Buying Behavior

The automotive industry is at a crossroad. Electric Vehicles (EV) now pose an existential threat to the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). In some Northern European nations over 50% of new cars sold are EVs, owing in large part to substantial financial incentives to buy and own an EV, such as tax discounts when purchasing an EV, fuel savings, and preferential use of transportation infrastructure. These countries have pledged to cease all imports of non-EVs by 2035. On the other end of the spectrum are Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where EVs account for less than 1 percent of vehicles on the road, due in large part to financial and non-financial impediments to buying and owning an EV. In addition, the price per kilometer driven in the GCC is considerably lower with gasoline than with electricity, which contradicts the European experience where cost savings from electricity versus gasoline can be around 8 to 1. Furthermore, as there is an absence of purchase and ownership/utilization taxation of vehicles in the GCC, no tax discount can be levied, in contrast to the EV tax incentives common in Europe. This paper explores which qualities of driving and owning an EV in the GCC are necessary to persuade certain kinds of new automobile consumers to pay a higher purchasing price for owning an EV as opposed to an ICE, in spite of higher costs for electricity compared to gasoline per kilometer driven. This pilot study attempts to provide an insight to new car purchasing behavior among consumers in Kuwait via a qualitative innovative approach known as 'Q Methodology'. Interestingly, the factors that emerged from the research represent three subjective perspectives of new car purchase in Kuwait which were labeled as Factor 1, 'Value Seeker'; Factor 2, 'Safety Seeker'; and Factor 3, 'Performance Seeker'. The study concludes that given financial constraints, the 'Value Seeker' group is not likely to become an early adopter of EVs in the GCC region. Conversely, the 'Performance Seeker', which includes mainly younger men who are more likely to view the fast acceleration of EVs as a deciding factor, and the 'Safety Seekers', who are mainly younger women who would value the environmental aspects of EVs as well as the quiet driving experience and low maintenance requirements are determining factors for EV adoption in the GCC region in the future.

This study was conducted to narrow down the study population to PTSS Staffs community only and to see whether the result is parallel or not with previous study held by Punitha and Azmawani (2011) and to what extent do social influence, environmental responsibility and concern account for the green products' purchasing behavior. This study is a quantitative study and explained by the numerical data collected through questionnaire and analysed using using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 16. The population in this study involved only academicians in PoliteknikTuanku Syed Sirajuddin (PTSS) which comprising of 279 academic staffs from all eight departments in PTSS. While the sample size of this study is 155 respondents based on Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table. Result shows that environment concern has the highest mean followed by Environment Responsibility and Social Influence respectively and it can be summarised that respondents are all aware and concern on green products' purchasing behavior and the standard deviation also acceptable showing that the centred of answer chose by respondent are about to similar or narrow.All findings are positive with the previous study that has been done. The recommendation for future research is to study the influence factor in green products buying habit and investigate the factors that influence consumers in making the decision to buy environmentally friendly products. This study also suggested to be done in different places and population.

Word of mouth (WOM) has been proved to be one of the most effective marketing tools in increasing sales. With the availability of Internet and the growing popularity of electronic commerce, firms begin to build an online consumer opinion platform, extending the traditional WOM to online environment in order to foster sales in virtual environment. This paper examines the impact of consumer reviews, as the most effective form of eWOM on sales in online environment. The result of the discussion shows that only the quantity or volume of consumer reviews has positive impact on sales. The quality and valence of reviews, although has the capability of influencing consumers’ buying behavior, have not been proved to have any relation to sales. The result also indicates that the degree of consumer review impact on sales will vary, depending on the types and popularity of product.

Keywords – Consumer reviews, electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), buying behavior, sales, e-commerce

Za cel artykułu przyjęto pokazanie, w jaki sposób podejście do wykorzystania internetu przez młodzież uczącą się w szkołach ponadgimnazjalnych i na studiach może wpływać na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstw w przyszłości. Zagadnienie zostało opracowane w oparciu o badania ankietowe przeprowadzone wśród studentów i uczniów szkół ponadgimnazjalnych w 2011 roku oraz wyniki badań dostępnych w źródłach wtórnych. Opracowanie prezentuje wpływ internetu na zachowania dzisiejszych studentów i uczniów oraz pojawiające się w związku z tym szanse i zagrożenia dla ich przyszłych pracodawców.

