Biopower

La pregunta que orienta este trabajo es de qué forma las obras de arte actuales nos sitúan en el fenómeno de la Biopolítica y, al mismo tiempo, cómo este arte interpreta la caída del Otro y el ascenso del cuerpo fragmentado y de la imagen en la subjetividad social actual. Se realiza, así, un recorrido que parte del análisis y discusión de la noción de biopolítica foucaultiana para pasar luego reflexionar sobre el estatuto del arte contemporáneo desde la teoría psicoanalítica. Finalmente, se analizan dos obras del arte contemporáneas y conceptuales para dar cuenta de su inscripción en el discurso social imperante. The question that guides this work is how the actual works of art locate us in the phenomenon of the Biopolítics and, at the same time, how this art interprets the fall of the Other and the ascent of the fragmentation body and the image in the actual social subjectivity. It begins a run that starts in an analysis and discussion of the Foucault biopolítics notion, to pass then to meditate on the statute of the contemporary art from the psychoanalytical theory. Finally, two contemporaries and conceptual works art are analyzed to see their inscription in the prevailing social discourse.

The article prompts readers to reflect on the discrepancy between the study of migration and its object. The "science of migration", Palidda writes, fails to account adequately for the lived experience of migrant women and men; this is due to the discourse it produces, and the practices activated by those who benefit from the phenomenon of migration. This discourse is based on knowledges, assumptions, theorems, schemes, and paradigms that make up the rhetorical scenario of migration, with its positive and negative categories and the definitions of all these aspects. The rhetoric of the "science of migration" therefore serves the ends of both the opponents and supporters of migration. This dualism shapes the social imaginary of the public opinion, substantially based on the fear of an invasion that is being exploited to deny fundamental human rights to migrant women and men and to cover over their subordinate conditions as (new) slaves within the neoliberal order. Salvatore Palidda, Born in Sicily, after a period as union and political militant, in the early 70s I was also a worker in Germany and then in France; since 1981 I have studied and started my academic career at EHESS of Paris and as foreign researcher of the French CNRS. I returned to Italy in 1992 first at the EUI, then in Milan and finally in Genoa as professor of sociology and other subjects until December 2018. Th main fields of my critical research are military and police affairs, migrations, criminality and the consequences of the liberal drift at local and global scale. I have published over 70 texts in different languages and over 80 in Italian.

Resumen. En este artículo se presenta una aproximación teórica a las miradas postestructuralistas sobre el Trabajo Social. En concreto, se analiza el lugar que Michel Foucault y Jacques Donzelot conceden al Trabajo Social en el conjunto de transformaciones de las estrategias de poder de los últimos tres siglos. En el centro de la argumentación tienen especial protagonismo el desarrollo de la biopolítica, la constitución de las familias nucleares en las clases populares, la emergencia de lo social y su reciente devenir en lo social competitivo. Se extrae de la indagación teórica y bibliográfica que, para estos autores, el trabajo social constituye un conjunto de prácticas que cumplen la función social de vigilancia-corrección, en especial sobre los sujetos agrupados en categorías de grupos vulnerables. Se aporta una perspectiva crítica e histórica de la intervención social profesional, entendida como fuerza normalizadora, que lleva los discursos higienistas, familiaristas y psicológicos hacia las clases populares. El trabajo social se inserta en la regulación de las familias modernas, la crianza de los hijos y la expansión de las políticas sociales, y en este sentido, desempeña un rol crucial en la gestión del conflicto social.

Through dialogue with Roberto Esposito's work, I reconceptualize modernity as a historically specific modulation of the transhistorical biopolitical prohibition of incest, that is, the prohibition of (the) self-referentiality (of blood). This specific modulation defining capitalist modernity involves a transition from aristocratic "sanguinity"-where power legitimizes itself on the basis of its past actualized creative power of blood (ancestry) -to bourgeois "sexuality"-whereby power asserts itself on the basis of its future potential of self-actualization (progeny) (Foucault / Spinoza). The modern double prohibition of selfreferentiality and self-actualization extends from progeny to the products of any form of labor, as the power to actualize itself (Marx). Further, self-actualization means that each individual (human or not) is produced through affecting and being affected by all other individuals (Deleuze) -in short, each individual is transindividual (Balibar). I conclude by addressing the effects of today's pandemic on transindividuality.

This chapter of my book Bodies Out of Rule (2014) considers John Greyson's Zero Patience – a 1993 musical satire on the early days of the AIDS epidemic – in the context of the epidemiological and immunity discourses inherent in neoliberal biopolitics. Greyson's film can be read as a queer critique of the broadly understood epidemiological operations of biopower, especially its authoritarian systematizations and taxonomizations that establish a certain "regime of truth" and are a necessary condition for the effective regulation of social practices and subjects. Through my reading of Greyson's film, I argue for a queer reclamation of the feared figure of the virus as a thoroughly transversal figure that transcends existing boundaries, identities, and cognitive categories.

