Cultural Literacy

Sustainable knowledge sharing among mathematics and science teachers is imperative to improve the ability of such teachers to enhance the way information is transferred to learners. South Africa ranked 37th out of 42 countries in an assessment to determine the ability of high school learners to conduct mathematics and science. There is, therefore, an urgent need to investigate how teachers can be empowered to enhance their ability to transfer knowledge of mathematics and science to improve the ability of learners to engage in these subjects. A post-positivist paradigm and quantitative survey design were employed to identify ways of knowledge sharing that will enhance the ability of teachers to transfer knowledge of mathematics and science to learners. The findings identified key barriers to knowledge sharing, including the role of school management in fostering a culture of knowledge exchange, time management, and limited opportunities for professional development. Based on the findings of the research, a framework is proposed to encourage knowledge sharing, which may ultimately improve teaching practices and learner outcomes in mathematics and science.

Abstrak Salah satu tantangan mahasiswa baru adalah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan budaya baru, tak terkecuali bagi mahasiswa baru Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad) yang berada di tatar Sunda. Himpunan Mahasiswa Perpustakaan dan Sains Informasi (Himaka) pada Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi (Fikom) Unpad, menyelenggarakan lomba kreativitas budaya Sunda sebagai sebuah upaya memperkenalkan budaya Sunda pada mahasiswa baru 2024. Kami berpartisipasi dalam penjurian lomba sebagai bagian dari Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM). Lomba dilaksanakan pada 12 September 2024 dan diikuti oleh lima kelompok. Atraksi yang ditampilkan oleh lima kelompok tersebut adalah budaya pertanian Suku Sunda, tarian Ketuk Tilu, prosesi tradisi bakakak hayam, sapintrong dan pencak silat. Aspek yang dinilai yaitu aksi panggung, materi dan penyampaian presentasi, serta umpan balik dari responden. Hasil penjurian menunjukkan bahwa pada dasarnya semua kelompok telah menampilkan atraksi budaya dengan baik, perlombaan ini telah memotivasi mahasiswa untu mempelajari budaya dan nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya. Hal ini terlihat dari materi presentasi dan cara penyampaian materi dengan baik. Dengan mengenal nilai-nilai budaya Sunda mahasiswa diharapkan dapat beradaptasi, memahami cara hidup, bahasa dan norma-norma sosial yang berlaku di tatar Sunda.

This study aims to explore the cultural heritage and social education of contemporary Nanjing Yun brocade by combing the historical background and traditional culture of Nanjing Yun brocade, combined with the current social and cultural background, this paper analyzes the inheritance status and problems of Nanjing Yun brocade in modern society. At the same time, from the perspective of social education, this paper discusses how Nanjing Yun brocade can promote the sustainable development of Nanjing Yun brocade through social education platforms, such as school education and community activities. At the same time, it can popularize brocade knowledge to the public, enhance people’s awareness and interest in traditional culture, and then promote cultural consciousness and self-confidence. This study uses qualitative analysis method, mainly using the concepts of “cultural heritage” and “social education”, using two research methods of literature research and field survey, and presenting in the form of descriptive analysis. The results show that through school education, community activities, media publicity and other channels, the public’s awareness and interest in Nanjing Yun brocade can be effectively improved, so as to promote the inheritance and development of brocade culture. At the same time, the cultural heritage of Nanjing Yun brocade has also promoted the innovation of social education. The innovation of brocade culture communication mode and the establishment of a perfect social support system can form a joint force to jointly promote the prosperity and development of brocade culture.

This article explores the fusion of contemporary Chinese landscape painting and Western Impressionist painting, emphasizing its cultural and educational implications. The integration of these two traditions arises from a broader process of cultural exchange, where traditional Chinese landscape painting serves as the foundation while selectively adopting Impressionist techniques such as vibrant colors, light, and dynamic brushwork. This process reflects the balance between preserving national identity and embracing global artistic trends. The study aims to analyze the similarities and differences between the two art forms, focusing on their use of symbols, techniques, and aesthetics while elucidating the role of contemporary Chinese landscape painting as a bridge between Eastern tradition and Western modernity. Through comparative analysis, the research examines the artistic characteristics of both styles, highlighting how Chinese artists absorb and reinterpret Impressionist influences to enrich their cultural expression. The findings demonstrate that this fusion gives rise to a novel art form that retains the spiritual essence of traditional Chinese painting while introducing modern visual elements, promoting cultural dialogue and innovation. This integration revitalizes traditional Chinese art, which holds educational value, fostering cultural literacy, creativity, and cross-cultural understanding in art education. Contemporary Chinese landscape painting inspires new artistic perspectives by serving as a conduit for cultural exchange. It reinforces the importance of blending tradition and modernity to address contemporary artistic and educational challenges.

The aims of this research are (i) to explore the value of integrating Guild Hall Building Culture in Southern Shaanxi into local university and (ii) to determine the strategies for integrating Guild Hall Building Culture in Southern Shaanxi into local university. This research is a qualitative study that uses tools such as document analysis, interviews, surveys, and focus group discussions to collect research data. From the perspective of cultural heritage conservation and cultural literacy education, the interaction and internal logic between the conservation of Guild Hall Building heritage and its inheritance in college education are analyzed. The value and strategy of integrating the Guild Hall Building’s architectural culture into the local colleges and universities will be explored in order to promote the dynamic, diversified conservation and inheritance of the Guild Hall Building’s architectural culture. The results of the study are presented in the form of a descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that Guild Hall Buildings in southern Shaanxi have rich cultural connotations and educational value. Integrating Guild Hall Building culture into college literacy education is an important way to protect and pass on architectural cultural heritage. It is not only an important and effective way to improve students’ cultural literacy and critical thinking, but also to strengthen students’ cultural identity and social responsibility. This study highlights the important role of education in heritage conservation by exploring the key issues intertwined between the conservation of Guild Hall Buildings in southern Shaanxi and literacy education. Additionally it lays a foundation for further research and practical application in the fields of heritage conservation and literacy education, and provides new insights and ideas for promoting long-term public participation in heritage conservation.

