Archaeology of Hunting

The Olson site (5BL147) is a multi-component rock walled game drive located in the James Peak wilderness
area of Northern Colorado, USA. It is one part of a much larger game drive complex located at
Rollins Pass, situated above modern tree limit and along the Continental Divide, at approximately
3600 m above sea level. Byron Olson and James Benedict conducted work at the site in the late 1960s.We
combined their efforts with our recent field and lab work to produce a synthetic overview of the site. At
least 45 blinds and 1307 m of rock walls are present, to funnel game upslope to waiting hunters.
Radiocarbon and lichenometric dates suggest occupations spanning the last 3200 years, with diagnostic
tools suggesting even older use. Lithic analysis of the debitage and tools, from both excavated (blinds)
and surface contexts (intercept and processing areas), provides possible scenarios for the use of the site.
Large game drives of the Colorado alpine zone represent accumulated landscapes of artifacts and features,
the byproduct of many years of construction, use, and re-use, and built for a variety of reasons.

This dissertation examines multiple scales of Indigenous history on the Northwest Coast from the disciplinary perspective of archaeology. I focus on cultural lifeways archaeologically represented in two key domains of human existence: food and settlement. The dissertation consists of six individual case studies that demonstrate the utility of applying multiple spatial and temporal scales to refine archaeological understanding of cultural and historical variability on the Northwest Coast over the Mid-to-Late Holocene (ca. 5,000-200 BP). The first of three regionally scaled analyses presents a coast-wide examination of fisheries data indicating that Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) exhibit a pervasive and previously under-recognized importance in Northwest Coast Indigenous subsistence practices. Next, I use zooarchaeological data from the southern British Columbia coast to identify a pattern of regional coherence in Coast Salish and Nuu-chah-nulth hunting traditions reflecting the scale of intergenerational cultural practice. The third study re-calibrates the settlement history of a small and historically significant locality in Coast Tsimshian territory (Prince Rupert Harbour) to clarify the temporal resolution of existing radiocarbon datasets and test inferences about social and political change. Following this regional exploration of scale, I document site-specific temporal variability in archaeological fisheries data from a Nuu-chah-nulth ‘big-house’ reflecting climatic and socio-economic change. I examine Indigenous oral histories and archaeological datasets to evaluate these parallel records of settlement in the neighbouring territory of an autonomous Nuu-chah-nulth polity before and during the occupation of a large defensive fortress. Finally, I demonstrate how everyday foodways are archaeologically expressed and reflect ecological differences and active management strategies within several spatially associated sites over millennial timescales. These linked case studies offer new clarity into long-standing debates concerning archaeologically relevant scales of cultural-historical variability on the NWC. They collectively demonstrate an enduring regional and temporal coherence for key aspects of Indigenous resource use and settlement and a historical dynamism at finer scales. I argue this has cultural, historical, and archaeological significance as well as relevance for contemporary understandings of the Northwest Coast environment. I conclude that a focus on the pervasive aspects of the everyday over millennia offers insight into individual actions across broader patterns of history.

SUMMARY: Chapter 7, in Renfrew & Bahn's textbook (Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice), covers how to assess past subsistence and diet, including plant food (e.g., macro- and microbotanical remains; plant residues; seasonality; domestication), animal resources (e.g., macro-faunal remains; age, sex, and seasonality; domestication; small fauna; types of exploitation), and assessing diet from human remains (e.g., stomach contents; feces; teeth; isotopic methods; bone collagen).  A small case study is placed at the end of this ppt. lecture, emphasizing some aspects of subsistence.  In my view, this is one of the best college textbooks available, and is invaluable for students, archaeologists, and the public in general, to obtain a top notch overview of approaching and interpreting the archaeological record. UPDATED May 2023.

Although the economy of the Predynastic Naqada culture (Egypt, 4th millennium BC) is based on agriculture and animal husbandry, hunting scenes are remarkably important in contemporaneous iconography. The semantic relationship between representations of hunting and military triumph shows that hunting is a remarkable part of a social ritual with religious and political aspects. Hunting is an important element of the elite manner of living and as such a major source of information on the development of social complexity leading to the pharaonic culture in Egypt.

