Controlled Vocabularies

A central goal of behavioral medicine is the creation of evidence-based interventions for promoting behavior change. Scientific knowledge about behavior change could be more effectively accumulated using "ontologies." In information science, an ontology is a systematic method for articulating a "controlled vocabulary" of agreed-upon terms and their inter-relationships. It involves three core elements: (1) a controlled vocabulary specifying and defining existing classes; (2) specification of the inter-relationships between classes; and (3) codification in a computer-readable format to enable knowledge generation, organization, reuse, integration, and analysis. This paper introduces ontologies, provides a review of current efforts to create ontologies related to behavior change interventions and suggests future work. This paper was written by behavioral medicine and information science experts and was developed in partnership between the Society of Behavioral Medic...

This paper considers the use of controlled languages for query translation in a legislative document retrieval system. Problem statement and analysis of the approach are described. The use of controlled languages is motivated by the fact that precision is very important in our case. In many information retrieval systems, the use of unrestricted language resources such as general purpose machine translation or bilingual lexica, provides better recall at the expense of precision. Ambiguities and polysemy make the search engine retrieve irrelevant documents as semantic knowledge is missing. Controlled languages help to better specify the word sense according to the domain of interest. Thus ambiguities are avoided and polysemy is specified according to the domain. We will implement our idea in the area of VAT regulation in Europe.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a indexação realizada no Centro de Formação, Pesquisa e Memória Cultural – Casa do Carnaval, observando se os aspectos sociais são evidenciados ou considerados na elaboração de termos descritores. Discute o processo de indexação dentro do paradigma social da Ciência da Informação, adotando as teorias de Capurro (2003), Araújo (2010; 2012), Gil Leiva (2008), Lancaster (2004), entre outros. Metodologicamente, caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como método o estudo de caso. Os resultados obtidos demostram que não existe processo de indexação que considera a complexidade dos objetos culturais ou as nuances sociais que fazem parte do acervo presente na Casa de cultura. Por fim, considera que a pesquisa proporcionou maior abrangência teórica sobre a atividade do indexador, pois trouxe uma abordagem diferenciada das teorias tradicionais utilizadas no processo de indexação.Palavras-chave: Ciência da informaç...

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The decision to migrate digital objects from one digital asset management system to another creates an excellent opportunity to clean and standardize descriptive metadata. The processes involved in moving large amounts of data from one platform to another lend themselves to automated analysis and remediation of metadata problems. The University of Houston (UH) Libraries established a Digital Asset Management System (DAMS) Implementation Task Force in early 2014 to explore possibilities for implementing a more robust repository architecture for the UH Digital Library. During the digital asset management system testing process, the UH Libraries Metadata Services Coordinator developed a set of scripts to programmatically access the data in the UH Digital Library through the existing digital asset management system API, create reports that were used to identify and correct problems, and lay the foundation for publishing UH Digital Library metadata as linked data. This project report dis...

Humanities scholars can today engage in research inquiry using data from a range of varied collections which are often characterised by poor subject access, often resulting in systems that underperform and even effectively prevent access to data, information and knowledge. In spite of the availability of professional standards and guidelines to provide quality-controlled subject access through knowledge organisation systems (KOS), subject access in such collections is rarely based on KOS. At the same time, KOS themselves may come with problems such as being slow to update, being rigidly structured and not incorporating end-users' vocabulary. It may therefore be useful to consider methods for remediating these deficiencies in KOSs, such as collecting user-generated metadata via social tagging or complementing automated indexing techniques with manual ones. To help address the above problems, the paper discusses these challenges and points to possible solutions in different contexts. It does so by reflecting on an open educational resource (OER) devoted to this theme, titled Introduction to Knowledge Organisation Systems for Digital Humanities. It was developed as part of an EU project called DiMPAH (Digital Methods Platform for the Arts and Humanities), 2021-2023, creating seven OERs for inclusion in DARIAH Teach.