The sheep wrestling competition, deeply rooted in Xinzhou’s multi-ethnic cultural integration and temple fair traditions, is an artifact of China’s intangible cultural heritage, embodying rich historical, cultural, and social value. This traditional practice, characterized by its performative, competitive, and fitness-oriented nature, has evolved into a unique form of bodily practice and performing art. However, with rapid urbanization, the decline of rural populations, and the rise of modern entertainment, its cultural prominence has diminished, further exacerbated by insufficient mass communication and a lack of public literacy regarding its heritage value. This study explores the historical foundations, technical practices, and cultural significance of sheep wrestling, examining its dual role as both a performing art and an educational medium. The research highlights its potential to foster social identity and cultural literacy through a multidisciplinary approach combining historical analysis, performance theory, and a case study of the Xinzhou Sheep Wrestling Festival. While findings reveal challenges such as inadequate theoretical exploration, declining intergenerational transmission, and limited engagement from younger generations, the study emphasizes the need for innovative inheritance strategies. These include integrating sheep wrestling into educational frameworks, enhancing its visibility through digital media, and modernizing its cultural presentation to align with contemporary societal values. By addressing these challenges, the study underscores the significance of sheep wrestling as a vital cultural artifact and proposes pathways for its sustainable preservation and broader educational impact.

This study examines the modernization and transformation of Liangshan Yi lacquerware in China, focusing on its cultural identity and the role of literacy. As a vital symbol of the Yi people's material culture, this traditional craft embodies rich cultural values and aesthetic sensibilities. However, amidst societal changes, technological advancements, and external cultural influences, Liangshan Yi lacquerware faces both challenges and opportunities. To sustain its relevance, this heritage must adapt and innovate to meet contemporary demands. By combining qualitative research and creative practice, the study investigates how literacy-the ability to convey cultural narratives through craft-supports the preservation and evolution of Yi lacquerware. It offers insights and strategies for its sustainable development while contributing to the broader discourse on modernizing traditional crafts.

The objectives of this study are (i) to explore the History, Development, and Current Situation of Nanyang Dushan Jade and (ii) to investigate the Literacy Education and Local Wisdom of Nanyang Dushan Jade Carving from the perspective of Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection. This research is a qualitative study that mainly uses the concepts of Literacy Education and Local Wisdom. It adopts two data collection methods, literature research, and field research, and is presented in the form of Descriptive Analysis. The research results show that Dushan Jade is a rare Jade mineral resource in Nanyang, China, with a long history. With the development of society, the improvement of the audience’s cognitive level, and the continuous inheritance and innovation of Jade Carving Techniques, a rich and colorful Nanyang Jade Culture and Local Wisdom have been derived. Under the demand for Contemporary Aesthetics, Nanyang Dushan Jade has been further developed regarding production Technology, Product Types, and Literacy Education. This study explores the Local Wisdom and Literacy Education Model, Principles, and Strategies of Nanyang Dushan Jade in its historical development from the Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection perspective. This is of great value in enriching theoretical research on Literacy Education and Promoting the Protection, Inheritance, Innovation, and Development of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage.

Xi’an Drum Music, a traditional folk wind and percussion music originating in Shaanxi Province, China, is a rich cultural heritage known for its intricate rhythms, evocative melodies, and narrative depth. This study investigates the role of Xi’an Drum Music in promoting literacy and cultural awareness among young learners by integrating this traditional art form into educational practices. Conducted in primary schools in Xi’an, the study utilized a qualitative approach involving classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with educators, and focus group discussions with students. Key informants included scholars, performers, and students engaged in preserving Xi’an Drum Music. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, identifying themes related to literacy engagement, cultural awareness, and pedagogical challenges. Findings reveal that the rhythmic and lyrical elements of Xi’an Drum Music significantly improve literacy skills, such as phonemic awareness and reading comprehension while fostering cultural pride and identity among learners. However, resource constraints and limited teacher training hinder broader implementation. The study suggests developing standardized teaching materials, providing professional development for educators, and fostering collaborations between schools and cultural institutions. These measures can enhance the integration of traditional arts into modern education, ensuring cultural preservation and educational innovation.

This study investigates the preservation of the literacy of musical instruments from the Shang Dynasty, emphasizing their cultural, ritual, and political significance in the Central Plains of ancient China. Excavated instruments such as xuns, qings, yongs, and bronze bells offer profound insights into the dynasty’s advanced craftsmanship, hierarchical social structure, and the integration of music into religious and political practices. Archaeological sites, including Yinxu, Liulige, Subutun, and Qianzhaodacun, highlight the geographic diversity and cultural exchange inherent in Shang musical traditions. These instruments embody cultural literacy through their ritualistic use, political literacy in their association with social stratification, and technological literacy in their sophisticated design and metallurgical techniques. Their preservation ensures that the knowledge systems and societal values embedded within these instruments remain accessible for future research. The preservation of these artifacts is essential to safeguarding the literacy they carry about Shang society’s values, beliefs, and innovations. By addressing challenges in conservation and ensuring their accessibility for future study, these instruments continue to enrich our understanding of ancient Chinese civilization and its enduring influence.