In the last few years, there has been a minor explosion of Indian cinema-related events in Australia. How may we read this contemporary presence of Bollywood in Australia as a neoliberal archive of Australia's multicultural present? How is Bollywood part of an affective biopolitics generated in the main by members of the South Asian diaspora? How does this recent interface between multiculturalism, neoliberalism and Bollywood mark becoming Indian in Australia? This becoming Indian in Australia is fraught as the distinctions of the lived memories of the Indian diaspora in Australia compete with unlived memories of belonging, generated in effect by state forms of branding Australia and Indians in Australia. Drawing on the concept of Bollywood as an assemblage, this paper seeks to address these questions in a critical manner.

The aim of this article is to analyze the non-verbal parameters evidenced in the school context, from an ethnographic perspective guided by school psychology and based on Foucauldian theory, seeking to (re)update and understand the demands in the educational environment. From a Foucauldian perspective, concepts such as biopower and disciplinary devices were used to analyze how institutional practices shape subjectivities in the school environment. The methodology adopted and applied was ethnographic research focusing on the interactions between teachers, students and the architecture of the school space in a public school located in Franca, São Paulo state. Direct observations were made in the ninth year of elementary school. Additional data was collected from interviews with teachers and analysis of institutional documents. By analyzing the historical development of formal education and the influences of psychology, we sought to understand the social and cultural aspects that shape the way society works. Michel Foucault analyses the school as an institution that exercises disciplinary power through surveillance, standardization and control of conduct. For him, practices such as separation into classes, strict timetables and punishments promote the docility of bodies, placing the school in the same disciplinary context as prisons and hospitals. School not only transmits knowledge, but also reproduces hierarchies and behavioral patterns that shape subjectivities useful to society. Thus, from the earliest years, pedagogical mechanisms such as constant surveillance and assessments consolidate disciplinary power, structuring both the behavior and values of individuals. For Foucault, the school is a microcosm of society, where discipline and the power exercised over bodies are manifested in the conduct of teachers and staff, architecture, teaching methodologies, routines and other pillars that support the material and subjective dimensions of educational institutions. In Brazil and in other global contexts, advances in knowledge about education and legislative developments have brought significant achievements, but have also exposed remnants of periods marked by oppressive practices. The expected results seek to contribute to a broader understanding of educational practices, promoting reflections on the relations of power and subjectivation in the school environment, and providing subsidies for interventions aimed at improving pedagogical conditions.

Inmediatamente después de interesarse por el magnetismo animal, y seguramente como consecuencia de dicho interés, E.T.A. Hoffmann hizo de los autómatas personajes centrales en algunas de sus obras más notables. El presente trabajo pretende mostrar cómo este interés revela la actitud crítica del escritor hacia un modo de concebir al ser humano que, desarrollándose paralelamente a una medicina basada en la anatomía, había desembocado en el siglo XVIII en un estado de opinión que tiene su más acabada expresión en L'homme machine, de J. O. De La Mettrie. Estos relatos, como los dedicados al magnetismo animal, nos parecen hoy un grito de alerta frente a una de las consecuencias de esa concepción mecánica del ser humano: el despliegue del «biopoder», o de la «biopolítica», conceptos formulados por Foucault en sus últimas obras; pero también frente a los riesgos que entraña la voluntad prometeica de la modernidad.

Este artículo explora la figura del homo sacer a través de tres obras: Mapocho de Nona Fernández (2002), Montacerdos de Cronwell Jara (1981) y La muerte y la doncella de Ariel Dorfman (1990). La biopolítica, popularizada por Michel Foucault y expandida por Giorgio Agamben, es utilizada para investigar cómo se manifiestan el estado de excepción y el homo sacer en contextos históricos y sociales de América Latina. Este trabajo revela un eurocentrismo implícito en Agamben al no considerar situaciones de Latinoamérica, como la esclavitud, el colonialismo y las dictaduras militares, realidades que configuran un panorama biopolítico propio del continente. Las tres obras literarias analizadas muestran cómo el colonialismo y el neocolonialismo han generado y perpetuado un estado de excepción que produce cuerpos marginados. Este estudio amplía el análisis de Agamben e invita a reflexionar sobre la persistencia de la violencia en la región, sugiriendo que la literatura es un medio poderoso para visibilizar y cuestionar estas realidades.

Resumo: O presente artigo pretende apresentar, concisamente, o conceito de campo e como ele foi um absoluto espaço biopolítico. A relação entre o estado de exceção permanente (o campo) e a biopolítica foi apresentada a partir da obra de Giorgio Agamben. Concluiu-se que o campo foi um absoluto espaço biopolítico, porque, nele, as cesuras biopolíticas não recaíam sobre a zoé politizada, mas sobre a vida nua que não podia mais ser inscrita no ordenamento jurídico. Entendendo a estrutura do campo, pode--se fortalecer a nossa luta contra os espaços de exceção existentes dentro das atuais democracias.