A central goal of behavioral medicine is the creation of evidence-based interventions for promoting behavior change. Scientific knowledge about behavior change could be more effectively accumulated using "ontologies." In information science, an ontology is a systematic method for articulating a "controlled vocabulary" of agreed-upon terms and their inter-relationships. It involves three core elements: (1) a controlled vocabulary specifying and defining existing classes; (2) specification of the inter-relationships between classes; and (3) codification in a computer-readable format to enable knowledge generation, organization, reuse, integration, and analysis. This paper introduces ontologies, provides a review of current efforts to create ontologies related to behavior change interventions and suggests future work. This paper was written by behavioral medicine and information science experts and was developed in partnership between the Society of Behavioral Medic...

Los vocabularios normalizados han sido las piezas medulares de la investigacion bibliografica, pero hay quienes consideran que los epigrafes organizados en cadenas de palabras son dificiles de comprender y utilizar. Esta situacion ha dado paso al desarrollo de FAST, una version deconstruida de los epigrafes LCSH. Paralelamente, gracias a las folksonomias desveladas por las redes sociales desarrolladas en Internet, las personas estan organizando la informacion segun sus preferencias particulares y compartiendo sus epigrafes o etiquetas. Delicious, un sistema de marcadores sociales, que permite etiquetar y compartir todo tipo de enlace electronico, es una de las herramientas que descubre el comportamiento de los usuarios a la hora de buscar informacion. En este trabajo se explora la estructura de los epigrafes seleccionados por los usuarios para etiquetar los enlaces que guardan en Delicious y la utilidad de esta herramienta para desarrollar epigrafes normalizados que se acerquen a la...

no de los aspectos más fascinantes y menos comprendidos de la catalogación bibliográfica es el desarrollo de vocabularios controlados, tipificados o normalizados. 1 El propósito del lenguaje controlado es agrupar diversos recursos informativos bajo un mismo concepto o nombre propio para reducir las opciones de búsqueda en catálogos e índices y facilitar la recuperación de información. En la configuración de dichos vocabularios se conjugan, entre otras disciplinas, la lexicografía, la semántica, la lexicología, la morfología, la sintaxis, la taxonomía y la lógica. La asignación de vocablos controlados es subjetiva. En algunos casos pueden seleccionarse términos de uso popular o términos científicos, dependiendo del tipo de usuario a quien vayan dirigidos. Además los vocablos no se seleccionan al azar. Los puntos de vista sociales, culturales y políticos también tienen un peso importante en la organización y búsqueda de información. Por otra parte, aunque los vocabularios normalizados aspiran a alcanzar un gran nivel de uniformidad, rara vez se obtiene el nivel óptimo y hay que admitir que broug tion and similar papers at core.ac.uk

"magazén | International Journal for Digital and Public Humanities" is the interdisciplinary journal of the Venice Centre for Digital and Public Humanities (VeDPH). It is indexed in Scopus, undergoes double-blind peer review, and is published twice per year in open access by Edizioni Ca’ Foscari. Counting renowned scholars among its advisory editors and authors, the journal covers the international debate and methodological discourse in the field of digital and public humanities as the basis for collaborative development of durable, reusable, and shared resources for research, learning, and public outreach. Over the years, the journal developed into an open platform for Digital Textual Scholarship, Digital and Public Art History, Digital and Public History, Digital Cultural Heritage, and Digital and Public Archaeology, covering a wide range of topics – Western and Eastern Europe, Middle and Far East, and the Americas. The Journal originated from a project funded by the Italian Ministry of Research and University (MIUR) based at the Department of Humanities at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. The name "magazén" refers to the historical definition of public houses in the Republic of Venice, which were thriving places of diverse human deeds, including information exchange, commercial bargains, and pawnshops.

Standard Full In December of 2017, a metadata working group was formed in response to answer a two-part problem. One was to determine the metadata workflow for digital collections being placed into the TAMU's digital repository. The other was to recommend metadata schema for the DAME, an ecosystem-based approach to digital asset management involving multiple computer programs, services, and databases. Although much of the focus was on how to handle workflow for digital projects and suggest metadata schema for two specific platforms (D-Space and Fedora), it soon became obvious to the task group that all metadata must be compatible with metadata in other systems within the DAME. Thus, we developed guidelines to encourage the consistent application of metadata and standards in order to maximize discovery and accessibility to our users, while also trying to be efficient with library resources. The Guidelines are organized into two main sections: "Core" metadata elements and "Non-core" elements.