settings can inspire younger generations to engage with the art form (Gong et al., 2024). Systematic documentation of its techniques, repertoires, and historical development is essential to safeguarding its legacy. Additionally, revitalizing performances through modern media and creative adaptations can increase public interest and ensure the art form's relevance in contemporary society (Shun & Boonsrianun, 2023; Luo, 2018; Wang, 2022) The research aims to highlight strategies for its preservation and transmission. The importance of collective efforts to protect the Jinqian Ban as a cultural treasure; the preservation and transmission of the Jinqian Ban are not merely about saving a traditional art form. They are about preserving a piece of history, culture, and identity. By understanding and supporting the sustainability of Jinqian Ban, society gains invaluable insights into the richness and diversity of Chinese folk culture. This effort also highlights the broader importance of cultural heritage preservation to foster cultural continuity and identity in an ever-changing world. Research Question • How can the preservation and transmission of Jinqian Ban in Chengdu City,

This study investigates the literacy practices of preserving and transmitting Liuqin Opera in Suining County, Jiangsu Province, China. Liuqin Opera, a traditional Chinese drama originating in the mid-Qing Dynasty, faces challenges in modern society due to shifting cultural interests and digital entertainment advancements. This research highlights the significance of historical and educational literacy in understanding and maintaining Liuqin Opera’s cultural heritage. By integrating Liuqin Opera into school curricula and community programs, we can foster a deeper appreciation and participation among younger generations. The study employs qualitative research methods, including ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, archival research, and thematic analysis, to explore the experiences and strategies of four key informants involved in Liuqin Opera. Findings underscore the importance of master-apprentice relationships, rehearsal techniques, and digital literacy in preserving and promoting Liuqin Opera. Digital tools and social media are identified as crucial for engaging younger audiences and expanding the opera’s reach. This study suggests that a balanced approach combining traditional and modern methods, along with collaboration with government agencies and cultural institutions, is essential for the sustainability of Liuqin Opera. The insights could inform strategies for other traditional art forms facing similar challenges.

This is the Chapter 1 of the book TOURISM & PLACE.  The search for meaning is part of human nature and of daily life. This aspect of human behaviour extends to tourism since, for many tourists, the vacation is also a search for what is meaningful. Tourism & Place is about how visitors seek meaning from a place and the way that the seeking of meaning is relevant to their tourist experience. The book contends that the meanings associated with place can be broadly categorised into six types or ‘dimensions’. Namely: (i) History and narrative (ii) Local life and local identity (iii) Appreciation of human activity and achievements (iv) Aesthetics and visual significance (v) Spirituality and religion (vi) Appreciation of the natural world. This and more are explained in this introductory chapter.

This paper sets out to examine the role of Western Australian state secondary schooling in linking the ideas of 'race' and ability in such a way 'as to justify very different educational experiences for Aboriginal students. The primary purpose is to unearth the ideological nature of school knowledge and how it operated to perpetuate the myth that Aboriginal students were intellectually, socially and culturally inferior compared to white students. Specifically, it examines the nature of the manual and domestic curriculum deemed suitable for the 'needs'. of Aboriginal boys and girls. The final part of the paper argues that Aboriginal students actively resisted European educational ideologies and .practices by not turning up to school'.

Despite being a popular form of reading worldwide, comics have been one of the most underutilized reading mediums in education. Recently recognized as exhibiting enormous potential for promoting and developing literacy in K-12 education in the United States the use of graphic novels, an expanded form of comics, have become immensely popular in the classroom. Educational application of comics worldwide remains surprisingly limited, if not absent from English language teaching. As literacy may no longer be defined from merely a singular perspective in technologically advanced societies, educators must seek innovative materials that appeal to the needs of students. Comics offer numerous visual cues that can eliminate singular dependence on text. The availability of these multimodal elements can heighten awareness and clarify meaning for language learners. This article examines the results and rationale of integrating comics in education in the United States and the advantages they may offer language learners throughout the world.

Educația interculturală este un domeniu de cunoaștere multi-și interdisciplinar extrem de complex, care are ca priorități fundamentale modelarea personalității umane în sensul înțelegerii, acceptării și valorificării personale a diferențelor culturale, etnice, religioase sau rasiale. În cadrul actualului peisaj european de imigrare și schimbare continuă, fluiditatea și retorica construcției identității necesită o educație pentru cetățenie care să se poată adapta acestui proces dinamic. Ne propunem să abordăm în acest articol alfabetizarea culturală care include un set de valori și dispoziții dezvoltate prin dialog și argumentare constructivă cu oameni, care reprezintă diferite identități culturale; include un set de aptitudini esențiale ale unui cetățean al secolului al XXI-lea în orice parte a lumii de astăzi, fiind o premisă a dezvoltării competenței interculturale la viitoarele cadre didactice. Cuvinte-cheie: educație interculturală, alfabetizare culturală, dialog intercultural, competență interculturală, diversitate socială, cadre didactice, studenți. Intercultural education is an extremely complex multi-and interdisciplinary field of knowledge, which has as its fundamental priorities the shaping of the human personality in the sense of understanding, acceptance and personal valorization of cultural, ethnic, religious or racial differences. Within the current European landscape of immigration and continuous change, the fluidity and rhetoric of identity construction requires a citizenship education that can adapt to this dynamic process. We aim to address in this article cultural literacy which includes a set of values and dispositions developed through dialogue and constructive argumentation with people who represent.