Today, the advancements of the Internet and new technologies have affected consumer behavior. This has led to the emergence of more and more channels which is causing consumers to change their purchasing habits. The omnichannel refers to retailers with a presence on both physical and digital platforms. It is a modern approach to commerce that focuses on designing a cohesive user experience for customers at every touchpoint. This paper deliberates on the omnichannel behavior of consumers in India towards the mobile phones. It analyses the channel preferences of mobile consumers, the selection of omnichannel during mobile purchase, and brand preferences in the omnichannel business environment. The outcome of this paper confirms that there is a significant relationship of socio-economic class with consumer information search, consumer evaluation of alternatives and consumer purchase decisions through online and offline sources which indicates the omnichannel behavior of consumer India for mobile products.

Keywords: Omnichannel Behaviour, Consumer Behaviour, Mobile Purchase Decisions, Channel Preferences, Channel Marketing, Consumer Class

Citation: Zaware, N., Pawar, A., Samudre, H., & Kale, S. (2020). Omnichannel Consumer Buying Behavior: Apprehending the Purchasing Pattern for Mobile Buyers in India. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(3S): 1086-1101.

In Recent years, the gigantic increase of internet usage and information technology have transformed the way of goods are bought and sold, resulting to the exponential growth in the online shoppers and for better marketing performance. The success or failure of a business is determined by the consumers’ perception. The ability to attract and retain consumers is important to the success of online businesses. This study examines how consumers perceive online shopping and what factors are perceived by the consumers to prefer online shopping. The population selected for this research is teachers working in self-financing colleges in Namakkal district. K.S.R College of arts and science was chosen as the sampling unit. The sample size is 120 (out of 220 teachers only 120 teachers have online shopping history). Factor analysis was employed and seven factors namely Information, Company and product perception, Safety, Purchase intension, Easiness, Value and Assurance were extracted from the study.

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behavior shown by customers while purchasing laptops. The study is based on a primary data collected from 250 students from different courses in Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India. The data is analyzed using various statistical tools and methods. The study has examined various factors affecting purchase intention and behavior of students towards laptops such as Brand Image, Price, Actual Attributes, Past Experience, Brand Switching, and Word-of-Mouth. The results of the study reveal that while purchasing laptops, students make decisions giving the highest priority to actual attributes and brand image, followed by price, past experience and Word-of-Mouth.

This paper intends to appraise and understand
celebrity advertising and its effectiveness. By deeply
examining and addressing the components of celebrity
advertising, the advantages and disadvantages associated
with it, and the elements of successful and unsuccessful
implementations, it will be clear that with a compelling and
logical celebrity-brand fit, the application of celebrities as
brand advocates can be used to a company’s competitive
advantage. Keywords: celebrity advertising, consumer’s perception,
effectiveness, buying behavior.

This study is based to identify the factors that influence the consumer buying behavior of the two wheeler Bikes at Allahabad, Lucknow and Varanasi cities of Uttar Pradesh. The survey is mainly focused on the buying behavior of the consumer that motivates them to purchase the two wheeler bikes.

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to understand the packaging product role in influencing children preference by doing a persuasive act that influence children’s product purchasing decision by parents. Design/methodology/approach – This research used a quantitative method, and was based on the purpose of research to test the hypothesis. The questionnaire used in this research consist of 16 questions, referred to the questionnaire from previous research, which cover about packaging, preference, and buying behavior. Researcher used Structural Equation Model – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method to analyze data and test the hypothesis. Findings – Children preferences influenced parent’s product purchasing behavior. Children preferences influenced by character in product packages that attract their attention. In order to got those products, children would do some persuasive act towards their parents. And then, parents would consider to buy the product because of children preference and children’s persuasive act. Practical implications – Findings from this research can be applied in the retail and marketing service sector to give relevant information about children’s influence on parent’s purchasing decision. Originality/ value – This journal shows that research on packaging products is still very minimal in Indonesia and currently only addresses packaging products for adults. Paper type - Research paper

The Textile Industry occupies a vital place in the Indian economy and contributes substantially to its exports earnings. Textiles exports represent nearly 30 per cent of the country's total exports. India has one of the prominent places in the world's textile market by supplying the different type of raw material. Apparel is billion-dollar industry employing millions of the people around the world. Over the last one decade, apparel industry has gone through the drastic change in the world market due to end of Multi Fibre Agreement in 2005. Indian garment industry is very diverse in size, manufacturing facility, type of apparel produced, quantity and quality of output, cost, and requirement for fabric etc. It comprises suppliers of ready-made garments for both, domestic or exports markets. This study is focusing on females buying behavior during the purchase of their apparel. Now, it is important for marketing people to know about their preferences according to age group and ...