This potent volume was Deloria\u27s final gift to his readers. He completed the final editing during a stay in the hospital a few days before his passing into the spirit world of his ancestors. He had made a career out of demonstrating the greater plausibility of Indian traditions and historical memories over against the usually dismissive explanations offered by colonial white academics, missionaries, and government officials. This volume carries on that work with aplomb. Here Deloria has collecled stories from a wide variety of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century ethnographies, stories of the wonderful accomplishments of Indian medicine men from a great variety of tribes, from Kiowa and Comanche to Dakota and Omaha. There are early descriptions of Ojibwe tent shaking ceremonies, Lakota lowanpi ceremonies, and all sorts of other occasions. These are stories of power used to change the weather, to bring success in battle, to impress white observers, or stories that were sim...

This essay illustrates the ALOA project promoted by ICCD, whose aim is the reconfiguration of the ministerial records for the architectural heritage of Italy with the help of novel information technologies (ontology engineering, controlled vocabularies, interactive interface design, etc.). By explaining every step of the design of the new instrument, it explores both the backstage and the final output of the new records. A panorama on the national and international experiences on both ontology-based databanks and controlled vocabularies is also offered, to better understand the relevance of the project.

This paper discusses the construction and the application of ontologies to educational systems in the Web. The Web in our days, with a huge number of sites, must have a significant change in the search models and the content understanding. For that, it is necessary to develop structured sites, where they use interactive and automatic tools (the idea of a machine-machine interaction). In many domains, it can be an important tool, as educational systems. This "new" web is called Semantic Web, and it uses ontologies to have a formal, explicit and sharing specification of concepts.

PurposeThe study aims to paint a representative picture of the current state of search interfaces of Swedish online museum collections, focussing on search functionalities with particular reference to subject searching, as well as the use of controlled vocabularies, with the purpose of identifying which improvements of the search interfaces are needed to ensure high-quality information retrieval for the end user.Design/methodology/approachIn the first step, a set of 21 search interface criteria was identified, based on related research and current standards in the domain of cultural heritage knowledge organization. Secondly, a complete set of Swedish museums that provide online access to their collections was identified, comprising nine cross-search services and 91 individual museums' websites. These 100 websites were each evaluated against the 21 criteria, between 1 July and 31 August 2020.FindingsAlthough many standards and guidelines are in place to ensure quality-controlled ...

A central goal of behavioral medicine is the creation of evidence-based interventions for promoting behavior change. Scientific knowledge about behavior change could be more effectively accumulated using "ontologies." In information science, an ontology is a systematic method for articulating a "controlled vocabulary" of agreed-upon terms and their inter-relationships. It involves three core elements: (1) a controlled vocabulary specifying and defining existing classes; (2) specification of the inter-relationships between classes; and (3) codification in a computer-readable format to enable knowledge generation, organization, reuse, integration, and analysis. This paper introduces ontologies, provides a review of current efforts to create ontologies related to behavior change interventions and suggests future work. This paper was written by behavioral medicine and information science experts and was developed in partnership between the Society of Behavioral Medic...

Leticia Barrionuevo Almuzara has a degree in Information Science from the University Carlos III of Madrid. She completed a doctorate on 'Knowledge Management and Transfer in the Organizations' and she is now writing her doctoral dissertation on evaluation of institutional repositories. She has been in charge of the Library of the Faculty of Humanities in the University of Leon from 2005, and she is the manager of Buleria, the institutional repository of the Leon University.

social tags matched with expert created subject headings. The frequency of use of the social tags that matched with LCSHs terms was higher than the non-matched ones. The expert created subject headings were highly ranked in the social tags' lists, where end users more frequently assigned social tags that represented broader or narrower terms than the cataloguers' assigned subject headings. In addition, the social tagging represented other aspects that could not be either covered within the strict subject headings assigned rules or cataloguing rules. Such diverse impressions can be seen as an access point to the same library collections according to users' interest and opinions. This study revealed that as a standalone tool neither the controlled vocabulary nor the social tagging practice can work like a satisfactory information retrieval tool. A hybrid catalogue with combining both LCSHs and social tags would give its patrons the best of both worlds in terms of access to materials. This kind of practice may give more significant outcome for local research or university libraries where the users are more concentrated on a defined number of disciplines. Adapting users' views in addition to controlled vocabulary through social tags may increase the efficiency of information retrieval process in library OPAC. This study implied both qualitative and quantitative support for the use of social tags in the library OPACs. The findings support many of the previous theories proposed in literature about social tagging and LCSHs. The qualitative analysis of social tags disclosed the diverse way of looking at the library resources by the end users in addition to subject descriptors.

