinterland of a major ancient metropolis, covering nearly 2000 years of history. The logic of combining these databases in the context of studying the Roman landscape is explained and illustrated with analyses that show their capacity to contribute to major debates in Roman economy, demography, and the longue durée of the human condition in a globalizing world.

This article examines reactions to de-Stalinisation in Soviet Moldavia between February 1956 and March 1957. The article is based on evidence from the archives of both the former Communist Party of Moldavia and the Moldavian KGB. It highlights the uncertainty there was at local levels because of the denunciation of Stalin. Local party reports demonstrate concern about the activities of religious activists, Western propaganda, nationalism and disaffected youth. The Hungarian revolution of 1956 caused the party to change tack, and to begin a clampdown. These reports highlight that Soviet rule had very shallow roots in Moldavia.

Medical image security provides challenges and opportunities, watermarking and encryption of medical images provides the necessary control over the flow of medical information. In this paper a dual security approach is employed .A medical image is considered as watermark and is watermarked inside a natural image. This approach is to wean way the potential attacker by disguising the medical image as a natural image. To further enhance the security the watermarked image is encrypted using encryption algorithms. In this paper a multi–objective optimization approach optimized using different metaheuristic approaches like Genetic Algorithm (GA), Differential Evolution ( DE) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFOA) is proposed. Such optimization helps in preserving the structural integrity of the medical images, which is of utmost importance. The water marking is proposed to be implemented using both Lifted Wavelet Transforms (LWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique. The encryption is done using RSA and AES encryption algorithms. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) which enables the user to have ease of operation in loading the image, watermark it, encrypt it and also retrieve the original image whenever necessary is also designed and presented in this paper.

En el mundo y especialmente en Latino América, la creciente demanda de obras civiles durables y que permanezcan en buen estado hace que los ingenieros en la actualidad tengan que pensar en diseños óptimos de acuerdo con los mejores criterios internacionales de calidad. Un buen sistema de drenaje y/o subdrenaje está íntimamente relacionado con una mayor durabilidad de las obras. De hecho, la vida útil de las vías depende en gran parte del periodo de tiempo en que el exceso de agua esté presente en su estructura.

The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must enroll in a course of Differential Equations and Engineering Applications (MATH 2210) as a prerequisite for the subsequent stages of their study. Mainly, one of the objectives of this course is that the students practice MATLAB software package during the course. The aim of using this software is to solve differential equations individually and as a system of equation in parallel with analytical mathematics trends. In general, mathematical models of the engineering systems like mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and civil are modeled and solve to predict the behavior of the system under different conditions. The paper presents the technique which is used to solve DE using MATLAB. The main code that utilized and presented is MATLAB/ode45 to enable the students solving initial value DE and experience the response of the engineering systems for different applied conditions. Moreover, both advantages and disadvantages are presented especially the student mostly face in solving system of DE using ode45 code

Hem yalnızlık hem de dindarlık temel insanî olgu ve deneyimlerdendir. Ancak söz konusu her iki deneyim de tek boyutlu değildir. Bunlar çeşitli faktörlerin etkisiyle çok değişik biçimlerde tezahür edebilmektedirler. Dolayısıyla farklı bakış açılarından hareketle farklı şekillerde tanımlanmakta ve sınıflandırılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada dindarlıkla yalnızlık arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir. “Allah’ı iç dünyada hissetme”, “namaz kılma”, “oruç tutma”, “dua etme”, “tövbe etme”, “dine önem verme” ve “öznel dindarlık algısı” dindarlığın farklı görüntüleri olarak kavramlaştırılmıştır. Yalnızlık ise UCLA Yalnızlık ölçeği ile tespite çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni Çukurova Üniversitesi öğrencileridir. Örneklem basit rastlantısal yöntemle seçilmiştir. Çalışmaya 312’si (% 50.8) kadın, 302’si (% 49.2) erkek olmak üzere toplam 614 kişi katılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre gençlerin yalnızlık düzeyi dindarlığın çeşitli görüntülerine göre farklılaşmaktadır. Dindarlıkla yalnızlıkla arasındaki...

When stresses are applied to a material in a metastable crystallographic structure, different effects are observed. Phase transformation kinetics is affected, a transformation plasticity deformation occurs, and transformation mechanisms can be modified.

Different optimization methods have been applied to solve hydrothermal scheduling problems. This study reviews some of the common optimization methods and algorithms their strengths and weaknesses. The study found out that with time, old methods are improved upon and novel methods are developed to provide for more efficiency, faster convergence, robustness, and adaptability.

Rbum6. -Les effets de la r6duction de la taille des grains dans des Bchantillons naturels de goethite sont decrits, comme ils se manifestent en spectroscopie Mossbauer, en diffraction de rayons X et en thermogravimktrie. Nous avons trouvk une corrklation entre la dimension moyenne des grains et le type de formation des minerais. Nous proposons une classification dans laquelle les minerais, selon la forme generaie de leur spectre Mossbauer, se presentent en trois classes qui correspondent aux differents types de formation.

The indications for treating carotid artery stenosis are related to the symptomatic nature of the lesion and the degree of stenosis. Duplex sonography is adequate for screening. While some groups believe that Duplex US alone or in combination with transcranial Doppler ...

The authors report a case of cervico-thoracic region hydatid cyst suspected by the presence of a palpable right lower neck mass. This location is very rare. Neck ultrasound and computed tomography showed the cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging can be useful for diagnosis and provided the best anatomo-topographic evaluation before surgery. Les auteurs rapportent l'observation d'un kyste hydatique cervicothoracique, découvert à la suite d'une voussure de la base cervicale droite. Cette localisation est très rare. L'échographie cervicale et la tomodensitométrie ont permis le diagnostic. L'imagerie par résonance magnétique a permis notamment par les coupes sagittales une analyse topographique précise, avant la résection chirurgicale.

Different optimization methods have been applied to solve hydrothermal scheduling problems. This study reviews some of the common optimization methods and algorithms their strengths and weaknesses. The study found out that with time, old methods are improved upon and novel methods are developed to provide for more efficiency, faster convergence, robustness, and adaptability.