O que esse artigo intenta demonstrar é que a constituição da ideologia neoliberal entrelaça formas de viver e processos de governamentalização apoiadas sobre as políticas sociais com a assunção de orientações para a gestão técnica da pobreza inspiradas pela lógica do mercado. O resultado disto é a produção de um indivíduo que se rende cada vez mais atomizado, seja quando visto como portador de capital humano e dependente de sua resiliência para superação da pobreza, seja quando tomado como empreendedor de si mesmo para tornar-se rentável e competitivo no mercado de trabalho. O que esse conjunto proporciona, ou explicita, é a vinculação indispensável entre neoliberalismo e biopoder na tessitura da sociedade capitalista contemporânea. As considerações finais identificam a fetichização da mercadoria força de trabalho, os efeitos das políticas sociais de orientação neoliberal e a necessária criação de outras formas de cooperação produtiva de classe-para-si para a classe trabalhadora.

espanolEste trabajo presenta un analisis comparativo del acercamiento al estudio de las emociones desde la perspectiva del pensamiento sociologico y la critica a la biopolitica contemporanea. El objetivo de este trabajo es aproximarnos a senalar las diferencias entre la sociologia clasica y en particular, la sociologia de las emociones y los estudios de la biopolitica contemporanea. La aproximacion de la critica de la biopolitica se hace con los pensamientos elaborados de Roberto Esposito y de Giorgio Agamben mas que con el clasico trabajo de Michael Foucault. Se expone en particular el transito de la sociedad rural a la urbana o el proceso de modernizacion que supone la perdida de la comunidad y la preeminencia del individuo desde ambas perspectivas. En particular se presenta un estudio de caso del analisis de este proceso desde la sociologia de las emociones, se analizara como la critica a la biopolitica nos proporciona la posibilidad de cuestionar las dicotomias propias del pensa...

Based on the ethnographic work I conducted with a group of Brazilian travesti sex workers in Rio de Janeiro and Barcelona, this article aims to analyze how they adopt technologies to transform and beautify their bodies that question the biomedical model of our society: their bodies are not read as "docile", "healthy", or "productive" since they do not "fit into", nor pretend to fit into the dominant sexual binary. On the other hand, beauty -as a political and transformative field -is one of the main elements that travestis have to find their place in the world through their (trans)national displacements: they are self-constructing as social subjects who claim some intelligibility while they become beautiful travestis. Therefore, travestis believe that beauty is a (transitory) space of liberation that, ultimately, reveals how certain biopolitical technologies have failed to produce undisciplined bodies and beautiful travestis who -through their survivalrebel against a heteronormative power that considers that their bodies are not worthy of mourning and, consequently, "deserve to die".

The transformation of the concept of freedom in modern society is presented in a general form as a fundamental departure from the established understanding of individual freedom and the loss of its ethnological and ethical dimension for the modern individual. Key words: freedom, individual, population, biomass, biopower. Представлено у загальному вигляді трансформація концепту свободи в сучасному суспільстві як принциповий відхід від усталеного розуміння індивідуальної свободи і втрата його отнологічно-етичного виміру для сучасного індивіда. Ключові слова: свобода, індивід, населення, біомаса, біовлада

The article explores the latest opportunities for refined control over individuals by power structures within the so-called surveillance capitalism of contemporary society. It highlights the use of advanced tools of digitalization and mediatization, as well as the formation of new types of subjectivity. It identifies the mechanisms through which modern power relations in a control society (domination and coercion of individuals) emerge, differing significantly from traditional forms of governance and control in pre-modern and early modern European societies. The discussion is based on Michel Foucault's concept of socio-historical types of power relations in societies, including sovereign power, disciplinary society, and control society in its current digital form. The paper analyzes the history of concepts such as biopower, biopolitics, and biomass introduced by Foucault, starting with his studies of disciplinary society. It demonstrates that biopower, aimed at managing masses and controlling individuals, implemented mechanisms during the disciplinary society that have evolved further in today's control society through digitalization and mediatization. Its essence involves transforming people into civilian individuals with formal democratic rights and freedoms while simultaneously maintaining the totalization of the population as biomass. The state is shown to simultaneously undertake the functions of totalization and individualization in the formation of modern subjectivity, from which individuals attempt to escape through nomadic practices and techniques of freedom that guarantee authentic subjectivation. It argues that with the extensive use of the socio-philosophical doctrine of neo-behaviorism, the formation of representations and behaviors of individuals is justified at all levels of their life activities. This creates conditions for the emergence of new types of subjectivity that fully satisfy neo-globalists. As a result of this long-term process of modern biopolitics, not only has the role of democratic institutions in contemporary society diminished, but neoliberalism could become the "breeding ground" for digital totalitarian regimes of governance and control.