Blora" pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor apa saja yang menyebabkan kelompok seni karawitan Sekar Arum populer di masyarakat. Masalah yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini antara lain: 1. Mengapa kelompok seni karawitan Sekar Arum populer di masyarakat, 2. Bagaimana aktivitas kelompok seni karawitan Sekar Arum. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data diantaranya studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penyebab dari hidup-matinya sebuah seni pertunjukan disebabkan oleh perubahan politik, ekonomi, selera masyarakat penikmat, dan tidak mampu bersaing dengan bentuk-bentuk pertunjukan yang lain. Popularitas merupakan salah satu hal pokok dalam mempertahankan eksistensi kelompok seni karawitan Sekar Arum agar keberadaannya tetap di akui. Hal ini dipengaruhi dari beberapa faktor, diantaranya faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi organisasi dan fasilitas, sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi dukungan pemerintah dan dukungan masyarakat. Aktivitas kegiatan yang ada dapat meningkatkan kekompakan pada setiap anggota kelompok seni karawitan Sekar Arum. Aktivitas yang dimaksud adalah latihan rutin, latihan untuk pentas, dan kesejahteraan anggota.

The following discussion acknowledges that globalisation and increased migration has led to greater cultural diversity in our cities, and that modernist architectural and urban planning practices have led to less diversity and more homogeny in the built form of our cities. Therefore, this paper explores the concepts of “Planning Culturally” and associated Cultural Literacy which requires urban Planners and Designers to gain greater cultural awareness and competency to address the needs of diverse populations.
If we accept that culture is that which gives meaning to our lives, then everything we do will have a cultural dimension. As Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO states Culture lies at the heart of urban renewal and innovation. Therefore, culture should be at the very centre of theorising and thinking about cities, not just about social or civic life but also about the environment, infrastructure and economics of the city. The discussion will outline the findings from my research into both the theory and practice of “Planning Culturally”, and how it can be applied in the contemporary built environment context to address the needs of our increasingly diverse populations. I will argue that the concept of Planning Culturally should place culture at the centre of all thinking on urban development.

Quantitative analysis is a method of research that involves gathering, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data using statistical techniques. It is particularly useful in f ields such as economics, psychology, and sociology where studying human behav ior and social phenomena involves complex relationships that cannot be captured with qualitative methods alone. Through surveys, experiments, and secondary sources, researchers can gather reliable data that can be analyzed using statistical techniques such as regression analysis, t-tests, ANOVA, and chi- square tests. The results obtained through quantitative analysis can inform decision- making processes in domains such as policymaking, business strategy, and healthcare. This chapter focuses on the statistical analysis used in quantitative research within the social sciences domain. By exploring these methods, we can gain a better understanding of how data is analyzed and interpreted to derive meaningful insights and conclusions.

This study explores the integration of Peony Porcelain, a traditional Chinese art form renowned for its intricate craftsmanship and cultural significance, into educational applications to enhance cultural art literacy. The primary objective is to investigate the cultural art literacy of Peony Porcelain in educational applications. The research was conducted in Luoyang City, the center of Peony Porcelain production, using qualitative methods, including field surveys, interviews, and observations. A total of 39 informants participated in the study, comprising porcelain artisans, key informants, general informants, and casual informants, all of whom have firsthand experience with Peony Porcelain. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that Peony Porcelain enhances historical literacy by connecting individuals with Chinese cultural heritage while promoting visual and artistic literacy through its detailed designs and vibrant color symbolism. Furthermore, creative literacy was fostered through hands-on crafting and interdisciplinary projects that combined traditional art with contemporary approaches. Challenges identified in the study include limited awareness among educators and insufficient resources for incorporating traditional art forms into educational curricula. The study suggests the need for enhanced training and resources to support the effective integration of Peony Porcelain, ensuring that cultural heritage is preserved and passed on through modern educational frameworks.

Wuyue ceremonial Chinese folk songs, historically performed during sacrificial ceremonies, represent a significant part of China’s intangible cultural heritage. These songs are deeply rooted in ancient Chinese religious practices and are important for preserving cultural identity. This study investigates the literacy transmission practices that contribute to the preservation of Wuyue ceremonial folk songs. The research focuses on how written and digital forms of documentation can complement the oral traditions traditionally used to transmit Wuyue. The study was conducted in Qinghai Province, where Wuyue originated, involving three key informants, including cultural scholars, educators, and local performers deeply engaged in preserving Wuyue. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and document analysis, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results highlight the declining prevalence of Wuyue due to modernization and generational disengagement. However, the shift towards literacy-based transmission, including written documentation and digital archiving, has played a crucial role in preserving Wuyue. Educational programs and digital platforms offer promising avenues for revitalizing this tradition. The study suggests further integration of Wuyue into formal education and the development of innovative digital strategies to engage younger generations. These findings provide valuable insights into balancing modernization with cultural heritage preservation.

Henan Dadiao Quzi is classified as Quyi, a folk art form between song and traditional opera, emphasizing music and narrative more strongly than dramatic performance. This study investigates the role of Henan Dadiao Quzi in enhancing Quyi Opera literacy in contemporary Chinese education. Incorporating this traditional art form into school curricula can promote cultural, musical, and ethical literacy among students. Conducted in Nanyang, Henan Province, the study involved two key informants with over 20 years of experience in Henan Dadiao Quzi and one general informant, experienced in teaching and performing the art form. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, with thematic analysis used to identify key themes. The findings reveal that Henan Dadiao Quzi significantly enhances students’ understanding of cultural narratives, musical structures, and ethical values, thus promoting a deeper engagement with Chinese heritage. However, the study also identifies challenges in integrating traditional opera into modern educational frameworks, particularly in adapting the art form to contemporary teaching methods. Suggestions for future research include comparative analyses of other traditional art forms and the development of curriculum models that better incorporate traditional arts into contemporary education.