Résumé
Au Ladakh, le bouquetin est l’animal de loin le plus représenté sur les pétroglyphes. Chassé à l’arc, puis au fusil, c’était – jusqu’à l’interdiction de sa chasse en 1978 – un gibier très convoité, tant par les populations locales que par les Britanniques au temps du Raj: les premières appréciant sa chair goûteuse, les seconds en collectionnant les trophées.
Animal de bon augure, associé à la fécondité, le bouquetin occupe par ailleurs, au sein de la faune ladakhi, une place prépondérante sur le plan symbolique: ses cornes sont présentes sur les autels dédiés aux divinités locales, des chants en font l’éloge, des danses le mettent en scène, des figurines de pâte à son effigie sont offertes lors de la naissance d’un enfant comme lors des cérémonies de mariage et présentées pour accueillir la nouvelle année.
Mots clés : Ladakh, bouquetin, archéologie, chasse, rituel
Abstract
In Ladakh the ibex is by far the most represented animal on petroglyphs. Hunted using a bow and arrow, then the rifle, it was – until a ban on hunting in 1978 – very sought- after as game, both by local populations and by Western travellers under British rule: the former appreciated its tasty flesh while the latter collected trophies of it. An auspi- cious animal associated with fertility, the ibex occupies, among Ladakhi fauna, a pro- minent place on a symbolic level ; its horns are to be found on altars dedicated to local deities, songs sing its praise, dances portray it, dough figurines shaped like it are offered at the birth of a child just as they are at wedding ceremonies and to welcome the New Year after the winter solstice.
Keywords: Ladakh, Ibex, Archaeology, Hunting, Ritual

Ever since the discovery of the site of Lepenski Vir, it was recognized that fishing had an important role in the settling of the Danube Gorges in the Mesolithic. The importance of wild game hunting has also been confirmed by the analyses of animal bones and emphasized ever since the first published archaeozoological reports. The issue of the role of terrestrial vs. aquatic resources in the diet has been addressed from the perspective of stable isotope analysis, with somewhat contrasting results. The analyses of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope ratios have suggested that the Mesolithic inhabitants of the Danube Gorges consumed considerable amounts of fish, with gradual broadening of the dietary spectrum to include terrestrial resources at the onset of the Neolithic (Bonsall et al. 1997; 2000; 2004; Grupe et al. 2003; Borić et al. 2004), whereas the analysis of sulphur (δ34S) isotope ratio has suggested that there have been significant inter- and intra-site variabilities in dietary practices (Nehlich et al. 2010). However, this issue had not so far been addressed in greater detail from an archaeozoological perspective, mainly due to great difficulties and biases in cross-referencing quantified mammal and fish remains, but also due to the fragmentary nature of faunal assemblages from some of the sites. Although the assessment of precise proportion of wild game meat vs. fish in the diet is elusive, particularly due to the differences in mammalian and fish skeletons, and biases affecting their survival and recovery, we attempted to tackle this issue by estimating their dietary contribution and nutritive potential on the basis of the sum of average weight of the minimum number of individuals for both mammals and fish. In addition, we estimated the proportion (size and number) of economically most important fish (cyprinids, Wels catfish and acipenserids) in the assemblages from the sites of Lepenski Vir, Vlasac and Padina. Even with methodological biases concerning recovery techniques employed during the old and new excavations, and different areas of the sites they have encompassed, we found that fish species composition on the three sites varied to some extent. Given the site locations, their short distance from one another and similar landscape and environmental conditions (vicinity of cataracts and large whirlpools), this propensity towards fishing particular kinds of fish could suggest that the sites functioned as specialized fishing centres, and held different species of fish in special regard.

The study on Palaeolithic hunting evolution provides important insights into the change of human subsistence strategies through time. The complex projectile technology (CPT) by using spearthrower or bow-and-arrow enabled humans to hunt diverse games efficiently. Recently, the tip cross-sectional area (TCSA) and tip cross-sectional perimeter (TCSP) values of stone tips are often employed as proxies to identify prehistoric arrowheads and darts. However, the morphometric analysis of the TCSA and TCSP values contain serious problems with the methodology, and would not give reliable results if only the TCSA and TCSP values are analyzed for identifying the use of CPT.