This article theorizes the state as central to the construction of racism in the Republic of Ireland, which, since the 1990s economic boom, has become an in-migration destination. State racism culminated in the 2004 Citizenship Referendum, in which, at a majority of four to one, the Irish electorate voted for the removal of birth-right citizenship to children of migrants. Based on Goldberg's theory of the racial state, which, in constructing homogeneity, obscures existing heterogeneities, and on Foucault's theory of biopolitics, leading to the state supposedly caring for the population through a series of technologies aiming to regulate and manage racial diversities, the article examines recent developments in Ireland's immigration and asylum policies. The debates around the Citizenship Referendum are theorized as constructing what Balibar terms 'crisis racism', blaming migrants for the problems of the system.

La noción de biopolítica, acuñada por Michel Foucault para explicar la relación entre política, cuerpo y vida, se transformó en uno de los campos más extendidos del pensamiento filosófico y político. Esta fecundidad se expresa en la publicación reciente de los cursos que Foucault le dedicó al tema, en la diversidad de enfoques desarrollada por los autores que la estudian actualmente y en las aplicaciones que permite llevar a cabo merced a las transformaciones notorias de la biología y la medicina en las últimas tres décadas. Este artículo realiza un balance de estas interpretaciones y propone, asimismo, un criterio de demarcación de los fenómenos biopolíticos a la luz de las transformaciones biomédicas mencionadas. A partir de dicho criterio de demarcación se postula la emergencia de nuevos dispositivos biopolíticos: el dispositivo genético, el dispositivo fitness y el dispositivo de la salud perfecta.

This article analyzes the role of gender identity in the political and professional trajectory of the lawyer Madariaga Gutiérrez (1942-2009), legal advisor, minister and ambassador of the Military Junta lead by General Augusto Pinochet between 1974 and 1985. Through a critical discourse analysis of her memoirs, interviews, and interventions in the sessions of the Junta, we argue that a key to her professional and political success in a male-dominated military world was the practice of a masculinized and subordinated gender performance, which simultaneously reproduced and challenged the patriarchal ideology of the military dictatorship. This analysis contributes to re-evaluate the political and legal history of Latin American authoritarian regimes from a gender perspective and adds complexity to the narratives about the inclusion of women in the legal profession.

The main concern of the first eugenists, such as Karl Pearson and Walter Weldon of University College London , were the perceived intelligence factors considered to be correlated with the social class. In his speech "Darwinism, Medical Progress and Eugenics", Karl Pearson equates eugenics with a field of medicine. Some areas of medicine that are not commonly recognized as eugenic affect the human genes background. These include sterilization and surgical techniques that allow the functioning of reproductive organs. Even medicines that do not directly involve reproductive organs can alter the gene pool. Genetic abnormalities in such individuals are thus duplicated, modifying the genetic background. On this basis, such practices are widely accepted as more radical eugenic processes

Bu yazı, kent ve sanat bağlantısını isyan ve direniş temelinde ele almayı denemektedir. Bu yazıda Gezi diren işinden hareketle, parktaki polis ablukasıyla bir açılış yapılmaktadır. Pomi'nin (Potansiyel Mimarlık İşliği) direniş sırasındaki bir deneyimi ve Almanya'daki kentsel/mimari bir başka deneyimin ardından, Agamben'in dispozitif kavramı ele alınmıştır. Kentte isyan konusu, önce kentsel ve mimari mevziler temelinde, ardından da gezi direnişi özelinde değerlendirilmektedir. İsyan konusu Scott okumaları çerçevesinde, biyopolitika/altpolitika karşıtlığı ile yorumlanmaktadır. Son bölümde, sanatla direnişin özgürlük, mücadele ve yaratıcılık ile ortak paydasına dair altı önerme ortaya konmaktadır.

Biyoetik ve biyopolitika, ikisinin ortak paydasını oluşturan etikten türemiştir; fakat bunların seçimi ve ahlaki prensiplerinin uygulanışı birbirinden farklı olabilmektedir, hatta bu farklılık tamamen birbirlerinin zıddı olmaya kadar da gidebilmektedir. Biyoetik ve biyopolitikaların sözünü ettiğimiz bu etkileşimini anlamak açısından Helsinki Bildirgesinin izini sürmenin anlamlı olduğunu düşünmekteyiz. Bildirgenin revizyonlarını incelediğimizde ve 2008 ile 2013 revizyonlarını karşılaştırmalı değerlendirdiğimizde, klinik araştırma dünyasında biyoetik ve politikaların çatışmasını/kesişmesini görmek mümkün olacaktır. 1952 yılında Dünya Tabipler Birliği (DTB) bünyesinde kurulan etik komisyon, 1961 yılında gönüllülerin araştırmalarda kullanımı ve bu araştırmalarda hekimlere rehberlik edecek bir metnin oluşturulması için taslak metin oluşturdu. Bu taslak DTB'nin 18. Genel Kurulunda (Helsinki 1964) deklare edildi ve böylece biyomedikal uygulamalar, biyopolitikalar ve DTB'nin değişime uğrayan yapısını inceleyebileceğimiz bir kaynak metin edinmiş olduk. Çalışmamızda bu belge ışığında özellikle 2013 yılı revizyonundaki kaygıları biyopolitikalar çerçevesinde eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirecek; kapitalizmin sağlık üzerine etkilerinin izlerini süreceğiz.