Mainstream knowledge systems, classification schemas, and descriptive standards are firmly rooted in Western epistemologies which, more often than not, are inadequate, inappropriate, and inaccurate as methods for naming and describing Indigenous peoples, perspectives, and ways of knowing. Despite this, professionals in the field have been busy creating solutions to these problems by designing innovative tools and bespoke classification systems to serve as theoretical and practical models that can coexist within the larger infrastructures of the standard knowledge systems and technologies most widely used today. This paper offers depth and nuance to complex issues surrounding traditional methods for the description and presentation of cultural material related to native communities and Indigenous knowledge systems; explores the creation of alternative classification standards and metadata schemas; and investigates new digital platforms and tools that help facilitate the meaningful discovery of information for and about Indigenous peoples using both dominant and non-dominant knowledge systems and technologies.

Following the COAR-SPARC conference in Porto, the COAR Controlled Vocabularies Interest Group met on the 16 th of April 2015 and had a detailed discussion about the new set of COAR controlled vocabularies, while proposing detailed actions to solve the remaining issues (mainly in the Resource Type vocabulary). Echoing aspects discussed about sustainability and organization (long-term technical support), as well as dissemination and implementation of COAR controlled vocabularies, the immediate projection of these issues has seemed to be quite feasible on PHAIDRA International long-term ecosystem. Nowadays this OAI-PMH environment consists of fourteen Open Access repositories disseminating their contents to EUROPEANA, OpenAIRE, OAPENLibrary, e-infrastructures Austria, and national CRIS etc. PHAIDRA International is taking all necessary steps to be constantly aligned with Trusted Digital Repositories criteria and harmonized (technically and semantically) in line with COAR Roadmap: Future Directions for Repository Interoperability. The COAR Roadmap stresses that still many challenges remain with improving interoperability. These involve standardization of controlled vocabularies in use, as well as metadata and indicators, in connection with state-of-the-art interoperability approaches supporting Linked Open Data. There is an urgent need for PHAIDRA International to harmonize the encoding description (metadata properties) according to LOD-enabling strategies, and to adhere to multilingual COAR controlled vocabularies" shared registry (Knowledge Base) services. COAR Controlled Vocabularies can be easily implemented in PHAIDRA in fixed formats and mapped to related persistent RDF/SKOS versions.

Discorre sobre a representação do Conhecimento e da Informação e atesta a importância do indexador no processo de busca/recuperação da informação. Apresenta um breve histórico sobre a indexação, diferenciando a indexação pré-coordenada e pós-coordenada. Como metodologia na elaboração do artigo foi empregada a Revisão de Literatura. O trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre o profissional indexador e suas atividades no âmbito da recuperação da informação e sua importância para a sociedade da informação contemporânea. Conclui ressaltando a importância do permanente estudo da indexação por parte dos profissionais atuantes nesse processo, visando à melhoria da recuperação da informação e produção do conhecimento. Palavras-chave: Indexação pré-coordenada. Indexação pós-coordenada. Indexador. Recuperação da informação.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as tecnologias de Web Semântica e Linked Data, com o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação web que realiza uma modelagem de conhecimento, através do uso de ontologias e da linguagem RDF (Resource Description Framework). Foi utilizada uma ontologia/vocabulário de conhecimento público populada com dados oriundos de uma base relacional do Brasil. Os dados agregados foram convertidos para o formato RDF e disponibilizados em um banco de dados neste formato. Foi utilizado o servidor universal Virtuoso® para esta tarefa, uma plataforma híbrida de banco de dados que possui as funcionalidades de um sistema tradicional de gerenciamento de banco de dados relacional, banco de dados objeto-relacional, banco de dados virtual, RDF, XML, texto livre, servidor de aplicações web e funcionalidade de servidor de arquivos em um único sistema. Como resultado, obteve-se uma aplicação web capaz de recuperar informações utilizando os princípios básicos da Web Semântica.

