Poster: Nanoemulsions in Cosmetics - S.Özgün
Sinan Özgün
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Abstract
In this poster the focus is on the nanoemulsions (NE) in skin care products, which became increasingly important due to their potential for the controlled delivery and optimized dispersion of active ingredients into the layers of skin.
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Nanoemulsions in Cosmetics - S.Özgün
The main subject of this report is the applications of nanoemulsion systems in cosmetics. Nanoemulsion systems are investigated in terms of their properties, preparation methods, application areas and considerations related to health and environment; furthermore, preliminary information about the emulsion systems in general is covered to provide a background. This report is prepared to fulfill the partial requirement for “MLZ441 Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Lecture”.
NANOEMULSION FOR COSMETIC APPLICATION
The application of Nanoemulsion is one of the growing technologies used in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as a novel delivery system for drugs and lipophilic materials such as essential oils, flavours, colours and fatty acids. These technological application of nanoemulsions have increasing used in the cosmetic applications due to their characteristic properties of small droplet size (in the range 20-200 nm) with high interfacial area, transparent or translucent appearance, high solubilization capacity, low viscosity, and high kinetic stability due to sedimentation, flocculation, and in some cases, the coalescence. Nanoemulsions are more suitable delivery system for the transport of lipophilic compounds as they support the skin penetration of active ingredients and thus increase their concentration in the skin which plays an important role in cosmetics product formulations. As a result, the characteristic of Nanoemulsion meets the fundamental process of formulating such products as body lotions, skin creams and sunscreens.
Nanoemulsion: process selection and application in cosmetics - A Review
International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2015
In recent decades, considerable and continuous growth in consumer demand in the cosmetics field has spurred the development of sophisticated formulations, aiming at high performance, attractive appearance, sensorial benefit and safety. Yet despite increasing demand from consumers, the formulator faces certain restrictions regarding the optimum equilibrium between the active compound concentration and the formulation base taking into account the nature of the skin structure, mainly concerning to the ideal penetration of the active compound, due to the natural skin barrier. Emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible phases, and the interest in nanoscale emulsion has been growing considerably in recent decades due to its specific attributes such as high stability, attractive appearance and drug delivery properties; therefore, performance is expected to improve using a lipid-based nanocarrier. Nanoemulsions are generated by different approaches: the so-called high-energy and low-energy methods. The global overview of these mechanisms and different alternatives for each method are presented in this paper, along with their benefits and drawbacks. As a cosmetics formulation is reflected in product delivery to consumers, nanoemulsion development with prospects for large-scale production is one of the key attributes in the method selection process. Thus, the aim of this review was to highlight the main high-and low-energy methods applicable in cosmetics and dermatological product development, their specificities, recent research on these methods in the cosmetics and consideration for the process selection optimization. The specific process with regard to inorganic nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles and nanocapsule formulation is not considered in this paper.
Emulsion versus nanoemulsion: how much is the formulative shift critical for a cosmetic product?
Drug delivery and translational research, 2017
The use of nanoemulsions in cosmetic products has been enlarged in the last decades because of several formulative advantages (e.g., the improved self-life stability, better texture properties). In addition, nanoemulsions seemed to improve the penetration of active ingredients through the human skin, comparing to conventional emulsion. In this contest, the risk of a higher systemic exposure of consumer to active ingredients, due to the ability of nanoemulsion to enhance permeation, results a critical attribute that should be evaluated for assuring the consumer safety. The aim of this work was the evaluation of how an oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion can influence the in vitro skin permeation profiles of two model active ingredients with different polarity (i.e., caffeine and ethyl ximenynate). Preliminarily, since both selected molecules influenced the physical stability of nanoemulsion, formulative studies were carried out to identify the most stable formulation to perform in vitro ...
A REVIEW ON VARIOUS FORMULATION OF NANOEMULSIONS IN COSMETICS WITH PLANT EXTRACTS AS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS Review Article
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021
This review conducted to compare the difference of the formulation of nanoemulsion cosmetics by plant extracts between Centella asiatica, seed oil from Rubus idaeus, Phyllanthus urinaria, Garcinia mangostana L., Vellozia sauamata, and Cordyceps militaris extract. Materials and methods was taken from several literature in valid databases that focuses on current status of the formulation of nanoemulsion and its characteristics, nanoemulsion cosmetics, and formulation of nanoemulsion cosmetics that are made by plant extract as the active ingredient. Comparison of the formulas above can be seen from various aspects. Referring to each article, 4 out of 6 formulas use high energy techniques and the rest use low energy techniques. Formula 1, 3, 6 use high energy technique with high pressure homogenization, and formula 4 uses ultrasonication, which is still a high energy technique. Formulas 2 and 5 use low energy techniques, namely formula 2 using Phase Inversion Composition (PIC) and formula 5 using Phase Inversion Temperature (PIT). High-Pressure Homogenizer (HPH) is the most widely used for the manufacture of nanoemulsions. In terms of formula, the use of components such as surfactant, cosurfactant, oil phase, and water phase is also different from the 6 formulas presented. Even though all of the six formulas are different, the active ingredients in the form of nanoemulsions need to be tested until finally the goal of the cosmetic product is achieved.