Liu Sanjie Ge Yao, a significant cultural artifact among the Zhuang people in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, faces challenges due to modernization and globalization, threatening its continuity. The primary objective is to investigate and analyze Chinese folk music literacy through the transmission and preservation on the Liu Sanjie Ge Yao folk music within the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The research was conducted in the Hechi area of Guangxi, which is known for its rich cultural traditions. Four key informants, including a folk artist, cultural preservationist, educator, and community leader, were interviewed, and data were collected through participant observation during cultural events and document analysis of relevant archival materials. The study employed a qualitative research methodology, with thematic analysis revealing that integrating Liu Sanjie Ge Yao into formal and informal educational settings significantly enhances folk music literacy. However, challenges such as the generational gap in interest and the declining effectiveness of traditional transmission methods were also identified. The study suggests that innovative approaches, including using digital platforms and blending traditional and contemporary musical elements, are essential for the sustainable preservation of Liu Sanjie Ge Yao. Future research should explore the longitudinal impacts of educational programs and strategies to engage younger generations.

Chizhou Nuo Opera is a sacrificial folk opera performance organized by clans, characterized by mask-wearing performances, and aimed at “worshiping gods and ancestors, praying for blessings and eliminating disasters” (He, 2012). There are many taboos in ritual performances. These human-imposed taboos not only maintain the sacredness of the rituals, but also play an important role in cultural literacy education. This study explores the taboos in the ritual performance of Chizhou Nuo Opera and its role in cultural literacy education. This study was conducted in Guichi District, Chizhou City, where Nuo Opera is prevalent, and adopted a multidimensional approach that included documentation, interviews with key informants such as inheritors, Nuo Opera artists, cultural experts and villagers, as well as thematic analysis of data collected through participatory and non-participatory observation methods. This study discovered the taboos in Chizhou Nuo Opera rituals regarding language, behavior, gender, time and space, and further uncovered the profound insights of taboos in cultural literacy education such as etiquette, shame, occupation, health, knowledge, and civilization. This study also explored the performance process of Chizhou Nuo Opera and the cultural significance of taboos. This research has important value both in terms of identifying taboo culture and promoting cultural literacy education within the community. Based on these findings, this research suggests that all stakeholders should work together to integrate excellent traditional cultural education and promote cultural literacy.

Tuojiang Haozi, a traditional Chinese folk song from the Tuojiang River Basin in Sichuan Province, China, holds significant cultural value as it originates from the labor chants of boatmen navigating the Tuojiang River. This study explores the literacy preservation and transmission of Tuojiang Haozi amidst rapid modernization and changing socio-economic landscapes. The research objective is to investigate literacy preservation and transmission of the Tuojiang Haozi Chinese folk song in Sichuan Province, China. The study involved qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews with three key informants: an ethnic music composer and researcher, a native resident and inheritor, and a follower of a renowned Tuojiang Haozi researcher. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observations, followed by thematic analysis to identify key themes related to cultural and musical literacy, community engagement, and academic practices. The results highlight the challenges of preserving Tuojiang Haozi in the face of modernization and the declining relevance of traditional vocations while emphasizing the potential of educational integration and digital technology in sustaining this cultural heritage. The study suggests the need for innovative community engagement strategies and further research on the role of digital platforms in preserving intangible cultural heritage.

This study investigates the historical development and literacy of Meihua Dagu, a traditional Chinese folk music form rooted in the cultural heritage of Tianjin, China. Meihua Dagu’s evolution from an aristocratic pastime to a popular folk art reflects a dynamic cultural adaptation and resilience process. The research examines how historical events, cultural shifts, and socio-political changes have influenced Meihua Dagu’s literacy, encompassing performance skills, historical knowledge, and cultural appreciation. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, the study involved fieldwork, interviews with six informants, and a literature review. Key findings highlight the significant impact of historical disruptions like the Cultural Revolution, alongside the art form’s revival through modern pedagogical strategies and technological integration. The analysis of musical characteristics, including melody, rhythm, and mode, underscores the rich and nuanced literacy of Meihua Dagu, further enriched by the transition from Old to New Meihua Dagu. The role of educators and community support in sustaining Meihua Dagu’s literacy across generations is emphasized. The study’s recommendations for future research include comparative studies with other Chinese folk music forms, the impact of digital media, interdisciplinary approaches, and longitudinal studies. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of Meihua Dagu and its role in preserving Chinese cultural heritage.

This research examines the literacy and knowledge transmission of Huaci Yaogu, focusing on educational strategies and practices in Henan, China. The study employed a qualitative research methodology, which entailed conducting interviews and making observations. The study highlights multiple methods teachers’ colleges in Henan Province implemented to support this traditional musical art form’s research, preservation, and promotion. By integrating Huaci Yaogu into music elective courses and organizing specialized seminars, the curriculum aims to broaden students’ understanding and appreciation of regional musical traditions. Additionally, constructing a scientifically sound training curriculum system ensures comprehensive coverage of performance techniques, production technology, traditional technical training, and theoretical courses. The study also emphasizes the importance of extracurricular folk art practice activities, which enhance students’ professional quality and foster a proactive learning environment. By participating in these activities, students gain hands-on experience and develop a deeper understanding of Huaci Yaogu, leading to more effective transmission of literacy and knowledge. The research concludes that integrating well-rounded curricula, practical training, and innovative methodologies significantly contributes to the preservation and dissemination of Huaci Yaogu, ensuring future generations appreciate its cultural and historical value.