New roles for dogs and humans
Based on the archaeological finds during the Neolithic we interpret the relationship between humans and their dogs to have significantly changed. People gained an increased understanding of the dog's different, unique properties. The dogs were stimulated by the work and collaboration, and probably developed mentally. Maybe, dogs specialized in different tasks?
The dogs were adapted to the new activities that occurred during this time. Depending on the daily life and needs, we conclude thus that dogs collaborated in various ways with the people. Certainly, watching dogs were
needed as well as good hunting dogs for different kinds of tracking down and hunting. Field mouses and mice were a constant threat to human storages of both the new, grown corn and gathered plants. The arable fields were fenced during this time and the domesticated animals were held outside. Having herding dogs to collect and keep the livestock assembled did the work for the pastoralists much easier. Hunting dogs were as necessary and important as before.

Apart from the wild duck (Anas platyrhynchos) the white-tailed eagle ranks second in presence-absence counts on Mesolithic and Neolithic sites in the Lower Rhine Area. Its presence has often sparked discussions on an aspect of hunter-gatherer or early farmerlife in the Lower Rhine Area of which we know little: the symbolic connotations of objects and animals.
The white-tailed eagle has almost always taken center-stage wherever it occurs.The consistent presence of bones and claws of white-tailed eagles at many Mesolithic and Neolithic sites in the Lower Rhine Area may offer a window not so much onto this
raptor’s importance to diet as onto less tangible aspects of
past life. We would like to take this opportunity to investigate
the existing archaeological evidence and try to elucidate
some of this bird’s symbolic meaning for past communities
with the help of ethnographic and archaeological sources.

Die ‚Nobilitierung' von Rehbock und Fasan. Jagd‚ ‚Adel' und ‚Adligkeit' in Italien und Deutschland um 1900 1. Jagd und ‚Adligkeit' Landleben und Naturliebe im Allgemeinen und die Jagd im Besonderen gelten weithin als zentrale Bestandteile eines modernen ‚adligen' Habitus, als Zeichen von ‚Adligkeit'. 1 Der ‚Adel', so wird immer wieder geschildert, jagte nicht nur mit und aus Leidenschaft, sondern er tat dies auf eine spezifisch ‚adlige', vom ‚Bürgertum' unterschiedene Art und Weise. Selbstbeschreibungen des natur-und traditionsverbundenen, ‚weidgerecht' jagenden ‚adligen' Jägers werden unkritisch ‚adligen' -oftmals retrospektiven -Selbststilisierungen entnommen und einem vermeintlich städtischen, naturfremd bis naturfeindlich eingestellten ‚Bürgertum' gegenübergestellt, das, wenn es überhaupt jagte, gegen alle Regeln der Kunst verstieß -und niemand fragt, wie und warum der ‚Bürger' eigentlich auf die Jagd ging. 2 Während Jagd und ‚Adligkeit' fest miteinander verbunden zu sein Es ist sicher kein Zufall, dass der Titel an die "Demokratisierung des Pferdes" erinnert. Nicht nur deshalb möchte ich diesen Aufsatz Reinhart Koselleck widmen. 1 Vgl. etwa Stephan MALINOWSKI, Vom König zum Führer, Sozialer Niedergang und politische Radikalisierung im deutschen Adel zwischen Kaiserreich und NS-Staat. Berlin 2003, S. 66ff.; Eckart CONZE, Von deutschem Adel. . 2 Schiller zeigt, dass ‚bürgerliche' Großgrundbesitzer sich in ihrer Jagdleidenschaft

Anthropologists and cultural geographers have long accepted that animals play an important role in the creation of human cultures. However, such beliefs are yet to be embraced by archaeologists, who seldom give zooarchaeological data much consideration beyond the occasional economic or environmental reconstruction. In an attempt to highlight animal remains as a source of cultural information, this paper examines the evidence for the changing relationship between people and wild animals in Iron Age and Roman southern England. Special attention is given to 'exotic' species - in particular fallow deer, domestic fowl and the hare - whose management increased around AD 43. In Iron Age Britain the concept of wild game reserves was seemingly absent, but the post-Conquest appearance of new landscape features such as vivaria, leporaria and piscinae indicates a change in worldview from a situation where people seemingly negotiated with the 'wilderness' and 'wild things' to one where people felt they had the right or the responsibility to bring them to order. Using Fishbourne Roman Palace as a case study, we argue that wild and exotic animals represented far more than gastronomic treats or symbols of Roman identity, instead influencing the way in which people engaged with, traversed and experienced their surroundings.