This study aims to investigate the effect of online shopping towards consumer buying behavior. The respondents were comprised of Commerce Department in Polytechnic Ungku Omar. The objective is to identify whether the consumer's risk, price of goods and warranty issue is the effect of their buying behavior. Meanwhile, the research was done by using questionnaires. A simple random sampling was used in this study where involved respondents from Commerce Department of Polytechnic Ungku Omar. Method of data analysis is using SPSS version 18 for reporting the descriptive analysis. Mean score, frequency and percentage were used to analyze the data. As the result, it shows that the risk effect has the highest overall mean. Followed by price of goods and warranty issue effects the online shopping. The result revealed that the risk was the major effect of online shopping towards consumer buying behavior compare to price of goods and warranty issue.

The research aimed to reveal real behavior of consumers in fashion clothing according to the four main factors between men and women consumers to find out factors which one will impact them the most before make buying-decision. The four main factors are Physical, Identity, Lifestyle and Store environment. Accordingly, a wide variety of general stores, department stores and small retail outlets, in the area of Bangkok, Thailand were selected as the context for this field study. As a consequence, the results of this study indicate that female have a positive impact to physical factor, identity factor, lifestyle factor and store environment factor in buying behavior for fashion and impulse easier to buy clothing than men. However, there is a clear evidence to suggest that women and men will consider the price before buying the garment in the same proportion. The sample size was relatively too small (female = 25 and Male = 25) when compare to the population number in Bangkok. Thus, future research should be a bigger sample and tested in other cultures is needed to enhance the generalizability of the findings.

The paper highlights different reasons (or simply the “why”) for which consumers purchase Apple’s products as well as “why” this company can retain employees in view of the “why” and “golden circle” concepts presented by Simon Sinek in his book titled “
Start With Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone To Take Action.”

CSR is a highly emerging topic around the world, and the debate about CSR raised many questions about the effectiveness of being socially responsible; however, it also motivated many companies around the world to implement CSR strategies. This study will show the evolution of CSR through different points of view over the time that discuss and describe CSR. Moreover, this study described the influence of CSR by discussing the major advantages and disadvantages of being socially responsible; which affect the internal and external environment of the company. However, the influence of CSR is not limited to the people that are related to the company while it social responsibility is highly correlated with the company's core business, marketing strategy and financial performance. Finally, using SPSS, many variables were identified in order to determine the objective function of this research, and clarify if there is any relation between the effects of CSR and customer's buying behavior. Consequently, this research resulted in identifying that CSR affects and influences the buying behavior of customers, whereas the results are based on the used frequencies, factor analysis, and regression analysis to the collected data from the distributed questionnaires. The main objective of this research is to highlight the different factors that might influence of corporate social responsibility and social activities on customers, and especially on their buying behavior.

Social media is providing possible opportunities to users and marketers to communicate to customers in large numbers. The concept of social media marketing has led to an emergence of social media influencer marketing and individuals may have different reasons to engage on various social media platforms. Influencer marketing has allowed the brands to communicate with customers by developing association of customers with social media influencers. The paper aims to identify the constructs of social media influencers that drive customers to online buying. Primary and secondary data is studied. An online questionnaire was designed and responses from 168 participants were collected for the research purpose. The results indicate that for 67.9% of the total population buying online after going through the reviews provided by the influencers they follow on social media depends on certain factors.67.9% of the respondents have agreed that social media influencers help them in deciding whether to buy products or not online. Further, the limitations of the study are concluded. This research statistically and theoretically contribute to the present studies in the areas of marketing.

Automobile units play a vital role in the industrial development of a nation. By considering the facts, the author has chosen the topic as pertinent to the current situation in car market. Hence an in-depth study of satisfaction of customers of Hyundai cars has been undertaken. The main objective of the study is to identify the factors influencing the customers to purchase Hyundai cars and analyze the factors influencing their satisfaction. The study was confined to Hyderabad city and size of the sample is 300 customers of Hyundai car by adopting simple random sampling technique for data collection.