Qiqiao songs, originating from the Qiqiao Festival, celebrate the annual meeting of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl and serve as vessels of cultural storytelling, rich in linguistic structures and moral teachings. The objective of this research is to explore the educational potential of Chinese Qiqiao songs as tools for literacy, with a specific focus on the “Ying Qiao Ge” song. The study took place in Jiangyao Village, Xihe County, Gansu Province, and used qualitative methods. It included semi-structured interviews with seven informants, including scholars, cultural inheritors, teachers, and community members, and field observations of Qiqiao festivals. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, revealing that the song’s musical characteristics and lyrical content significantly contribute to vocabulary acquisition and comprehension while fostering cultural appreciation. The results indicate that integrating Qiqiao songs into educational practices creates an engaging learning environment that respects students’ cultural identities. This research advocates for incorporating traditional songs in curricula to enrich literacy education and preserve cultural heritage. Suggestions for future research include exploring the long-term impacts of Qiqiao songs on literacy development across diverse educational contexts and enhancing educator training for effective integration.

This is the final issue of IJELS in 2024, volume 12. Our articles in the current issue cover five areas of literacy, including, linguistic literacy, music and art literacy, and digital literacy. Our authors in this issue come from China, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, and Turkey.

Cultural literacy, as a set of values and dispositions developed through dialogue and constructive argumentation with people representing different cultural identities, is an essential skillset of a twenty-first-century citizen in any part of today's world. Especially within the current European landscape of continuous immigration and change, the fluidity and rhetoricity of identity construction require a notion of citizenship education that can adapt to this dynamic process. Moreover, the practical aspects of being a citizen in its authentic, global, democratic sense are not sufficiently emphasized within current curricula. In this paper, we present an innovative citizenship education curriculum based on dialogic, argumentative and cultural literacy skills, which addresses this gap through proposing discursive practices of cultural identity construction at a collaborative level (small group or whole class) inspired by wordless texts (picture books and animated films) on core civic cultural values such as tolerance, empathy and inclusion. Through applying a design-based research methodology with teachers from three education levels and four European countries, we conclude that dialogic lesson plans aiming at the development of cultural literacy dispositions can act as an innovative and adaptive citizenship education curriculum in diverse contexts.

Cultural literacy, as a set of values and dispositions developed through dialogue and constructive argumentation with people representing different cultural identities, is an essential skillset of a twenty‐first‐century citizen in any part of today's world. Especially within the current European landscape of continuous immigration and change, the fluidity and rhetoricity of identity construction require a notion of citizenship education that can adapt to this dynamic process. Moreover, the practical aspects of being a citizen in its authentic, global, democratic sense are not sufficiently emphasized within current curricula. In this paper, we present an innovative citizenship education curriculum based on dialogic, argumentative and cultural literacy skills, which addresses this gap through proposing discursive practices of cultural identity construction at a collaborative level (small group or whole class) inspired by wordless texts (picture books and animated films) on core ci...

Penguasaan matematika siswa di Papua Barat di bandingkan dengan siswa dari provinsi lain masih jauh tertinggal. Diperlukan berbagai upaya pendekatan pembelajaran matematika untuk memacu peningkatan penguasaan matematika siswa mengingat penguasaan matematika penting dalam kehidupan siswa. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kesulitan siswa belajar matematika adalah melakukan integrasi budaya (etnomatematika) ke dalam kurikulum matematika formal. Sebagai langkah awal perlu dilakukan suatu eksplorasi konsep-konsep matematika yang tersirat dalam suatu budaya untuk kemudian dikaitkan dengan topik-topik pembelajaran yang relevan. Sero ( set net ) termasuk alat penangkap ikan jenis perangkap ( traps ) yang ditanam di dasar laut. Di Kampung Sisir Distrik Kokas Kabupaten Fakfak Provinsi Papua Barat, sero yang dikembangkan secara tradisional, secara turun temurun, memiliki ukuran yang cukup besar dan simetris. Hal ini menjadi sebuah fenomena matematika yang menginspirasi untuk dijadikan sebagai s...

The textbook Researching Literary Tourism: A Handbook for Students and
Supervisors is intended for students and supervisors, offering basic knowledge and guidelines for successful research in literary tourism. The textbook begins with an introduction to basic terms and concepts, enabling students to understand the context and importance of literary tourism. The authors provide specific examples and guidelines and propose qualitative and quantitative research methods, aiming to encourage students to plan their own studies and engage in field research.
The goal is to develop key research skills in literary tourism, such as data collection, analysis, critical thinking, and writing. Researching the interdisciplinary field of literary tourism, which has certain special characteristics, can significantly contribute to the development of tourist destinations, the promotion of cultural heritage, and sustainable economic development.

STEM-IK integration offers a promising approach to improving access to quality STEM education in rural Indonesian schools while promoting cultural literacy and pride among students. By employing a combination of in-school and out-of-school pedagogical strategies, teachers can ensure that indigenous knowledge and STEM contents are well connected so that it is effective to achieve the desired objectives of STEM-IK integration amidst the possible challenges.

The University community owes a considerable debt of grati tude to Owen and Betty Fletcher for their imagination, initiative and generosity, to Helen Gregory for her skilful and careful re search, and to many others who have worked unselfishly in order to produce this book. I am confident that Helen Gregory's research will become a source of challenge for further exploration into the lives and work of the outstanding men and women who played such a large part in pointing the University in those directions which have taken it to a leading position among the centres of learning in this country.