Exploration of what place names and language can tell us about the development of forestry (afforestation) in medieval England, including discussion of an increased lexicon of Anglo-Saxon woodland terms, focusing on Huntingdonshire, England.

Landesamt für Archäologie, Dresden -13.08.-16.08.2020 -Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen, liebe Freunde der AG Das diesjährige Tagungsthema lautet "Wegbeleiter des Menschen: Waffen der Jagd und des Krieges". Einen chronologischen Schwerpunkt soll es dabei nicht geben. Wir erhoffen uns daher zahlreiche Vortragsanmeldungen und ein bunt gemischtes Programm. Die jeweilige Vortragsdauer (Sprachen Deutsch und Englisch) soll 30 Minuten betragen. Bei Interesse sollten die Titel der Vorträge gemeinsam mit einem kleinen Abstract bis zum 17.07.2020 bei uns eingegangen sein, um noch genügend Vorlauf für die Erstellung des Programms zu haben. Daneben sind auch wieder ein "Regionalblock" zum Umfeld des Tagungsortes, die traditionelle "Bücherbörse", sowie ggf. ein Praxisblock und eine Exkursion/Museums-/Ausstellungsbesuche geplant. Unter der Rubrik "Sonstiges" können auch Vorträge zu aktuellen Funden und Befunden angemeldet werden, die eher allgemein mit Werkzeugen oder Waffen in Zusammenhang stehen. Achtung: Wir bitten zudem um Vorschläge und freiwillige Meldungen für die anstehende Sprecherwahl! Weitere Informationen zum Tagungsort, zu Übernachtungsmöglichkeiten etc. sollen bei Bestätigung des geplanten Termines spätestens Anfang Juli folgen. Wir freuen uns auf eine rege Teilnahme, fesselnde Vorträge und Experimentalbeiträge, sowie die übliche gute Stimmung! Mit freundlichen Grüßen

The paper aims to provide an iconographic analysis of the frescoes of the House of the Ancient Hunt in Pompeii (VII, 4, 48) representing hunting scenes. The hunt was one of the  iconographic subjects most appreciated by the Pompeian house owners, in particular in specific spaces of the houses such as viridaria, nymphaea and peristyles.
The study focuses on the huge fresco (megalographia) painted on the south wall of the peristyle of the domus which represents hunters and beasts hunting deers, a bull and a wild boar.
The presence  of hunters is a rather rare element for this type of iconographic subjects since usually the painted hunts represent only animals, predators and preys. In order to explain this peculiarity it has been  proposed that it is a venatio, a recrational hunt in the arena. The paper provides a different and original interpretation of this hunting scene.

Data on a pre-contact missile hurling sling recovered from Coyote Cave, SW Coahuila, and probable rock art depictions of slings in Coahuila.  Academia.edu posting #5. Update for: Slings & Slingstones, The Forgotten Weapons of Oceania and the Americas.

This electronic bibliography began in 1994 to disseminate information on Cartridge Identification to interested researchers on the World Wide Web.  It is meant to be shared freely among anyone interested in the subject from Archaeologists to Historians to Hunters to Forensic Scientists.  These references do not include the multitude of  excellent cartridge reloading manuals and components catalogs put out by manufacturers of ammunition and reloading components (bullets. slugs, shot, powders, primers, caps, gunflints, bullet lubricants, paper patches, gas checks, sabots, wads, hulls, molds, melting pots, sizing dies, ect.).  All of those present LOTs of information on cartridge dimensions and other useful information.  There are also a multitude of articles on cartridge headstamp identification in such magazines as the Shotgun News, National Rifleman and Guns and Ammo.  Amazingly enough, most of the books and articles referenced in this bibliography do not contain subject bibliographies or references cited sections.  Replaces earlier editions.