Nanoemulsion as a Vehicle in Transdermal Drug Delivery
Insights in Biomedicine
With the progress in time and advances in science and technology, dosage forms have evolved from traditional systems of simple mixtures, syrups and tablets, to highly sophisticated techniques, which are referred to as novel drug delivery systems. An ideal drug delivery system fulfils the objective of maximizing therapeutic effect while minimizing toxicity. Nanoemulsions are proposed for numerous applications in pharmaceutical sciences as drug delivery systems because of their capacity to solubilize non-polar active compounds. Nanoemulsions have been widely used in development of cosmetic products. One of the versatile applications of nanoemulsions is in the transdermal drug delivery where they act as efficient carriers for bioactives, facilitating ease of administration.
“FOR” AND “AGAINST” THE USE OF NANOSTRUCTURES IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS
Nanotechnology is a modern branch of science which is engaged with the design, characterization, formulation and implementation of devices, systems and structures with dimensions up to 100 nm. It finds a wide application in many areas – from electronics to medicine and pharmacy. In recent years, a direction called nanocosmetics is formed. Many leading companies, producing cosmetic products use nanotechnology in their work to achieve better penetration, sustained effect, increase of the UV-protection of the skin, protection from the harmful effects of environmental factors. Commonly used nanostructures are: liposomes, nanosomes, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, nanocrystals, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanospheres, dendrimers, nanogols and nanosilver, micronized forms of ZnO and TiO 2, hydrogels and other. The expansion of nanosystems in cosmetics leads to the necessity to assess their impact on the human body and the environment. This review focuses on the different nanostructu...
Nanotechnology: An Advance Tool for Nano-cosmetics Preparation
International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, 2015
Nanotechnology represents one of the most capable technologies of the 21st century. Recently Nanotechnology is emerging in the field of cosmetics and it offers a revolutionize treatment of several skin diseases. It is proved effective in attaining safe and targeted delivery of active medicaments as well cosmetic ingredients. Use of carrier system in nanotechnology has added advantage of improved skin penetration, depot effect with sustained release drug action. The trend toward therapeutic cosmetics will lead to a better understanding of modern ingredients and their assessment techniques. To obtain skin care formulations with real consumer-perceivable benefits and to optimize sensory attributes, formulators are resorting to technology that until recently was exclusively used in cosmetic products. Various formulations comes under special delivery systems like Vesicular, Particulate systems, emulsions type Particulate type and other delivery systems along with their applications are s...
Role of Nanotechnology for Design and Development of Cosmeceutical: Application in Makeup and Skin Care
Frontiers in Chemistry
Nanotechnology is an innovative area of science that includes the design, characterization, production, and application of materials, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanometer scale (1-100 nm). Nanotechnology incorporation in cosmetic formulation is considered as the hottest and emerging technology available. Cosmetic manufacturers use nanoscale size ingredients to provide better UV protection, deeper skin penetration, long-lasting effects, increased color, finish quality, and many more. Micellar nanoparticles is one of the latest field applied in cosmetic products that becoming trending and widely commercialized in local and international markets. The ability of nanoemulsion system to form small micellar nanoparticles size with high surface area allowing to effectiveness of bioactive component transport onto the skin. Oil in water nanoemulsion is playing a major role as effective formulation in cosmetics such as make-up remover, facial cleanser, anti-aging lotion, sun-screens, and other water-based cosmetic formulations. The objective of this review is to critically discuss the properties, advantageous, and mechanism of micellar nanoparticles formation in nanoemulsion system. Therefore, present article introduce and discuss the specific benefits of nanoemulsion system in forming micellar nanoparticles for cosmetic formulation which become major factors for further development of micellar-based cosmetic segments.
Nanosystems in Cosmetic Products: A Brief Overview of Functional, Market, Regulatory and Safety Concerns
Pharmaceutics, 2021
Nanosystems exhibit various innovative physico-chemical properties as well as a range of cosmetic functions, including increased skin retention for loaded compounds. The worldwide nano-market has therefore been consistently extensive in recent decades. This review summarizes the most important properties of nanosystems that are employed in cosmetics, including composition, functions and interactions with skin, with particular attention being paid to marketed products. Moreover, the worldwide regulatory landscape of nanomaterials used as cosmetic ingredients is considered, and the main safety concerns are indicated. In general, advanced physico-chemical characterization is preliminarily needed to assess the safety of nanomaterials for human health and the environment. However, there is currently a shortfall in global legislation as a universally accepted and unambiguous definition of a nanomaterial is still lacking. Therefore, each country follows its own regulations. Anyhow, the mai...