In an era of mass extinction and biodiversity crisis, it is increasingly crucial to cultivate more just and inclusive multispecies futures. As mitigation and adaption efforts are formed in response to these crises, just transitions forward require intentional consideration of the hybrid entanglement of humans, human societies, and wider landscapes. We thus apply a critical hybridity framework to examine the entanglement of the pollinator crisis with the cultural and agricultural practice of hobbyist beekeeping. We draw on ethnographic engagements with Massachusetts beekeepers and find apiculture to be widely understood as a form of environmentalism—including as both a mitigation to and adaptation for the pollinator crisis. Illustrating how power-laden socioecological negotiations shape and reshape regional environments, we then discuss how this narrative relies on the capitalistic and instrumental logics characteristic of Capitalocene environmentalisms. These rationalities, which ob...

This Symposium reflects on the growing relevance of biopolitical perspectives in camps studies, border studies, refugee studies, and in particular in research at the intersection between mobility studies and political geography. The five interventions accordingly engage with questions regarding the use of biopolitics as an analytical framework, but also as a pervasive strategy and governmental tool in Western societies. Through an analysis of several empirical cases – most notably hotspots on the Greek Aegean Island, refugee’s forced hyper mobility in Europe, speech acts connected to the ethnic cleansing of the Rohingya people in Myanmar and the ‘voluntary return’ policies in Europe, and the paper borders created by visa systems – the authors indicate new possible fields of enquiry related to the biopolitical critically inspired by the work of authors such as Giorgio Agamben and Jasbir Puar, while also clearly restating the fundamental importance of Foucault’s original contribution ...

ε πεξηόδνπο ζνβαξήο θξίζεο, όπσο ζηελ ηξέρνπζα πγεηνλνκηθή θξίζε ηεο παλδεκίαο COVID-19, ην πξόηαγκα πξνζηαζίαο ηεο δεκόζηαο πγείαο κε όια ηα κέζα, θαη κε δηεηζδπηηθή παξαθνινύζεζε ζε βάξνο ησλ δηθαησκάησλ θαη ειεπζεξηώλ, είλαη γεληθά επηβεβιεκέλν θαη ζεκηηό ζε όιεο ηηο ρώξεο. Σν πξόβιεκα είλαη δπζθνιόηεξν ζηηο δεκνθξαηηθέο ρώξεο ζηηο νπνίεο γηα λα ππάξρεη εκπηζηνζύλε ησλ πνιηηώλ ζηνπο ζεζκνύο θαη εθνύζηαο ζπκκόξθσζεο ζηα κέηξα απνηξνπήο ηεο παλδεκίαο πξέπεη λα ιεηηνπξγνύλ νη δεκνθξαηηθνί κεραληζκνί ειέγρνπ γηα δηαθάλεηα θαη ινγνδνζία, αιιά θαη δηαβεβαίσζε θαηάξγεζεο ησλ έθηαθησλ κέηξσλ κεηά ην πέξαο ηεο παλδεκίαο.Έηζη, αλ ζηηο ρώξεο κε απηαξρηθέο θπβεξλήζεηο πνπ δελ αληηκεησπίδνπλ ην δίιεκκα πγείαο θαη ειεπζεξίαο, ε πεηζάξρεζε θαη γεληθά ν έιεγρνο επηβάιιεηαη κε θαηαπηεζηηθά κέηξα θαη κε ην θόβν απζηεξώλ θπξώζεσλ, ζηηο δεκνθξαηηθέο ρώξεο πνπ πιήηηνληαη από ηνλ Covit-19 ην πξόηαγκα ηεο δεκόζηαο πγείαο δηθαηνινγεί κόλν έθηαθηα θαη πξνζσξηλά αθξαία κέηξα, κε βάζε ηελ πεηζώ θαη εκπηζηνζύλε ησλ πνιηηώλ ζηνπο ζεζκνύο. Μέηξα εγθιεηζκνύ (lockdown) θαη κεραληζκνί δηεηζδπηηθήο βηνπνιηηηθήοπαξαθνινύζεζεο (biopolitical-surveillance) (ΒΠ) θαη ιεπηνκεξνύο ηρλειάηεζεο ησλ επαθώλ (contact -tracking) κε λόκηκε παξαβίαζε ηνπ απόξξεηνπ ησλ επηθνηλσληώλ γηα ηελ αληηκεηώπηζε ηνπ ηνύ, κε ή ρσξίο ηε ζπλαίλεζε ησλ ρξεζηώλ, εθαξκόδνληαη θαη από δεκνθξαηηθέο θπβεξλήζεηο γηα λα αληηκεησπίζνπλ ηελ παλδεκία θαη λα ζσζνύλ δσέο. Σν πξόβιεκαόκσο είλαη νη κεραληζκνί απηνί πνπ θαηαξγνύλ δηθαηώκαηα θαη ειεπζεξίεο λα γίλνληαη κε αλαινγηθόηεηα θαη δεκνθξαηηθή ινγνδνζία, θαη ην θπξηόηεξν λα κελ παγησζνύλ ζηε κεηαπαλδεκηθή πεξίνδν. Γηόηη νη ζπλέπεηεο ησλ κέηξσλ πνπ ζεζπίδνληαη ζήκεξα κπνξεί λα είλαη κόληκεο θαη ε θαηάξγεζε ησλ κεραληζκώλ απηώλ ζα είλαη δύζθνιε κε ηελ επίθιεζε ηνπ θόβνπ επαλεκθάληζεο επηδεκηώλ (Κνληηάδεο 2020,Βιαρόπνπινο 2020). Θα πξέπεη λα δηεπθξηλίζνπκε εμ αξρήο ηνπο όξνπο «επηηήξεζε» θαη «παξαθνινύζεζε», ηδίσο γηα ηα επαίζζεηα πξνζσπηθά δεδνκέλα ηεο πγείαο ή αζζέλεηαο ησλ αηόκσλ. Αλ θαη όξνη «επηηήξεζε» θαη «παξαθνινύζεζε» ζπρλά ρξεζηκνπνηνύληαη ζηελ Διιάδα σο ηαπηόζεκνη όξνη, δηαθξίλνληαη κε κηα πνηνηηθή δηαθνξά, ηδίσο ζηα επαίζζεηα ζέκαηα πγείαο. Η επηηήξεζε (overseering, superintendence) αθνξά κηα πξνδηαγεγξακκέλε θαη γλσζηή ζην ππνθείκελν δεδνκέλσλ (datasubject) επνπηηθή δξάζε