When man learns to understand and control his own behavior as well as he is learning to understand and control the behavior of crop plants and domestic animals, he may be justified in believing that he has become civilized". Backed by the large disposable incomes, the Vegetable sector is now witnessing an extraordinary change in consumption patterns. Vegetable retailing is undergoing a transformation from selling of vegetable items in grocery shops & mandis, haats and bazzars to selling of them in supermarkets like Easyday, Big Bazaar where consumers inspect and select the products in a comfortable atmosphere and still pay a reasonable price for these vegetables (Nelson, 2007). Sometimes it happens that one pays less than the price one would pay at the nearest food store. Shopping for groceries is no longer a strenuous and uncomfortable affair. Instead, it has become a pleasant experience. But selling vegetables and fruits is not just that easy. To keep customers connected and to win new customers the seller needs to do lot more than just creating quality vegetables. Understanding the link between attitude, buying cues, motivators and behavior towards vegetables is likely to play a deciding role in understanding how to strive and compete in this sector. Understanding what drives the purchasing behavior of consumers, and how it is influenced by consumer attitude, will be a step towards formulating policy and strategy which will help in refurbishing the whole process of production as well as supply aimed at securing a competent position in this market. As the facts confirm, there has been double digit increase in the produce section of retailers annually. Differentiation basis include features related to attributes such as product features, environmental and other social outcomes as well as experiential eating. To determine the overall significance and readiness to purchase or to pay for those vegetables, here in this study an attempt is made to recognize and rank a number of factors, and analyzing on how much significant they for customer's decision are making process of vegetables in Punjab.

The Textile Industry occupies a vital place in the Indian economy and contributes substantially to its exports earnings. Textiles exports represent nearly 30 per cent of the country's total exports. India has one of the prominent places in the world's textile market by supplying the different type of raw material.

The research identified the consumers' awareness of CSR, consumers' buying behavior relating to Jollibee Foods Corporation's (JFC) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs as well as to JFC as an organization, determined the relationship between consumers' CSR awareness and consumer buying behavior, and ascertained differences in consumer buying behavior according to their socio-demographic classification. The study used descriptive research design, using self-administered questionnaires through purposive sampling method in the selection of respondents with a sample size of 250 consumers who participated in the survey. Data were statistically treated using mean, frequency, and percent distribution and standard deviation, chi-square, correlation, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney. Based on the findings, the researcher concludes that 25-34 years old consumers prefer Jollibee Foods brands as their fastfood preference. Females, those with Bachelor's degrees, and...

In this era or technology there are numerous brands of laptops available in the market. Companies adopt different strategies to attract customers. This study aims to understand the decision making styles for purchase of laptops from the viewpoint of the buyers. In this study the different parameters associated with the decision making styles for purchase of laptops have been identified. Whether the parameters like technology, price, brand name, aesthetic looks, customer service etc affect the buying decision of the people or is it something else which drives a customer to make a purchase decision. In order to study the factors, it is important to know the different brands of laptops available in the market. A study on the purchasing behavior of the people was necessary to understand whether people give importance to quality, price, brand image, brand loyalty or something else. To understand the different parameters and the factors which influence the decision making styles, a secondary research has been done. Through this different laptop brands in the market have been studied. Next, to understand the amalgamation of these parameters with the different brands a questionnaire had been developed. This was used to find out how consumers purchased their laptops? What was their approach for purchasing the product? And what were the influencing factors? With the help of secondary data the decision making style for purchase of laptops could be studied and a model has been developed to target the customers and increase the sale of laptops.

This paper will propose a type of message appeal to be used in the advertising, making sure to explain the rationale behind the appeal, it will analyze the different cultures this product will appeal to and make recommendations on which three (3) would be the best choice. The paper will explain the decision of which microcultures and additional demographics should be targeted for the product line. Also, it will suggest ways to utilize group influence in the marketing of the product, and finally it will present the created plan to address need recognition, search behavior, and getting the product into the consumers' consideration set.

As consumers use products, particularly during a trail purchase, they evaluate its performance in light of their own expectations. There are three possible outcomes of these evaluations that are actual performance matches expectations, leading to a neutral felling. Secondly performance exceeds expectations causing what is known as positive disconfirmation of expectations which leads towards satisfaction. Third one is performance is below expectations causing negative disconfirmation of expectations and satisfaction are closely linked that is consumer tend to judge their experience against their expectations when performing a post purchase evaluation.