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Characteristics and Physical Stability of Nanoemulsion as a Vehicle for Anti-Aging Cosmetics: A Systematic Review
Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 2023
Background: Skin aging can be overcome by applying anti-aging cosmetics. Many active ingredients that have anti-aging potential are derived from plants, and these materials must be delivered with a sound skin delivery system, namely nanoemulsion. The characteristics of nanoemulsion are closely related to physical stability. Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of in vivo and in vitro study designs to examine the characteristics and physical stability of nanoemulsions used in topical anti-aging cosmetics. Methods: A systematic literature review based on the PRISMA statement was used to review the articles regarding nanoemulsions' characteristics and physical stability. The article search was accessed from an internet search database: Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science, published between January 2012 and June 2022. Results: Of the 244 articles, 44 were found to be related to the characteristics and physical stability of nanoemulsions in antiaging cosmetics. These showed that active ingredients with antioxidant activity, filter UV rays, moisturizing agents, and cell-repairing agents are delivered by a nanoemulsion system with various types and ratios of surfactants, cosurfactants, and oil phases. Tween 80, Span 80, Transcutol HP, and Caprylic/capric triglyceride are the most widely used nanoemulsion compositions. Conclusion: The type and composition of the oil phase, surfactant, and cosurfactant affect the characteristics of the nanoemulsion (droplet size, polydispersity index, viscosity, zeta potential) and the physical stability of the nanoemulsion so that it can deliver active ingredients that have the potential as anti-aging well.
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Nanoemulsion is one of the most common dosage forms for delivering active substances to the target area in pharmaceutical research, and it has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its applications in a variety of sectors. Nanoemulsions have been used as a drug delivery technology in the pharmaceutical industry by many systematic routes such as oral, topical, and parenteral. Nanoemulsions are emulsions with a submicron size that are being studied as medication carriers for enhancing therapeutic agent delivery. Nanoemulsions are transparent or translucent dispersions with droplet sizes smaller than 100nm, ultra-low interfacial tension, huge o/w interfacial areas, and long-term physical stability. The drug administration and penetration through the psoriasis skin layer would be improved if the droplet size was smaller. Rana Siddhi*, Patel Mansi M., Chainesh Shah, Mitali Dalwadi, Umesh Upadhyay Sigma Institute Of Pharmacy, Bakrol, Vadodara390019. India Submitted: 23 Septe...
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Nanoemulsions are gaining importance in healthcare and cosmetics sectors as a result of the unique properties of nanosized droplets, such as high surface area. Here we review nanotechnology and nanoemulsions with focus on emulsifiers and nanoemulsifiers, and applications for drugs and vaccines delivery, cancer therapy, inflammation treatment, cosmetics, perfumes, polymers, and food. We discuss nanoemulsion safety and properties, e.g., stability, emulsification, solubility, molecular number and arrangements, ionic strength, pH and temperature.
Nanoemulsion: An Innovative Approach for Topical Delivery
Nanoemulsions have attracted great attention in research, dosage form design and pharmacotherapy. This is as a result of a number of attributes peculiar to nanoemulsions such as optical clarity, ease of preparation, thermodynamic stability and increased surface area. Nanoemulsions also known as submicron emulsions serve as vehicles for the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients as well as other bioactive. They are designed to address some of the problems associated with conventional drug delivery systems such as low bioavailability and non-compliance. The importance of design and development of emulsion nanocarrier systems aimed at controlling and/or improving required bioavailability levels of therapeutic agents cannot be overemphasized. Reducing droplet sizes to the nanoscale leads to some very interesting physical properties, such as optical transparency and unusual elastic behaviour. This review sheds light on the current state of nanoemulsions in the delivery of drugs an...
Formulation and Evaluation of Nanoemulsion for Topical Application
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics
The aim of present research is to design and develop nanoemulsion of Econazole nitrate as effective treatment for tinea versicolor fungal disease. Econazole nitrate is an imidazole antifungal agent with broad spectrum activity. It belongs to BCS class II i.e. low soluble and highly permeable drug. Due to its poor solubility, it is incompletely absorbed after oral dosing and bioavailability varies among individuals. The drug efficacy of topical formulation can be limited by instability due to its poor solubility in the vehicle and low permeability. Therefore, to overcome these problems nanoemulsions have been designed. Topical nanoemulsion containing 1 % Econazole nitrate with different oils (oleic acid), surfactant (tween 20), co-surfactant (PEG 200, PEG 400) and distilled water. Various oil-in-water nanoemulsions are prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method. The nanoemulsion formulations that passed thermodynamic stability tests were characterized for appearance, pH, FTIR,...