The COVID-19 pandemic has largely been made sense of as acrisis. However, usingcrisisas a temporal-analytical category arguably obscures the complexity of the different temporalities at work in the pandemic. In this article, we examine how the pandemic outbreak led to numerous acts of synchronisation and de-synchronisation—between humans and viruses, between social groups and even between historical ages. In order to make sense of the temporal consequences of an epidemic, we introduce the concept of ‘temporal technologies’, understood as a set of procedures that control, regulate, produce and assemble time in relational networks of both human and non-human actors. This article thus attempts to create a framework for understanding the epidemic experience in temporal terms by using ‘temporal technologies’ as an analytical tool.

La articulacion de la politica con lo viviente humano queda manifiesta con el surgimiento de la biopolitica en la modernidad. La politica conlleva un rango ontologico que implica la vida. El discurso del capitalismo y el discurso de la ciencia se despliegan despojando a la politica de su rango ontologico, propiciando un tratamiento de lo viviente que se extiende hasta el horror.A partir de lo vivo reunido con la forma que le es propia en su naturaleza singular, la politica recupera su rango ontologico. ?Otra politica no-estatal? Palabras clave Politica, Vida, Ontologia, Capitalismo ABSTRACT POLITICS, LIFE, ONTOLOGY The joint politics with living human is manifested by the emergence of biopolitics in modernity. The policy entails an ontological range involving life. The discourse of capitalism and science discourse unfold stripping the politics of its ontological status , promoting treatment of the living that extends to the horror. From the living together in the form of its own in ...

The article prompts readers to reflect on the discrepancy between the study of migration and its object. The "science of migration", Palidda writes, fails to account adequately for the lived experience of migrant women and men; this is due to the discourse it produces, and the practices activated by those who benefit from the phenomenon of migration. This discourse is based on knowledges, assumptions, theorems, schemes, and paradigms that make up the rhetorical scenario of migration, with its positive and negative categories and the definitions of all these aspects. The rhetoric of the "science of migration" therefore serves the ends of both the opponents and supporters of migration. This dualism shapes the social imaginary of the public opinion, substantially based on the fear of an invasion that is being exploited to deny fundamental human rights to migrant women and men and to cover over their subordinate conditions as (new) slaves within the neoliberal order. Salvatore Palidda, Born in Sicily, after a period as union and political militant, in the early 70s I was also a worker in Germany and then in France; since 1981 I have studied and started my academic career at EHESS of Paris and as foreign researcher of the French CNRS. I returned to Italy in 1992 first at the EUI, then in Milan and finally in Genoa as professor of sociology and other subjects until December 2018. Th main fields of my critical research are military and police affairs, migrations, criminality and the consequences of the liberal drift at local and global scale. I have published over 70 texts in different languages and over 80 in Italian.