An important component of post purchase evaluation is the reduction of any uncertainty or doubt that the consumer might have had about the selection. As part of their purchase analysis, consumer try to reassure themselves that their choice was a wise one and they attempt to reduce post purchase cognition dissonance. They do this by adopting one of the following strategies. They may rationalize the decision as being wise they may seek advertisements that support their choice and avoid those of competitive brands. The degree of post purchase analysis that consumers undertake depends on the importance of the product decision and the experience required in using the product. When product will live up to expectation it usually will be repurchased by the customer.

The objective of this study is to determine the extent of post purchase behavior amongst students. In order to accomplish the objectives of the study, we made a self-administered questionnaire to cater our objective.

We decided to take up shampoo as a product category as the gathering of data on such a topic wouldn’t only be easy for us but also would be accurate enough for we are accompanied by our colleagues amongst whom such a product category is quite famous and substantially importance.

A shampoo, whenever applied, leaves an imprint upon the attitude of the consumer and freshens him/her to be prepared for what is in store for the being during the day.

The questionnaire developed is to enhance the knowledge pertaining to the importance of a shampoo in a youngster’s life. We believe that our efforts won’t end up all in vain.

This study is based to identify the factors that influence the consumer buying behavior
of the two wheeler Bikes at Allahabad, Lucknow and Varanasi cities of Uttar Pradesh. The survey is mainly focused on the buying behavior of the consumer that motivates them to purchase the two wheeler bikes.

Consumers buy products not only because of need to them but also because of sudden urge to buy them. The impulse buying have been investigated by consumer behavior researchers and marketing academician more than a half century. The aim of this study is to present a detailed literature review of the impulse buying behavior by analyzing the various researches in the field of consumer behavior. Development of impulse purchasing concept, process of consumer's impulse purchasing behavior, various factors that have an effect on impulse purchasing and the relationship between impulse buying and retailing are discussed in this paper. This study will be useful for retailing researchers and practitioners towards comprehensive insight of the shopper's impulsiveness in theoretical framework. The content analysis of the various researches about impulse buying behavior may be guide to understanding the basic characteristics of impulse purchasing for future researchers by explaining the different factors influencing impulse buying.

Frozen food has been contemplated and viewed as artificial form of food but yes in the growing and health conscious times of this era it has noticeably become a part of our lives and is a affecting the consumer's buying decision when it comes to grocery shopping. The research was conducted with 100 respondents using convenience sampling at different super markets in defense at Karachi. A likert-scale based questionnaire was developed and data was gathered using convenience sampling. Due to the causal nature of the research, the data was analyzed using linear regression for which SPSS software was used. It was found that the frozen food has a significant impact on buying decision and consumer behavior. At the end, the study made some important implications for the marketers.

The purpose of this paper is to study the factors that may influence impulsive buying behavior. A good store environment will encourage customers to patronize the store and this can be achieved through effective marketing activities, well-trained salespeople, and promotional activities high in emotional influence value. As a result, customers are more likely to purchase unplanned products due to the attritional value from the marketing activities.

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The research identified the consumers' awareness of CSR, consumers' buying behavior relating to Jollibee Foods Corporation's (JFC) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs as well as to JFC as an organization, determined the relationship between consumers' CSR awareness and consumer buying behavior, and ascertained differences in consumer buying behavior according to their socio-demographic classification. The study used descriptive research design, using self-administered questionnaires through purposive sampling method in the selection of respondents with a sample size of 250 consumers who participated in the survey. Data were statistically treated using mean, frequency, and percent distribution and standard deviation, chi-square, correlation, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney. Based on the findings, the researcher concludes that 25-34 years old consumers prefer Jollibee Foods brands as their fastfood preference. Females, those with Bachelor's degrees, and...