PurposeAs the humanities develop in the realm of increasingly more pronounced digital scholarship, it is important to provide quality subject access to a vast range of heterogeneous information objects in digital services. The study aims to paint a representative picture of the current state of affairs of the use of subject index terms in humanities journal articles with particular reference to the well-established subject access needs of humanities researchers, with the purpose of identifying which improvements are needed in this context.Design/methodology/approachThe comparison of subject metadata on a sample of 649 peer-reviewed journal articles from across the humanities is conducted in a university repository, against Scopus, the former reflecting local and national policies and the latter being the most comprehensive international abstract and citation database of research output.FindingsThe study shows that established bibliographic objectives to ensure subject access for hum...

Estudo compreendido como uma inter-relação lógica entre tesauros e Terminologia, mais especificamente nos princípios da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia-TCT. Analisa um tesauro do ponto de vista da sua organização estrutural. Estuda os descritores verificando sua representatividade como um elemento de representação e recuperação das informações de uma área de especialidade. Sinaliza para uma nova abordagem em relação ao tratamento dos descritores aproximando-os a uma unidade lexical terminológica. Tem como pressuposto de trabalho que a relação que se estabelece entre um sistema de recuperação da informação-SRI e os usuários do sistema é uma relação de comunicação. Apresenta algumas considerações e recomendações.

In many industries, multiple parties collaborate on a larger project. At the same time, each of those stakeholders participates in multiple independent projects simultaneously. A double patchwork can thus be identified, with a many-to-many relationship between actors and collaborative projects. One key example is the construction industry, where every project is unique, involving specialists for many subdomains, ranging from the architectural design over technical installations to geospatial information, governmental regulation and sometimes even historical research. A digital representation of this process and its outcomes requires semantic interoperability between these subdomains, which however often work with heterogeneous and unstructured data. In this paper we propose to address this double patchwork via a decentralized ecosystem for multi-stakeholder, multi-industry collaborations dealing with heterogeneous information snippets. At its core, this ecosystem, called ConSolid, builds upon the Solid specifications for Web decentralization, but extends these both on a (meta)data pattern level and on microservice level. To increase the robustness of data allocation and filtering, we identify the need to go beyond Solid's current LDP-inspired interfaces to a Solid Pod and introduce the concept of metadata-generated 'virtual views', to be generated using an access-controlled SPARQL interface to a Pod. A recursive, scalable way to discover multi-vault aggregations is proposed, along with data patterns for connecting and aligning heterogeneous (RDF and non-RDF) resources across vaults in a mediatypeagnostic fashion. We demonstrate the use and benefits of the ecosystem using minimal running examples, concluding with the setup of an example use case from the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) industry.

The transformation of society towards a digital economy and government austerity creates a new context leading to changing roles for both government and private sector. Boundaries between public and private services are blurring, enabling government and private sector to collaborate and share responsibilities. In Belgium, the regional Government of Flanders embedded the re-use of public sector information in its legislation and published a data portal containing well over 4000 Open Datasets. Due to a lack of interoperability, interconnecting and interpreting these sources of information remain challenges for public administrations, businesses and citizens. To dissolve the boundaries between the data silos, the Flemish government applied Linked Data design principles in an operational public sector context. This paper discusses the trends we have identified while 'rewiring' the Authentic Source for addresses to a Linked Base Registry. We observed the impact on multiple interoperability levels; namely on the legal, organisational, semantic and technical level. In conclusion Linked Data can increase semantic and technical interoperability and lead to a better adoption of government information in the public and private sector. We strongly believe that the insights from the past thirteen years in the region of Flanders could speed up processes in other countries that are facing the complexity of raising technical and semantic interoperability.