This dissertation examines changes in Haida economic adaptations during the late pre-contact and early contact periods in Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia). This was primarily achieved through the analysis of faunal and artifactual assemblages recovered from archaeological excavations at eight village sites in Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site (southernmost Haida Gwaii). In addition, extensive syntheses of early historic accounts, ethnographic descriptions, and previous archaeological work provide context for the interpretation of the archaeological data and complementary data on the economic responses of the Haida to European contact and the maritime fur trade.

The new archaeological data presented in this dissertation, combined with previously published results, form the basis of a detailed description of the nature of Haida economic adaptations during the late pre-contact period (ca. 500 AD to 1774 AD). Most notably, these data clarify a previously recognized shift from a more generalized, rockfish-oriented economy to a more specialised, salmon focused economy between 1,200 BP and 800 BP. These distinct economic adaptations, now widely demonstrated for southern Haida Gwaii, have been formalized as an earlier Xyuu daw Phase (ca. 2,000 BP to 1,000 BP) and a later Qayjuu Phase (ca. 1,000 BP to contact), both within the previously described late Graham Tradition.

While the maritime fur trade and the incorporation of the Haida into the European capitalist world system increased the focus of the Haida on the hunting of sea otters, altered the Haida seasonal round, and introduced new items of material culture, it had relatively little impact on the Haida subsistence economy. Salmon continued to dominate Haida subsistence, while the majority of the introduced material culture was non-utilitarian or was incorporated into existing cultural practices. In contrast, European traders were forced to adopt a degree of Haida tradition into trade practices, and in many cases were dependent on the Haida to meet their own subsistence needs. More profound changes to Haida culture, including the rise of Haida economic dependency on the world economy, arose during the subsequent period of increasing European encroachment and settlement.

Multidisciplinary study of the evolution of the subsistence economy and maritime hunting technology of the Thule culture, particularly as regards the interplay between shore lead umiak hunting, caribou hunting, and various forms of sealing. Lengthy introductory chapter reviews evolution of Neoeskimo/Paleoeskimo dichotomy in research history.

La série L A T T A R A -dont le titre reproduit le nom de la ville antique-se propose de porter à la connaissance de la communauté scientifique les études concernant le site archéologique de Lattes et son environnement, ou se rapportant aux problématiques abordées par les travaux engagés sur cet important gisement portuaire.

Since Solon’s Laws in the 6th century BC, societies have developed specific regulations to contain, hunt down, then eradicate wolves. In order to protect themselves, the public authorities have used an unequalled repressive arsenal. They have even devoted an institution to combating wolves, which supposedly goes back to the year 800 and still exists today: the wolf-hunting officers or louveterie.
    However, the wolf is also one of the few animals to have caused so much internal conflict between men. Seen as a public enemy of society, it has occupied many unfavourable statuses. Although hunting was for the privileged, the danger caused by wolves led to exceptions to the ban on carrying weapons, and to appeals for wolf hunts which were even encouraged by the authorities. The wolf became a focal point for social resentments resulting from antagonism about revenues, lifestyles, and ways of occupying space. Today, the animal’s transition to protected status has not resolved the endless conflict pitching men against wolves. It has even rekindled tensions since the natural return of wolves to France in 1992. With emotions running high, open-mindedness and knowledge of the realities call for compromises. Over the course of a remarkable conflict spanning over 2000 years, Man versus Wolf offers an authoritative summary to contribute to a topical debate.

A small sample of animal bones dating to the Early Neolithic Linear Ceramic Culture from Dresden-Mockritz (Saxony, Germany) has been investigated. It stands out for containing a wide range of species showing evidence of the use of very diverse environments.

The remarkably high amount of wild animals as compared to domesticates is discussed and put in a wider context. It is shown that regional models explaining differences in animal exploitation patterns in the Early Neolithic are not tenable in the light of new evidence and a much more local mode of adaptation to different circumstances is suggested.