In deze tekst breng ik voor een laatste keer beide grote onderwerpen van mijn werk samen: de samenleving en psychose. Mijn bedoeling is enerzijds een meer zinvolle kadering en behandeling uit te werken voor psychose, en anderzijds dankzij een gedegen inzicht in deze dynamiek ook voor de samenleving een gunstiger perspectief te schetsen.

Este trabajo considera esquematicamente el ejercicio del biopoder en la regulacion de la comida y la bebida, examinando la espacialidad del biopoder y de la biopolitica a partir de sus manifestaciones en las sucesivas regulaciones de dos tipos de bebida clave: las bebidas alcoholicas y la leche liquida. En la practica, el trabajo analiza las leyes de la abstinencia del siglo XIX y la pasteurizacion obligatoria de la leche en los Estados Unidos durante el siglo XX, haciendo hincapie en las estrategias espaciales por las que el biopoder extendio su dominio del tracto intestinal a diferentes terrenos politicos. El articulo sugiere que la resistencia biopolitica desarrolla a su vez estrategias espaciales.

the global struggle with Covid-19, firstly in China, then elsewhere, ill-prepared governments were scrambling to formulate policies balancing such intractable imponderables as ‘lockdown versus openness’, weighing the dangers of a health catastrophe against those of wrecking the economy. The stakes could hardly have been higher. Early estimates of possible deaths from Covid in the UK spoke of 500,000. On the other hand, the World Bank judges that the pandemic ‘has triggered the most widespread global economic meltdown since at least 1870 and risks fuelling a dramatic rise in poverty levels around the globe’.

La línea de investigación planteada por Michel Foucault de 1976 a 1979 la cual se centra predominantemente en la historia de las prácticas gubernamentales obliga al autor francés a replantear las relaciones de poder en términos de gobierno. Una vez se delimita un nuevo modelo de análisis ya no bélico sino sistèmico sobre las relaciones de poder la libertad se vuelve un problema central para comprender las prácticas de gobierno, en especial sus formas liberales. Este trabajo discute la relación entre biopolítica y liberalismo desde el ángulo de la libertad. Se examina el desarrollo de la racionalidad económica en las prácticas de gobierno del liberalismo clásico, el ordoliberalismo alemán y el ncolibcralismo norteamericano. Finalmente, se muestra la relevancia de la libertad no solo por su función central en los mecanismos de control sino por su relevancia fundamental para el proceso de auto-creación como sujetos. La libertad se constituye en el blanco de todos los controles pero es ...

The COVID lockdowns were characterised by new forms of governmentality as lives were disrupted and controlled through the vertical transmission of biopolitics by the state. The paper considers how this was experienced by academics in 11 different countries through analysis of diaries written during the first lockdown. The paper asks if communities can offer an alternative to governmentality by looking at three levels: the national, the neighbourhood and the personal. Whilst at a national level the idea of community was instrumentalised to encourage compliance to extraordinary measures, at the local level community compassion through helping neighbours encouraged horizontal connections that could offer a “space” within the dominant logic of governmentality. At the level of personal communities, the digitalisation of social relationships helped to create supportive networks over widely dispersed areas but these were narrowly rather than widely focused, avoiding critical discussion.

This article aims to problematize the marketing network that markets the stem cells present in the umbilical cord through the analysis of statements made by relatives about their relationship with the umbilical cord, collected on homepages of Brazilian private banks. Based on the Foucaultian archegenealogical studies, we argue that one of the facets of contemporary biopolitics is centered on the regulation and normalization of bodies and health, as well as the accumulation of biological capital through the autologous storage of umbilical cells. It is specifically a cut of a master's research carried out by the research laboratory in "Science, Technology and Creation", within the scope of the Graduate Program in Contemporary Culture Studies, Federal University of Mato Grosso. In this work, we call attention to the forms of subjectivity that emerge in the commercialization of umbilical stem cells, characterized mainly by self-management and indebtedness.

Emotional well-being contributes to overall happiness, fulfillment, and the ability to thrive in various aspects of life. Emotional well-being is not merely the absence of negative emotions but encompasses the cultivation of positive emotions, resilience, self-awareness, and the development of strong interpersonal relationships. There has been gaps in the literature on emotional well-being, especially among Black, Indigenous and People of Colour (BIPOC) communities. With the objectives of identifying their challenges and strategic interventions in achieving emotional well-being through a social justice and equity lens, a scoping review of literature was undertaken, utilizing databases namely, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Social Sciences Abstracts. We extracted 23 peer-reviewed articles as selected out of 170 articles in the literature search. The review findings highlighted the need to delve deeper into understanding the distinct components of emotional well-being within BIPOC populations: (1) Protective and risk factors, (2) Land tenure/ownership, (3) School climate, (4) Racism as determinants of health, (5) Nature-based health and well-being practices, (6) Healthy dose of nature, yoga, and meditation, (7) Indigenous approaches and inter-cultural diversity, (8) East Kimberly concept of health and illness, (9) Deficit-based mental health and paleo-deficit disease and, (10) Strategies for promoting emotional well-being. Our findings suggest that the systemic challenges the BIPOC communities encounter significantly impede their capacity to achieve and sustain optimal emotional well-being, ultimately resulting in adverse outcomes for their overall health and quality of life. We conclude that culturally informed community care and intervention can promote emotional well-being and contribute to human flourishing.