The present study is concerned in the field of consumer buying behavior, especially e-shopping in Pakistan. E-commerce has created easiness and innovativeness in humans' life. Online consumer buying behavior is not like a physical market having ability to touch, analyze, and thereafter shop the products. This study explores the effect of few variables, derived from existing literature. Those variables are perceived benefits, domain specific innovativeness, and shopping orientations, i.e., impulse-purchase orientation, brand orientation and quality orientation. The data was collected by mean of the questionnaires. The findings indicated that domain specific innovativeness and shopping orientations have positive impact on consumers' buying behavior towards online shopping. Therefore, consumers are showing an interest to online shopping because of recent development of electronic stores in Pakistan. Contribution/ Originality The major purpose of this study is to examine behavior of Pakistani consumers towards the new trends of shopping online. This behavior has been measured through perceived benefits of online shopping, domain specific innovativeness and shopping orientations of consumers. There is no research executed to find the combine effect of aforementioned variables as the development of e-commerce in Pakistan is still slow in comparison to other developing nations. Jamil (2017). A study on the factors affecting consumer buying behavior towards online shopping in Pakistan. Journal of Asian Business Strategy, 7(2), 44-56.

The research identified the consumers' awareness of CSR, consumers' buying behavior relating to Jollibee Foods Corporation's (JFC) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs as well as to JFC as an organization, determined the relationship between consumers' CSR awareness and consumer buying behavior, and ascertained differences in consumer buying behavior according to their socio-demographic classification. The study used descriptive research design, using self-administered questionnaires through purposive sampling method in the selection of respondents with a sample size of 250 consumers who participated in the survey. Data were statistically treated using mean, frequency, and percent distribution and standard deviation, chi-square, correlation, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney. Based on the findings, the researcher concludes that 25-34 years old consumers prefer Jollibee Foods brands as their fastfood preference. Females, those with Bachelor's degrees, and...

From time to time, marketers have concentrated on adopting various marketing techniques to attract consumers. Viral Marketing through internet is one such approach which breaks the traditional brick-and-mortar model of marketing. The objective is to build a suitable model that will explain the various determinants involved in designing viral marketing campaigns and its outcome in terms of consumer response. While the popular seeding approach is known to spread the marketing word, this paper will focus on the survey method to identify patterns of consumer responses towards viral marketing. To substantiate this study, a strategic model will be created so that the prospective customers can be targeted the right way on an online forum. There is clearly more to explore from the perspective of viral marketing to enhance the experience of customers about the online media. This paper focuses on the concept of viral marketing as a tool to influence consumer's purchasing decisions which positively, may impact on sales. This paper will bring out some of the factors influencing the choice of consumers in making a purchasing decision. In addition, it would also bring out some marketing insights on how to attract new consumers through a strategic approach.

The objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting customer's satisfaction on buying residential apartments and to find out the effect of the quality of indoor and outdoor environments on the customers' buying behavior. The study uses survey responses received from customers to examine the main factors that may affect their satisfaction. A convenience sample of 401 survey responses received from customers. A regression test was used to analyze and examine the effect of buying residential apartments and customer satisfaction and the impact of indoor and outdoor quality. The results of this study found that there is a positive impact which means that any improvement in the indoor and outdoor factors will increase the demand of purchasing residential apartments, and there is a positive impact which explained that any upgrading and raising on outdoor factors will increase the purchasing of residential apartments.

Purpose-The purpose of this research is to understand the packaging product role in influencing children preference by doing a persuasive act that influence children's product purchasing decision by parents. Design/methodology/approach-This research used a quantitative method, and was based on the purpose of research to test the hypothesis. The questionnaire used in this research consist of 16 questions, referred to the questionnaire from previous research, which cover about packaging, preference, and buying behavior. Researcher used Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method to analyze data and test the hypothesis. Findings-Children preferences influenced parent's product purchasing behavior. Children preferences influenced by character in product packages that attract their attention. In order to got those products, children would do some persuasive act towards their parents. And then, parents would consider to buy the product because of children preference and children's persuasive act. Practical implications-Findings from this research can be applied in the retail and marketing service sector to give relevant information about children's influence on parent's purchasing decision. Originality/ value-This journal shows that research on packaging products is still very

India is a nation of shopkeepers with over 12 million retail outlets. It has one of the highest densities of retail outlets in the world with one retail outlet for ~90 persons. It can be said to have entered the second phase of retailing when there is high-speed growth. There are retail chains trying to tap country's vast potential.