This research focused on parameters of online reviews that affect business travelers` attitude and subjective norm on intention to purchase. The sub-constructs of attitude include: the quality of offered service, the value of money, hotel business facility, hotel security, food and beverage, and service recovery. Panel database, which was provided by Qualtrics, was used to examine the hypotheses of this study. Data was collected from 275 business travelers who stayed at a hotel in the last six months and read e-comments in advance of the purchase. Results of hypotheses testing indicated that quality of offered service, the value of money, and subjective norm have a positive effect on business travelers` intention to purchase. The findings of this research can help both hoteliers and online-review website operators. Since business travelers are considered an important target market in the hotel industry, hoteliers need to put more emphasis on these factors to attract more business tr...

The study aims to consider the literary philosophy behind theprocess of acquiring a standard of knowledge and culture through literatureand specifically tragedies. It tries to show with details the merits of dealingwith literary classes in the process of teaching English at college grade. Thestudy presents Miller's Death of a Salesman as an example to improve andupdate the learner's knowledge and culture. The mechanism of teaching dramawill not be discussed as it may deviate the reader towards other criteria that arenot sought by the study because the purpose is purely literature.

The world's geopolitical conflicts and ideological pluralism of society raise the importance of cultural literacy development in the micro and macro relations of different nations. After the Second World War, nations formed the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisations (UNESCO), to learn peaceful coexistence based on cultural values. Latvia as a UNESCO Member State since 1991, together with 25 European Union countries, developed a handbook on cultural awareness and expression in 2016, and in 2023-a material for promoting cultural literacy among young people. Latvians' love for their nation, language, and cultural heritage helped found their own country, Latvia, in 1918 and later, in 1991, to restore it, preserving its freedom to this day. In both historical periods and now, there have been minorities in Latvia. From 2023 onwards, education for them will be exclusively in Latvian. Therefore, in education and the socio-cultural environment, cultural literacy should be developed through the preservation of historical memory, patriotic education. The aim of the theoretical research is to find out the genesis of the concept of cultural literacy in relation to education in the socio-cultural environment of the foundingrestoration period of the Latvian state. Using a quantitative method of systemic literature analysis; in the stage of qualitative analysis of historical documents, periodical content analysis, and data interpretation, it was concluded that the concept of cultural literacy in the

This chapter explores developments in and prospects for the online archival storage and retrieval of oral history interviews-with a focus on experiences and projects in Germany. The introductory section examines the contemporary history research method, oral history, which has led to extensive collections of interviews with witnesses of different historical periods, including survivors of Nazi persecution. To characterize the nature of oral history interviews, attention is given to their narrative form and the biographical dimension. Emphasizing the specific value of this material, the authors discuss the demands involved in archiving such material framed by the expectations on both sides, witnesses as interview partners and researchers and other interested persons as archive users. A German example for state-ofthe-art online archiving strategies called the "Forced Labor 1939-1945. Memory and History" archive, is presented, outlining the technical challenges and research features as well as research functionality and further enhancements. Possible avenues for further development within the field are outlined: a meta-search engine covering multiple databases and an open online archive. A crucial ethical question is also presented in this chapter: How can a responsible online access policy ensure the protection of the contemporary witnesses' personal rights?

This chapter analyzes a thematic tourist park using a logarithmic model. The study shows that the application of the model allows the management of different routes to optimize waiting times and take advantage of the time allocated to the fun. The theoretical concepts were Dijkstra Algorithms. The investigation is exploratory in a single place. The data were obtained during the stay in the park of the year 2018 and was concentrated on a database. The research concludes that the application using the Dijkstra Algorithm on a mobile dispositive can determine the best places to visit and improve the experience in a thematic park.

Chinese court music from the Zhou Dynasty holds immense cultural and historical significance, reflecting ancient China’s sophisticated societal ethos, rituals, and values. The study’s objective is to investigate the reviving of literacy in Chinese court music from the Zhou Dynasty at a University in China. The study encompasses a comprehensive literature review exploring ancient Chinese music, educational practices, and cultural preservation efforts. The research primarily focuses on the efforts made at a university in China to reconstruct and promote ancient court music, collaborating with cultural institutions like museums and performance venues. Three key informants include experts in Chinese court music, educators specializing in ancient music education, and students engaged in court music programs. Data analysis involves thematic analysis of qualitative data gathered through observation forms, interview forms, and questionnaires. The research results reveal the significant educational role of court music in moral education, virtue cultivation, and societal harmony. Suggestions for future research include exploring innovative pedagogical approaches, expanding collaborative partnerships, and evaluating long-term sustainability strategies for preserving Chinese court music heritage.

This research employs a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating musicology and ethnomusicology, to explore the cultural significance of Huaibang Opera—a traditional Chinese Han ethnic local opera genre in Henan province, China. The investigation encompasses the historical evolution, cultural contexts, and musical attributes of Huaibang Opera, aiming to contribute to education, literacy, and a deeper comprehension of this traditional art form. The methodology involves interviews with key informants possessing profesional experience in Huaibang Opera, coupled with live performance observations. Through the analysis of collected data and its alignment with existing literature and theoretical frameworks, the study delineates the evolution of Huaibang Opera from a folk song art form to a prototype opera and its subsequent establishment as a local opera. This comprehensive examination sheds light on the cultural and artistic dimensions of education and literacy within Huaibang Opera, providing valuable insights into the historical significance, artistic expressions, and cultural heritage of this distinctive Chinese opera.