Robotics in the past was described as algorithm centric problems. The idea was that a certain computer program is able to determine the optimal action. This decision is made, according to the computational paradigm, by the CPU which is running some sort of intelligent program. The result of this understanding was to locate the intelligence inside the Turing machine which gets executed on a physical computer. In contrast, the symbol grounding problem assumes that the bottleneck is located in man to machine communication which is realized with a protocol. The protocol gets implemented with semantic tagging which maps keywords to certain game states. The sum of all keywords are forming a cognitive map which can be extended to an activity language and possible voice commands. The shared vocabulary between man and machine has much in common with a text adventure. The following paper introduces the symbol grounding problem for the example of a kitchen robot and the pong videogame.

This chapter will use the University of Notre Dame’s Marble (Museum, Archives, Rare Books, and Library Exploration platform) project as a useful framework for exploring some ethical cataloging concerns of biographical metadata as they relate to linked data in libraries, archives, and museums (LAM). During the development of this platform, extensive user testing revealed frequent requests for additional information about content creators. While a linked data solution could be deployed to enhance personal information about creators, the team questioned the ethical implications of such an approach. This chapter is the result of their analysis. First, the authors will provide an overview of how linked data infrastructure is leveraged by Marble to meet user needs within resource limitations. Next, the authors will describe the methods used for product testing and development. After presenting a review of current literature, the authors will then use the framework of the slow movement, or the effort to slow down aspects of our society, to explore how time is an important factor for creating more ethical metadata. Finally, the team concludes by considering potential future solutions for the tension between user needs and ethical cataloging of creator metadata. While time is not an unlimited resource of LAM, the authors argue that focusing cataloging efforts on local holdings and working with living creators to create ethical metadata will benefit the community on a whole.

How should libraries classify indigenous or traditional knowledge? This paper presents an argument against universal access and in favor of working with the people who produce the knowledge. Adopting the perspective that reliable subject access to indigenous knowledge is a moral imperative for libraries and other knowledge institutions, this paper explores obstacles to inclusive subject access as a social justice issuemore specifically, a cognitive justice issue. We begin by looking at universal classification supporting universal access. Next, we define indigenous people and traditional knowledge as incompatible with positivist worldviews supported in universal knowledge organization systems (KOSs) such as Library of Congress Classification (LCC) scheme, Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), or Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) scheme. Organizing indigenous knowledge for use is then addressed, with examples of universal Western KOSs and specialized KOS initiatives presented and analyzed. In particular, we look at specialized KOSs supporting indigenous knowledge based on indigenous warrant, but also briefly survey schemes and vocabularies specialized for use by and for other marginalized groups as KOSs supporting the cognitive justice imperative. Finally, we look at options for access in light of the moral imperative that is reliable subject access and consider a number of innovative approaches. The use of Internetbased technologies permits the creation of robust ontologies that have the potential to support indigenous/specialized and universal access simultaneously. User-generated content (UGC) also can support reliable subject access in the web environment through the use of folksonomies, geographic information, or other content provided by end-users. Although technology offers a number of future paths, physical materials must still be considered. No matter the format of the item, one thing is clear: to provide reliable subject access to indigenous knowledge, the efforts undertaken must be a partnership between information professionals and indigenous peoples.

Understanding the method used by nurses in the individualization process of the Standardized Care Plan is essential to improve the delivery of nursing care and be more competent to know what patients need. Aim: To describe the stages of the Standardized Care Plan individualization process used by nurses in acute hospitalization wards. Method: A qualitative study in accordance with Strauss and Corbin's Grounded Theory was undertaken. Theoretical sampling with maximum variation was used to select nurses from adult units in three hospitals. In-depth individual interviews, participant observation and a focus group discussion were employed to obtain data. Constant comparison was used for analysis. Open, axial and selective coding were performed until data saturation was reached. Results: Thirty-nine nurses participated between in-depth individual interviews and a focus group. Additionally, the researchers carried out 65 hours of participant observation. The analysis allowed the emergence of a core category: "adapting the standard to patient's needs" that describes the meaning of the Standardized Care Plan individualization process given by nurses. In addition, three thematic categories were also identified: "clinical reasoning", "individualization attributes" and "instrumental procedure". Clinical reasoning enables the nurse to decide the appropriate Standardized Care Plan according to the reason for admission and then adjust its elements according to the patient's comprehensive assessment. Individualization attributes describes some characteristics of this process like the prioritization of the life-threatening diagnoses and willingness to involve the patient and family. Finally, this individualization process also includes an instrumental procedure that is used to reflect the individualization record in the Electronic Health Record. Conclusion: All of these steps are necessary in order to deliver and record a delivery of care that takes into account the needs and preferences of the patient and their family through an individualized care plan.