Drawing evidence from the taphonomy of the complexes under study, an assessment of the representatives of the sample is made and its value to archeological interpretation indicated. An antler artifact, a so called T-axe, associated with the faunal remains, is discussed and thought to be an indicator
of changing patterns of subsistence in the Neolithic of the Dresden area.

This paper begins by exploring the role of fermented and deliberately rotted (putrefied) meat, fish, and fat in the diet of modern hunters and gatherers throughout the arctic and subarctic. These practices partially 'pre-digest' the high protein and fat content typical of northern forager diets without the need for cooking, and hence without the need for fire or scarce fuel. Because of the peculiar properties of many bacteria, including various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which rapidly colonize decomposing meat and fish, these foods can be preserved free of pathogens for weeks or even months and remain safe to eat. In addition, aerobic bacteria in the early stages of putrefaction deplete the supply of oxygen in the tissues, creating an anaerobic environment that retards the production of potentially toxic byproducts of lipid autoxidation (rancidity). Moreover, LAB produce B-vitamins, and the anaerobic environment favors the preservation of vitamin C, a critical but scarce micronutrient in heavily meat-based northern diets. If such foods are cooked, vitamin C may be depleted or lost entirely, increasing the threat of scurvy. Psychological studies indicate that the widespread revulsion shown by many Euroamericans to the sight and smell of putrefied meat is not a universal hard-wired response, but a culturally learned reaction that does not emerge in young children until the age of about five or later, too late to protect the infant from pathogens during the highly vulnerable immediate-post-weaning period. Ethnohistoric and ethnographic evidence clearly show that putrefied meat and fish were not used solely as starvation foods, but served instead as ubiquitous, desirable, and nutritionally important components of forager diets throughout these northern environments. In the second part of the paper, I extend these arguments to suggest that putrefied meat, fish, and fat are likely to have been equally important to the lifeways and adaptations of Eurasian Paleolithic hominins inhabiting analogous environments. If such food practices were in fact widespread during the mid-to late Pleistocene, they may help account for aspects of the archaeological record that are presently difficult to comprehend, such as the 'on again, off again' evidence for fire use (and hence cooking) during the Eurasian Middle Paleolithic. Putrefaction also may alter the isotopic composition of the diet. As meat and fish decompose, a variety of volatile compounds are produced, including ammonia. Loss of NH 3 , along with lesser amounts of two other nitrogenous gases—cadaverine and putrescine—would very likely leave rotted meat and fish enriched in 15 N by comparison to the isotopic composition of these foods in their fresh state. Such enrichment may have contributed to the elevated values seen in many Neanderthals, values that are widely taken as prima facie evidence of Neanderthal's status as a 'top predator.' Finally, if Paleolithic foragers relied upon putrefaction to prepare and store meat, archaeologists may have to rethink the way they interpret a number of widely used taphonomic signatures, including the number and distribution of cutmarks, the extent of carnivore damage, the incidence of burning on both animal bones and stone tools, and the frequency and scale of hearths, ash lenses, and other features of combustion. " When we fix salmon head we put it in bucket in ground and we take it out and eat it. We leave it in ten days

The hunting of wild animals for food, sport or for the defence of people and herds, was common in the ancient Near East, especially in early times. This paper gives a survey of hunting practices in pre-Islamic Arabia primarily from the beginning of the first millennium BCE to the eve of Islam in light of the epigraphic evidence and of rock art as well as archaeological discoveries.

Previous researchers have reported difficulties in distinguishing between surface marks on bone formed by sedimentary abrasion and those inllicted while butchering. Trampling by large ungulates and humans has been credited with producing pseudocut marks: natural alterations to the bone that mimic cultural ones. The purposes of this research are: (1) to re-examine trampling as a taphonomic process, and (2) to suggest criteria useful for distinguishing sedimentary abrasion, including trampling, from butchery. Macroscopic and microscopic comparison of experimentally trampled bones and those which have had soft tissue removed with a flint tool demonstrate significant differences between the surface modifications produced by the two processes.