Si Zhu Yue music is a traditional Chinese folk music genre characterized by stringed and bamboo wind instruments. It originates from the Yangtze River basin in China. This study aims to propose guidelines for transmitting literacy studies in traditional Chinese folk music in Si Zhu Yue. We synthesize literature to provide insights into the cultural heritages. Three key informants with expertise in Si Zhu Yue music, educational settings, and cultural preservation efforts were purposefully selected to provide diverse perspectives on Si Zhu Yue music’s transmission and literacy studies. Data analysis involved qualitative approaches to identify recurring themes, patterns, and insights from interviews and observations. The findings highlight the significance of integrating cultural values into planning processes, the challenges of preservation in the face of modernization and globalization, and the need for innovative approaches to safeguard intangible cultural heritage. Recommendations include prioritizing cultural heritage preservation in planning policies and adopting interdisciplinary approaches to address the complexities of cultural sustainability planning.

Yongning River Boatman Work Songs are traditional folk music from the Yongning River region, performed by boatmen for practical purposes during laborious tasks. The study’s objective is to investigate the promotion of education and literacy through the preservation of the Yongning River Boatman Work Song. Three key informants, including an inheritor of intangible cultural heritage, an academic expert, and a cultural heritage preservationist, provide comprehensive insights into this multifaceted topic. Data was analyzed thematically using a mixed-methods approach, including in-depth interviews, document analysis, and observations. The findings highlight the transformative power of these songs as educational tools, bridging the past and present, fostering cultural identity, and enabling multifaceted learning. Additionally, community collaboration among local individuals, cultural centers, educational institutions, and government authorities plays a pivotal role in preserving and promoting these songs. Successful initiatives for engaging the younger generation ensure the intergenerational transmission of this cultural heritage. This research suggests that cultural preservation, education, and community involvement are intertwined elements that can enrich education and enhance literacy while safeguarding intangible cultural heritage.

The study focuses on the preservation and literacy transmission of Xinyang Folk Songs by Fu Dakun in Henan, China. Fu Dakun, a well-known figure in the field of Xinyang Folk Songs, has played an important role in preserving this cultural heritage. His father and grandfather guided his education, performance, and training from when he was born in 1949 until 1965. His commitment to preserving Xinyang Folk Songs persisted even as he worked as a farmer from 1980 to 1990. In 1990, he formed a folk song-singing ensemble to ensure these songs were passed down to future generations. Fu Dakun’s intense training enabled him to master conventional voice techniques while establishing his unique style. With over 50 years of practical experience, he broadened the repertoire of Xinyang Folk Songs while retaining their traditional spirit. He received distinguished titles and honors for his significant contribution to the organization of folk song collections. Fu Dakun’s dedication to training new generations of folk singers strengthens his contribution to preserving Xinyang Folk Songs. The paper also addresses the broader context of cultural preservation, highlighting the significance of government policies in promoting such projects.

The Poya Songbook, an integral part of Zhuang traditional culture, embodies rich music and folklore passed down through generations. This study aims to examine the historical development and literacy transmission of the Poya Songbook for education and literacy studies in Funing County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Drawing upon a combination of ethnographic methods and semiotic analysis, the research delves into the intricate journey of the Poya Songbook, contrasting its state before and after the pivotal year 2006, when it received official recognition as an intangible cultural heritage. Three key informants, deeply rooted in the local cultural milieu, provide valuable insights into the songbook’s transformation, its role in education, and the challenges of preserving its authenticity amidst modern influences. The data analysis discerns shifts in transmission methods, content, and performance, shedding light on the evolving relationship between tradition and cultural identity. The findings underscore the importance of balancing preservation with adaptation to ensure the continued vitality of this cherished cultural heritage. Suggestions for the sustained safeguarding of the Poya Songbook include innovative educational initiatives that integrate its teachings into contemporary curricula, fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of Zhuang cultural identity.

Safe space, used in educational settings as a metaphor, stresses the importance of the classroom being a learning environment characterised by respect and safety. Based on examples from Swedish and Norwegian classroom research, this article problematises and discusses the complexity in the discourse on safe space by asking the critical questions: Being safe from what?and safe for whom? Related to the concept of safe space are questions about what possibly can make the classroom an unsafe place. In addition to various types of intimidation, harassment and attacks, discussions about certain issues and topics can, for various reasons, be perceived as threatening. The school is part of society, and in an increasingly polarised climate, controversial issues in contemporary society will often be perceived as controversial in classroom practice. In this sense, instead of giving students false promises of being safe in the Religious Education (RE) classroom, the concept 'classroom of disagreement' may be a useful metaphor, since it makes it explicitly clear that disagreements exist and are part of life.

Although not a new discussion in the Irish context, the value of oral language development has recently gained prominence again in Irish Post-Primary English classrooms. In this article we present how the recent introduction of Junior Cycle English, which now includes an Oral Communication Classroom Based Assessment (CBA) is renewing efforts to promote speaking and listening and has the potential to change teachers' understanding of assessment in English. The rationale for this change is presented here from the perspectives of the different stakeholders in Irish Education; educational researchers, policymakers, the Inspectorate, teachers and students. To cite the Junior Cycle Framework: 'until the examination changes, nothing else will' (NCCA 2011: 6). However, past efforts to implement an oral assessment element illustrate how change is complex and fostering an awareness of the centrality of 'classroom talk' involves a cultural shift for the teachers implementing the Junior Cycle English Specification.