The existence of many digital libraries, maintained by different organizations, brings challenges to the discoverability of cultural heritage (CH) resources. Metadata aggregation is an approach where centralized efforts like Europeana facilitate their discoverability by collecting the resource's metadata. Nowadays, CH institutions are increasingly applying technologies designed for the wider interoperability on the Web. In this context, we have identified the Schema.org vocabulary and linked data (LD) as potential technologies for innovating CH metadata aggregation. We present the results of an analysis using the case of the Europeana network of aggregators and data providers as basis. We have conducted a survey of the available linked data technology, and we defined a solution, which we have put into practice in a pilot implementation within the Europeana network. In this pilot, the National Library of The Netherlands fulfils the role of data provider, with the Dutch Digital Heritage Network, as national aggregator, supporting the provision of several datasets from the national library to Europeana. The metadata is published using LD practices, having Schema.org as the main vocabulary. The national library also implements all the necessary semantic web mechanisms, defined in our solution, for making the datasets discoverable and harvestable by Europeana. Our proposal involves the use of vocabularies for description of datasets, and their distributions, namely DCAT, VoID and Schema.org. Europeana implements the LD harvester side of the solution and applies it to harvest the Schema.org data from the national library.

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the frequency of psychosocial aspects of basic nursing care, as e‐charted by nurses, when using an interface terminology.MethodsAn observational, multicentre study was conducted in acute wards. The main outcome measure was the frequency of use of the psychosocial interventions in the electronic nursing care plans, analysed over a 12 month retrospective review.FindingsOverall, 150,494 electronic care plans were studied. Most of the intervention concepts from the interface terminology were used by registered nurses to illustrate the psychosocial aspects of fundamentals of care in the electronic care plans.Conclusions and ImplicationsThe results presented help to demonstrate that the interventions of this interface terminology may be useful to inform psychosocial aspects of basic and advanced nursing care.Clinical relevanceThe identification of psychosocial elements of basic nursing care in the nursing documentation may lead to obtain a deeper unders...

LIPID MAPS (LIPID Metabolites and Pathways Strategy), www.lipidmaps.org, provides a systematic and standardized approach to organizing lipid structural and biochemical data. Founded 20 years ago, the LIPID MAPS nomenclature and classification has become the accepted community standard. LIPID MAPS provides databases for cataloging and identifying lipids at varying levels of characterization in addition to numerous software tools and educational resources, and became an ELIXIR-UK data resource in 2020. This paper describes the expansion of existing databases in LIPID MAPS, including richer metadata with literature provenance, taxonomic data and improved interoperability to facilitate FAIR compliance. A joint project funded by ELIXIR-UK, in collaboration with WikiPathways, curates and hosts pathway data, and annotates lipids in the context of their biochemical pathways. Updated features of the search infrastructure are described along with implementation of programmatic access via API ...

PurposeThe study aims to paint a representative picture of the current state of search interfaces of Swedish online museum collections, focussing on search functionalities with particular reference to subject searching, as well as the use of controlled vocabularies, with the purpose of identifying which improvements of the search interfaces are needed to ensure high-quality information retrieval for the end user.Design/methodology/approachIn the first step, a set of 21 search interface criteria was identified, based on related research and current standards in the domain of cultural heritage knowledge organization. Secondly, a complete set of Swedish museums that provide online access to their collections was identified, comprising nine cross-search services and 91 individual museums' websites. These 100 websites were each evaluated against the 21 criteria, between 1 July and 31 August 2020.FindingsAlthough many standards and guidelines are in place to ensure quality-controlled ...

