Architecture Science and Technology

Characteristic of the modern development of the theory of proportions was a methodical search for instruments allowing practical applications of the numerical ratios that had governed cosmic order and the canons of beauty since Antiquity. Keen attention was focused on the invention of new proportional instruments starting from the late 15th century, when Leonardo designed some sophisticated compasses for proportional calculation 1 . Antonio da Sangallo the Younger invented a compass for calculating cube roots, while Albrecht Dürer described various proportional instruments used by artists in his famous treatise on the proportions of the human body  . In the mid-sixteenth century excellent instruments of new invention began to circulate in the European courts, such as Fabrizio Mordente's « compasso magistrale », designed for astronomical, geometrical and mechanical applications, Jacques Besson's « Euclidean compasses » for topographical and surveying applications, Bartolomeo Romano's « proteo militare », which, among its many applications, was used « to form […] the five orders of columns, which in the Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian and Composite buildings, are used by expert Architects » ; and lastly, Galileo's geometric and military compasses, which enclosed the entire mathematical culture of the Renaissance within a series of seven proportional lines  .

As various architects, theorists, and historians have pointed out, no material has been more closely associated with the origins and development of modern architecture than concrete. This status is partly linked to the fact that concrete seemed to epitomize the relations between modern architecture and technology, relations that were seen as crucial by the founding fathers of the modern movement.

In the past years, the relations between architecture and the sciences have been repeatedly scrutinized. Books and articles have been devoted to the subject by theorists and historians, 1 while practitioners like Foreign Office Architects claim to be inspired by it. 2 Why this interest, and what can we say about the status of the scientific reference in architectural theory and practice? These are the two questions I would like to address here.

ISSN 2393-3208
Lucrarile conferintei de cercetare in constructii, economia constructiilor, urbanism si amenajarea teritoriului, Editia a Xa: Concepte si solutii inovative pentru adaptarea la schimbarile climatice, Bucuresti, 16th October 2015 | Proceedings Book - Conference URBAN INCERC INCD: 10th edition of the research conference on constructions, economy of buildings, architecture, urban and territorial development | INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS AND SOLUTIONS FOR ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGES, BUCHAREST, OCTOBER 2015. http://incd.ro/evenimente/

In the increasingly competitive world of technology, building design lags behind in comparison to other fields and architects need to broaden their abilities to survive if they are not to be regarded as mere stylists. Confronted with an expanding range of exciting new materials and components, designers" creative energies should seek to find ways in which built environments may take advantage of these to increase standards and enhance our quality of life, reduce wastage or provide opportunities to make better buildings. The process of design should always consider alternative strategies to achieve these goals, through questioning or restating the problems, and testing new and different technologies at detail level. In this, the ability to attune the wider strategy of the design goals with the more precise detail or technique that will make this possible is an essential design skill. Learning to understand where and how innovation can be appropriately applied should be a vital and integral part of design education and if this is not happening in schools of architecture, we should ask "why?"

ABSTRAK Penerangan pada malam hari bisa dihasilkan oleh pencahayaan buatan dengan menggunakan lampu. Pemanfaatan jenis dan penempatan lampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap kuat penerangan yang dihasilkan. Selain dari sumber penerangan, tata letak meja dan kursi dalam ruangan tersebut juga memberikan efek terhadap kuat penerangan yang diterima. Letak meja yang tepat berada di bawah lampu lebih maksimal menerima penerangan dibandingkan dengan meja yang letaknya lebih jauh. Penempatan layout yang salah bisa memberikan efek negatif untuk kelangsungan proses perkuliahan. Universitas Teknologi Sulawesi Utara (UTSU) merupakan salah satu penyelenggara pendidikan yang memiliki program perkuliahan malam di Manado. Pihak kampus berusaha memaksimalkan penggunaan ruangan dalam bangunan yang di alihfungsikan dari ruko menjadi kampus. Sehingga sistem pencahayaan yang digunakan hanya mengikuti sistem yang sudah tersedia dalam bangunan ruko tersebut. Dengan adanya penelitian ini, kita bisa melihat kembali efisiensi sistem pencahayaan ruko yang digunakan untuk ruang kuliah dan memberikan masukan kalau ternyata harus ada perubahan dalam desain dan sistem yang sudah ada. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar tujuan dari pelaksanaan proses perkuliahan bisa terwujud dalam menghasilkan lulusan yang berkualitas. kebutuhan ruangan. Nilai kuat penerangan yang direkomendasikan untuk ruang perkuliahan yaitu 250 lux. Dengan adanya patokan ini diharapkan bahwa setiap perencanaan sistem penerangan untuk ruang kelas bisa dilakukan dengan baik sebelum digunakan sepenuhnya, mengingat kenyamanan visual masing-masing orang berbeda. Jadi diharapkan dengan perencanaan yang memenuhi standar bisa memenuhi kriteria kenyamanan manusia pada umumnya.

The relationship of architecture to the human body is a centuries-long and complex one, but not always symmetrical. This book opens a space for historians of the visual arts, archaeologists, architects, and digital humanities professionals to reflect upon embodiment, spatiality, science, and architecture in pre-modern and modern cultural contexts. "Architecture and the Body, Science and Culture" poses one overarching question: How does a period's understanding of bodies as objects of science impinge upon architectural thought and design? The answers are sophisticated, interdisciplinary explorations of theory, technology, symbolism, medicine, violence, psychology, deformity, and salvation, and they have unexpected and fascinating implications for architectural design and history. The new research published in this volume reinvigorates the Western survey-style trajectory from Archaic Greece to post-war Europe with scientifically-framed, body-centered provocations.

This chapter considers the sciencized body and architecture as it related to private academies in early modern Bologna. These 18th-century intellectual networks do not readily lend themselves to architectural analysis, because most groups met in unremarkable residences; moreover, some were short-lived or changed their meeting location frequently. This essay deploys spatial theories of cultural geographers like Henri Lefebvre to map the contours of science academies in Bologna. It highlights the role of the experimental scientists themselves in surpassing Renaissance theories of the body and architecture to anticipate the expression of caractère in architecture so important later in the 18th century.