Over the past two decades in Iran the effect of the children on consumer behavior has often been overlooked. However, consumer decision making within the family has begun to receive a growing amount of attention with the increased realisation of the magnitude of the children effect within the family as an important actor in purchasing decision making process. It can be said that in the past, role of the children in buying decision of families had been negligible. But due to development in digital media, children are the first to know about the products when they hit the market even before their parents. Nowadays, children act as an active participant in families buying decision. Children not only choose the products which belong to them but they also have upper hand on products which are used by almost every other family member. This paper investigates the influence that children have on family consumer decision making. It takes the unique approach of investigating purchase influence from the perspective of both the child and the parent. This paper aims to identify the most important influencing factors on children purchasing behavior in Iran. To this end, Bandar Abbas city has been selected for the study. The results of the study show that the most important variables to affect parental affiliation of children in the purchase decision are gender, age, pester power, TV advertising, peer group effects, household size, lesser time with family, income level, single parent households, more stress in life, culture, internet advertising, newspaper and magazine advertising, pocket money and mobile advertising.

Globe Tattoo, one of the leading sub-brands of Globe Telecom in the Philippines, used Branded Entertainment as an advertising tool to increase its earnings as one of the players in the Philippine telecommunication industry. Using a quasi-experiment that involved 100 residents in Guiginto Town in Bulacan Province in the Philippines, the paper assessed the influence of the creativity and emotional engagement –characteristics of branded entertainment-of a Globe Tattoo TV commercial entitled " Defy Expectation " to the buying behavior of the residents of the town. Using One-Way ANOVA, the researchers have found that there exist significant differences on the relationship between the Globe Tattoo's recent three-minuter commercial's creativity and emotional engagement to the buying behavior of its perceived target market. This study also discovered that in the Philippines, if TV commercial creativity and emotional engagement are combined, no significant effect to buying behavior happened. The paper recommends that creative advertising in the Philippines must include cultural dynamics as one of the variables for successful brand engagement to happen.

Aims To estimate the pooled prevalence of compulsive buying behaviour (CBB) in different populations and to determine the effect of age, gender, location and screening instrument on the reported heterogeneity in estimates of CBB and whether publication bias could be identified. Methods Three databases were searched (Medline, PsychInfo, Web of Science) using the terms 'compulsive buying', 'pathological buying' and 'compulsive shopping' to estimate the pooled prevalence of CBB in different populations. Forty studies reporting 49 prevalence estimates from 16 countries were located (n = 32 000). To conduct the meta-analysis, data from non-clinical studies regarding mean age and gender proportion, geographical study location and screening instrument used to assess CBB were extracted by multiple independent observers and evaluated using a random-effects model. Four a priori subgroups were analysed using pooled estimation (Cohen's Q) and covariate testing (moderator and meta-regression analysis). Results The CBB pooled prevalence of adult representative studies was 4.9% (3.4–6.9%, eight estimates, 10 102 participants), although estimates were higher among university students: 8.3% (5.9–11.5%, 19 estimates, 14 947 participants) in adult non-representative samples: 12.3% (7.6–19.1%, 11 estimates, 3929 participants) and in shopping-specific samples: 16.2% (8.8–27.8%, 11 estimates, 4686 participants). Being young and female were associated with increased tendency, but not location (United States versus non-United States). Meta-regression revealed large heterogeneity within subgroups, due mainly to diverse measures and time-frames (current versus lifetime) used to assess CBB. Conclusions A pooled estimate of compulsive buying behaviour in the populations studied is approximately 5%, but there is large variation between samples accounted for largely by use of different time-frames and measures.

The study investigates theoretical framework of non-store retail management and online retail management in the first chapter and types of buying and compulsive buying in the second. For this purpose, the study investigated the compulsive buying tendencies of shoppers in electronic environment.
    For the study, data was collected by survey method. 384 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 package software. Results revealed that compulsive buying tendencies has a significant relationship with marital status and gender. Besides, compulsive buying tendencies does not have a significant relationship with profession, monthly income and educational status.

Consumer behavior and factors affecting their buying behavior is one of the important issues in marketing and sales that many factors affect this process. Using celebrities as endorsers and their presence in advertisements is one of the effective factors in attracting customers. The present study investigated the effect of the apparent attractiveness of celebrities on the intention among young consumers. The answers of 410 Iranian young people, between 17 to 30 years, were collected and examined through the distribution of questionnaires on social networks. The Chi-Square test was used to examine the independence of the variables and the correlation coefficient was used to determine the type and direction of the relationship between the components. The results show that any physical attractiveness of celebrities is not significantly different in terms of gender between males and females and also showed that the physical attractiveness of celebrities has a positive and significant effect on the intention of young consumers to buy. The relationship between the questions and the type of celebrity impact on youth has also been investigated.