The thesis aims to put the draft into the practice for further substantial research into the sling missiles in the Near East which has been made in the prior bachelor thesis. The presented work will try to establish a first morphological means for the identification of sling projectiles in the archaeological record in the Near East. The main goal is to concentrate on the metric data and the functional design of projectiles in order to establish parameters which are characteristic only for sling projectiles. The necessary size, weight and form parameters, however, cannot at present be deduced from archaeological artefacts proper, because the identification of "rounded handy-sized objects of clay or stone RHO" (Kubíková 2013, 17) as sling projectiles is disputed and very different functions for the plain and ball-like items are proposed (cooking stones, tokens etc.). The central idea is to get to valid parameters after studying sling projectiles in a secure context, where their identification is unambiguous, namely in their use by recent-ethnographic societies. Studying the attributes of slingstones from the ethnographic contexts from Oceania and Americas, it is hoped that realistic size and shape ranges can be defined which could serve as a supporting tool when designating and interpreting small finds of stone or clay in the Neolithic Near East. The range margins, it is thought, in the first step, will permit to subtract from the archaeological record all RHO items that fall out of the size, weight and form range of ethnographically attested sling missiles. As a testing case, the ethnographically derived parameters will be applied to various kinds of plain clay balls that were found at the Late Neolithic site Tell Arbid Abyad (MU-ARBA Project, NE-Syria, 2007–2010). Beyond that much of the available archaeological information and photographs of slingstones, sling balls and sling projectiles are brought together to spur an archaeological comparison and which could help archaeologists with a correct identification of small artefacts.

How do we take indigenous animism seriously in the sense proposed by Viveiros de Castro? In this article, I pose this challenge to all the major theories of animism, stretching from Tylor and Durkheim, over Lévi-Strauss to Ingold. I then go on to draw a comparison between Žižek's depiction of the cynical milieu of advanced capitalism in which ideology as " false consciousness " has lost force and the Siberian Yukaghirs for whom ridiculing the spirits is integral to their game of hunting. Both know that, in their activity, they are following an illusion, but still they go along with it; both are ironically self-conscious about not taking the ruling ethos at face value. is makes me suggest an alternative: perhaps it is time for anthropology not to take indigenous animism too seriously.

Some years ago, I registered a large number of amateur collections in southern Jutland. Quite a number of Maglemosian microliths had traces of impacts. These were mostly negative scars from small 'burin spalls' as weil as some other types. Their direction seemed to indicate the direction of the movement of the projectile. An analysis of the impacts was carried out.

Hunting has been a cornerstone in the artistic, religious, and philosophical traditions of countless cultures throughout history -- in fact, it is older than civilization itself. Yet few pursuits continue to be as controversial, for the hunting of prey strikes at the very core of such fundamental questions as death, embodiment, nonhuman life, and morality.

Hunting - Philosophy for Everyone presents a thought-provoking collection of new essays from across the academic and non-academic spectrum that move far beyond familiar arguments and debates about hunting. This philosophically stimulating book provides fresh perspectives on a variety of topics, including:

 Issues relating to the ethics of hunting
 The experiences and perspectives of the hunter
 The relationship of hunting to nature and human nature
 Hunting in culture, politics, and tradition

Chosen from an overwhelmingly large pool of abstracts, nineteen contributors from a wide range of disciplines and walks of life have each written a chapter that is both philosophically stimulating and inviting to a general reading audience. In order to recuperate the ancient appeal of philosophy as a broadly accessible means of critical awareness, volumes in this series balance contributions by professional philosophers with academics from other disciplines, as well as non-academic writers. This book is no exception, with philosophy, biology, archeology, anthropology, sociology, geography, communications, religion, and fine arts representing the academy. Moreover, among the contributors are three confirmed non-hunters and nine confirmed hunters, seven women authors, one aboriginal author, two confirmed anti-hunters and one confirmed ex-vegan!

Hot on the trail of one of the most controversial issues of contemporary society, Hunting - Philosophy for Everyone is a stereotype-shattering volume that invites us to think deeply about what it means to be human.

Link to Publisher's Website:  http://ca.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1444335693.html
Google Books link:  http://books.google.ca/books?id=6iPRfC1jIZcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=hunting+philosophy+for+everyone&hl=en&ei=YUFgTLPwCInmsQOAz8SqCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false