Current Update on Nanoemulsion: A Review
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In this review, the formation, characterization, properties and applications of nano-emulsions are reviewed and summarized. Nanoemulsions are submicron sized emulsions that are under extensive investigation as drug carriers for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents. Nanoemulsions are the thermodynamically stable isotropic system in which two immiscible liquid (water and oil) are mixed to form a single phase by means of an appropriate surfactants. Due to their small droplet size nano-emulsions possess stability against sedimentation or creaming with Ostwald ripening forming the main mechanism of nanoemulsion breakdown. Nanoemulsion droplet sizes fall typically in the range of 20200nm. Diameter and surface properties of droplets of nanoemulsion plays an important role in the biological behavior of the formulation. Nanoemulsion show great promise for the future of cosmetics, diagnostics, drug therapies, and biotechnologies. The main application of nanoemulsions is the preparatio...
Scope of Nanotechnology in Cosmetics: Dermatology and Skin Care Products
Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences, 2019
Women and men have been wearing cosmetics for centuries, although the styles have certainly undergone some dramatic changes over time. Cosmetics is a very vast field which has served humanity throughout the course of history.In old age, it was believed that there is no chemical product in the world that can be at all-natural. Industrialization has revolutionized the field.So, then nanotechnology is evolved and cosmetics become environmentally friendly. Different nanomaterial liposomes, solid lipid Nanoparticle, cubosomes, dendrimers etc. have advance properties for skin care. Nano emulsion is the most important part in this regard. They are widely used in gel, lotion, creams emulsions is replaced with vitamin A and its derivative for more efficient work. Sunscreen with inorganic material such as metal TiO2 and ZnO2 is better in skin care products. In this short review, some nanotechnology scope in cosmetics, in terms of dermatology and skin care products, has been significantly part...
Nanoemulsions: Factory for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics
Processes
Nanotechnology, particularly nanoemulsions (NEs), have gained increasing interest from researchers throughout the years. The small-sized droplet with a high surface area makes NEs important in many industries. In this review article, the components, properties, formation, and applications are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages are also described in this article. The formation of the nanosized emulsion can be divided into two types: high and low energy methods. In high energy methods, high-pressure homogenization, microfluidization, and ultrasonic emulsification are described thoroughly. Spontaneous emulsification, phase inversion temperature (PIT), phase inversion composition (PIC), and the less known D-phase emulsification (DPE) methods are emphasized in low energy methods. The applications of NEs are described in three main areas which are food, cosmetics, and drug delivery.
A REVIEW ON NANOEMULSIONS: FORMULATION, COMPOSITION, AND APPLICATIONS
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2021
Nanoemulsions are sub-micron sized emulsions that are undergoing detailed assessment as potential drug carriers for enhancing the delivery of therapeutic agents. These are to date the most developed nanoparticulate systems for the systemic delivery of active pharmaceutical for controlled drug delivery as well as targeting. These are the thermodynamically durable isotropic system, in which two incompatible liquids (water and oil) are blended to form a single homogenous phase by utilizing a required quantity of surfactants to achieve mixing with a droplet diameter approaching roughly in the range of 0.5-100 µm. They find applications in various fields such as cosmetics as well as are adopted in various routes of administration.
OPTIMIZATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND SAFETY EVALUATION OF OLIVE OIL NANOEMULSION FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION: A RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Journal, 2022
Objective: Nanoemulsions consist of fine oil-in-water dispersions, with droplets covering the size range of 50-500 nm. Olive oil is frequently utilized in cosmetic and pharmaceutical topical product for its healing, protecting, and moisturizing properties due to its high fatty acid and antioxidant content. In the present work, a nanoemulsion composed of olive oil, Span 80 as surfactant, and Labrasol as cosurfactant was developed using a highpressure homogenization method and was evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics. Methods: Response surface methodology was utilized to investigate the influence of the main nanoemulsion components: olive oil (X 1), Span 80 (X 2), and Labrasol (X 3) on the droplet size (Y 1) and polydispersity index (PDI) (Y 2). A total of 17 formulations were generated by the Box-Behnken model. Results: The model was found to be highly significant with R 2 values of 0.9833 and 0.9382 for droplet size and PDI, respectively. The optimized nanoemulsion presented the droplet size of 144.2±0.8 nm and PDI of 0.105±0.014. Span 80 seems to be the most influential factor that determines the droplet size as it has higher significant linear and interaction effects. The developed nanoemulsion was, further, evaluated with an in vivo skin irritancy study using the rat model. Conclusion: Results indicate that the developed nanoemulsion did not demonstrate any skin irritations in gross and histological examinations, suggesting that it is safe for topical applications.
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