The existence of many digital libraries, maintained by different organizations, brings challenges to the discoverability of cultural heritage (CH) resources. Metadata aggregation is an approach where centralized efforts like Europeana facilitate their discoverability by collecting the resource's metadata. Nowadays, CH institutions are increasingly applying technologies designed for the wider interoperability on the Web. In this context, we have identified the Schema.org vocabulary and linked data (LD) as potential technologies for innovating CH metadata aggregation. We present the results of an analysis using the case of the Europeana network of aggregators and data providers as basis. We have conducted a survey of the available linked data technology, and we defined a solution, which we have put into practice in a pilot implementation within the Europeana network. In this pilot, the National Library of The Netherlands fulfils the role of data provider, with the Dutch Digital Heritage Network, as national aggregator, supporting the provision of several datasets from the national library to Europeana. The metadata is published using LD practices, having Schema.org as the main vocabulary. The national library also implements all the necessary semantic web mechanisms, defined in our solution, for making the datasets discoverable and harvestable by Europeana. Our proposal involves the use of vocabularies for description of datasets, and their distributions, namely DCAT, VoID and Schema.org. Europeana implements the LD harvester side of the solution and applies it to harvest the Schema.org data from the national library.

Diretrizes para a compatibilização de SOCs com vistas a uma recuperação inteligente da informação Directrices para la compatibilidad del SOC con miras a la recuperación inteligente de la información Guidelines for KOS compatibility towards intelligent information retrieval

Those in charge of image collections in North America have found it difficult to agree upon standards for classifying and cataloguing their material, and many individual and incompatible systems have been developed. However there has been some recent progress in coordination , and this paper surveys some inter-institutional projects attempting to create standards, based on an awareness of user needs, primarily the Image Access Society, the Library of Congress list of subject headings for the Prints and Photographs Division, the Picture Division Thesaurus of the Public Archives of Canada and the Art and Architecture Thesaurus.

Those in charge of image collections in North America have found it difficult to agree upon standards for classifying and cataloguing their material, and many individual and incompatible systems have been developed. However there has been some recent progress in co-ordination, and this paper surveys some inter-institutional projects attempting to create standards, based on an awareness of user needs, primarily the Image Access Society, the Library of Congress list of subject headings for the Prints and Photographs Division, the Picture Division Thesaurus of the Public Archives of Canada and the Art and Architecture Thesaurus. This paper is a continuation of a survey, “Subject indexing of visual resources: a survey”, published in Visual Resources: an International Journal of Documentation, Vol. 1, no. 1, Spring 1980, pp.67-73.

Ethical problems in scientific publishing lead to complex issues for indexers. It is important for indexers of both scientific journals and literature databases to understand ethical problems and the 'cascade' of publications that can result. Common problems involve authorship issues, duplicate publication (also called 'self-plagiarism' or 'redundant publication'), plagiarism and scientific misconduct. These can lead to corrections (in minor cases), expressions of concern (while an investigation is under way) and eventually retraction ('unpublishing' the article). An example is provided of an article containing falsified and fabricated data, published in Annals of Internal Medicine in 1995. The discovery of data fabrication led to several linked publications, including a retraction, a letter from the author, an editor's note, an editorial and letters to the editor. The MEDLINE indexing of these publications is provided, showing how they were linked to each other. In such complex cases involving many publications over several years, finding all associated publications and making a diagram can help in indexing all items comprehensively, making clear their interrelationship.

Enterprise knowledge resides in people, in documents, and in the way that both the people and the documents are organised. Use of this knowledge can be enhanced by reflecting the enterprise in its document, records and information management. Consideration is given to factors that influence effective information management and utilisation. These include metadata, vocabulary control, information quality and ownership.

This paper reports on a joint proof of concept project undertaken by researchers from the Flinders University Artificial Intelligence Laboratory in partnership with information managers from the Education Network Australia (edna) team at Education Services Australia to address the question of whether artificial intelligence techniques could be employed to help with creation and consistency of learning resource metadata and improve the efficiency of digital collection workflows? The results show some success with automated subject categorisation on a small sample, and the researchers conclude that automated classification based on artificial intelligence is useful as a means of supplementing and assisting human classification, but is not at this stage a replacement for human classification of educational resources.