Pandemics are by definition public health threats so significant that they demand a coordinated global response that fundamentally alters the human, social, and economic dynamics of everyday life through heavily regulated restrictions of the movement of people, products, and capital. The primary goal of such interventions is to minimize the potential for the transmission of the pathogen within and across communities. Public spaces, transit areas, and the ordinariness of everyday life are fundamentally recalibrated so that the pathways of pathogen transmission are disrupted. Yet, it is in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in which 'struggling to breathe' is a key symptom, that the world has witnessed widespread protests against the killing of George Floyd, who like Eric Garner was suffocated to death as part of systematic violence perpetrated against African-American men by the US policing system. Protests against these violent deaths have often been accompanied by chants of 'I can't breathe' which is both a repetition of the dying words of those killed and an emphasis on the literal and metaphorical difficulties that Black men encounter as targets of systemic racism (Aymer, 2016). These protests represent the very antithesis of the recalibrations required to contain the spread of the disease, and it is precisely this juxtaposition of transmission risk for a respiratory disease through protest against the suffocating effects of police violence that the full force of the brutally racialized social determinants of violence and vulnerability to the communicable disease (COVID-19) is starkly apparent. Thus, a reading of the biopolitics (Foucault, 1997) linking the social epidemiology of the pandemic to protests against the transnational crisis of racism may provide a potentially useful resource for better understanding the governing logic binding race, violence and the virus at this critical historical moment. While the data describing the social epidemiology of COVID-19 are at best provisional, the rapid re-engineering of our temporal, spatial, economic, and social architectures under lockdown provides us with an important moment to situate the scourge of state violence within a global and local public health response mobilized to protect lives . In identifying SARS-CoV-2 virus as an 'invisible enemy', global governments guided by the public health logic

By the early 1990s the paedophile as a 'type' of child sexual abuse (CSA) perpetrator was prioritised for study and intervention by the South African socio-medical sciences and cases of paedophilia featured prominently in the media reporting of the time. Drawing on the genealogical method as derived from Michel Foucault, this study aimed to account for this relatively recent emergence of the paedophile as an object of socio-medical study and social anxiety within the South African archive. Based on an analysis of archival texts against the backdrop of international biopolitics and local conditions of political possibility, the genealogy contends that the early figure of the paedophile was an instrument and effect of apartheid biopolitics. The paedophile was prioritised for research and escalated as social threat in the public imagination as part of the broader apartheid project aimed at protecting white hegemony through the ongoing surveillance of and health interventions directed towards South Africa's white children. While the apartheid project constructed black children as posing fundamental threats to white supremacy, discourses beginning in the mid-1980s repositioned them as vulnerable victims of apartheid itself. It was from within these discourses that child sexual abuse (CSA) as a public health concern began to crystallise. By locating blackness within the fields of discipline and desire, the material conditions for an ever-expanding net of sexual surveillance were established. The study thus demonstrates that even the paedophile cannot be effectively researched without considering the historical coordinates that so powerfully contoured its emergence as an important object of study and social intervention within South Africa's highly racialised systems of thought.

Este texto explora a relação entre discurso, envelhecimento e loucura,
destacando como a velhice, ao lado da transgressão linguística e cultural,
manifesta-se como exclusão social e marginalização. A análise aborda exemplos literários e teatrais que representam o envelhecimento e a loucura como signos interligados, retratando a vulnerabilidade social e subjetiva dos indivíduos idosos, especialmente aqueles fora da norma heteronormativa. A partir de discussões teóricas de Pêcheux, Gadet, Foucault e Lacan, o texto explora como o corpo envelhecido é tratado como abjeto, exposto à alienação e rejeição. A velhice surge como metáfora do confronto com o real, onde o corpo e o discurso denunciam a estrutura ideológica que sustenta a juventude como valor social.

My main research focus is ethnographies and the lived experience of people of color, particularly women of color, working in the international assistance sector. As a senior global advisor focusing on decolonization and systemic change, I am driven to explore how to promote theories of change within this sector, which in my view continues to dehumanize the global South and to center the knowledge, "pragmatism," and resilient capacity of the global North. Specifically, I argue that the colonial and current neocolonial approaches by the West contribute to the ongoing subjugation of bodies in the global South. This paper investigates the implications of necropolitics on people of color in the international humanitarian aid sector, analyzing how racial biases shape relations among workers within this sector while curtailing its ability to serve and empower communities within the global South.